• GeoVax's development platform uses Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vector technology, with improvements to antigen design and manufacturing capabilities. (wikipedia.org)
  • The vaccine works with a combined DNA vaccine and MVA (modified vaccinia Ankara) vaccine both of which lead to the insertion of genes into primate DNA which leads to foreign protein expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • ATLANTA, GA, October 14, 2021 - GeoVax Labs, Inc . (Nasdaq: GOVX), a biotechnology company developing human immunotherapies and vaccines against infectious diseases and cancer, today announced that the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has issued a Notice of Allowance for Patent Application No. 15/543,139 entitled "Replication-Deficient Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) Expressing Ebola Virus Glycoprotein (GP) and Matrix Protein (VP40) . (gabio.org)
  • GEO-EM01 is based on the Company's novel Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) Virus-Like Particle (VLP) platform, which generates noninfectious VLPs in the individual being vaccinated. (gabio.org)
  • Our Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Virus Like Particle (MVA-VLP) based vaccine platform utilizes MVA, a large virus capable of carrying several vaccine antigens, that expresses proteins that assemble into VLP immunogens in the person receiving the vaccine. (gabio.org)
  • Efficient and stable production of Modified Vaccinia Ankara virus in two-stage semi-continuous and in continuous stirred tank cultivation systems. (probiogen.de)
  • A genotype of modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) that facilitates replication in suspension cultures in chemically defined medium. (probiogen.de)
  • The claims granted by the patent generally cover GeoVax's vector platform for expressing tumor associated antigens in virus-like particles (VLPs) from a Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector and encompass GeoVax's Mucin 1 (MUC1) tumor-associated antigen immunotherapy candidate. (geovax.com)
  • By considering different viruses, such as influenza, Modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA), yellow fever, Zika as well as afusogenic oncolytic virus (VSV-NDV), experience and data for a knowledge platform is collected to bring process development for applications in vaccines and virotherapy(gene and cancer therapy, defective interfering particles (DIPs) as antivirals) towards next-generation manufacturing. (peace-conference.org)
  • In general, the claims to be granted in the patent cover GeoVax's modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vector expressing certain antigens from the malaria parasite. (raiseworthy.com)
  • As Type C retroviruses, replicating murine leukemia viruses produce a virion containing a spherical nucleocapsid (the viral genome in complex with viral proteins) surrounded by a lipid bilayer derived from the host cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The encoded proteins are trafficked to the plasma membrane, where they assemble into progeny virus particles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Seven virus-encoded proteins have been identified that are components of IEV, and five of them are present in CEV or EEV. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The roles of these proteins in virus morphogenesis and dissemination, and as targets for neutralizing antibody are reviewed. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Recombinant HIV protein including HIV envelopes, envelope derivatives, Virus Like Particles, as well as formulations of HIV proteins with immune enhancers such as adjuvants and immune modulators. (nih.gov)
  • Using a new platform for unbiased and deep mutagenesis of any genomic locus in the prototypic orthopoxvirus, vaccinia virus (VACV), we conducted deep-mutational scans (DMS) of two EV proteins, A33 and A34, in the context of infectious viral particles and identified novel regiospecific mutations that enhance EV fitness. (hhs.gov)
  • Recombinant protein particles derived from a yeast retrotransposon (Ty) and the modified Ankara vaccinia (MVA) virus can deliver large epitope strings or even whole proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The mature flavivirus particle comprises a nucleocapsid core surrounded by a lipid bilayer containing the membrane (M) (derived from the precursor prM) and envelope (E) proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Oligomeric rearrangement of tick-borne encephalitis virus envelope proteins induced by an acidic pH. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In contrast, expression of proteins A56 and K2 inhibited entry of both EEV and intracellular mature virus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Mucosal Immunization with Newcastle Disease Virus Vector Coexpressing HIV-1 Env and Gag Proteins Elicits Potent Serum, Mucosal, and Cellular Immune Responses That Protect against Vaccinia Virus Env and Gag Challenges. (duke.edu)
  • The Gag and Env proteins expressed by all the recombinants except rNDV-Env-Gag self-assembled into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virus-like particles (VLPs). (duke.edu)
  • In this study, we showed that coexpression of Env and Gag proteins of HIV-1 performed using a single Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vector led to the formation of HIV-1 virus-like particles (VLPs). (duke.edu)
  • The three genes encoding these proteins were inserted individually into vaccinia virus GLV-1h68 genome under the control of an identical promoter. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • We have recently shown that the replication of rhinovirus, poliovirus and foot-and-mouth disease virus requires the co-translational N-myristoylation of viral proteins by human host cell N-myristoyltransferases (NMTs), and is inhibited by treatment with IMP-1088, an ultrapotent small molecule NMT inhibitor. (cdc.gov)
  • 3) depicts three smallpox, or variola, viral particles, which had been present in a smallpox vesicular fluid specimen. (cdc.gov)
  • The virus that causes smallpox and the virus that causes molluscum contagiosum are particular human pathogens, but other poxviruses cause rare zoonotic illnesses in humans. (microbiologynote.com)
  • In 1906, Paschen created a staining method for viral particles and demonstrated the elementary bodies (Paschen bodies) in smallpox lesion smears. (microbiologynote.com)
  • The virus variola is responsible for causing smallpox. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Once synthesized, it acts as a scaffold building block for the Vaccinia virus - a harmless strain developed in the laboratory as a vaccine against smallpox. (oist.jp)
  • First described in 1958, the human monkeypox virus (hMPXV) is a neglected zoonotic pathogen closely associated with the smallpox virus. (ina-respond.net)
  • The subset includes Smallpox (variola), Vaccinia, and Cowpox viruses. (ina-respond.net)
  • The virus got its name after it was first isolated in 1958 from smallpox-like vesiculopustular lesions amongst the captive imported monkeys (Java macaques) at the State Serum Institute in Copenhagen, Denmark. (ina-respond.net)
  • Cowpox is caused by the cowpox or catpox virus, a member of the orthopoxvirus family, which also includes smallpox and vaccinia. (medscape.com)
  • Smallpox is an acute, contagious disease caused by the variola virus, a member of the genus Orthopoxvirus , in the Poxviridae family (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Cowpox virus "scarification" by Jenner, used to induce protective immunity against smallpox, is not a single species but a group of up to 5 virus species that infects cows, humans, and other animals. (medscape.com)
  • In 1980, the Soviet Union commenced large-scale production of the smallpox virus and genetic recombination of strains that are more virulent. (medscape.com)
  • Because of the ease of production and aerosolization of the virus (only 10-100 virus particles are needed for infection), smallpox is a potential biological weapon. (medscape.com)
  • Human monkeypox is a viral zoonotic infection caused by monkeypox virus, an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus of the genus Orthopoxvirus and family Poxviridae that also contain smallpox, cowpox, Orf, and vaccinia viruses. (bvsalud.org)
  • GeoVax uses recombinant DNA or recombinant viruses to produce virus-like particles (VLPs) in the person being vaccinated. (wikipedia.org)
  • The production of VLPs in the person being vaccinated can mimic virus production in a natural infection, stimulating both the humoral and cellular arms of the immune system to recognize, prevent, and control the target infection. (gabio.org)
  • Here, we compared the CD81-binding characteristics of truncated E2 (E2(660)) and full-length (FL) E1E2 complex expressed in mammalian cells, and of HCV virus-like particles (VLPs) generated in insect cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These virions have different abundance, structure, location and roles in the virus life-cycle. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Structure-function analysis of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoproteins, E1 and E2, has been difficult due to the unavailability of HCV virions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These approaches require purification of virions away from their normal millieu, requiring significant levels of expertise, and can only enumerate small numbers of particles per field of view. (utmb.edu)
  • Here, we utilize a visible light imaging approach called Single Particle Interferometric Reflectance Imaging Sensor (SP-IRIS) that allows automated counting and sizing of thousands of individual virions. (utmb.edu)
  • Single-Virus Fusion Experiments Reveal Proton Influx into Vaccinia Virions and Hemifusion Lag Times. (mpg.de)
  • Inhibition of vaccinia virus L1 N-myristoylation by the host N-myristoyltransferase inhibitor IMP-1088 generates non-infectious virions defective in cell entry. (cdc.gov)
  • METHODS: This is a retrospective histopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 20 patients with positive Monkeypox virus DNA polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical positivity for Vaccinia virus in cutaneous lesions. (bvsalud.org)
  • On the 7th of May 2022, the UKHSA (United Kingdom Health Security Agency) confirmed the first case of the human Monkeypox virus (hMPXV) in a case travelling back from Nigeria. (ina-respond.net)
  • Human monkeypox virus (hMPXV) is a ds DNA virus (~197 kb) of the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family. (ina-respond.net)
  • Schematic (left) and electron microscope image (right) depict monkeypox virus particles. (ina-respond.net)
  • Given the significant genetic identity between VACV, monkeypox virus and variola virus L1 homologs, our data provides a basis for further investigating the role of N-myristoylation in poxviral infections as well as the potential of selective NMT inhibitors like IMP-1088 as broad-spectrum poxvirus inhibitors. (cdc.gov)
  • Vaccinia virus (VACV) spreads across cell monolayers fourfold faster than predicted from its replication kinetics. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Vaccinia virus (VACV) is one of the best studied representative of the Orthopoxvirus genus. (oncotarget.com)
  • Here, we examine the importance of N-myristoylation during vaccinia virus (VACV) infection in primate cells and demonstrate the anti-poxviral effects of IMP-1088. (cdc.gov)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Generation of reovirus core-like particles in cells infected with hybrid vaccinia viruses that express genome segments L1, L2, L3, and S2. (duke.edu)
  • The genome of camelpox virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Genome condensation and packaging are essential processes in the life cycle of viruses. (mdpi.com)
  • A similar expansion of genes encoding an antagonist of a host innate immune protein has been observed in the genome of vaccinia virus (discussed on TWiV #198 ). (virology.ws)
  • While BsV was isolated from fresh water, the finding of abundant related genome sequences in oceanic datasets suggests that they are part of the largest group of giant viruses in the seas. (virology.ws)
  • Viral particles bind to plasma membrane receptors on host cells and then enter into the cytoplasm, where the viral genome is replicated and viral progeny are assembled. (medscape.com)
  • Cowpox virus has no latent stage and does not integrate its DNA into the host genome. (medscape.com)
  • The particle cannot start a new infection until maturation occurs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other viruses that can be responsible for conjunctival infection include herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), picornavirus (enterovirus 70, Coxsackie A24), poxvirus (molluscum contagiosum, vaccinia), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (medscape.com)
  • Despite efforts made over past decades, there is no vaccine or treatment available for preventing and controlling the ASF virus (ASFV) infection, and there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies. (mdpi.com)
  • This epic contains at least three "firsts": the first vaccine, the first disease eradicated entirely by immunisation, and the first virus infection against which treatment was clinically effective. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Activation of endothelial cells via antibody-enhanced dengue virus infection of peripheral blood monocytes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Early after infection, infected cells repulse some superinfecting extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) particles by the formation of actin tails from the cell surface, thereby causing accelerated spread to uninfected cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Oncolytic virotherapy for cancer treatment utilizes naturally occurring or engineered viruses for selective infection and cancer cell death without any adverse effect on normal cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • In addition to its vaccine for EBOV, GeoVax is also developing preventive vaccines for other hemorrhagic fever viruses highly lethal to humans. (gabio.org)
  • David Dodd, GeoVax President and CEO, commented, "While our corporate focus and development priorities continue to be our COVID-19 vaccine and cancer immunotherapy programs, developing vaccines against lethal hemorrhagic fever viruses is also of interest and under consideration as part of our longer-term focus. (gabio.org)
  • The MVA-VLP derived vaccines can elicit durable immune responses in the host similar to a live-attenuated virus, while providing the safety characteristics of a replication-defective vector. (gabio.org)
  • Additional research and development programs include preventive vaccines against Zika Virus, hemorrhagic fever viruses (Ebola, Sudan, Marburg, and Lassa) and malaria, as well as immunotherapies for multiple solid tumors. (raiseworthy.com)
  • As a member of the Orthopoxvirus family, cowpox is a large double-stranded DNA virus that replicates in cell cytoplasm. (medscape.com)
  • All the viruses depicted here, are members of the family of viruses known as Poxviridae . (cdc.gov)
  • Note the common morphology of the various Poxviridae members, exhibited in their overall, brick-shaped structure, though the parapoxvirus virus tends to be more ovoid. (cdc.gov)
  • These viruses, which belong to the family Poxviridae, are a broad group of morphologically identical DNA viruses that share a nucleocapsid protein . (microbiologynote.com)
  • Vaccinia virus, a member of the Poxviridae family, has been extensively used as an oncolytic agent and has entered late stage clinical development. (oncotarget.com)
  • Poxviridae are linear, double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm. (medscape.com)
  • Adeno-associated virus ( AAV) vectors for the delivery of broadly neutralizing antibodies. (nih.gov)
  • CEV induces the formation of actin tails that drive CEV particles away from the cell and is important for cell-to-cell spread. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The murine leukemia viruses are group/type VI retroviruses belonging to the gammaretroviral genus of the Retroviridae family. (wikipedia.org)
  • The virus appears to be limited to the genus Vaccinium in natural settings, with some species remaining symptomless. (dpvweb.net)
  • Characterization and Treatment of Cidofovir-Resistant Vaccinia (WR Str" by Donald F. Smee, M. K. Wandersee et al. (usu.edu)
  • Johnson L., Gaupa A. K., Ghafoor A., Akin Demir, Bashir R. Characterization of vaccinia virus particles using microscale silicon cantilever resonators and atomic force microscopy // Sens. (sgu.ru)
  • Characterization of virus particles is typically performed using higher resolution approaches such as electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy. (utmb.edu)
  • This study aims to compare the efficacy of oncolytic vaccinia viruses harboring Tachypleus tridentatus lectin (oncoVV-TTL), Aphrocallistes vastus lectin (oncoVV-AVL), white-spotted charr lectin (oncoVV-WCL), and Asterina pectinifera lectin (oncoVV-APL) in breast cancer cells (BC). (mdpi.com)
  • Numerous tumor cell lines were infected with ten non-vaccinia poxviruses to identify which virus displayed the most potential as an oncolytic agent. (oncotarget.com)
  • To investigate further the oncolytic capacity of the Raccoonpox virus, we have generated a thymidine kinase (TK)-deleted recombinant Raccoonpox virus expressing the suicide gene FCU1 . (oncotarget.com)
  • The results demonstrated significant antitumoral activity of this new modified Raccoonpox virus armed with FCU1 and this virus could be considered to be included into the growing armamentarium of oncolytic virotherapy for cancer. (oncotarget.com)
  • Process intensification strategies toward cell culture‐based high‐yield production of a fusogenic oncolytic virus. (mpg.de)
  • Cell-line screening and process development for a fusogenic oncolytic virus in small-scale suspension cultures. (mpg.de)
  • A vaccinia virus-driven interplay between the MKK4/7-JNK1/2 pathway and cytoskeleton reorganization," Journal of Virology , vol. 86, no. 1. (ista.ac.at)
  • Additionally, GeoVax's vaccine against Lassa Fever virus (LASV) is progressing in preclinical studies with funding support from the U.S. Department of Defense. (gabio.org)
  • abstract = "Light microscopy is a powerful tool in the detection and analysis of parasites, fungi, and pro-karyotes, but has been challenging to use for the detection of individual virus particles. (utmb.edu)
  • Immature particles are released from the cell with the help of cellular "ESCRT" machinery and then they undergo maturation as the viral protease cleaves the polyproteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • The formation of intracellular prM/E heterodimers occurs rapidly after translation and is believed to be important for the assembly and secretion of immature virus particles. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The scaffold seen in immature poxviruses is of particular interest to scientists, as the structure differs from the protein coats typically seen in viruses. (oist.jp)
  • The resistant virus produced 300-fold fewer infectious particles (PFU) than WT and WTp15 viruses in mouse C127I cells, yet replicated similarly in Vero (monkey) cells. (usu.edu)
  • Strikingly, the technology allows the clear identification of filamentous infectious ebolavirus particles and virus-like particles. (utmb.edu)
  • After new viral particles are assembled, the host cell lyses, releasing infectious virus, which can enter surrounding cells. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] The virus is believed to be acquired by direct contact with an infected animal, most often a cat in the case of humans, with lesions occurring where the virus gains access through broken skin. (medscape.com)
  • All the recombinant viruses replicated at levels similar to those seen with parental NDV in embryonated chicken eggs and in chicken fibroblast cells. (duke.edu)
  • The three resulting recombinant viruses were used to infect tumor cells in cultures and human tumor xenografts in nude mice. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • By inoculating vesicular fluid onto the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chick embryos, viruses are isolated. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Using Violet/UV illumination, the SP-IRIS technique is able to detect individual flavivirus particles (~40 nm), while green light illumination is capable of identifying and discriminating between vesicular stomatitis virus and vaccinia virus (~360 nm). (utmb.edu)
  • The Friend virus (FV) is a strain of murine leukemia virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nucleotide sequence of 21·8 kbp of variola major virus strain Harvey and comparison with vaccinia virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The wild-type (WT) vaccinia (WR strain) virus is highly virulent to mice by intranasal inoculation, yet death can be prevented by cidofovir treatment. (usu.edu)
  • UNLABELLED: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) avirulent strain LaSota was used to coexpress gp160 Env and p55 Gag from a single vector to enhance both Env-specific and Gag-specific immune responses. (duke.edu)
  • Here we developed novel replicating poxvirus NYVACbased HIV/AIDS vaccine candidates expressing clade C HIV-1 antigens, with one of them lacking the vaccinia virus B19 protein, an inhibitor of the type I interferon response. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Vaccinia virus produces four different types of virion from each infected cell called intracellular mature virus (IMV), intracellular enveloped virus (IEV), cell-associated enveloped virus (CEV) and extracellular enveloped virus (EEV). (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • if, in addition, the cells are also infected with vaccinia virus that expresses protein lambda 2, particles are formed that also possess the characteristic icosahedrally located projections/spikes that are present on reovirus cores. (duke.edu)
  • If, in either case, the cells are also infected with vaccinia virus that expresses the reovirus RNA polymerase, protein lambda 3, the resultant particles are morphologically identical with those formed in its absence, but also contain protein lambda 3. (duke.edu)
  • Among the latter MLVs are amphotropic viruses (Gr. amphos, "both") that can infect both mouse cells and cells of other animal species. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mode of entry of vaccinia virus into L cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • High cell density cultivations by alternating tangential flow (ATF) perfusion for influenza A virus production using suspension cells. (probiogen.de)
  • Live attenuated influenza viruses produced in a suspension process with avian AGE1.CR.pIX cells. (probiogen.de)
  • Phase 2 Trials - GEO-CM04S1 - GEO-CM04S1 is being studied in a Phase 2 clinical trial (NCT04977024) as a primary vaccine for immunocompromised cancer patients who have difficulty producing antibodies and largely depend on T cells to protect against the virus responsible for COVID-19. (geovax.com)
  • Although the formation of intracellular mature virus (IMV) was not affected in MKK4/7- or JNK1/2-knockout (KO) cells, we did note an accentuated deregulation of microtubule and actin network organization in infected JNK1/2-KO cells. (ista.ac.at)
  • and foreign particles by phagocytic cells (PHAGOCYTES). (lookformedical.com)
  • Thus, the lack of virulence of the resistant virus in the animal model is explained partly by its reduced ability to replicate in mouse cells and by attenuation occurring as a result of extensive cell culturing (inferred from what occurred with the WTp15 virus). (usu.edu)
  • Viruses such as variola and vaccinia can be cultivated in tissue cultures of monkey kidney, HeLa, and chicken embryo cells. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Expression of cloned envelope protein genes from the flavivirus tick-borne encephalitis virus in mammalian cells and random mutagenesis by PCR. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Our previous studies demonstrated that arming vaccinia viruses with marine lectins enhanced the antitumor efficacy in several cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
  • A facile protocol for the immobilisation of vesicles, virus particles, bacteria, and yeast cells. (mpg.de)
  • hMPXV is a 200 to 250 nm large, brick shaped, enveloped, cytoplasmic virus that binds to glycosaminoglycans to enter the host cells. (ina-respond.net)
  • As an enveloped virus, it has been postulated to alternatively employ the classical apoptotic mimicry mechanism for entry in the host cells. (ina-respond.net)
  • This TK-deleted Raccoonpox virus was notably attenuated in normal primary cells but replicated efficiently in numerous tumor cell lines. (oncotarget.com)
  • Its potency to preferentially infect and kill cancer cells has been proven for many years and advanced clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate this virus in human [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • In addition, cowpox virus has been shown to inhibit intracellular transport of major histocompatibility class I molecules, allowing it to evade cytotoxic T cells. (medscape.com)
  • When mouse L fibroblasts are infected with various combinations of recombinant vaccinia viruses possessing thymidine kinase (TK) genes with inserted reovirus genes that encode core components, particles are formed that closely resemble reovirus cores. (duke.edu)
  • Immunohistochemically, strong positivity with anti-Vaccinia virus antibody was seen in the cytoplasm of ballooned keratinocytes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Immunohistochemical positivity for Vaccinia virus was mostly detected in the cytoplasm of the ballooned keratinocytes. (bvsalud.org)
  • This system could be involved in virus entry into the cytoplasm. (virology.ws)
  • There are no genes for tRNAs - different from all known giant viruses. (virology.ws)
  • The BsV mobilome might be involved in competition with related viruses, by inactivating essential genes. (virology.ws)
  • While most viruses have regular and symmetrical structures, poxvirus scaffolds have roughly spherical honeycomb lattices, which vary in shape between each viral particle. (oist.jp)
  • Continuous influenza virus production in cell culture shows a periodic accumulation of defective interfering particles. (probiogen.de)
  • Poxviruses are the largest and most complicated viruses found in people, animals, birds, and insects. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Researchers at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) have revealed how poxviruses build their scaffold - a temporary protein coat that forms and disappears as the virus matures. (oist.jp)
  • Researchers now use the Vaccinia virus as a model for all poxviruses. (oist.jp)
  • Also, numerous other poxviruses still infect humans and livestock, so further research into how these viruses replicate is essential. (oist.jp)
  • Raccoonpox virus was the most potent of the tested poxviruses and was highly effective in controlling cell growth in all tumor cell lines. (oncotarget.com)
  • The production of several different virus particles in the VV replication cycle represents a coordinated strategy to exploit cell biology to promote virus spread and to aid virus evasion of antibody and complement. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Impaired antiviral response of adenovirus-transformed cell lines supports virus replication. (probiogen.de)
  • Mutations encoding basic (Arg), non-polar (Leu and Pro) and uncharged polar (Asn, Gln and Tyr) amino acids at M39 were introduced into a DENV-2 genomic-length cDNA clone and their effects on virus replication were examined. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • However, the mutations that abolished virus replication prevented secretion of prM/E complexes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • If the scaffold can't form, then replication of the virus stops. (oist.jp)
  • Among these targets, ACE2 was recognized as the main SARS-CoV-2 receptor, expressed at a low/moderate level in the human respiratory system, which is also involved in SARS-CoV-2 entrance, so the virus may utilize other secondary receptors. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Cell entry by measles virus: long hybrid receptors uncouple binding from membrane fusion. (1library.net)
  • Despite their importance, a comprehensive understanding of EVs is challenged by the complex networks of virus-host and virus-virus interactions that underlie their morphogenesis and function. (hhs.gov)
  • The virus infects squirrel, rat, and shrew species in at least 10 countries in West and Central Africa and occasionally jumps into the human population. (ina-respond.net)
  • The different families of viruses can be distinguished morphologically by transmission electron microscopy (EM) and this allows for diagnosis to the level of the family. (cdc.gov)
  • The virus was believed to have first affected the South American giant anteaters before spreading to various species of apes and monkeys. (ina-respond.net)
  • The virus occurs in Vaccinium species in North America and Europe. (dpvweb.net)
  • It has been detected in several Vaccinium species native to the Cascade Mountains of western USA and caused symptoms similar to those observed in highbush blueberry. (dpvweb.net)
  • together with the diversity of strains reported from that region suggests the virus may have originated in native Vaccinium species in British Columbia. (dpvweb.net)
  • Since then, many other giant viruses have been identified, and with three exceptions, they all appear to infect species of Acanthamoeba . (virology.ws)
  • Importantly, we observed that loss of N-myristoylation resulted in greatly reduced infectivity of assembled mature virus particles, characterized by significantly reduced host cell entry and a decline in membrane fusion activity of progeny virus. (cdc.gov)
  • Cidofovir inhibited WT, WTp15, and CDV-R viruses by 50% at 61, 56 and 790 μM, respectively, in plaque reduction assays, with similar inhibition seen in virus yield studies. (usu.edu)
  • In human colon cancer xenograft model, a single intratumoral inoculation of the recombinant Raccoonpox virus, in combination with 5-fluorocytosine administration, produced relevant tumor growth control. (oncotarget.com)
  • The subfamily Chordopoxvirinae encompasses viruses that infect vertebrate hosts and consists of eight genera, at least four of which cause human illness. (microbiologynote.com)
  • In a new paper in Analytical Biochemistry , Rick Page of Miami University in Ohio devised a fluorescence dequenching-based assay for tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease to quickly quantify TEV protease activity and mitigate the poor activity associated with inadequate TEV protease preparation. (sbgrid.org)
  • Dissociation of progeny vaccinia virus from the cell membrane is regulated by a viral envelope glycoprotein: effect of a point mutation in the lectin homology domain of the A34R gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Anti-Ebola virus glycoprotein (EBOV GP) binding and neutralising antibodies were measured at baseline and at predefined time points throughout the study. (plos.org)
  • The genomes of exogenous and endogenous murine leukemia viruses have been fully sequenced. (wikipedia.org)
  • Different strains of mice may have different numbers of endogenous retroviruses, and new viruses may arise as the result of recombination of endogenous sequences. (wikipedia.org)
  • A cidofovir-resistant (CDV-R) mutant of the virus was developed by 15 Vero cell culture passages in order to determine cross-resistance to other inhibitors, growth characteristics, virulence in infected mice, and suitability of the animal model for studying antiviral therapies. (usu.edu)
  • The CDV-R virus was completely attenuated for virulence at 107 PFU per mouse in normal BALB/c mice and in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. (usu.edu)
  • The WTp15 virus was 100-fold less virulent than WT virus in BALB/c mice. (usu.edu)
  • Lung and snout virus titre reduction parameters were used to assess antiviral activity of compounds in BALB/c mice infected intranasally with the CDV-R virus. (usu.edu)
  • rNDV-Gag/Env and rNDV-Env/Gag were also more efficient in inducing cellular as well as protective immune responses to challenge with vaccinia viruses expressing HIV-1 Env and Gag in mice. (duke.edu)
  • GeoVax has demonstrated that a single intramuscular (IM) dose of its vaccine candidate, GEO-EM01, provided 100% protection in rhesus macaques challenged with a lethal dose of Ebola virus (EBOV). (gabio.org)
  • Background: Ebola Virus causes disease both in human and non-human primatesespecially in developing countries. (bvsalud.org)
  • Materials and Methods:We studied the spread of Ebola virus and obtained a system of equations comprising of eighteen equations which completely described the transmission of Ebola Virus ina population where control measures were incorporated and a major source of contacting the disease which is the traditional washing of dead bodies was also incorporated. (bvsalud.org)
  • Parapoxviruses are viruses of ungulates that can occasionally cause illnesses in humans. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Nipah virus (NiV) causes a highly lethal disease in humans who present with acute respiratory or neurological signs. (cdc.gov)
  • Propagation of viruses infecting waterfowl on continuous cell lines of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) origin. (probiogen.de)
  • New avian suspension cell lines provide production of influenza virus and MVA in serum-free media: studies on growth, metabolism and virus propagation. (probiogen.de)