• Th1 responses, measured by IFN-γ ELISA, were considered antigen-specific if IFN-γ production was at least twice that of irrelevant control. (bmj.com)
  • In addition, ITI-3000 induced changes in the tumor microenvironment, including increased numbers of CD4 and CD8 T cells, reduced frequency of myeloid cells, and enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine production. (biospace.com)
  • This is due to the fact that even once tumor-antigen specific T cells are generated via vaccination, these T cells might not be effective in clearing the tumor because of the multiple inhibitor-mechanisms that are present in the tumor microenvironment. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Local administration or OV mediated-expression of ligands for Toll-like receptors can rescue the function of tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells inhibited by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and thus enhances the antitumor effect. (biomedcentral.com)
  • On the biological side, I am interested in tumor heterogeneity and characteristics, such as tumor microenvironment, gene expression, mutational landscape, immune infiltration. (unil.ch)
  • To achieve tumor activation, a portion of a target tumor is lysed to generate immunogenic cell death and the release of Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) and tumor antigens, changing the tumor microenvironment by creating an in situ vaccine. (renmab.com)
  • Here, we describe for the first time a streamlined pipeline for the generation of personalized cancer vaccines starting from the isolation and selection of the most immunogenic peptide candidates expressed on the tumor cells and ending in the generation of efficient therapeutic oncolytic cancer vaccines. (elifesciences.org)
  • 8000 peptide targets from the CT26 tumor cell line. (elifesciences.org)
  • These results confirmed the feasibility of applying the described pipeline for the selection of peptide candidates and generation of therapeutic oncolytic cancer vaccine, filling a gap in the field of cancer immunotherapy, and paving the way to translate our pipeline into human therapeutic approach. (elifesciences.org)
  • To achieve this, HER3 ECD-specific CD4 Th1 were sequentially restimulated against 10-peptide clusters, narrowed to 3-peptide clusters, and ultimately to single immunogenic HER3 peptides. (bmj.com)
  • DC1 pulsed with an overlapping tumor antigen-derived peptide library can identify promiscuous class II peptides for CD4 T cell vaccine development. (bmj.com)
  • We have a more detailed understanding of T-cell-antigen recognition and the character of peptide fragments presented in MHC molecules. (iths.org)
  • At the conference, Dr. Zamarin presented data from a phase II trial at Memorial Sloan Kettering, of a peptide vaccine called TPIV-200 in combination with durvalumab, an anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor antibody, in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Can you first describe this peptide vaccine, what it targets, and the rationale for its use as a therapy for advanced ovarian cancer? (cancernetwork.com)
  • For instance, a peptide/CpG-based cancer vaccine has been evaluated in several clinical trials and was shown in pre-clinical studies to favor the expansion of effector T versus Tregs cells, resulting in a potent antitumor activity, as compared to other TLR ligands. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Activation and tumor targeting of iNKT cells via recombinant α-galactosylceramide (αGC)-loaded CD1d-anti-HER2 fusion protein (CD1d-antitumor) is combined or not with OVA peptide/CpG vaccine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 or adjusting E2F1 levels qualitatively altered the repertoire of lncRNA-derived peptide antigens displayed by tumour cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Peptide vaccines possess immunological and financial advantages as cancers vaccines because CTL epitope peptides from tumor-associated antigens possess high antigen-specificity. (monossabios.com)
  • The magnitude of immune responses generated by optimized polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccines was similar to that of synthetic long peptide vaccines specific for the same neoantigens. (wustl.edu)
  • Besides the isolation and identification of major histocompatibility complex I-restricted peptides from the surface of cancer cells, one of the challenges is eliciting an effective antitumor CD8+ T-cell-mediated response as part of therapeutic cancer vaccine. (elifesciences.org)
  • Therefore, the establishment of a solid pipeline for the downstream selection of clinically relevant peptides and the subsequent creation of therapeutic cancer vaccines are of utmost importance. (elifesciences.org)
  • Indeed, the use of peptides for eliciting specific antitumor adaptive immunity is hindered by two main limitations: the efficient selection of the most optimal candidate peptides and the use of a highly immunogenic platform to combine with the peptides to induce effective tumor-specific adaptive immune responses. (elifesciences.org)
  • These peptides were then tested in our previously described oncolytic cancer vaccine platform PeptiCRAd, a vaccine platform that combines an immunogenic oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) coated with tumor antigen peptides. (elifesciences.org)
  • Using the extracellular domain (ECD) of HER3 as a candidate "oncodriver" tumor antigen, we sought to identify immunogenic HER3 peptides that demonstrate Class II promiscuity and generate anti-HER3 CD4 immunity for inclusion in vaccine development. (bmj.com)
  • Four immunogenic peptides - HER3(51-75), HER3(402-417), HER3(417-432), HER3(451-465) - were reproducibly identified and promiscuous across HLA-DR, DP, and DQ subtypes. (bmj.com)
  • When Th1 cells from 4 non-HER3 reactive donors were sensitized using DC1s pulsed with the four identified HER3 peptides, and subsequently challenged to recognize HER3 ECD-pulsed iDCs, all donors demonstrated successful sensitization not only to individual immunogenic HER3 peptides, but also recognized native HER3-ECD. (bmj.com)
  • In this study, immunogenic HER3 CD4 peptides effectively overcome immune tolerance to self-tumor antigens. (bmj.com)
  • Utilization of these HER3 CD4 peptides in vaccine construction warrants investigation in patients harboring HER3-overexpressing cancers. (bmj.com)
  • These therapeutic methods, including but not limited to oncolytic virus therapies, T-cell therapies and cancer vaccines, are based on the body's ability to recognize mutated antigen peptides presented on the cell surface by MCH-receptors (also known as HLA-receptors in humans) and the disposal of the malignant cells by cytotoxic T-cells. (helsinki.fi)
  • Thus, the capability to map the individual HLA-presented peptidome and differentiate the immunogenic peptides is a foundation for this plethora of therapies and is in focus of ongoing research. (helsinki.fi)
  • 3. Feasibility of in silico methods in the prediction of immunogenic peptides was explored. (helsinki.fi)
  • In silico methods were successfully used to characterize previously identified HLA-restricted peptides and one previously identified immunogenic T-cell epitope. (helsinki.fi)
  • In this case, the vaccine is called TPIV-200 and is composed of five long peptides that each target different regions of the folate receptor alpha. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Those specific peptides were previously identified to elicit T-cell responses in breast and ovarian cancer patients that were vaccinated with this product. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Long non-coding RNA-derived peptides are immunogenic and drive a potent anti-tumour response. (ox.ac.uk)
  • When presented to the immune system as either ex vivo-loaded dendritic cells or expressed from a viral vector, lncRNA-derived peptides drove a potent antigen-specific CD8 T lymphocyte response, which translated into a significant delay in tumour growth. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Thus, lncRNA genes encode immunogenic peptides that can be deployed as a cancer vaccine. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Nevertheless cancer vaccines experienced limited efficiency in clinical replies because of the capability of cancers cells to "get away" from cancers immunity and a minimal performance of antigen-specific CTL induction because of immunogenic-free artificial peptides. (monossabios.com)
  • Background Neoantigens, new immunogenic sequences arising from tumor mutations, have been associated with response to immunotherapy and are considered potential targets for vaccination. (unav.edu)
  • ITI's UNITE platform could potentially have broad therapeutic applications in oncology, including viral antigens, cancer antigens, neoantigens, and antigen-derived antibodies as biologics. (biospace.com)
  • The main goal of my project is to understand how to best prioritize mutated and non-mutated neoantigens for the development of personalized therapies such as vaccines for patients relapsing during immune checkpoint blockade. (unil.ch)
  • This novel strategy can potentiate the recognition of cancer-associated/-specific neoantigens from source-limited biopsies and the development of individualized cancer vaccines. (unil.ch)
  • Background: Preclinical studies and early clinical trials have shown that targeting cancer neoantigens is a promising approach towards the development of personalized cancer immunotherapies. (wustl.edu)
  • DNA vaccines can be rapidly and efficiently manufactured and can integrate multiple neoantigens simultaneously. (wustl.edu)
  • Methods: We developed and optimized a DNA vaccine platform to target multiple neoantigens. (wustl.edu)
  • We then identified neoantigens in preclinical breast cancer models through genome sequencing and in silico neoantigen prediction pipelines. (wustl.edu)
  • Conclusions: We have developed and optimized a novel polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccine platform that can target multiple neoantigens and induce antitumor immune responses in preclinical models and neoantigen-specific responses in clinical translation. (wustl.edu)
  • NEC's proprietary machine learning algorithms are built upon decades of AI expertise, enabling us to prioritize and map the most immunogenic neoantigens on personalized vaccine blueprints. (nec.com)
  • Nevertheless, the 5-year survival rate for nonmetastatic MIBC patients (75% of newly diagnosed bladder cancer) is only 36% - 48% after first-line treatment, while the 5-year relative survival is 5% - 36% in metastatic MIBC ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Even though cancer treatment modalities have improved during last decades, there is still lack of specific, efficient and curative treatments especially in case of advanced and metastatic cancers. (helsinki.fi)
  • Stage III lung cancer, though heterogeneous in its classification, includes non-metastatic but locally advanced disease with involvement of N1-N3 nodal stations and/or T3 and T4 primaries. (frontiersin.org)
  • Presently, stage III lung cancer is managed with a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and sometimes surgery but the two major challenges in improving outcomes of the treatment of this disease remain local control and metastatic spread. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the metastatic setting, it has been reported that 80% or more of these tumors express folate receptor alpha. (cancernetwork.com)
  • The antitumor immunity helps eliminate the uninfected cancer cells in primary and metastatic nodules, and enforce micrometastases in dormant state. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study we tested BORIS as a vaccine in a very aggressive, highly metastatic, and poorly immunogenic murine model of mammary carcinoma. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We also tested an optimized polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccine in a patient with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. (wustl.edu)
  • Immune monitoring data suggest that optimized polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccines are capable of inducing neoantigen-specific T cell responses in a patient with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. (wustl.edu)
  • Syncromune® is developing SYNC-T™, a disruptive personalized in situ platform drug immunotherapy designed to educate T cells and stimulate the immune system to treat metastatic solid tumors where other therapies have failed. (renmab.com)
  • As such, successful incorporation of CD4 epitopes into cancer vaccine construction and generation of durable antigen-specific CD4 immunity remains a challenge. (bmj.com)
  • Th1 sensitization was initially performed in 5 breast cancer patients with known anti-HER3 reactivity in order to identify single immunogenic HER3 CD4 epitopes. (bmj.com)
  • Additionally, these results represent a novel strategy to rapidly and reproducibly identify class II-promiscuous immunogenic CD4 epitopes from any tumor antigen for cancer immunotherapy using a DC1-Th1 platform. (bmj.com)
  • In this study, we comprehensively screened HLA-A2 restricted MAGE-A3 tumor epitopes and characterized the corresponding TCRs using in vitro artificial antigen presentation cells (APC) system, single-cell transcriptome and TCR V(D)J sequencing, and machine-learning. (thno.org)
  • However, except for virus-induced cancers, tumor antigens are mostly self or near-self protein epitopes that are often poorly immunogenic and submitted to central and peripheral tolerance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore usage of the hepatitis B primary particle where tumor-antigen epitopes are established has consistently been proven to induce solid CTL replies without the usage of an adjuvant. (monossabios.com)
  • Results: Our data support an optimized polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccine design encoding long (≥20-mer) epitopes with a mutant form of ubiquitin (Ub mut ) fused to the N-terminus for antigen processing and presentation. (wustl.edu)
  • Development and validation of clinically applicable protocols for the identification of tumour-specific immunogenic neo-epitopes to be exploited in personalised vaccination approaches. (edu.au)
  • Our results indicate that gemcitabine is a suitable combination therapy with vaccines aimed at enhancing PD-1 therapies by targeting vaccine-induced immunosuppressive DC. (unav.edu)
  • The human immune system can provide a powerful tool in developing therapies against various cancers. (helsinki.fi)
  • Even though the idea of an immune system actively searching for and disposing of potential mutated tumor cells is over a century old, only recent developments in various fields such as mass spectrometry, immuno-checkpoint blockade strategies and in silico modelling have enabled the realization of the full potential of recruiting immune system to fight cancer and the possibilities of personalized therapies. (helsinki.fi)
  • In summary, our data confirms this antigen as promising target for T cell based therapies. (oncotarget.com)
  • In recent years, prion protein (PrP(C)) has been considered as a promising target molecule for cancer therapies, due its direct or indirect participation in tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to cell death induced by chemotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
  • OVs provide a number of potential advantages as cancer vaccines over conventional therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Melanoma is a skin cancer with permanently increasing incidence and resistance to therapies in advanced stages. (mdpi.com)
  • Unlike alternative ablative therapies, electroporation does not affect the structural integrity of surrounding tissue, thereby enabling tumors in the vicinity of vital structures to be treated. (rsna.org)
  • For this purpose, I use different omics layers to identify antigens which can be translated into potential cancer vaccines or cell therapies. (unil.ch)
  • Additionally, I am working with clinical samples to design of cancer therapies. (unil.ch)
  • Thus, monocyte depletion by gemcitabine administration reduced the generation of these DC and increased vaccine-induced immunity, which rejected about 20% of LLC-OVA and B16-OVA tumors, which are non-responders to anti-PD-1. (unav.edu)
  • Although cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes (CTL) were historically considered primary effectors of antitumor immunity, solely boosting CTL responses with CD8 vaccines in various tumor types has yielded unpredictable clinical results, possibly because CTLs function suboptimally without adequate CD4 T lymphocyte help. (bmj.com)
  • Reported trials of cancer immunotherapy, including vaccines, are demonstrating the ability to elicit detectable tumor specific immunity in cancer patients. (iths.org)
  • In addition, spontaneous immunity against the folate receptor alpha has been previously reported in breast and ovarian cancer patients which suggests that this target can actually be immunogenic. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Multimodal immunogenic cell death (ICD) together with autophagy often induced by OVs not only presents potent danger signals to dendritic cells but also efficiently cross-present tumor-associated antigens from cancer cells to dendritic cells to T cells to induce adaptive antitumor immunity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • OVs armed with GM-CSF (such as T-VEC and Pexa-Vec) or other immunostimulatory genes, induce potent anti-tumor immunity in both animal models and human patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Coadministration with a HDAC inhibitor inhibits innate immunity transiently to promote infection and spread of OVs, and significantly enhances anti-tumor immunity and improves the therapeutic index. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to boost the natural immunity against transformed cancer cells, and a series of adjuvants and co-stimulatory molecules have been proposed to enhance the immune response against weak self-antigens expressed on cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since appearance and cloning options for AZ-960 tumor-associated antigens have already been reported cancers vaccines that creates effective cell immunity could AZ-960 be appealing healing applicants but Th2 cells are unwanted for make use of in cancers immunotherapy. (monossabios.com)
  • Hence nanoparticles might provide a fresh prophylactic technique for infectious disease and healing AZ-960 approaches for cancers via the induction of T-cell immunity. (monossabios.com)
  • Purpose: Broadly expressed, highly differentiated tumor-associated antigens (TAA) can elicit anti-tumor immunity. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • When combined with immune checkpoint blockade therapy, optimized polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccines were capable of inducing antitumor immunity in preclinical models. (wustl.edu)
  • Cancer vaccines were initially comprised of tumour associated antigens (TAAs), but since these were poorly immunogenic, they were replaced with dendritic cell (DC) vaccines loaded with TAAs (adopted because DC prime naive T cells). (ucl.ac.uk)
  • This review summarizes the use of high-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs) in clinical oncology to treat solid tumors with irreversible electroporation (IRE) and electrochemotherapy (ECT). (rsna.org)
  • Perspectives of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte treatment in solid tumors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • TIMER was used to evaluate the connection between candidate antigens and infiltration of antigen-presenting cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • This improved efficacy was associated with higher tumor T-cell infiltration and overexpression of PD-1/PD-L1. (unav.edu)
  • In preclinical studies, ITI-4000, a DNA vaccine targeting EBNA1, demonstrated robust activation of anti-tumor CD4 and CD8 T cells in vivo and promoted tumor infiltration with activated TNFα-producing CD8 T cells. (biospace.com)
  • Reports of spontaneous regression and tumour infiltration with T-lymphocytes makes melanoma candidate for immunotherapies. (mdpi.com)
  • Viral vectors encoding TAAs are promising vaccine candidates because they can infect antigen presenting cells (APCs) in vivo they may also signal "danger" to the immune system through pathogen recognition pathways. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • However, vaccines targeting TAAs have demonstrated disappointing clinical results, reflecting poor antigen selection and/or immunosuppressive mechanisms. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Through tumor cell purification and sequencing, novel candidate TAAs have been identified for future immunotherapeutic targeting. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • TAAs) with high specificity to tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Concomitant use of interferon enhances the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and TAAs on tumor cells, thereby augmenting the killing of tumor cells by the infused effector cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Co-stimulatory molecules are presenting along with the antigen by APCs to induce an aggressive response by the T-cells. (oncolink.org)
  • The contention that cancers are immunogenic is still being debated: one view states that cancers evolve to evade immune surveillance, while the other claims that cancers actively induce tolerance. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, by in vitro priming of human CD8+ T cells derived from a healthy donor recognizing CXorf61 66-74 we were able to induce a strong antigen-specific immune response and clone a human TCR recognizing this epitope. (oncotarget.com)
  • Furthermore OMLs with an encased antigen can induce antigen-specific CTLs from peripheral bloodstream mononuclear cells extracted from sufferers. (monossabios.com)
  • It has been previously tested for immunogenicity in breast and ovarian cancer patients. (cancernetwork.com)
  • These vesicles could be prepared in a variety of ways which might have an effect on the immunogenicity from the encapsulated antigens.20 Efficient delivery of antigens to immune cells could be facilitated by agents that bind selectively to molecular set ups on the top of targeted cells. (monossabios.com)
  • Candidate TAA protein expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and pre-existing T cell immunogenicity towards these antigens tested. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Cancer testis (CT) antigens are promising candidates for tumor vaccines due to their immunogenicity and tissue-restricted expression. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Optimized polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccines specific for the murine breast tumor E0771 and 4T1 were designed and their immunogenicity was tested in vivo. (wustl.edu)
  • TSE: 6701), a leader in IT, network and AI technologies, today announce positive preliminary immunogenicity and clinical data on TG4050, their jointly developed individualized neoantigen cancer vaccine. (nec.com)
  • The safety profile and early immunogenicity data against multiple patient-specific tumor targets in the first patients is a testimony of TG4050's potential and of the complementary synergies between the two companies. (nec.com)
  • Vaccination using optimized strategies may increase response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in some tumors. (unav.edu)
  • To enhance vaccine potency and improve thus responses to ICI, we analyzed the gene expression profile of an immunosuppressive dendritic cell (DC) population induced during vaccination, with the goal of identifying druggable inhibitory mechanisms. (unav.edu)
  • Vaccination with LTS220A-UNITE (ITI-3000) induced antigen-specific CD4 Th1 cells that was associated with delayed tumor growth and enhanced survival in treated mice in both the prophylactic and therapeutic settings. (biospace.com)
  • Overall, the findings suggested that folate receptor alpha is an attractive target for vaccination and generated the rationale for this vaccine. (cancernetwork.com)
  • And in that that study, which was published in Clinical Cancer Research a few months ago, vaccination had elicited T-cell responses in virtually every single patient that received the product. (cancernetwork.com)
  • This is the first report demonstrating the feasibility of vaccination with a cancer associated epigenetic regulator for the induction of tumor inhibition. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We believe this establishes the potential role of TG4050 as a new approach for individualized cancer vaccination. (nec.com)
  • Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify key genes for mRNA vaccines. (frontiersin.org)
  • RNAseq studies revealed targetable genes, but their inhibition did not result in improved vaccines. (unav.edu)
  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is any breast cancer that does not express the genes for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Her2/neu [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • tumor cell purification was essential to reveal these genes. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Interestingly, BORIS induces demethylation and subsequent expression of many cancer-testis genes, including MAGE-A1 and NY-ESO-1, indicating that it is expressed very early in malignancy and might be an attractive candidate for immunotherapy. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Genetic studies of the families at high risk for developing renal cancer led to the cloning of genes whose alteration results in tumor formation. (medscape.com)
  • These genes are either tumor suppressors (VHL, TSC) or oncogenes (MET). (medscape.com)
  • This presentation reports results of pre-clinical mouse studies of a cancer vaccine that promotes potent, antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses to MCPγV-LT. The majority of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC), a rare and highly aggressive type of neuroendocrine skin cancer, are associated with Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection. (biospace.com)
  • ROCKVILLE, Md.--( BUSINESS WIRE )-- Immunomic Therapeutics , Inc. will present data on its investigational nucleic acid platform, UNITE (UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression), that elicits potent immune responses and inhibits tumor growth when used with its investigational vaccine, ITI-4000, in mice. (biospace.com)
  • Preclinical data is currently being developed to explore whether LAMP nucleic acid constructs may amplify and activate the immune response in highly immunogenic tumor types and be used to create immune responses to tumor types that otherwise do not provoke an immune response. (biospace.com)
  • This is also a method of increasing the efficacy of cancer vaccines. (oncolink.org)
  • B16-OVA tumors benefited from a synergistic effect, reaching 75% of tumor rejection, but higher levels of exhausted T-cells in LLC-OVA tumors co-expressing PD-1, LAG3 and TIM3 precluded similar levels of efficacy. (unav.edu)
  • Conventional chemo- and radiation therapy have only limited efficacy in this cancer type underlining the urgent need for new treatment modalities. (oncotarget.com)
  • Studies with various vaccines in cancer to data have, unfortunately, demonstrated rather underwhelming efficacy results. (cancernetwork.com)
  • For example, the relative inefficiency of delivering OVs to tumor nodules, selective viral replication inside tumor nodules and spread to distant micrometastases limits its overall efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Altogether, our study in mice demonstrates that αGC/CD1d-antitumor fusion protein greatly increases the efficacy of a therapeutic CpG-based cancer vaccine, first as an adjuvant during T cell priming and second, as a therapeutic agent to redirect immune responses to the tumor site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The specificity, safety, and anti-cancer efficacy of YH002 have been evaluated in a comprehensive panel of pre-clinical studies. (renmab.com)
  • ACIP statements on individual vaccines or immune globulins should be consulted for more details on safety and efficacy and on the epidemiology of the diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • This immunopeptidomics-based pipeline was carefully validated in a murine colon tumor model CT26. (elifesciences.org)
  • Immunizations with a DNA encoding the mutant form of murine BORIS antigen (pmBORIS lacking DNA-binding function) significantly prolonged survival, and inhibited tumor growth in BALB/c mice inoculated with 4T1 cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • However, the use of equine and murine antisera as antilymphocyte or antithymocyte globulins and murine monoclonal antibodies for immunomodulation and cancer treatment has created a new group of medications that may cause serum sickness. (medscape.com)
  • [ 14 ] However, ATG, as well as other immunosuppressive foreign proteins, such as chimeric monoclonal antibodies that consist of murine-derived antigen-binding fragment (Fab) and human-derived crystallizable fragment (Fc) portions of antibodies, have been reported to be sufficiently immunogenic to cause serum sickness. (medscape.com)
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a moderately mutated tumor, where the neoantigen repertoire has not been investigated. (unav.edu)
  • We therefore sought to optimize the design of polyepitope DNA vaccines and test optimized polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccines in preclinical models and in clinical translation. (wustl.edu)
  • Optimized polyepitope neoantigen DNA vaccines were immunogenic and generated robust neoantigen-specific immune responses in mice. (wustl.edu)
  • In the trial, patients with high-risk resected stage IIIB/IIIC and IV melanoma were randomly allocated in a 2-to-1 ratio in a randomized phase 2 study to receive a neoantigen RNA lipid-encapsulated vaccine from Moderna with pembrolizumab , the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody, vs pembrolizumab alone. (medscape.com)
  • Second, perhaps more importantly, in melanoma, it's the first time that there's clear evidence of benefit in a randomized setting of a neoantigen vaccine approach. (medscape.com)
  • This would represent the first randomized study in which there is clear-cut benefit for a neoantigen approach to a vaccine strategy in patients with resected melanoma. (medscape.com)
  • This is Dr Jeffrey Weber, reporting on what I think is a very impactful and interesting press release from Moderna and Merck on a randomized phase 2 trial of a neoantigen vaccine with pembrolizumab vs pembrolizumab alone. (medscape.com)
  • Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) reinvigorates anti-tumor immune responses by disrupting co-inhibitory T-cell signaling, relapse frequently occurs after ICB treatment and acquired resistance often emergence after initial response [ 4 ]. (thno.org)
  • My thesis focused on studying the anti-tumor immune responses induced by concomitant chemoradiation in non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck cancer patients and in mouse tumor models. (unil.ch)
  • In addition, the vaccine includes GM-CSF as an adjuvant to stimulate dendritic cells. (cancernetwork.com)
  • This could be a game changer in that it opens the possibility for multiple potential randomized clinical trials in the adjuvant mode in patients with resected high-risk cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Finally, it does take 6-8 weeks to prepare the vaccine, so the adjuvant mode is the perfect scenario in which to test this concept. (medscape.com)
  • In several instances, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and myocarditis, the autoimmune disease can be induced experimentally by administering self-antigen in the presence of adjuvant (collagen, myelin basic protein, and cardiac myosin, respectively) ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • These tumor specific antigens are the result of mutations that cancer cells undergo, and in many cases that involve viral carcinogens, viral antigens. (oncolink.org)
  • The aim of this project was to assess their ability to deliver antigens to dendritic cells in vivo and to stimulate effective T cell responses. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • DC stably present antigen in vivo following vector immunisation. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • To activate antigen-specific CD4 T cells in vivo, the investigators utilized the nucleic acid vaccine platform, UNITE (UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression), which fuses a tumor-associated antigen with lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). (biospace.com)
  • The polyepitope DNA vaccine platform was first optimized using model antigens in vitro and in vivo. (wustl.edu)
  • Cancer vaccines exploiting the in vivo delivery of tumour specific (neo-)antigens to cross-presenting dendritic cells to improve the immunotherapy for melanoma, breast cancer, lymphoma, glioblastoma and virus-driven tumours. (edu.au)
  • The immunosuppressive effects of steroid treatment vary, but many clinicians consider a dose equivalent to either 2 mg/kg of body weight or a total of 20 mg/day of prednisone as sufficiently immunosuppressive to raise concern about the safety of immunization with live-virus vaccines. (cdc.gov)
  • Adoptive cell therapy using engineered T-cell receptors (TCRs) targeting cancer-testis antigens, such as Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3), is a potential approach for the treatment of NSCLC. (thno.org)
  • Results: The most promising candidate for further development is DNAJB7 [DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B7], identified here as a novel cancer-testis antigen. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Recently, we identified a novel cancer testis gene, BORIS, whose expression is restricted to male testis after puberty and is strictly absent in non-malignant female tissue. (elsevierpure.com)
  • CTCF has been implicated in epigenetic regulation of imprinting, X chromosome inactivation, repression, and activation of cancer testis antigens. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Vaccines against non-viral cancers target mainly differentiation antigens, cancer testis antigens, and overexpressed antigens. (nih.gov)
  • One insight is the identification of tumor antigens (small proteins recognized as "foreign" by the immune system) that stimulate the T-cells of the immune system. (oncolink.org)
  • Cancer vaccines therefore, must stimulate a tumour specific response and break active tolerance mechanisms. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • The findings of this thesis are that: Directly injected lentivectors can stimulate CD4+ (and CD8+) T cell responses to their encoded antigen if it is targeted into the endocytic pathway. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • We now know that human tumors are immunogenic and have identified a variety of proteins that act as tumor antigens, i.e. stimulate an immune response. (iths.org)
  • The enhanced innate and adaptive immune responses result in higher tumor inhibition that correlates with increased numbers of OVA-specific CTLs at the tumor site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Antibody-mediated depletion experiments further demonstrate that in this context, CTLs rather than NK cells are essential for the enhanced tumor inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This may also provide oncologists with targets for vaccines against cancer cells. (oncolink.org)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Identify and validate new classes of tumour antigens that can constitute suitable targets for immunotherapy in various types of cancers. (edu.au)
  • At present, only a few areas of mRNA vaccine research have made progress, such as prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma and so on ( 8 - 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The resulting antitumor therapy is tested against established tumor grafts of B16 melanoma cells expressing human HER2 and ovalbumin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immunotherapy constitutes an effective treatment for patients with certain types of cancer that have been resistant to chemotherapy and radiation treatment (e.g. melanoma). (edu.au)
  • Jeffrey Weber, MD, PhD, is deputy director of the Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone Medical Center and co-director of its Melanoma Research Program. (medscape.com)
  • There are several vaccines available for COVID-19 patients that directly target SARS-CoV-2 by systemic immunization. (nih.gov)
  • Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies usually develop 7-14 days after immunization with the antigen. (medscape.com)
  • Other organizations, particularly the Expanded Programme on Immunization of the World Health Organization, have made different recommendations, particularly with respect to the use of oral polio vaccine (OPV) and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for immunocompromised persons. (cdc.gov)
  • As noted above, a more vigorous dendritic cell presentation of antigens could trigger the immune response by T-cells. (oncolink.org)
  • However, extremely strong immune responses have been generated using a "boost" to the immune system, provided by viruses that encode antigens similar to the target. (oncolink.org)
  • In fact, immature dendritic cells can actually cause the suppression of responses to antigen. (oncolink.org)
  • Standardization and development of reproducible and clinical grade immunologic assays to determine the magnitude of tumor specific immune responses generated in the context of clinical trials of cancer immunotherapy is an area of research in the TVG. (iths.org)
  • However, systematic analysis of T cell immune responses to MAGE-A3 antigen and corresponding antigen-specific TCR is still lacking. (thno.org)
  • CD154) is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of activated T cells, particularly on CD4 T cells, which stimulates CD40-dependent activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), resulting in enhancement of T cell and antibody responses. (biospace.com)
  • Immunomic Therapeutics, Inc. (ITI) is a privately-held, clinical stage biotechnology company pioneering the development of vaccines through its proprietary technology platform, UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression (UNITE), which is designed to utilize the body's natural biochemistry to develop vaccines that generate broad immune responses. (biospace.com)
  • We have recently shown that the vaccine formulation, and in particular the presence of the Toll-like Receptor (TLR) agonist CpG, can significantly promote the maturation of pro-inflammatory DCs, which favors Type I T cell responses while restricting the expansion of Tregs [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • My PhD and previous internships allowed me to acquire immunological knowledge about the monitoring of T cell responses in a tumor context. (unil.ch)
  • By exploiting the most advanced technologies (nanoparticle-based vaccines, neo-antigens identification and validation, etc.), suitable preclinical models, and investigation of anti-tumour immune responses in cancer patients, we are developing innovative strategies potentially able to improve current approaches. (edu.au)
  • Tumour neo-antigen-specific immune responses in oesophageal cancer long-term survivors: proof-of-concept for improved personalised therapeutic strategies. (edu.au)
  • Project aiming at characterizing the role of neo-antigen immune responses in mouse and human breast cancer. (edu.au)
  • Project aiming at characterising tumour neo-antigen-specific immune responses in oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients with long-term survival. (edu.au)
  • Recently, cells called antigen presenting cells (APCs) were discovered to play a pivotal role in the immune response. (oncolink.org)
  • This approach is based on the view that immune stimulation is primarily mediated by APCs rather than the tumor cells themselves. (oncolink.org)
  • In this way, ITI's vaccines (DNA or RNA) have the potential to utilize the body's natural biochemistry to develop a broad immune response including antibody production, cytokine release, and critical immunological memory. (biospace.com)
  • The article contains current data on modern molecular classifications of triple negative breast cancer and appropriate defects in signaling pathways as well as their assignment to distinct immunological and metabolic biomarkers. (cttjournal.com)
  • One common feature to these antigens is their presence in central immunological tolerance. (nih.gov)
  • As we continue identifying novel therapeutic antibodies suitable for development into tumor vaccine and other modalities, we look forward to establishing more strategic partnerships to advance the field of immunotherapy. (renmab.com)
  • DNAJB7-specific T cells were capable of killing colorectal tumor lines in vitro, and the IFN-gamma+ response was markedly magnified by control of immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide in cancer patients. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • ITI-4000 is an innovative and novel approach to an EBV-tumor vaccine," says Rich Ambinder, M.D., Ph.D., Director of the Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Professor of Oncology at Johns Hopkins, Immunomic's Scientific Advisory Board member, and expert in viral-driven malignancies. (biospace.com)
  • ITI has entered into a significant allergy partnership with Astellas Pharma and has formed several academic collaborations with leading Immuno-oncology researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Institute, Johns Hopkins University of Medicine, and Duke University. (biospace.com)
  • Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) recognize specific proteins on the surface of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In contrast to TCR T cells, CAR T cells recognize only relatively large proteins on the surface of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This presentation reports results of preclinical mouse studies on a HER2/Neu-LAMP DNA vaccine that included a bicistronic DNA construct in which both the tumor antigen (HER2) fused with LAMP-1 (lysosomal- associated membrane protein 1) and sCD40L were expressed separately. (biospace.com)
  • In the last few years, there is mounting evidence that OVs are effective in treating cancer in both preclinical models and clinical trials with human patients[ 1 - 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ROCKVILLE, Md.--( BUSINESS WIRE )-- Immunomic Therapeutics Inc., ("ITI"), a privately-held clinical-stage biotechnology company pioneering the study of LAMP-mediated nucleic acid-based immunotherapy, announced today that the data from two posters are being presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2022 held in New Orleans, Louisiana, from April 8-13. (biospace.com)
  • VBI Vaccines Inc. (Nasdaq: VBIV) (VBI), a biopharmaceutical company driven by immunology in the pursuit of powerful prevention and treatment of disease, today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Orphan Drug Designation for VBI-1901, a bivalent gB/pp65 immunotherapeutic vaccine candidate for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). (advfn.com)
  • However, just like other immunotherapeutic regimens, a number of challenges remain for OVs-mediated cancer vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Targeting EBNA1 allows for an immunotherapeutic approach by exploiting the potential of the immune system to recognize tumor cells through their expression of this viral antigen. (biospace.com)
  • These pre-clinical data suggest that ITI-4000 has the potential to be used as an immunotherapeutic agent against EBV-associated cancers. (biospace.com)
  • Nevertheless, the clinical benefit provided by current immunotherapeutic approaches is still limited to 25-30% of treated cancer patients. (edu.au)
  • These posters to be presented at the AACR Meeting focus on the investigational nucleic acid platform, UNITE™ (UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression) for two vaccines, ITI-3000 for Merkel cell carcinoma (targeting the large T antigen of the Merkel cell polyomavirus) and Her2/Neu-LAMP DNA vaccine, both of which fuse a tumor associated antigen with lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1). (biospace.com)
  • Over the last 17 years, stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has shown a high degree of safety and local control for stage I lung cancers and other localized malignancies. (frontiersin.org)
  • Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive variant of breast malignancies, being a heterogeneous group with various molecular abnormalities that require differentiated approach to diagnosis and treatment. (cttjournal.com)
  • T-cell engagers are bispecific antibodies that recruit cytotoxic T cells to kill tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Since the development of serum sickness is dependent on the host's ability to produce antibodies to the inciting antigen, patients who are incapable of producing antibodies, such as patients with Bruton agammaglobulinemia, will not develop serum sickness. (medscape.com)
  • This process theoretically provides a line of T cells with greater tumor specificity than those obtained from the blood. (msdmanuals.com)
  • For non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treatment is the standard immunotherapy for non-high risk NMIBC patients ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • As an emerging vaccine technology, mRNA vaccines represent a promising alternative to conventional vaccine approaches due to their high potency, capacity for rapid development, and potential for low-cost manufacturing and safe administration ( 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This review highlights past approaches and describes more recent developments that suggest newer strategies for piquing our immune system for the treatment and prevention of cancer. (oncolink.org)
  • Can you tell us about the design of this trial and also the rationale for combining these two immunotherapy approaches in ovarian cancer? (cancernetwork.com)
  • The data on the prognostic and predictive role of the tumor molecular biomarkers, as well as on clinically used and cellular therapy approaches and developing targeted drugs are presented, and the prospects for the future research are outlined. (cttjournal.com)
  • Therefore CAR T cells and TCR T cells may represent complementary approaches to cancer therapy. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Experimental treatment approaches include vaccines and nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. (medscape.com)
  • Another challenge is the cell entry of oncolytic adenovirus, which is mainly mediated by the Coxsackie-Adenovirus receptor and this receptor is downregulated in various cancer cells. (helsinki.fi)
  • In order to overcome these limitations, this study explored the possibility to use cancer cell derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) as drug delivery system for oncolytic adenovirus. (helsinki.fi)
  • Glioblastoma (GBM) is currently the most aggressive form of brain tumor identified, and STAT3 is known to play an important role in gliomagenesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, the tumor-reactive TCRs with killing potency was screened and verified. (thno.org)
  • Prior to the advent of cytotoxic chemotherapy, lung cancer at all stages was treated surgically or by radiation alone ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • ECT uses HVEPs to transiently increase membrane permeability, enhancing cellular cytotoxic drug uptake in tumors. (rsna.org)
  • Therefore, this study filtered candidate antigens and specific mRNA-suitable populations in BLCA via comprehensive multi-omics analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • AP2S1 , P3H4 , and RAC3 were identified as candidate tumor-specific antigens for BLCA. (frontiersin.org)
  • AP2S1 , P3H4 , and RAC3 were identified as candidate tumor-specific antigens, and patients with the BCS2 and BCS1A subtypes were identified as candidate populations for mRNA vaccines. (frontiersin.org)
  • 2. Interferon γ cytokine secretion was determined by ELISPOT to assess PBMC response against known antigens in a preliminary experiment to approximate usable range for the following antigen specific PBMC assays. (helsinki.fi)
  • In addition, PrP(C) and its partners participate in self-renewal of embryonic, tissue-specific stem cells and cancer stem cells, which are suggested to be responsible for the origin, maintenance, relapse, and dissemination of tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Finally, mechanisms of tumor immune escape are much better understood, such as the role tolerance plays in dampening the tumor specific immune response and the importance of appropriate antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells, in initial immune stimulation. (iths.org)
  • Findings Secreted, retained cytoplasmically, and endocytosed forms of AFP use exclusive subscriber base and digesting paths, ensuing in different immunologic reactions from the caused antigen-specific Compact disc4+ and Compact disc8+ Capital t cells and between healthful contributor and HCC individuals. (immune-source.com)
  • Importantly, T cells artificially expressing the MAGE-A3-Mp4 specific TCRs exhibited strong MAGE-A3+ tumor cell recognition and killing effect. (thno.org)
  • Most nasopharyngeal carcinomas express Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein involved in maintenance of the episomal virus genome that is required for EBV latency and associated transformation. (biospace.com)
  • Mice rejecting tumors were protected from rechallenge with CT26-EBNA1, demonstrating that antigen-specific memory was induced in these animals. (biospace.com)
  • I focus my work on the identification of clinically relevant cancer specific Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) ligands that will guide the development of personalized cancer immunotherapy. (unil.ch)
  • Our final goal is to provide effective treatments for cancer patients with reduced non-specific side-effects. (edu.au)
  • The expansion of anti-cancer specific T cells can enable the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer in the treated tumor as well as in metastases throughout the body. (renmab.com)
  • Antigen cross-linking of immunoglobulin E (IgE) molecules that are bound to specific cell surface receptors and/or binding of complement split products, such as iC3b, to complement receptors (CR3/CR4) may activate mast cells and basophils. (medscape.com)
  • For specific immunocompromising conditions (e.g., asplenia), such patients may be at higher risk for certain diseases, and additional vaccines, particularly bacterial polysaccharide vaccines {Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), pneumococcal and meningococcal}, are recommended for them. (cdc.gov)
  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a high medical need disease with limited treatment options. (oncotarget.com)
  • In CXorf61-negative breast cancer cell lines CXorf61 expression is activated by treatment with the hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. (oncotarget.com)
  • Triple negative is sometimes used as a surrogate term for basal-like breast cancer, which is a distinct, morphologically and molecularly defined entity. (oncotarget.com)
  • Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant disease with heterogeneous biological characteristics and different clinical course. (cttjournal.com)
  • According to the global cancer database (GLOBOCAN), 34650951 cases of breast cancer were detected in the world in 2020, and 11210413 patients died from this disease [1, 2]. (cttjournal.com)
  • 66,990 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in Russian Federation in 2019 (489.6 cases per 100,000 people) [3]. (cttjournal.com)
  • Combined chemo- and hormone therapy is, generally, efficient in breast cancer treatment, in terms of overall and disease-free survival. (cttjournal.com)
  • Subsequent works revealed some other molecular variants of breast cancer [6-10]. (cttjournal.com)
  • Basal-like triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) makes up 12-20% among other histological types, displaying a number of clinicopathological and molecular features that affect treatment strategy. (cttjournal.com)
  • National Breast Cancer Foundation - Investigator Initiated Scheme 2018. (edu.au)
  • New strategies to improve personalized immunotherapy of breast cancer. (edu.au)