• Immune effector cells such as lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes work together to defend the body against cancer by targeting abnormal antigens expressed on the surface of tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The extraction of G-CSF lymphocytes from the blood and expanding in vitro against a tumour antigen before reinjecting the cells with appropriate stimulatory cytokines. (wikipedia.org)
  • Upon transfusion into the person, these activated cells present the antigen to the effector lymphocytes (CD4+ helper T cells, cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and B cells). (wikipedia.org)
  • The vaccine induces cytotoxic T lymphocytes to disrupt cancer stem cell antigens. (cedars-sinai.edu)
  • This study aimed to characterize the interaction of MVA and MVA expressing the HIV-1 genes Env-Gag-Pol-Nef of clade B (referred to as MVA-B) in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) and the subsequent processes of HIV-1 antigen presentation and activation of memory HIV-1-specific T lymphocytes. (ub.edu)
  • MVA-B infection induced apoptosis of the infected cells and the resulting apoptotic bodies were engulfed by the uninfected MDDC, which cross-presented HIV-1 antigens to autologous CD8+ T lymphocytes. (ub.edu)
  • MVA-B-infected MDDC co-cultured with autologous T lymphocytes induced a highly functional HIV-specific CD8+ T cell response including proliferation, secretion of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, MIP-1β, MIP-1α, RANTES and IL-6, and strong cytotoxic activity against autologous HIV-1-infected CD4+ T lymphocytes. (ub.edu)
  • We aim to explore in-silico the effect of the interval between vaccine administrations on immunogenicity and to analyze the contribution of pre-existing levels of antibodies, plasma cells, and memory B and T lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)
  • with tumor-associated antigens, the DCs induce antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which assault cancer cells. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • Immunization of mice with TERT RNA-transfected dendritic cells (DC) stimulated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), which lysed melanoma and thymoma tumor cells and inhibited the growth of three unrelated tumors in mice of distinct genetic backgrounds. (nova.edu)
  • DCs are able to activate T lymphocytes (capture, process, present antigen), activate B cells and are associated in the amplification of innate immune response (e.g. activation of natural killer cells). (modernloveok.com)
  • 3Structure of DCs (including antigen presenting to T cells):As shown in figure 1, dendritic cells are often rounded with reinform nuclei and a few or sometimes no dendrites.They can initiate adaptive immune response by presenting Pathogenic antigens to B or T lymphocytes. (modernloveok.com)
  • Their antigen-presenting ability allows them to prime cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) so that they can target tumors in an antigen-specific manner. (uni-ulm.de)
  • Vaccines which successfully protect against virus infections usually need to induce a broadly reactive immune response which includes the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (duke.edu)
  • Using tumor cells constitutively expressing a cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, we show that expansion of CMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) restricted by DCs' MHC class I molecules was higher when DC-tumor hybrids were the stimulators. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We found that DC with phagocytosis of MCA/HSP in the early phase of apoptosis expressed more peptide-major histocompatibility class (pMHC) I complexes, stimulated stronger cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) responses and induced greater immune protection against MCA tumor cell challenge, compared to mice immunized with DC that phagocytosed MCA/HSP cells in the late phase of apoptosis. (usask.ca)
  • Furthermore, in a functional assay, dendritic cells infected in vitro with rVV encoding β-gal regulated by an early promoter activated β-gal-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, whereas similar rVV with a late promoter-regulated gene did not. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Bone marrow DCs from Wistar (allograft group) and Sprague Dawley (SD) (homograft group) rats were electrically fused with the SD-derived osteosarcoma cell line UMR106 to generate a DC-osteosarcoma fusion (DOF) tumor vaccine, which was co-incubated with SD T lymphocytes to stimulate T cell proliferation. (geneticsmr.com)
  • tumor-cytotoxic effects of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were measured by the MTT assay. (geneticsmr.com)
  • The cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) typically susceptible to antigenic variation. (cdc.gov)
  • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may have greater tumoricidal activity than LAK cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Lymphadenitis results from apoptotic cell death induced by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
  • The mRNA vaccines can encode multiple antigens, strengthening the immune response against pathogens and enabling the targeting of multiple microbial variants [19] . (researchgate.net)
  • The cell-based vaccine platform utilizes irradiated permissive cells (human or non-human, infected with a high titer virus or transfected with viral antigens), which then activate endogenous dendritic cells. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Thus, the inactivated attenuated virion will bind to and be taken up by dendritic cells and macrophages, which will then present antigens to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells for the generation of T cell help and cytotoxic T cells. (aphios.com)
  • Nevertheless, little is known about the impact of these vectors on human dendritic cells (DC) and their capacity to present HIV-1 antigens to human HIV-specific T cells. (ub.edu)
  • DCs transfected with tumor-associated antigens are capable of stimulating antigen-specific T cells, but cytolytic responses have been disappointing. (duke.edu)
  • NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • using this method, DCs were expected to determine and capture apoptotic tumor cells as antigens and induce antigen-specific CTLs thereafter. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • WT1 and MUC1 reportedly possess the 1st and second highest priorities, respectively, for malignancy vaccines among the currently available malignancy antigens (20). (opioid-receptors.com)
  • In dendritic cells, actin regulatory proteins control the uptake and presentation of antigens, migration of antigen-bearing cells from sites of infection to lymphoid organs, and defining the outcome of T cell stimulation. (upenn.edu)
  • This can be done either by culturing ex vivo DCs that are obtained from a patient with adjuvant (that leads to DC maturation) and the specific tumour antigens and then the injection of these cells back into the patient or by inducing of DCs to take up specific tumour antigens in vivo. (modernloveok.com)
  • 4Role of RNA-lipoplexes in Cancer Immunotherapy:The systematic delivery of vaccine antigens into dendritic cells is faced with various technical challenges. (modernloveok.com)
  • As all the polypeptide based antigens can be encoded as RNA, RNA-LPX is an example of a universally applicable vaccine class for DC targeting and synchronized induction of highly potent adaptive plus type-I-IFN-mediated innate immune mechanisms used for cancer immunotherapy. (modernloveok.com)
  • According to this paper written by Emily Bettini and Michela Locci, mRNA-LNPs and locally produced antigens are taken up by dendritic cells via endocytosis [ 1 ]. (stackexchange.com)
  • These locally produced antigens are either degraded by proteasome in the cytoplasm or secreted from the host cell, leading to 2 different immune response activation pathways [2] . (stackexchange.com)
  • begingroup$ 'and locally produced antigens are taken up by dendritic cells via' That's how the immune system processes them, but are those the only cells that take them up? (stackexchange.com)
  • Tumor Associated Antigens (TAAs) may suffer from an immunological tolerance due to expression on normal cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • The transimmunization procedure was devised as a more effective modification of ECP and named to designate the transfer of tumor antigens to competent antigen presenting cells (APC) that could display the full complement of tumor antigens in the context of co-stimulatory and adhesion molecules. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recombinant poxviruses encoding tumor-associated antigens (TAA) are attractive as candidate cancer vaccines. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly specialized antigen-presenting cells endowed with the unique ability to not only present exogenous antigens upon exposure to MHC II, but also to cross-present these upon exposure to MHC I. This property was exploited to generate the tumor-specific CD8 cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) response in DCs-based cancer vaccine protocols. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In our previous work, increased DCs cross-presentation of antigens from necrotic gastric carcinoma cells paralleled up-regulation of the heat shock protein hsp 70. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Antigens targeted to DCs via the C-type lectin Langerin/CD207 are cross-presented to CD8(+) T cells in vivo. (cnrs.fr)
  • We review the literature express CD8 and induce apoptosis of cells on which they on the role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity in recognize foreign antigens presented by MHC class I mol- influenza infection and the available data on the role of ecules, providing a defense against intracellular pathogens these responses in protection from highly pathogenic such as viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Tumor Antigens Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Concomitant use of interferon enhances the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and TAAs on tumor cells, thereby augmenting the killing of tumor cells by the infused effector cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Potential y neoplastic cel s that of the effect increases with increasing tem to respond effectively to foreign arise natural y, or that have been dose or continuing exposure - and is antigens, including surface antigens transformed by carcinogens acting usually transient: immune function on tumour cells. (who.int)
  • Randomized controlled studies in different cancers resulting in significant increase in survival and disease free period have been reported and its efficacy is enhanced by 20-30% when cell-based immunotherapy is combined with conventional treatment methods. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the oldest forms of cancer immunotherapy is the use of BCG vaccine, which was originally to vaccinate against tuberculosis and later was found to be useful in the treatment of bladder cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Topical immunotherapy utilizes an immune enhancement cream (imiquimod) which produces interferon, causing the recipient's killer T cells to destroy warts, actinic keratoses, basal cell cancer, vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, squamous cell cancer, cutaneous lymphoma, and superficial malignant melanoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Injection immunotherapy ("intralesional" or "intratumoural") uses mumps, candida, the HPV vaccine or trichophytin antigen injections to treat warts (HPV induced tumours). (wikipedia.org)
  • Dendritic cells, a type of antigen-presenting cell, are harvested from the person needing the immunotherapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first FDA-approved cell-based immunotherapy, the cancer vaccine Sipuleucel-T is one example of this approach. (wikipedia.org)
  • We currently test the safety and tolerability of experimental immunotherapy vaccines to treat brain tumors and Alzheimer's. (cedars-sinai.edu)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: CD40 ligand is essential for generation of specific cytotoxic T cell responses in RNA-pulsed dendritic cell immunotherapy. (duke.edu)
  • BACKGROUND: Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is a promising form of adjuvant therapy for high-risk tumors. (duke.edu)
  • Nevertheless, ex vivo activation with cytokines can restore cytolytic activity of NK cells against GB, indicating that NK cells have potential for adoptive immunotherapy of GB if potent cytotoxicity can be maintained in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
  • Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • We then outline preclinical approaches that employ CAR-NK cells for GB immunotherapy, and give an overview on the ongoing clinical development of ErbB2 (HER2)-specific CAR-NK cells currently applied in a phase I clinical trial in glioblastoma patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • Earlier studies suggested that certain chemotherapeutic providers, including gemcitabine, 5-fluoro-uracil (5-FU) and a metronomic dose of cyclophosphamide, as well as irradiation, may activate the sponsor immunity or inhibit suppressors of sponsor responses, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, enhancing the Rabbit Polyclonal to ERI1 effect of malignancy immunotherapy (9-11). (opioid-receptors.com)
  • Topics could include analyzing regulation of T cell actin dynamics at the immunological synapse, analyzing actin function during antigen presentation in dendritic cells, or manipulating cytoskeletal signaling pathways to modify T cell migration during T cell immunotherapy. (upenn.edu)
  • In the first part we talk about immunotherapy and in particular about vaccines, personalized vaccines with dendritic cells, tumor-associated antigen vaccines and the famous vaccine targeted at CytoMegaloVirus (CMV). (glioblastomamultiforme.it)
  • AGS-003 is an autologous immunotherapy prepared from fully matured and optimized monocyte-derived dendritic cells, which are co-electroporated with amplified tumor RNA plus synthetic CD40L RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an immunologically responsive tumor and until recently, the mainstay for systemic therapy for advanced metastatic RCC was cytokine-based immunotherapy with interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon alpha (IFN-α). (biomedcentral.com)
  • We report a simple one-step procedure where maturing DC containing apoptotic malignant T cells can be prepared rapidly for potential use in vaccine immunotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BACKGROUND AIMS: Dendritic cell (DC)-tumor cell hybrids have been used clinically in cancer immunotherapy, but their advantage over the simple mixture of tumor cells and DCs is still a matter of controversy. (ox.ac.uk)
  • X. Fang , Jiang, C. , and Xia, Q. , " Effectiveness evaluation of dendritic cell immunotherapy for osteosarcoma on survival rate and in vitro immune response " , vol. 14, pp. 11763-11770, 2015. (geneticsmr.com)
  • Studies to antigen uptake, processing and presentation to T cells, the biology of dendritic cells and the regulation of immunity are aimed to raise our understanding of the immune reactions to tumor cells and improve immunotherapy of cancer. (universiteitleiden.nl)
  • In passive cellular immunotherapy, specific effector cells are directly infused and are not induced within the patient. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Passive cellular immunotherapy references A number of immunologic interventions, both passive and active, can be directed against tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In passive cellular immunotherapy, specific effector cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • CAR T cell immunotherapy for human cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This optimism is built on recently published studies demonstrating the efficacy of mRNA vaccines in combatting several types of cancer and infectious pathogens where conventional vaccine platforms may fail to induce protective immune responses. (researchgate.net)
  • Based in Prague, Czech Republic, Sotio is developing personalised dendritic cell vaccines (DCVACs) based on dendritic cells cultivated from a patient's blood monocytes and used to induce an immune response against tumour cells. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • The company says the dendritic cells pulsed with the dead tumour cells have an increased ability to induce cytotoxic T cell responses, which increases the probability of inducing efficient immune response in the body. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • Such a vaccine preparation should induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. (aphios.com)
  • The objective of these vaccines is to induce tumour-specific effector T cells which can reduce the mass of tumour and that can lead to immunological memory to control tumour relapse. (modernloveok.com)
  • Peptides, as immunogens that induce immune response from effector cells in vivo, have become a new type of vaccine. (omizzur.com)
  • Dendritic-tumor cell hybrids induce tumor-specific immune responses more effectively than the simple mixture of dendritic and tumor cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this study, we compared DC-tumor cell hybrids with the non-fused mixture of DC and tumor cells directly in their ability to induce a specific immune response. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Hybrids expressed more co-stimulatory and MHC molecules, induced higher antigen-specific T-cell expansion and were the only cells able to induce IFN-γ-producing antigen-specific T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In vivo R12-31 agonist activity was demonstrated by its ability to induce the formation of intestinal villous microfold cells in mice. (cnrs.fr)
  • This property gives vaccines a well-developed experimental system to analyze T that induce protective cellular immune responses the cell-mediated immunity. (cdc.gov)
  • Vaccine-induced immunity to COVID-19 relies mostly on an immunomodulatory T-cell response. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we illustrated that myeloid cells in K14HPV16/H2b mice possess potent immunosuppressive activity toward antigen-presenting cells and CD8 + T cells, dampening antitumor immunity. (nih.gov)
  • These results established immunosuppressive myeloid cells in lymphoid organs as an HPV + cancer-induced means of circumventing tumor immunity that will require targeted abrogation to enable the induction of efficacious antitumor immune responses. (nih.gov)
  • On the basis of recent advances in the understanding of antitumor immunity, we designed a three-step approach to in situ immunization to lymphoma: (i) inducing immunogenic tumor cell death with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Most COVID-19 vaccines are given in a two-dose primary schedule, whereas additional booster doses may be required to maintain immunity. (frontiersin.org)
  • Their efficacy can be reduced by at least two factors: i) a preexistent antibody response to the vector that interferes with transduction (anti-vector immunity) ( 8 ) and/or ii) a preexistent cytotoxic T cell response against either the vector or the insert that limits the persistence of transduced cells ( 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Okamoto (12,13) reported that a relatively low dose of 5-FU led to the enhancement of anticancer immunity mediated from the induction of helper T-cell type-1 cytokines (such as interferon- and interleukin-12) and natural-killer cell activity in individuals with oral malignancy. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to foster interdisciplinary basic, translational, and clinical research that will define Natural Killer (NK) cell functions and interactions with other components of the innate and adaptive immune system affecting the potency and durability of HIV-1-specific immunity, including vaccine efficacy, reservoir size, reactivation or post-treatment control. (nih.gov)
  • Induction of cytotoxic T cell responses and tumor immunity against unr" by S K Nair, A Heiser et al. (nova.edu)
  • Induction of cytotoxic T cell responses and tumor immunity against unrelated tumors using telomerase reverse transcriptase RNA transfected dendritic cells. (nova.edu)
  • Introduction: DCs are antigen presenting cells that control immunity and tolerance. (modernloveok.com)
  • Our research group uses chemistry, molecular biology, chemical biology and immunology to design and synthesize tools and reagents to gain insight in how to (i) most efficiently 'educate' and boost the patient's immune system to recognize the tumor and to (ii) eliminate or "re-educate" major immunosuppressive cells from the tumor microenvironment to tip the balance towards anticancer immunity. (irbbarcelona.org)
  • Tumor peptide vaccine refers to antigen peptides eluted from the surface of tumor cells or obtained from tumor cells, which can improve the humoral and cellular immunity of the body after immunization. (omizzur.com)
  • From the analysis of the mechanism of action of tumor peptide vaccine, immature DC (dendritic cells) secrete the inhibitory factor indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) to inhibit tumor immunity in immunosuppressive state. (omizzur.com)
  • Taken together, our data demonstrated that HSP70 expression on apoptotic tumor cells stimulated DC maturation and DC with phagocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells expressing HSP70 in early phase of apoptosis more efficiently induced tumor-specific CTL responses and immunity than DC with phagocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells in late phase of apoptosis. (usask.ca)
  • Banchereau, J. and Steinman, R. Dendritic cells and the control of immunity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A helper cells are primarily responsible for helping other vaccine approach based on cell-mediated immunity that immune cells through direct cell-cell interactions or by avoids some of these drawbacks is discussed here. (cdc.gov)
  • Greater understanding of how each subset contributes to V protective immunity and how T-cell memory is maintained accine approaches against respiratory virus infections and recalled in a secondary infection would contribute to such as influenza have relied on inducing antibodies development of effective vaccines that use these basic fea- that protect against viral infection by neutralizing virions tures of the immune response. (cdc.gov)
  • In patients who had sequential samples available for immune monitoring, the magnitude of the increase in the absolute number of CD8 + CD28 + CD45RA − effector/memory T cells (CTLs) after 5 doses of AGS-003 relative to baseline, correlated with overall survival. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, only hybrids stimulated CTLs to produce IFN-γ in response to CMV-positive target cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The Company has been working aggressively the last few months to repurpose its cell-based vaccine platform targeting solid tumors for use against viral diseases. (pharmiweb.com)
  • IRE uses HVEPs to cause cell death by inducing membrane disruption, and it is primarily used as a radical ablative therapy in the treatment of soft-tissue tumors in the liver, kidney, prostate, and pancreas. (rsna.org)
  • ECT uses HVEPs to transiently increase membrane permeability, enhancing cellular cytotoxic drug uptake in tumors. (rsna.org)
  • In mice, this three-step therapy induced CD4- and CD8-dependent systemic immune responses that enhanced T-cell infiltration into distant tumors, leading to their eradication and significantly improving survival. (aacrjournals.org)
  • While GB tumors are frequently infiltrated by natural killer (NK) cells, these are actively suppressed by the GB cells and the GB tumor microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
  • Tumors however, evade the immune system by generating immunosuppressive tumor-microenvironments to enable unhampered growth, by attracting suppressor immune cells and the expression of surface molecules that inactivate cytotoxic immune cells. (irbbarcelona.org)
  • At present, one of the important directions of vaccine research is peptide vaccine, and many peptide vaccines have been developed for some infectious diseases (AIDS, hepatitis C) and tumors. (omizzur.com)
  • Therapeutic vaccination has the major advantage that the induced immune response selectively attacks tumors while leaving the healthy cells untouched. (universiteitleiden.nl)
  • The use of monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy was first introduced in 1997 with rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody for treatment of B cell lymphoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD4+ cells activate humoral immune response via B cells, which generate neutralizing antibodies, while CD8+ cell mount cytotoxic immune response against virus-infected cells. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Inovio previously reported partial positive results using a similar strategy in a phase I trial of its Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS) DNA vaccine, which induced neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses in a subset of subjects. (nature.com)
  • A screen of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized memory B cells derived from a patient who recovered from SARS in 2003 identified eight monoclonal antibodies that cross-reacted with SARS-CoV-2, and one, S309, showed potent neutralizing activity. (nature.com)
  • These immune-inhibitory effects inhibited synergistic effects of combining our oncoprotein vaccine with immune checkpoint-blocking antibodies. (nih.gov)
  • We used several statistical methods, such as principal component analysis and binary classification, to analyze the correlation between pre-existing levels of antibodies, plasma cells, and memory B and T cells to the magnitude of the antibody response following a booster dose. (frontiersin.org)
  • Pre-existing memory T cytotoxic cells and antibodies directly influence antigen availability hence limiting the magnitude of the immune response. (frontiersin.org)
  • Next-generation vaccines that utilize T cells could potentially overcome the limitations of current influenza vaccines that rely on antibodies to provide narrow subtype-specific protection and are prone to antigenic mismatch with circulating strains. (mdpi.com)
  • Current research strategies aiming to prevent, control or eradicate HIV emphasize the adaptive arm of the immune system, harnessing effector functions of cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, B cells and antibodies to attack HIV and HIV-infected cells. (nih.gov)
  • Both antibodies recognized human Langerhans cells, previously shown to express RANK, while dermal dendritic cells were poorly labeled. (cnrs.fr)
  • T-cell engagers are bispecific antibodies that recruit cytotoxic T cells to kill tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Patients with cervical cancer have poor dendritic cell functions, have weak cytotoxic lymphocyte responses, and demonstrate an accumulation of myeloid cells in the periphery. (nih.gov)
  • The tough cryogel vaccine induces strong antigen‐specific cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte and humoral responses. (nsf.gov)
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 have shown promising cancer clinical outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Induction in vitro of primary cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses with DNA encoding herpes simplex virus proteins. (duke.edu)
  • Although antilymphocyte serum was used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and in T-cell and B-cell lymphomas, resulting in temporary decreases in lymphocyte counts or lymph node size, newer humoral immunotherapeutic modalities have been developed. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Conclusions These findings emphasize using biologically relevant immune modifiers, like Th17-DC vaccines, in OC treatment to reshape the tumor microenvironment and enhance clinical responses to ICB therapy. (bmj.com)
  • Because of the vesicant activity of doxorubicin, microparticles made of biodegradable polymer poly(lactide-co-glycolide) or PLGA can safely deliver doxorubicin intratumorally and are effective vaccine adjuvants, (ii) enhancing T-cell activation using anti-OX40 and (iii) sustaining T-cell responses by checkpoint blockade using anti-CTLA-4. (aacrjournals.org)
  • NK cells can modulate the magnitude and quality of adaptive immune responses by interacting with, editing or killing dendritic cells or B and T cells, thereby bridging the innate and adaptive immune responses. (nih.gov)
  • Several human studies have observed epitope spreading in beta cell-specific humoral responses from birth to disease onset in offspring of diabetic parents. (nature.com)
  • Early induction of a T H 2 response to one specific β-cell autoantigen (βCAA) accelerated epitope spreading of T H 2 responses to other βCAAs and can prevent the development of diabetes in the NOD mice. (nature.com)
  • Dendritic cells, as APC, generated the maximal responses, but such cells needed to be transfected with DNA in the presence of a cationic lipid. (duke.edu)
  • Taken together, we demonstrated that a HER-2/neu-gene modified DC vaccine is more potent than a plasmid DNA vaccine in inducing neu specific immune responses resulting in greater protective and preventative effects in the tumor models examined. (usask.ca)
  • Current vaccine strategies against influenza focus on Antigen-specific ligation of T-cell receptors induces generating robust antibody responses. (cdc.gov)
  • Specifically, cell-mediated responses typically focus on to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II mol- peptides from internal influenza proteins, which are far less ecules. (cdc.gov)
  • We discuss the advantages of develop- ing a vaccine based on cell-mediated immune responses tion is not absolute, since CD4+ cells may exhibit lytic toward highly pathogenic influenza virus and potential activity, while CD8+ cells secrete antiviral cytokines, problems arising from immune pressure. (cdc.gov)
  • Yesterday the firm announced enrolment has begun for a Phase I/II clinical trial to determine safety and efficacy of the vaccine DCVAC/LuCa in combination with standard chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer, with the trial being carried out by local contract research organisation (CRO) Accord Research. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • Th17-DC vaccine efficacy, alone or with ICB, was mediated by CD4 T cells, but not CD8 T cells. (bmj.com)
  • The time interval between vaccine administrations can greatly affect the logistics of the vaccination campaign and its efficacy ( 1 - 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The effect of the dosing interval on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy has not been specifically tested in Randomized Clinical Trials (RCT), however, available data suggest that longer intervals between the first and second dose result in higher antibody titers ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The efficacy of such htcPep was assessed in C57BL/6 mice injected with syngeneic melanoma B16F10 or lung TC1 tumor cell lines, in combination with metronomic chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. (bvsalud.org)
  • We utilized an in vivo murine tumor model expressing the rat neu Ag to compare the immunization efficacy between DC transduced with replication-deficient adenovirus containing neu (AdVneu), to form DCneu, and plasmid DNA (pcDNA) vaccine. (usask.ca)
  • In this study, we investigated the impacts of apoptotic transgenic MCA/HSP tumor cells expressing HSP70 on DC maturation, T cell stimulation and overall vaccine efficacy. (usask.ca)
  • Although dengue fever represents a major global public health problem, the vaccines or antiviral drugs proposed so far have not shown sufficient efficacy and safety, calling for new antiviral developments. (cnrs.fr)
  • This pathway induces the formation of cytotoxic T cells which are capable of directly killing the infected cells [ 1 ]. (stackexchange.com)
  • This pathway induces the formation of memory B cells (MBCs) and the antibody-secreting long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) [ 1 ]. (stackexchange.com)
  • HIV diversity and capability for antigenic drift are only two of the reasons for the inefficiency of first-generation anti-HIV vaccines, which induced a humoral (antibody) response against a limited number of epitopes. (aphios.com)
  • an effective humoral response-based vaccine virus is subsequently released because of the action of against a form of the virus may be ineffective against next another surface glycoprotein, the enzyme neuraminidase season's variant. (cdc.gov)
  • Cancer treatment used to be focused on killing or removing cancer cells and tumours, with chemotherapy or surgery or radiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our basic research focuses on designing a dendritic cell (DC) vaccine targeting glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cancer stem cells to delay or prevent recurrence following surgery, chemotherapy or radiation. (cedars-sinai.edu)
  • The GBM cancer stem cell vaccine is cellular and consists of patients' autologous dendritic cells infused with tumor lysate from an allogenic glioblastoma cancer stem cell line. (cedars-sinai.edu)
  • Treatment resistance for infectious diseases is growing quickly, and chemotherapeutic toxicity in cancer means that vaccines must be made right away to save humanity. (researchgate.net)
  • Sotio has selected local CRO Accord Research to carry out Phase I/II trials on its dendritic cell vaccines to treat patients with lung cancer in the Czech Republic. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • Tumour cells (from cancer cell lines) killed by High Hydrostatic Pressure (HHP) are engulfed in these dendritic cells, before being reintroduced into the patient's body in the form of immunotherapeutic vaccine to trigger the required response from the patient's immune system against the harmful tumour cells. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • Currently the vaccines are being tested in combination standard chemotherapy on patients with ovarian cancer, as well as prostate and lung cancer. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • These vaccines prevent tumor formation in 80% of mice inoculated with HER2/neu‐overexpressing DD breast cancer cells. (nsf.gov)
  • Increased levels of Th17 T cells and IL-17 cytokine are associated with improved survival in ovarian cancer. (bmj.com)
  • Th17-inducing DC vaccines block ovarian cancer progression. (bmj.com)
  • Th17-inducing vaccines overcome IL-10-mediated resistance of ovarian cancer to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy. (bmj.com)
  • The inclusion of Th17-DC vaccines during treatment with anti-PD-(L)1-based (eg, pembrolizumab, nivolumab) may lead to improved progression-free and overall survival in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. (bmj.com)
  • Another rationale for merging DC vaccine with IMRT is normally that several sufferers with recurrent cancer tumor have previously undergone RT. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • TERT RNA-transfected human DC stimulated TERT-specific CTL in vitro that lysed human tumor cells, including Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cells as well as autologous tumor targets from patients with renal and prostate cancer. (nova.edu)
  • Tumor RNA-transfected DC were used as surrogate targets in the CTL assays, obviating the difficulties in obtaining tumor cells from cancer patients. (nova.edu)
  • In one instance, where a tumor cell line was successfully established in culture from a patient with renal cancer, the patient's tumor cells were efficiently lysed by the CTL. (nova.edu)
  • 6 Therefore, high quantities of antigen are presented to DCs by cancer vaccines in order to break the tolerance. (modernloveok.com)
  • 5Function of DCs and the strategies used to fight cancer (including contribution of Ralph Steinman):In 1973, Zanvil Cohn and Ralph Steinman identified a rare cell type in the murine spleen which was identical to a phagocytic cell with dendrites like protrusions and they named them dendritic cells (DCs). (modernloveok.com)
  • During Ralph's battle with pancreatic cancer, Ralph and his colleagues attempted to create three DC based vaccines which would improve the immune response to cancer, but were not successful and later in October 2011 Ralph Steinman passed away. (modernloveok.com)
  • Also highlighting the work of Ralph Steinman and his colleagues which contributes towards finding new strategies involving dendritic cells to fight cancer. (modernloveok.com)
  • Since cancer cells have a different genetic structure from normal cells, they generate foreign proteins which in principle should be detected by the immune system and cause the same type of immune reaction as any foreign virus or bacterium. (glioblastomamultiforme.it)
  • Such an approach has an immediate appeal because it is certainly preferable to strengthen the immune system rather than poison the entire body in the hope that the cancer cells will be killed before the body runs out of its vital resources. (glioblastomamultiforme.it)
  • The Holy Grail of immunological approaches to cancer treatment is the development of effective vaccines. (glioblastomamultiforme.it)
  • In principle this should be possible due to differences in the protein structure of cancer cells from normal cells. (glioblastomamultiforme.it)
  • This growth factor also causes the mixture of cancer and dendritic cells to expand. (glioblastomamultiforme.it)
  • This use of dendritic cells has been applied to different types of cancer. (glioblastomamultiforme.it)
  • This novel approach can be of high clinical relevance in cancer vaccine development. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mice were treated with cisplatin, and human cancer cells were exposed to inflammatory cytokines, to confirm increased PD-L1 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I expression by tumor cells or dendritic cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, these data offer further support for cancer immunotherapeutic approaches using DC-tumor cell hybrids. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In another study, we examined the use of a DC-based cancer vaccine involving the phagocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells expressing heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). (usask.ca)
  • Overall, we have examined variations in designing DC-based cancer vaccines in two completely different model systems. (usask.ca)
  • We aimed to evaluate dendritic cell (DC) tumor vaccines for preventing liver cancer recurrence and metastasis. (geneticsmr.com)
  • DCs were induced from mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood with recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and recombinant human interleukin 4 (rhIL-4), followed by sensitization with lysis of autologous liver cancer cells. (geneticsmr.com)
  • Herein, the preparation of a dendritic cell (DC) vaccine with radiation-induced apoptotic tumor cells and its immunological effects on bladder cancer in C57BL/6 mice was investigated. (geneticsmr.com)
  • An animal model of tumor-bearing mice was established with the MB49 mouse bladder cancer cell line. (geneticsmr.com)
  • Our differentiated cell therapy platform harnesses state-of-the-art engineering and synthetic biology capabilities to target even the most devastating cancer-driving mutations, beginning with KRAS. (meetingonthemed.com)
  • Molecular design of cancer-specific vaccines making use of modern knowledge is a central research theme. (universiteitleiden.nl)
  • He followed his postdoc research in the Netherlands Cancer Institute on the role of T cell functions in cancer. (universiteitleiden.nl)
  • Recently the research findings from the laboratory and in experimental animals are translated to an early clinical study in which cancer patients are injected with and experimental tumor-specific peptide-conjugate vaccine. (universiteitleiden.nl)
  • Animal studies have shown that LAK cells are more effective against cancer cells than are the original endogenous T cells, presumably because of their greater number. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Therefore CAR T cells and TCR T cells may represent complementary approaches to cancer therapy. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Transcriptomic profiling of T-cell populations in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer. (lu.se)
  • The current approaches for DC-based vaccination are mainly based on antigen loading on in vitro-generated DCs from monocytes or CD34+ cells, activating them with different TLR ligands, cytokine combinations, and injecting them back to the patients. (wikipedia.org)
  • The treatments involved a personalised preparation of the drug candidate using the dendritic cells, taken from the patient and manufactured by Sotio in vitro in large quantities. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • In vitro , doxorubicin microparticles were less cytotoxic to DCs than to B lymphoma cells, did not require internalization by tumor cells, and significantly enhanced phagocytosis of tumor cells by DCs as compared with soluble doxorubicin. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These antigen-presenting cells (APC) were then used to stimulate enriched populations of naive T cells in microcultures for 5 days in vitro. (duke.edu)
  • When a variety of cell types were infected with the panel of viruses in vitro, dendritic cells were found to express β- gal only under the control of the early promoters even though late promoters were intrinsically more active in other cell types. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • We cocultured cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells with dendritic cells (DCs) in vitro and investigated their proliferation, immunophenotype changes, secretory cytokine levels, and their antitumor effects on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. (geneticsmr.com)
  • Orgenesis is a pioneering global biotech company which is unlocking the full potential of personalized therapies and closed processing systems through its Cell & Gene Therapy Biotech Platform, with the ultimate aim of providing life changing treatments at the Point of Care to large numbers of patients at low cost. (pharmiweb.com)
  • By combining science, technologies and a collaborative network, Orgenesis is able to identify the most promising new therapies and provide a pathway for them to reach patients more quickly, more efficiently and at scale, thereby unlocking the power of cell and gene therapy for all. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Together, this work identifies the multiscale response of tendon to dynamic loading and healing, and provides new insight into microenvironmental features that tenocytes may experience following injury and after cell delivery therapies. (nsf.gov)
  • sCD40L should be considered a crucial adjuvant in DC preparations for RNA-based DC vaccine therapies. (duke.edu)
  • These data support the requirement of EZH2 function in 4-1BB-mediated CD8+ T cell expansion and effector programming and emphasize the consideration that must be given when combining such antitumoral therapies. (bvsalud.org)
  • Accelerated Biosciences discovered and has freedom-to-operate to the Human Trophoblast Stem Cell (hTSCs) platform for allogeneic therapies and bioproduction. (meetingonthemed.com)
  • Affini-T is unlocking the power of T cells and targeting core oncogenic drivers to develop potentially curative therapies for solid tumor cancers. (meetingonthemed.com)
  • Clinical trials of LAK cells in humans are ongoing but this approach has not gained widespread use and is generally considered less effective than other cell therapies. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Activation of DC surface CD40 influences DC cytokine production, particularly that of interleukin (IL)-12, which favors a Th1 (cytotoxic) helper T cell response. (duke.edu)
  • We find that the magnitude of the antibody response to a booster depends on the number of pre-existing memory B cells, which, in turn, is highly correlated to the number of T helper cells and plasma cells, and the antibody titers. (frontiersin.org)
  • Ridge, J.P., Di Rosa, F. and Matzinger, P. A conditioned dendritic cell can be a temporal bridge between a CD4 + T-helper and T-killer cell. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For example, 'Two mRNA vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna are effective against the coronavirus. (researchgate.net)
  • I'm assuming the question refers to the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines in which Lipid NanoParticles (LNP) are used and to the injection to be intramuscular (i.m. (stackexchange.com)
  • We identified the model's parameters fitting anti-Spike antibody levels from individuals immunized with the COVID-19 vaccine AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S, Vaxzevria). (frontiersin.org)
  • Interestingly, after any vaccine dose, individuals can be classified into two groups, sustainers and decayers , that differ in the kinetics of decline of their antibody titers due to differences in long-lived plasma cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Historically, NK cells have been considered part of the innate immune system, recognizing and eliminating virus-infected or tumor cells either directly by release of cytotoxic granules or indirectly by cytokine release and facilitation of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). (nih.gov)
  • Here, we explore the combination between EZH2i and an agonist antibody targeting the T cell costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (α4-1BB). (bvsalud.org)
  • Therapeutic DC or peptide vaccines enhance anti-tumor immune response by promoting DC maturation, B-cell antibody secretion, cytotoxic T cell proliferation and killing. (omizzur.com)
  • Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) recognize specific proteins on the surface of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In contrast to TCR T cells, CAR T cells recognize only relatively large proteins on the surface of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Leveraging a transgenic mouse model of HPV-derived cancers, K14HPV16/H2b, we demonstrated that a potent nanoparticle-based E7 vaccine, but not a conventional "liquid" vaccine, induced E7 tumor antigen-specific CD8 + T cells in cervical tumor-bearing mice. (nih.gov)
  • Methods ID8 tumor cells were injected intraperitoneally into mice. (bmj.com)
  • Mice were treated with Th17-DC or conventional DC (cDC) vaccine alone or with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). (bmj.com)
  • They also reported that DC therapy in combination free base inhibitor database with an oral fluoropyrimidine, S-1, enhanced sponsor immune reactions and elicited a designated anticancer effect, as compared to DCs only in tumor-bearing mice (14), and that DC vaccine combined with gemcitabine and/or S-1 probably prolonged the survival of individuals with advanced pancreatic malignancy (15). (opioid-receptors.com)
  • An inactivated attenuated HIV vaccine preparation, which retains the conformation of envelope proteins, may become a valuable component of such a vaccination regimen. (aphios.com)
  • Proteins of current interest in the lab include WASP, an actin regulatory protein involved in immunodeficiency disease, HS1, a related protein implicated in autoimmune disease, and Crk family adapter proteins, proteins that control T cell adhesion and migration. (upenn.edu)
  • Peptide vaccines can be divided into two categories: genetic engineering peptide vaccines and synthetic peptide vaccines: the former is also known as genetic engineering subunit vaccines, mainly using genetic engineering technology, the isolated antigen protein genes with strong immunogenicity are loaded into the expression vector through the host cell to express recombinant antigen proteins, so as to isolate and purify recombinant proteins as vaccines. (omizzur.com)
  • Currently, MVA virus vectors carrying HIV-1 genes are being developed as HIV-1/AIDS prophylactic/therapeutic vaccines. (ub.edu)
  • Keywords HPV, HPV systemic treatment, therapeutic vaccines, systemic immunomodulators, systemic antiviral drugs Rezumat Infecţia umană cu diferite genotipuri ale virusului papiloma uman HPV este una dintre cele mai frecvente infecţii virale cu transmitere sexuală. (metin2kiss.ro)
  • Cell phenotype was evaluated by flow cytometry and antigen-presenting ability by co-culture with syngeneic T cells followed by tetramer analysis and interferon (IFN)-γ ELISPOT. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Orgenesis believes this new vaccine platform offers a unique approach to cell vaccination that holds promise for an affordable and reproducible vaccine for both COVID-19 and other viral diseases. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Vaccination alone or in combination with anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA4 did not elicit tumor regression nor increase CD8 + T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), suggesting the presence of immune-suppressive barriers. (nih.gov)
  • The necessary vaccine strategy for HIV may, therefore, resemble the situation that currently exists with influenza vaccination, where annual shots that target the predominant viral strain, which differs from year to year, are needed. (aphios.com)
  • To determine if Th17-inducing vaccines are therapeutically effective in OC, we created a murine model of Th17-inducing dendritic cell (DC) (Th17-DC) vaccination generated by stimulating IL-15 while blocking p38 MAPK in bone marrow-derived DCs, followed by antigen pulsing. (bmj.com)
  • We used a stochastic agent-based immune simulation platform to simulate two-dose and three-dose vaccination protocols with an adenoviral vaccine. (frontiersin.org)
  • We investigated the relative roles of Langerhans cells (LCs) and Langerin(+) dermal DCs (dDCs) in different vaccination settings. (cnrs.fr)
  • Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and/or hepatitis B vaccine series should be considered for occupational exposures after evaluation of the hepatitis B surface antigen status of the source and the vaccination and vaccine-response status of the exposed person. (cdc.gov)
  • These cells are then either pulsed with an antigen or tumour lysate or transfected with a viral vector, causing them to display the antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • This distinction is of epithelial cells by attaching to a cellular receptor (sialic consequence since many viruses rapidly mutate their coat acid) by the viral surface protein hemagglutinin (HA). (cdc.gov)
  • In particular, the T-cell immune potential to protect against heterologous viral strains. (cdc.gov)
  • Influenza-specific CD8+ T cells recognize multiple of reagents and genetically modified mouse models has viral epitopes on target cells and antigen-presenting cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Taken together, our results may have an important impact in designing DC-based antitumor vaccines. (usask.ca)
  • Because peptide vaccine is completely synthetic, there is no virulence recovery or inactivation of incomplete problems, with low cost, safety, strong specificity, easy to save and application of the advantages, more and more attention to the industry. (omizzur.com)
  • There are two kinds of synthetic peptide vaccines, which are those with continuous epitopes and those with discontinuous epitopes. (omizzur.com)
  • The US company Inovio Pharmaceuticals launched a phase I clinical trial of INO-4800, its DNA vaccine for COVID-19. (nature.com)
  • These results evidence the adjuvant role of the vector itself (MVA) and support the clinical development of prophylactic and therapeutic anti-HIV vaccines based on MVA-B. (ub.edu)
  • Overall primary concerns are: extrapolating human clinical studies, seeding durable effective T cell resident memory (Trm), population human leucocyte antigen (HLA) coverage, and the potential for T cell-mediated immune escape. (mdpi.com)
  • This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will support basic, translational, and clinical research to improve the understanding of the effector or immunoregulatory potentials of NK cells for HIV prevention, control and/or eradication. (nih.gov)
  • Studies in two models of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and Theiler's murine encephalitogenic virus-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) have shown conclusively that epitope spreading plays a pathological role in ongoing disease and that blocking this process by inducing tolerance to spread myelin epitopes or blocking costimulation of T cells (necessary for epitope spreading) blocks (EAE) or inhibits (TMEV-IDD) ongoing clinical disease. (nature.com)
  • This meeting will feature in-person presentations by leading public and private companies, highlighting technical and clinical achievements over the past 12 months in the areas of cell therapy, gene therapy, gene editing, tissue engineering and broader regenerative medicine technologies. (meetingonthemed.com)
  • We leverage these tools to optimize T cell functions and rewrite the rules of the solid tumor microenvironment, enabling the potential for sustained clinical outcomes in patients. (meetingonthemed.com)
  • Adoptive cell transfer has been tested on lung and other cancers, with greatest success achieved in melanoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • A covalently crosslinked methacrylated (MA)‐alginate cryogel vaccine has been previously shown to generate a potent response against murine melanoma, but is not mechanically robust and requires a large 16G needle for delivery. (nsf.gov)
  • 05) by tetramer and Elispot analyses, and yielded specific T cells with significant cytotoxicity against HLA-matched melanoma cell lines. (duke.edu)
  • The cells then destroy the tumour cells that express the antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • This initiates a cytotoxic response against tumour cells expressing the antigen (against which the adaptive response has now been primed). (wikipedia.org)
  • In the beginning, UPR has protective effect, but in prolonged ER stress UPR triggers apoptotic cell death. (helsinki.fi)
  • Ready access to both the DC and apoptotic cells provided by this system will allow extension to other malignancies through the addition of a variety of apoptotic tumor cells and maturation stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immunological memory, or the ability of the adaptive immune response to recognize previously encountered pathogen epitopes with exquisite specificity and speed, is a fundamental principle in vaccine development, yet this process takes days to weeks to develop. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, a number of different bioinformatics tools have been developed in recent years to improve candidate selection and identification for novel epitopes for vaccine design. (omizzur.com)
  • And evaluate their potential as T cell epitopes. (omizzur.com)
  • From the perspective of global research and development of peptide vaccines, the research on the design of peptide vaccines targeting T and B cell epitopes has achieved good results, but there are still many problems to be further solved, including the optimal selection of epitopes, the optimal connection of epitopes, the development of suitable adjuvants and the application of vectors. (omizzur.com)
  • DC vaccines treated with IL-15 and p38 MAPK inhibitor are more effective than standard DC vaccines at generating antigen-specific Th17 T cells in vivo. (bmj.com)
  • In the ECP treatment, both apoptotic CTCL cells and transitioning DC are re-infused into the patient immediately and association of the DC and apoptotic tumor cells occurs inefficiently in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nanovaccines can improve antigen presentation, targeted delivery, stimulation of the body's innate immune system, and a strong T-cell response without putting people at risk. (researchgate.net)
  • These cells process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system, acting as messengers between the innate and the adaptive immune systems. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • The development of a vaccine against the infectious agent that attacks the immune system has proven to be extremely challenging. (aphios.com)
  • Conversely, the innate immune system, including epithelial barriers, the complement system, phagocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and Natural Killer (NK) cells, provides a much more rapid and less specific response to infection. (nih.gov)
  • AffyXell Therapeutics is a joint venture between Daewoong Pharmaceutical and Avacta Group, developing a novel cell and gene therapy to tackle diseases that come from the imbalance of immune system homeostasis. (meetingonthemed.com)
  • The observation that the immune system can also attack malignant cells has been known for many years but the cellular and molecular mechanisms have become clear in the last decades. (universiteitleiden.nl)
  • Basic research of the T cell immune system in many different aspects is central in his team. (universiteitleiden.nl)
  • We used radiation to obtain a MB49 cell antigen that was sensitive to bone marrow-derived DCs to prepare a DC vaccine. (geneticsmr.com)
  • peptide vaccine has the function of anti-virus, anti-tumor, anti-bacteria, anti-parasitic infection and so on. (omizzur.com)
  • We studied the expression of hsp 70 on primary colon carcinoma cells and its relevance in the cross-priming of anti-tumor CTL by tumor-loaded DCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DC IL-12 secretion and the ability to stimulate naïve T cells were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), tetramer analysis, Elispot, and (51)Cr release assay. (duke.edu)
  • After CD8 T cells were stimulated by DC loaded with malignant cells, they mediated increased apoptosis of residual CTCL cells and TNF-α secretion indicating development of enhanced cytolytic function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pfizer announced a joint effort with Germany's BioNTechSE to bring its COVID-19 mRNA vaccine into phase I trials by the end of April. (nature.com)
  • CTCL cell apoptosis, DC differentiation and apoptotic malignant T cell ingestion were measured by immunostaining. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using a cell apoptosis assay based on stimulation of a RANK:Fas fusion protein, and a cellular NF-kappaB signaling assay, we showed that R12-31 was agonist for both species. (cnrs.fr)
  • Since the investigation of vaccine dosing protocol in RCT is limited by feasibility issues, in-silico modeling can make an important contribution to the field, allowing the extensive exploration of different schedules and the identification of the immunological variables that correlate with the endpoints of interest ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • 1)Bettini E, Locci M. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines: Immunological Mechanism and Beyond. (stackexchange.com)
  • The Company is moving forward with planned animal testing for its cell-based vaccine platform in COVID-19 and looks forward to providing a more detailed timeline of activities including plans for initial human testing, assuming clearance from the FDA and/or other non-US regulatory bodies to do so. (pharmiweb.com)
  • DCneu displayed an upregulation of immunologically important molecules and inflammatory cytokines expression such as IL-6 that partially mediated conversion of the regulatory T (Tr) cell suppression. (usask.ca)
  • Our therapeutic HIV/AIDS vaccine consists of an inactivated a strain of HIV, inactivated by three orthogonal methods: a genetic method to attenuate the virus, a physical method called CFI and a chemical method called AT-2. (aphios.com)
  • Concerning treatment having a DC vaccine, our methods have two characteristics. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • METHODS: Hybrids were obtained by electrofusion of tumor cells and monocyte-derived DCs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Dendritic cells are extracted from the blood, then co-cultured with a lysate prepared from the patient's tumor cells and stimulated with granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (GM-CSF is the growth factor used to counteract the decrease in white blood cell count due to chemotherapy). (glioblastomamultiforme.it)
  • This cellular vaccine platform represents the culmination of extensive research and development already undertaken that leverages the Company' development and manufacturing expertise within the cell and gene therapy sector. (pharmiweb.com)
  • China's Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute (SGIMI) has begun phase I trials of LV-SMENP-DC , a cellular vaccine made up of dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with SARS-CoV-2 spike, membrane, nucleocapsid, envelope and protease (SMENP) minigenes along with immunomodulatory genes using a lentiviral vector. (nature.com)
  • Those vaccines included whole inactivated virus preparations, utilizing heat or formalin, or a recombinant envelope protein of HIV gp120. (aphios.com)
  • We have used a murine model in which the TAA is β-galactosidase (β-gal) and a panel of recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV) in which β-gal was expressed under early or late promoters at levels that varied over 500-fold during productive infections in tissue culture cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • These data indicate that promoter strength per se is not the most critical quality of a recombinant poxvirus-based tumor vaccine and that the use of promoters capable of driving the production of TAA in 'professional' antigen presenting cells may be crucial. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • One group was treated postoperatively with six cycles of the DC tumor vaccine. (geneticsmr.com)
  • Dendritic cells (DC) can be stimulated to activate a cytotoxic response towards an antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • In turn, these cells activate CD4+T cells and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Cytosine‐phosphodiester‐guanine (CpG)‐delivering tough cryogels effectively activate dendritic cells (DCs). (nsf.gov)