• Cancer that begins in the colon is called colon cancer, and cancer that begins in the rectum is called rectal cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome or SRUS is a chronic, benign disorder of the rectal mucosa (the lining of the rectum). (wikipedia.org)
  • Dyssynergic defecation causes high pressure in the rectum and in the anal canal, which causes lengthening and compression of the rectal tissues, which in turn leads to ischema of the mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rectal and Anorectal Narrowing (Strictures) Diseases of the rectum and anus can be congenital (inherited) or occur later in life. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • Rectal and Anorectal Narrowing (Strictures) The rectum is the final portion of the large intestine and marks the end of the digestive tract. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • Endoscopic full-thickness resection with endoscopic hand suturing for rectal neoplasm involved in an anastomotic line. (bvsalud.org)
  • 11. Outcomes of resection of stage IV rectal cancer with mesorectal excision. (nih.gov)
  • Rectal stenting may be used for recurrent or malignant strictures if surgical resection is not an option. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • Treatment in large animals may include resection of the strictured area or rectal pull-through. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • We recommend that laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer follow standard oncologic principles: Adequate distal margin, ligation at the origin of the arterial supply for the involved rectal segment, and mesorectal excision. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • For locally advanced adherent colon and rectal tumors, an en bloc resection is recommended. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • We suggest an open approach if a laparoscopic en bloc resection cannot be performed adequately. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Before surgeons apply the laparoscopic approach for the resection of curable colon and rectal cancer, they must have adequate knowledge, training, and experience in laparoscopic techniques and oncologic principles. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • The following recommendations regarding the safe performance of laparoscopic resection for curable colon and rectal cancer are intended for surgeons experienced in both minimally invasive surgery and the surgical treatment of patients with colon and rectal cancer. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Methods: Retrospective cost analysis of patients undergoing rectal resection within a multimodal (neoadjuvant chemoradiation + adjuvant chemotherapy) treatment strategy between January 1, 2010 and October 31, 2018, using the claims OptumLabs Data Warehouse database. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Impact of Duration of Neoadjuvant Radiation on Rectal Cancer Survival: A Real World Multi-center Retrospective Cohort Study. (medscape.com)
  • BACKGROUND: The utility of neoadjuvant radiotherapy (nRT) for the treatment of stage II and III rectal cancer is well-established. (medscape.com)
  • Using a population-based cohort of patients with stage II and III rectal cancer (RC) treated with curative intent, our aims were to (1) examine the patterns of nRT use and (2) explore the relationship between different nRT schedules and survival in the real-world setting. (medscape.com)
  • The disorder can be confused clinically with rectal cancer or other conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, even when a biopsy is done. (wikipedia.org)
  • 7. Selective approach for upper rectal cancer treatment: total mesorectal excision and preoperative chemoradiation are seldom necessary. (nih.gov)
  • 17. Tumour regression grading after chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a near pathologic complete response does not translate into good clinical outcome. (nih.gov)
  • Lymphoma, one of the four major types of cancer, is a neoplasm (an abnormal growth that serves no purpose) of the lymph tissue. (cancertutor.com)
  • Imaging studies are a major component in the evaluation of patients for the screening, staging, treatment and surveillance of rectal cancer. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of this study is to find out how effective the new combination of the drugs Capecitabine (Xeloda), Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin), and Irinotecan (Camptosar) are against colon and rectal cancer. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • All three of these drugs are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of colon or rectal cancer. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • This however is the first time that these three drugs have been combined in this schedule for the treatment of colon/rectal cancer. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • Not long ago, prostate cancer was commonly detected with a digital rectal examination, which revealed palpable neoplasms. (anh-usa.org)
  • A retrospective review was conducted for patients with rectal neoplasia, who underwent TAMIS using single incision laparoscopic surgery-Port from January 2013 till January 2016 by a group of colorectal surgeons from Gastrointestinal Center Unit III, Peking University Cancer Hospital. (wjgnet.com)
  • There has been a high local recurrence rate in rectal cancer. (hindawi.com)
  • Approximately 40-60% of rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation achieve some degree of pathologic response. (hindawi.com)
  • The articles produced by the PubMed search were reviewed for those specifically addressing a genetic profile's ability to predict response to neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer. (hindawi.com)
  • Although tissue gene microarray profiling has led to promising data in cancer, to date, none of the identified signatures or molecular markers in locally advanced rectal cancer has been successfully validated as a diagnostic or prognostic tool applicable to routine clinical practice. (hindawi.com)
  • The proportion of rectal cancer cases is variable depending on the cancer registry and classification of rectosigmoid tumours, ranging from 27% to 58% [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • nevertheless, studies have demonstrated that, for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) (stage T3, stage T4, or node-positive disease), preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemoradiation (CRT) significantly improves local control and reduces toxicity profiles compared with postoperative CRT but with similar survival rates [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Sixteen studies evaluating genetic profiles predicting outcome of neoadjuvant CRT in rectal cancer were found. (hindawi.com)
  • The first study on the application of a genetic signature to predict response to neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer appeared in 2005 [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • It included 30 patients from a data base pertaining to the German Group for the Study of Rectal Cancer [ 22 ] who received preoperative chemoradiation therapy (50.4 Gy of radiation, applied in 28 fractions and continuous infusion of 5FU). (hindawi.com)
  • We recommend that for patients with colon or rectal cancer, the chest, abdomen, and pelvis be evaluated preoperatively with CT scan. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • In patients with rectal cancer, we also recommend preoperative locoregional staging with endorectal ultrasound or MRI. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • While robotic surgery for colon and rectal cancer appears feasible and safe, in the absence of long-term oncologic outcome studies, no clear recommendation can be made. (guidelinecentral.com)
  • Robotic or transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) approach for rectal cancer, how about both? (nycu.edu.tw)
  • Background: To evaluate the economic burden of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treatment from a society perspective through analysis of health insurance-derived data of commercially insured and Medicare Advantage (MA) patients. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Cancer was detected in 1.2% and adenomatous polyps in 7.7% of patients with bright red rectal bleeding using flexible sigmoidoscopy. (hkmj.org)
  • Texas Colon & Rectal Specialists provide colorectal cancer surgical services throughout the state of Texas. (tcrscolondoctors.com)
  • The term colorectal cancer is used to describe both colon and rectal cancers. (tcrscolondoctors.com)
  • In fact, the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons reports that 80-90% of patients are restored to normal health if the cancer is diagnosed and treated early. (tcrscolondoctors.com)
  • A Texas Colon & Rectal Specialist can find and remove polyps during a screening colonoscopy, preventing them from growing into cancer. (tcrscolondoctors.com)
  • Around 90% of colon and rectal cancer patients incorrectly assume they have hemorrhoids because of symptoms including rectal itching and bleeding. (tcrscolondoctors.com)
  • Systematic preoperative radiochemotherapy and total mesorectal excision are the standard of care for locally advanced rectal carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • Recent studies have evaluated the potential of genetic biomarkers to predict outcome in locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation. (hindawi.com)
  • They were more likely to present with stage III or IV disease (p = 0.001), angiolymphatic invasion, signet cell ring adenocarcinoma, and rectal tumors (p = 0.02). (tau.ac.il)
  • This type of neoplasm is common in patients with advanced age, being sufficiently uncommon in children and diagnosied in advanced periods of training already, presenting one worse prognostic and supervened tax of below five year. (rmmg.org)
  • Inappropriate contraction of puborectalis in the squatting position causes traumatic compression of the rectal wall against the anal canal. (wikipedia.org)
  • The rectal examination reveals mild tenderness, an anal fissure in the eleven o'clock position, and a few external hemorrhoids . (medscape.com)
  • No mucosal lesion was detected by flexible sigmoidoscopy in 78.9% of patients in whom the rectal bleeding was due to either haemorrhoids or anal fissure. (hkmj.org)
  • 2. Rectal NETs and rectosigmoid junction NETs may need to be treated differently. (nih.gov)
  • The paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of 38 patients with rectal NENs after surgery were subjected to whole gene sequencing (WGS), and mutation profilings were drawn to identify high-frequency mutation genes, copy-number variations (CNVs), tumor mutation burden (TMB), signal pathways, mutation signatures, DNA damage repair (DDR) genes, and molecular types. (nih.gov)
  • His clinical practice is focused on the surgical treatment of colon and rectal cancers, inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease), and benign colon and anorectal diseases (diverticulitis, hemorrhoids, fistulas, fissures). (stanford.edu)
  • In a report of 36 patients with SRUS, the underlying cause was internal prolapse (intussusception) in 20 patients, external rectal prolapse in 14 patients, and dyssynergic defecation (anismus) in 2 patients. (wikipedia.org)
  • To review the diagnostic yield of flexible sigmoidoscopy in patients presenting with bright red rectal bleeding. (hkmj.org)
  • Patients who underwent flexible sigmoidoscopy between January 1995 and April 1996 for investigation of bright red rectal bleeding were recruited. (hkmj.org)
  • Flexible sigmoidoscopy appears to be a valuable initial investigation for bright red rectal bleeding in patients older than 40 years. (hkmj.org)
  • 3. Different patterns of lymphatic spread of sigmoid, rectosigmoid, and rectal cancers. (nih.gov)
  • Almost all rectal cancers are primary adenocarcinomas (see the images below). (medscape.com)
  • It commonly occurs with varying degrees of rectal prolapse. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common symptoms and signs are bleeding, which can vary from minor to severe, rectal prolapse and incomplete evacuation (35%-76% of cases). (wikipedia.org)
  • Rectal prolapse or other pelvic floor disorders. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some state that if SRUS is not treated, it would always tend to progress to rectal prolapse. (wikipedia.org)
  • The relationship of SRUS with rectal prolapse and rectal cystitis profunda is debated. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example the mucosal changes that occur with external rectal prolapse can be separated from the mucosal changes seen in SRUS. (wikipedia.org)
  • The excessive pressure caused by straining (dyssynergic defecation and constipation) may in the long term lead to development of the spectrum of rectal prolapse conditions (mucosal versus full-thickness prolapse, internal versus external rectal prolapse). (wikipedia.org)
  • Rectal strictures in pigs are seen secondary to enterocolitis, after repair of rectal prolapse, and as a sequela of ulcerative proctitis induced by salmonellae. (merckvetmanual.com)
  • Evaluation begins with a history and physical examination, including a digital rectal examination. (medscape.com)
  • For studies conducted in the United States, the pooled baseline resource cost was $37.23 for screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and $31.77 for screening with digital rectal examination (DRE). (cdc.gov)
  • In 1994 Lubke and colleagues estimated the costs of a first-year national testing program using PSA and digital rectal examination (DRE) for men aged 50 to 69 years to range from $17.6 to $25.7 billion (13). (cdc.gov)
  • Cite this: A 51-Year-Old Man Avoiding Sexual Intercourse Due to Rectal Pain - Medscape - Jul 05, 2022. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4-64 ] Of hematolymphoid neoplasms related to prior treatment, the vast majority are myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which have previously been well characterized. (medscape.com)
  • Rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare neoplasms with limited understanding of its genomic alterations and molecular typing. (nih.gov)
  • 4. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing surgical and oncological outcomes of upper rectal, rectosigmoid and sigmoid tumours. (nih.gov)
  • Lymphoma - neoplasm of lymph tissue that is most predominant in cats. (cancertutor.com)
  • Long term injury to the rectal mucosa and ischemic trauma are thought to be the main mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The rectal mucosa is fragile and vulnerable to trauma when such manoeuvres are performed chronically. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prolonged straining may cause direct trauma to the rectal mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
  • These conditions create chronic vascular trauma (ischemia/hypoperfusion) in the rectal mucosa, which predisposes it to ulceration, and pressure necrosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The rectal mucosa has multiple areas of nonbleeding ulcers, from which biopsies are obtained for histopathology and microbiologic studies. (medscape.com)