AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
AlbuminuriaDiabetic NephropathiesAlbuminsCreatinineSerum AlbuminGlomerular Filtration RateKidneyDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Blood PressureProteinuriaFosinoprilHypertensionKidney GlomerulusKidney DiseasesDiabetic AngiopathiesHemoglobin A, GlycosylatedAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsRisk FactorsBiological MarkersUrinalysisDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalKidney Function TestsHypertension, RenalAntihypertensive AgentsReference ValuesAcetylglucosaminidaseDiabetic RetinopathyEnalaprilSerum Albumin, BovinePodocytesBlood GlucoseDisease ProgressionAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersCardiovascular DiseasesFollow-Up StudiesBlood Pressure Monitoring, AmbulatoryTetrazolesOrgan SizePredictive Value of TestsNephelometry and TurbidimetryCross-Sectional StudiesProspective StudiesUrinary BladderKidney Failure, ChronicCohort StudiesRenin-Angiotensin SystemSodium Chloride, DietaryTime FactorsRegression AnalysisDiabetic NeuropathiesCollagen Type IVUrinary Tract InfectionsCircadian RhythmRenal InsufficiencyGlomerulosclerosis, Focal SegmentalBody WeightDiabetes MellitusPrevalenceRats, Inbred DahlCystatin CRenal CirculationRenal Insufficiency, ChronicDouble-Blind MethodPeptidyl-Dipeptidase ARats, Sprague-DawleySystoleNephrectomyKidney CortexUrinary TractInsulinDiabetes ComplicationsC-Reactive ProteinBenzimidazolesLipidsCalcium Channel BlockersLinear ModelsLosartanHypertrophy, Left VentricularRats, WistarSex CharacteristicsMultivariate AnalysisUrinary IncontinenceBody Mass IndexSeverity of Illness IndexTransforming Growth Factor beta1Hypoglycemic AgentsIncidenceUrinary CalculiKidney TubulesRats, Inbred SHRDiastoleTransforming Growth Factor betaCase-Control StudiesAngiotensin IIDisease Models, AnimalAnalysis of VarianceOxidative StressOdds RatioDrug Therapy, Combination
CreatinineRatioRenalType 2 diabetProteinMacroalbuminuriaMeasurementUAERPrevalenceCapillaryProteinuriaMicroalbuminuriaGlomerularReductionConcentrationsDiabetic patientsVascularRateDeterminationDetectionConcentrationEndothelialKidney damageSodiumInvestigateAnalyzerDiabetesRiskPhysicalHumanPresentIndividuals
Creatinine26
  • 2011), we mapped three significant and one suggestive QTL on Chromosomes (Chrs) 1, 4, 15, and 17, respectively, for increased albumin excretion (measured as albumin-to-creatinine ratio) in a cross between the MRL/MpJ and SM/J mouse inbred strains. (jax.org)
  • Inclusion requirements had been type 2 diabetes, age group 40C75 years, energetic diabetic nephropathy (UAE 15C300 mg/24 h or comparable albumin-to-creatinine proportion [men 1.25C25, females 1.75C35 mg/mmol] in two of three samples within 2C6 weeks) despite ACE-Is and/or ARBs in unchanged dose for at least three months, glycated hemoglobin (A1C) 8.5%, and around glomerular filtration rate of 30 ml/min. (ampkpathway.com)
  • Main laboratory results included hematocrit 44%, glycemia 78 mg/dL, serum creatinine 1.07 mg/dL, creatinine clearance of 74 mL/min, sodium 143 mEq/L, potassium 3.9 mEq/L, serum albumin 4.3 g/dL, and 24-hour urinary albumin excretion 250 mg/day. (hindawi.com)
  • 2 In 2012-13, just over half (56.9%) of all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults with known diabetes met the management target for triglycerides and almost half (44.4%) met the target for albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), which measures levels of kidney damage. (abs.gov.au)
  • Blood and urine samples were collected from mice and blood glucose, serum creatinine, urinary albumin excretion and urinary β2‑microglobulin were measured. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • HPS was found to reduce the blood glucose concentration, serum creatinine levels, urinary albumin excretion rates and urinary β2‑microglobulin in a dose‑dependent manner. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Urinary albumin and urinary creatinine are measured in a random urine collected in the MEC. (cdc.gov)
  • Note: See Analytical Note on comparing the urine albumin-creatinine ratio of the random urine (first collection) and the follow-up first-morning void urine (second collection). (cdc.gov)
  • Urinary albumin and urinary creatinine are measured in a random urine collected in the MEC (first collection) and a first morning void urine collected by the participant at home (second collection). (cdc.gov)
  • Urine albumin-creatinine ratio is used to classify stages of chronic kidney disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Therefore, measurement of urinary albumin and creatinine concentrations are performed and an albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) was determined from both a random urine and a first morning void. (cdc.gov)
  • Creatinine measurement is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases, in monitoring renal dialysis, and is used to standardize other urinary analytes (e.g. environmental chemicals). (cdc.gov)
  • The ratio of urine albumin to urine creatinine is used to predict nephropathy risk in diabetic patients. (cdc.gov)
  • Since the ACR depends not only on urinary albumin but also on urinary creatinine excretion, it will be affected by gender and age because muscle mass is lower in females than in males and decreases with age. (cdc.gov)
  • The American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) define MAU as an albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) between 30 and 300 μg/mg in both men and women. (scirp.org)
  • ACR (μg albumin/mg creatinine) was calculated. (scirp.org)
  • The serum creatinine was elevated at 168 μmol/L, and serum globulins were increased with low serum albumin (27 g/dL). (cdc.gov)
  • Related laboratory index tests were also performed to analyze the prevalence and associated risk factors of MAU that may possibly affect the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Associations of urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) and eGFR with incident stroke were examined in 25,310 participants of the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, a prospective study of black and white US adults ≥45 years of age. (nih.gov)
  • Ten otherwise healthy patients participated, age: 36.5 yr +/- 7.9, diabetes duration: 23.7 yr +/- 2.9, urinary albumin excretion (UAE): 5.8 micrograms/min x/ divided by 2.2, se-creatinine and blood pressure were normal and only background retinopathy was present. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • A urinary albu- min/creatinine ratio of 3.0 g/mol, assumed as diagnostic of microalbuminuria, was found to correlate with a cut-off value of 24 mg/L for microproteinuria. (who.int)
  • Indeed, in Invokana's phase 3 program, the company saw a remarkable ~50% reduction in urinary albumin/creatinine ratios in the ~1,000 patients with renal impairment (to boot, 80% were already on an ACEi or ARB therapy). (closeconcerns.com)
  • For comparison, the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) losartan (a blood pressure drug that is one of the current standard-of-care choices for chronic kidney disease patients) led to a 39% reduction in urinary albumin/creatinine ratios in clinical testing. (closeconcerns.com)
  • NCT02065791 ) will enroll ~3,700 type 2 diabetes patients (A1c from 6.5% to 10.5%) with diabetic nephropathy (eGFR between 30 and 90 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) and macroalbuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 300-5,000 mg/g). (closeconcerns.com)
  • and measured fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum creatinine, and urinary albumin excretion (UAE). (cdc.gov)
  • Diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, urinalysis, and urine albumin /creatinine ratio. (msdmanuals.com)
Ratio1
  • However, again there is no be significantly ameliorated by intervention, agreement on the reference albumin/creati- instituted early in the course of the devel- nine ratio cut-off. (who.int)
Renal3
  • Although dysregulated lipid metabolism results in diabetic nephropathy (DN) development in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it is not understood whether betatrophin is associated with urinary albumin excretion and renal function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present case illustrates the reduction rate of urinary podocyte loss and proteinuria after amiloride administration and suggests the molecular pathways involved in Alport renal disease. (hindawi.com)
  • No significant differences for any renal test were found between the exposed workers and control shift workers, but albumin was significantly lower in the control day workers than in the exposed workers and control shift workers. (bmj.com)
Type 2 diabet3
  • OBJECTIVE To investigate the result of benfotiamine about urinary albumin excretion (UAE) as well as the tubular harm marker kidney damage molecule-1 (KIM-1) in individuals with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. (ampkpathway.com)
  • We looked into whether benfotiamine leads to decrease in urinary albumin excretion (UAE) or tubulointerstitial harm markers in sufferers with type 2 diabetes and elevated UAE despite ACE-Is or ARBs. (ampkpathway.com)
  • In those with type 2 diabetes, CAN was associated with elevated triglycerides and increased urinary albumin excretion. (cdc.gov)
Protein6
  • Protein loss in the urine due to damage of the glomeruli may become massive, and cause a low serum albumin with resulting generalized body swelling (edema) so called nephrotic syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Twenty-four hour urinary protein excretion increased progressively with increasing dietary protein (LPD 6.1 g, NPD 8.2 g, HPD 9.2 g). (portlandpress.com)
  • Albumin is a protein found in the blood and having too much albumin in the urine is a sign of kidney disease. (nih.gov)
  • urinary protein excretion was measured at 2.54 g/L. The patient was anemic, with a hemoglobin of 7.2 g/dL with normal leukocyte and platelet counts. (cdc.gov)
  • The quantitative protein excretion is less than 1 g/day. (medscape.com)
  • Normal urine protein excretion is up to 150 mg/day. (medscape.com)
Macroalbuminuria4
  • The prevalence of increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE) (micro- and macroalbuminuria) and its association with diabetic retinopathy (DR) (evaluated by fluorescent angiography), coronary heart disease (CHD), and various related risk factors were studied in 320 type 2 diabetic patients. (nih.gov)
  • RESULTS -Urinary TGF-β1 and Amadori albumin were elevated in patients with micro- or macroalbuminuria. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Standardized regression effects (SREs) for macroalbuminuria versus normoalbuminuria were 2.45 (95% CI 1.88-3.18, P = 0.0001 for urinary TGF-β1) and 1.67 (1.34-2.07, P = 0.001 for Amadori albumin). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS -Elevated levels of urinary TGF-β1 in macroalbuminuria were associated with elevations in Amadori albumin and HbA 1c and also in blood pressure. (diabetesjournals.org)
Measurement3
  • 2. Compliance was confirmed by dietary history and measurement of urinary urea excretion. (portlandpress.com)
  • A solid-phase fluorescent immunoassay for the measurement of human urinary albumin is described by Chavers et al. (cdc.gov)
  • It is especially useful for the measurement of low levels of urinary albumin not detectable by dipstick methods. (cdc.gov)
UAER2
  • The correlation between ABPM and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in T1DM has been found to be stronger than the correlation between clinic blood pressure (BP) and UAER ( 10 ). (ispub.com)
  • When expressed as an excretion rate (ie, urine albumin excretion rate [UAER]), this concentration averages 2.6-12.6 µg/min in males and 1.1-21.9 µg/min in females. (medscape.com)
Prevalence1
Capillary2
  • the 1-h decline rate of intravenous 125 I-albumin, a measure of integrity of systemic capillary endothelium), albuminuria and forearm vasodilation. (portlandpress.com)
  • recent studies suggest that C-peptide may improve capillary blood flow in the feet, decrease urinary albumin excretion, and improve nerve function in individuals with type 1 diabetes. (medscape.com)
Proteinuria1
  • Urinary podocyte loss is a silent phenomenon that precedes proteinuria in glomerular diseases [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Microalbuminuria2
  • The detection of low levels of albumin excretion (termed microalbuminuria) has been linked to the identification of the early stages of diabetic kidney disease. (medscape.com)
  • Microalbuminuria is referred to as the excretion of 30-300 mg of albumin daily or 20-200 µg of albumin per minute. (medscape.com)
Glomerular1
  • The objective of this study was to examine the joint associations of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin excretion with incident stroke in a large national cohort study. (nih.gov)
Reduction1
  • 0·0001), mainly due to a reduction in urinary albumin excretion. (gla.ac.uk)
Concentrations3
  • Increased albumin excretion in industrial workers due to shift work rather than to prolonged exposure to low concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons. (bmj.com)
  • OBJECTIVES--It has been reported that groups of workers in petrochemical industries who have been exposed to low concentrations of chemicals for prolonged periods have an increased urinary albumin excretion compared with unexposed controls. (bmj.com)
  • Although toxicity associated with gold therapy may be related to gold accumulation in the tissues, there is no apparent relationship between serum or urinary gold concentrations and the onset of toxicity. (sas-centre.org)
Diabetic patients1
  • Insulin stimulates albumin gene expression and albumin secretion from hepatocyte in both healthy subjects and diabetic patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Vascular2
  • We sought to examine the role of both urinary and circulating TGF-β1 and its promoter Amadori albumin in the vascular complications of type 1 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Both treatments significantly and similarly decreased urinary albumin excretion, the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and augmentation index (AI). (druglib.com)
Rate1
  • Current CKD screening recommendations include annual urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) testing for anyone who has had T1D for at least five years. (nih.gov)
Determination1
  • The fluorescent immunoassay is a non-competitive, double-antibody method for the determination of human albumin in urine. (cdc.gov)
Detection1
  • Results of the fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) are reproducible, and the test is accurate and sensitive for the detection of human urinary albumin excretion. (cdc.gov)
Concentration1
  • Urinary gold excretion follows a similar pattern to that of the plasma gold concentration. (sas-centre.org)
Endothelial1
  • We hypothesized that a chronically high sodium intake would be associated with increases in biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, specifically serum uric acid (SUA) and urine albumin excretion (UAE), and that high sodium intake would be associated with incident hypertension among those with higher SUA and UAE. (qxmd.com)
Kidney damage1
  • However, urinary albumin abnormalities are not observed in all patients with DKD at stages I and II, making it challenging to confirm the presence of any irreversible kidney damage in these cases. (spandidos-publications.com)
Sodium1
Investigate1
  • The aim of the present study was to investigate the suggestion that the small increase in albumin excretion might be due to differences in physical workload between the exposed and control groups or to the fact that the exposed workers are shift workers whereas the controls are employed on day duty. (bmj.com)
Analyzer1
Diabetes1
  • Optimal Frequency of Urinary Albumin Screening in Type 1 Diabetes" appears Nov. 2 in Diabetes Care . (nih.gov)
Risk2
  • People with AER of 21-30 mg per 24 hours and a HbA1c of at least 9% are at high risk for developing CKD and could be screened for urine albumin every six months. (nih.gov)
  • Due to the risk of anticholinergic complications, caution should be used in patients susceptible to intestinal or urinary outlet obstructions. (janusinfo.se)
Physical2
  • Failure to adhere to guidelines was found to be predominant in the pre-analytical phase, as no article reported any data on pre-analytical variables potentially influencing albumin excretion such as posture, physical activity, and fever. (degruyter.com)
  • The following selection criteria are only applicable to subjects with liver dysfunction (groups B and D): combined with previous medical history, physical examination results, serological indicators (such as albumin, ALT, AST, bilirubin, prothrombin time, INR, etc. (who.int)
Human2
  • Antibody to human albumin is covalently attached to derivatized polyacrylamide beads. (cdc.gov)
  • There is insufficient information on the excretion of hyoscine butylbromide and its metabolites in human milk. (janusinfo.se)
Present1
  • the fluorescence is directly proportional to the amount of urine albumin present. (cdc.gov)
Individuals1
  • To check whether benfotiamine decreases 24-h UAE or 24-h KIM-1 excretion, 38 evaluable individuals per group had been required to identify an impact of size 0.65 (power 80%, = 0.05, one-sided test). (ampkpathway.com)