UrethraLeft ureterPelvicUpper ureterObstructionSingle system ureterCarry urineCystsEctopicAccumulate in the kidneysStentPelvisRight ureterBifidPrevent urine from flowAbnormalitiesMulticystic dysplaUreteral stonesIliac vesselsUrine to the bladderDistalUrinary Tract DisHorseshoeFlow of urineVesicoureteralBlood-filterBean-shapedBlockageThin tubesUreteropelvicRefluxComplicationsInfectionUltrasoundCaused a kidney stoneProduce urineMinerals and saltsMuscularMegaureterUrologyTractDiseasesScanArteriesChronicAbdomenFlowsPsoasOrgans that filterTubes calledAngiographyStones movePole of theTube that connectsArteryDrainsRenal cortexPelvicalyceal systemSurgeryAdult
Urethra7
- The male urinary tract within the outline of male body, which includes kidney, ureter, bladder, prostate and urethra. (nih.gov)
- Your urinary system includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. (mayoclinic.org)
- 9 cases with upper moiety dilation showed complete duplication of the pelvicalyceal systems and ureters, among them 3 cases with ectopic ureteric insertion into the upper vagina, bladder neck and posterior urethra, one case with normal ureteric insertion and vesicoureteric reflux and the other 5 cases with terminal ureteric ureteroceles. (scirp.org)
- The organs of the urinary system include kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. (clevelandclinic.org)
- The kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra make up the urinary system. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Many conditions can affect your ureters, kidneys, bladder and urethra. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause issues with your kidneys, urethra or bladder. (clevelandclinic.org)
Left ureter6
- Intraoperative findings were horseshoe kidney with right intrarenal pelvis with right small ureter joining left ureter just distal to narrowed left pelviureteric junction and forming single common ureter draining both moieties of horse shoe kidney. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- A CT scan revealed the mass at the distal ends of the left ureter with no lymphatic or distant metastasis. (hindawi.com)
- A CT scan showed a small tumor at the distal one-third of the left ureter with dilation of the upper ureter and ipsilateral renal pelvis. (hindawi.com)
- A cystoscopic examination revealed a tumor in the left ureter. (hindawi.com)
- Specifically, the cecum, appendix, and ascending colon lie over the right ureter, and the descending and sigmoid colon lie over the left ureter. (medscape.com)
- The left ureter was normal but there was a moderate stenosis in the right ureter and a double-pigtail ureteral stent was placed. (medscape.com)
Pelvic1
- From the iliac vessels to the bladder, the ureter is called the pelvic ureter. (medscape.com)
Upper ureter2
- The upper ureter is more likely to be associated with ectopic insertion, ureterocele, and/or obstruction, whereas the lower ureter is more frequently associated with VUR. (medscape.com)
- The upper ureter is supplied by the renal artery and by branches from the gonadal artery and aorta. (medscape.com)
Obstruction6
- Renal trauma includes hemorrhage, urinoma, loss of function of kidney, pseudoaneurysm formation, arteriovenous fistula (rare), renal hypertension, and obstruction of collecting system and renal artery aneurysm (pseudo). (medscape.com)
- Horseshoe kidney is usually asymptomatic but association with ureteropelvic junction obstruction, infection, and urolithiasis has been frequently reported and other rare associations including polycystic horseshoe kidney, malignancies, and vascular anomalies have been reported. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- Urology addresses diseases of kidney (and urinary tract) anatomy: these include cancer, renal cysts, kidney stones and ureteral stones, and urinary tract obstruction. (wikipedia.org)
- Reflux that is secondary to high bladder pressures such as those occurring in patients with posterior urethral valves (PUV) or bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is frequently associated with kidney injury. (medscape.com)
- Background: Incomplete ureteric duplication can be associated with either ureteropelvic obstruction involving the lower moiety or reflux between the ureters (yo-yo reflux). (scirp.org)
- Pathologic variants of the ureter are also prevalent and can manifest as urinary obstruction, renal failure, and infection. (medscape.com)
Single system ureter2
- Association of choledochal cyst along with horseshoe kidney with a single system ureter seems to be first case to be reported in literature to best of our knowledge. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- To document the array of diagnostic modalities, the variety of errant diagnoses and treatments, and the time from initial presentation to ultimate diagnosis in girls with an ectopic single-system ureter draining an ectopic hypoplastic and/or dysplastic kidney. (elsevierpure.com)
Carry urine4
- The ureters are the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. (medlineplus.gov)
- Ureters carry urine from kidneys into urinary bladder. (theessaygurus.com)
- Normally, two tubes called ureters carry urine from your kidneys to your bladder. (medicinenet.com)
- The ureters are paired muscular ducts with narrow lumina that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. (medscape.com)
Cysts3
- Exact evaluation of the hydronephrosis was impossible due to the presence of numerous kidney cysts. (medscape.com)
- Renal ultrasonography reveals multiple cysts in both kidneys as well as isthmus without hydronephrosis. (medscape.com)
- The ultrasound after stent removal showed multiple cysts in both kidneys as well as the isthmus. (medscape.com)
Ectopic4
- An ectopic kidney may remain in the pelvis, near the bladder. (nih.gov)
- Between 1990 and 1997, seven females were identified who had an ectopic hypoplastic and/or dysplastic kidney with an ectopically draining ureter, and who were treated at our institutions, either initially or upon referral. (elsevierpure.com)
- When the initial evaluation yields the diagnosis of a solitary kidney, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of a hypoplastic and/or dysplastic, often ectopic, contralateral kidney with an ectopically draining ureter. (elsevierpure.com)
- Ectopic ureter occurs when the ureter drains to an abnormally located (ectopic) orifice. (medscape.com)
Accumulate in the kidneys2
- Kidney stones are a hard, solid mass of minerals or salts that accumulate in the kidneys. (medicinenet.com)
- Kidney stones are made from hard crystals that accumulate in the kidneys when there is too much solid waste in the urine and not enough liquid to wash it out. (news-medical.net)
Stent6
- The stent keeps the ureter open. (epnet.com)
- A flexible tube (stent) is placed in your ureter to keep the urine flowing through the kidney if required. (maxhealthcare.in)
- How to stent the ureter after kidney transplantation in children? (bvsalud.org)
- On performing a kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB) radiograph to assess the correct position of the stent, we noted an unusual stent path (Figure 1). (medscape.com)
- The KUB showed lateral deviation of the JJ stent within the right ureter (Figure 1). (medscape.com)
- The JJ stent was also visible in the right ureter (Figure 2). (medscape.com)
Pelvis9
- The incidence of renal pelvis cancer associated with horseshoe kidney has been estimated at 19.8% and renal cell carcinoma has accounted for approximately 50.0% of malignancies found in horseshoe kidney. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- Ureters are paired muscular tubes that run from the renal pelvis to the bladder and travel through retroperitoneal connective tissue in a serpentine fashion. (medscape.com)
- From the renal pelvis to the iliac vessels, the ureter is referred to as the abdominal ureter. (medscape.com)
- These two thin tubes inside your pelvis carry pee from your kidneys to your bladder. (clevelandclinic.org)
- In the fetus, kidneys first develop in the pelvis and then move up and rotate into their normal location in the upper abdomen. (merckmanuals.com)
- The size of the tumor had decreased 3 months after the treatment, and dilation of the ureter and renal pelvis improved. (hindawi.com)
- Premature bifurcation may lead to incomplete duplication of the ureter or bifid pelvis. (medscape.com)
- The ureters course medial to the sacroiliac joint and then curve laterally in the pelvis. (medscape.com)
- The ureter enters the pelvis, where it crosses anteriorly to the iliac vessels, which usually occurs at the bifurcation of the common iliac artery into the internal and external iliac arteries. (medscape.com)
Right ureter1
- We performed an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan to rule-out mass lesions that could possibly displace the right ureter. (medscape.com)
Bifid2
- A patient with a duplication anomaly may have bifid ureters (partial or incomplete duplication) or two ureters that empty separately into the bladder (complete duplication). (medscape.com)
- Duplex kidney drains into single, bifid, or double ureters. (scirp.org)
Prevent urine from flow1
- At the bladder, each ureter passes through an opening in the bladder wall, which closes when the bladder contracts to prevent urine from flowing back into the ureter (reflux). (msdmanuals.com)
Abnormalities1
- Developmental abnormalities of the ureter encompass a wide range of disorders. (medscape.com)
Multicystic dyspla1
- Absence of the ureteric bud leads to renal agenesis, whereas incomplete ingrowth or ureteral atresia results in multicystic dysplastic kidney. (medscape.com)
Ureteral stones2
- ESWL can be performed without anaesthesia for kidney and ureteral stones. (goldstadt-privatklinik.de)
- Kidney stones or ureteral stones (kidney stones that move to your ureter) can cause severe pain and block the flow of pee. (clevelandclinic.org)
Iliac vessels2
- The ureters run through 3 natural areas of narrowing: the ureteropelvic junction, the crossing of the iliac vessels, and the ureterovesical junction (UVJ). (medscape.com)
- The ovarian vessels travel in the suspensory ligament of the ovary (infundibulopelvic ligament) and cross the ureter anteriorly and lateral to the iliac vessels. (medscape.com)
Urine to the bladder1
- Each kidney is attached to a ureter, a tube that carries excreted urine to the bladder. (wikipedia.org)
Distal1
- A ureterocele is a congenital saccular dilatation of the distal segment of the ureter. (medscape.com)
Urinary Tract Dis1
- Evaluation of Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders A doctor obtains a medical history by interviewing a person. (merckmanuals.com)
Horseshoe14
- The horseshoe kidney is the most prevalent renal fusion abnormality. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- A horseshoe kidney with only one ureter is a rare malformation. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- Horseshoe kidney with a single ureter and other associations have been reported in literature, however none of these cases have been associated with choledochal cyst. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- Surgeons must proceed cautiously when dealing with a Horseshoe kidney patient. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- The horseshoe kidney is a developmental defect which often occurs at 4-6 weeks of intrauterine life and is the most prevalent renal fusion abnormality, affecting upto 0.25% of the general population [ 1 ]. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- CT Urography was suggestive of horseshoe kidney with lower poles fusion. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- There was preserved right moiety function (71.6%) with ERPF of 39.75 m/min with normal cortico-calyceal transit and non-obstructed excretion in a case of horseshoe kidney. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- The most prevalent renal fusion abnormality, the horseshoe kidney occurs as a result of anomalous fusion of lower poles of the kidney at the level of developing inferior mesenteric artery forming a parenchymatous isthmus. (pediatricurologycasereports.com)
- On CT scan, we found that the kidneys were also in a horseshoe formation (Figure 2) and the diagnosis of polycystic horseshoe kidney was confirmed. (medscape.com)
- About 1 in 1000 individuals has some type of renal fusion, the most common being the horseshoe kidney. (medscape.com)
- The incidence of horseshoe kidney is 1 in 400 to 1 in 800 people, and is more common in boys than girls. (medscape.com)
- The horseshoe kidney is usually lower than normal because the inferior mesenteric artery limits its ascent. (medscape.com)
- It is not uncommon for urologists to be involved in the care of patients with either adult polycystic kidney disease or horseshoe kidney disease. (medscape.com)
- Cite this: Polycystic Horseshoe Kidney Anomaly - Medscape - Sep 01, 2009. (medscape.com)
Flow of urine2
- It slows the flow of urine from the kidney and can cause kidney damage. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- If a kidney stone becomes lodged in the ureters, it may block the flow of urine and cause the kidney to swell and the ureter to spasm, which can be very painful. (mayoclinic.org)
Vesicoureteral1
- We treat vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) to prevent any permanent kidney damage. (uvahealth.com)
Blood-filter2
- In humans, the kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped blood-filtering organs that are a multilobar multipapillary form of mammalian kidney, usually without signs of external lobulation. (wikipedia.org)
- Two kidneys (blood-filtering organs). (clevelandclinic.org)
Bean-shaped3
- Kidneys The kidneys are bean-shaped organs that figure prominently in the urinary tract. (msdmanuals.com)
- The human kidney is a bean-shaped structure with a convex and a concave border. (wikipedia.org)
- Your kidneys are bean-shaped organs about the size of your fist (see Figure 1), located near the middle of your back. (mskcc.org)
Blockage4
- Blockage makes the kidney swell. (epnet.com)
- A blockage where the ureters connect to the kidney. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- It can be caused by a birth defect or by a blockage and can lead to kidney damage. (intermountainhealthcare.org)
- Blockage of urine flow also can raise the pressure inside the kidneys and damage them over time. (merckmanuals.com)
Thin tubes1
- As stones move into your ureters - the thin tubes that allow urine to pass from your kidneys to your bladder - signs and symptoms can result. (mayoclinic.org)
Reflux3
- Reflux-induced kidney injury may range from clinically silent focal scars to generalized scarring and renal atrophy (reflux nephropathy), which may lead to morbidity during pregnancy, renin-mediated hypertension, renal insufficiency, and even end-stage renal disease. (medscape.com)
- Results: 9 cases with upper moiety dilation showed complete duplication of the pelvicalyceal systems and ureters and 1 case with dilated upper moiety showed incomplete ureteric duplication in which the diagnosis of Yo-yo reflux was confirmed by color duplex ultrasound in addition to the intravenous pyelography findings. (scirp.org)
- Conclusion: The presence of antegrade/retrograde flow within the dilated moiety of a duplex kidney during color duplex study in addition to the intravenous pyelography findings can confirm the diagnosis of yo-yo reflux. (scirp.org)
Complications1
- Kidney infections can lead to serious complications, such as sepsis , which involves an infection entering the bloodstream. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Infection4
- If a person does not receive treatment, a UTI can lead to a kidney infection . (medicalnewstoday.com)
- If a person suspects that they have a kidney infection, they should see a doctor right away. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Receiving treatment early on can help prevent the infection from reaching the kidneys. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Children A urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection of the urinary bladder ( cystitis), the kidneys ( pyelonephritis), or both. (merckmanuals.com)
Ultrasound2
- A renal (REE-nul) ultrasound uses sound waves to make images of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. (kidshealth.org)
- During the scan, an ultrasound machine sends sound waves into the kidney area and images are recorded on a computer. (kidshealth.org)
Produce urine1
- The kidneys produce urine to help carry waste out of the body. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Minerals and salts1
- Kidney stones (also called renal calculi, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis) are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. (mayoclinic.org)
Muscular2
- The rest of the urinary tract consists of the following: Two ureters (the tubes connecting each kidney to the bladder) The bladder (an expandable muscular. (msdmanuals.com)
- Pee travels out of the kidneys through the ureters (pronounced: YUR-uh-ters) to be stored in the bladder (a muscular sac in the lower belly). (kidshealth.org)
Megaureter2
- A megaureter is a wide ureter, greater than 7 mm in diameter. (medscape.com)
- The term megaureter refers to an enlarged ureter. (medscape.com)
Urology1
- An understanding of the anatomic relations of the ureters is critical to the practice of urology, as well as to the disciplines of gynecologic, vascular, and general surgery. (medscape.com)
Tract14
- Injury to the kidney and ureter is damage to the organs of the upper urinary tract. (medlineplus.gov)
- The kidneys, the pelvocaliceal system, and the ureters constitute the upper GU tract. (medscape.com)
- Overview of the Urinary Tract Normally, a person has two kidneys. (msdmanuals.com)
- Plain films of the abdomen are now rarely used to evaluate kidney and urinary tract disease. (medscape.com)
- Plain films are not sensitive enough to exclude tumors of the kidney or urothelial tract. (medscape.com)
- Intravenous pyelography (IVP) was the earliest imaging technique to define the anatomy of the renal and urinary tract using iodinated contrast injection, which is excreted by the kidneys into the collecting system. (medscape.com)
- The kidneys are the part of the urinary tract that makes urine (pee). (kidshealth.org)
- After the kidneys make urine, it leaves the body using the rest of the urinary tract as a pathway. (kidshealth.org)
- The kidneys are key players in the urinary tract. (kidshealth.org)
- Then, if needed, they'll order tests to get pictures of your kidneys and urinary tract. (webmd.com)
- Kidney stones can affect any part of your urinary tract - from your kidneys to your bladder. (mayoclinic.org)
- Pain caused by a kidney stone may change - for instance, shifting to a different location or increasing in intensity - as the stone moves through your urinary tract. (mayoclinic.org)
- Sometimes, the bacteria infect more distant parts of the tract, such as the kidneys. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Overview of Kidney and Urinary Tract Birth Defects Birth defects are more common in the kidney and urinary system (urinary tract) than in any other system of the body. (merckmanuals.com)
Diseases2
- Download Media Please credit each image as: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health. (nih.gov)
- Nephrology is the medical specialty which addresses diseases of kidney function: these include CKD, nephritic and nephrotic syndromes, acute kidney injury, and pyelonephritis. (wikipedia.org)
Scan2
- and kidney biopsy and CT scan to evaluate for abnormal anatomy. (wikipedia.org)
- CT scan demonstrates polycystic kidneys with fusion of the lower poles. (medscape.com)
Arteries2
- Your blood enters each kidney through lots of little arteries. (clevelandclinic.org)
- The arterial supply of the middle ureter is derived from the common iliac and gonadal arteries. (medscape.com)
Chronic2
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been recognized as a leading public health problem worldwide. (wikipedia.org)
- 5. eGFR =30 mL/min/1.73 m2 at screening, as per the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. (who.int)
Abdomen3
- Plain film of the abdomen revealing a radiopaque staghorn calculus involving the entire pelvicalyceal system of the right kidney (arrows). (medscape.com)
- The kidneys are located toward the back of the upper abdomen. (mayoclinic.org)
- You have two kidneys, one on either side of the back of your abdomen, just below your rib cage. (clevelandclinic.org)
Flows2
- Urine formed in the kidneys flows through the ureters into the bladder, but it does not flow passively. (msdmanuals.com)
- After surgery, pee flows from your kidneys through your ureters and ileal conduit and out of your stoma. (medicinenet.com)
Psoas3
- Only 6% of patients with GU trauma have ureteral injuries, probably due to the small size and mobility of the ureter, along with the protection provided by the psoas muscle posteriorly, the abdominal viscera anteriorly, and the vertebral column medially. (medscape.com)
- The ureter is located anterior to the psoas and close to the posterior aspect of the peritoneum. (medtronic.com)
- The ureter then continues anteriorly on the psoas major muscle, crossing under the gonadal vein at the level of the inferior pole of the kidney. (medscape.com)
Organs that filter2
- Defects can develop in the Kidneys-the two organs that filter waste from. (merckmanuals.com)
- Types of Kidney Defects There are several different birth defects that affect the kidneys (the two organs that filter waste from the blood to make urine). (merckmanuals.com)
Tubes called1
- The urine travels from the kidneys to the bladder via tubes called the ureters. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Angiography1
- Multidetector CT scanners can provide even greater image resolution, along with the possibility of CT angiography of the kidneys. (medscape.com)
Stones move1
- Relaxing the ureter could help stones move through the tube more easily, the researchers say. (news-medical.net)
Pole of the1
- Similarly, the lower pole of the kidney is drained by the lower-pole ureter. (medscape.com)
Tube that connects2
- It can also move into the tube that connects your kidney to your bladder . (webmd.com)
- They have identified a combination of two drugs that relax the walls of the ureter -- the tube that connects the kidneys to the bladder -- and can be delivered directly to the ureter with a catheter-like instrument. (news-medical.net)
Artery3
- A recessed area on the concave border is the renal hilum, where the renal artery enters the kidney and the renal vein and ureter leave. (wikipedia.org)
- Relation of the uterine artery to the ureter during hysterectomy. (medscape.com)
- The ureter begins at the level of the renal artery and vein posterior to these structures. (medscape.com)
Drains1
- The upper pole ureter drains the upper pole of a duplex kidney. (medscape.com)
Renal cortex1
- The functional substance, or parenchyma, of the human kidney is divided into two major structures: the outer renal cortex and the inner renal medulla. (wikipedia.org)
Pelvicalyceal system1
- One case was a female child aged 5 years was presented with localized cyst related to the upper pole of the right kidney The kidney showed duplex pelvicalyceal system and the cyst related to the upper pole showed no arterial or venous flow pattern and seen representing mildly dilated upper moiety of the duplex pelviclayceal system ( Figure 2 ). (scirp.org)
Surgery4
- This surgery repositions the ureters in the bladder. (uvahealth.com)
- During reversal surgery, the surgeon will reconnect the ends of your intestines and close the opening in your belly or reconnect your ureters to your bladder. (medicinenet.com)
- This guide will help you get ready for your nephrectomy (surgery to remove your kidney) or adrenalectomy (surgery to remove your adrenal glands) at MSK. (mskcc.org)
- The ureter serves as a critical landmark and is intimately involved with other vessels and organs, making accidental ureteral injury a dreaded consequence of surgery (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Adult4
- Adult kidneys are well protected by the rib cage and the vertebral column, but lateral forces can compress them between these structures, leading to injury. (medscape.com)
- Each adult kidney is about the size of a fist. (kidshealth.org)
- Each adult human kidney contains around 1 million nephrons, while a mouse kidney contains only about 12,500 nephrons. (wikipedia.org)
- Patients with adult polycystic kidney disease, usually develop renal failure after 40 years of age. (medscape.com)