ThymineGuanineCytosineCompoundsHydrogenNucleotidesHydrophobicMoleculesHeterocyclicEnzymesSpecificityXanthinePyrimidinesInterproscanCofactorContributionsSpecificStructureFunctionPolycyclic Aromatic HydAdenineResiduesAnalogsNucleotideEnzymeSide chainsAllosteric activatorComplexesMoietiesNitrogenOrganicTemperaturePositionFormDomainAddition
Thymine4
- This enzyme functions in dephosphorylating nucleoside triphosphates, especially the 5′- and 2′(3′)-phosphates of uracil and thymine, as well as inosine and guanine, dNTPs (dUMPs, dTMPs, dIMPs, and dGMPs, respectively). (wikipedia.org)
- De-novo synthesis of Pyrimidines (Uracil, Thymine & Cytosine) Biosynthesis of pyrimidines is simple than that of purines. (tuiasi.ro)
- Adenine (A) is the complement of thymine (T) in DNA and uracil (U) in RNA. (tuiasi.ro)
- adenine (A) - A nitrogenous base that occurs in DNA and RNA nucleotides and pairs with thymine (in DNA) or uracil (in RNA) through two hydrogen bonds. (rcsb.org)
Guanine1
- The nitrogenous bases in RNA are adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil. (paragonlockandsafe.com)
Cytosine1
Compounds2
- A group of compounds with three aromatic rings joined in linear arrangement. (lookformedical.com)
- Friedel, R. A. and M. Orchin (1951) Ultraviolet Spectra of Aromatic Compounds. (photochemcad.com)
Hydrogen3
- Pyrimidine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that is composed of carbon and hydrogen. (tuiasi.ro)
- in case of nucleic acids, Watson-Crick pairing drives self-assembly while, in case of peptides, backbone hydrogen bonds and interactions between aromatic side chains trigger the formation of structures, such as nanotubes or ribbons. (cnr.it)
- Thus, while inculcating the UBPs in a DNA structure, their aromatic scaffolds must exhibit hydrophobic packing and must have hydrogen bond donor groups for the artificial nucleotides to interact with polymerases for their efficient incorporation in the non-template strand to bind with their UB partner in template strand [1-3]. (fortuneonline.org)
Nucleotides2
- Nucleotides 1" By Boris (PNG), SVG by Sjef - en:Image:Nucleotides.png (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia, Lakna, a graduate in Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, is a Molecular Biologist and has a broad and keen interest in the discovery of nature related things, Difference Between Nucleotide and Nucleoside, 3. (paragonlockandsafe.com)
- Threomers were discovered against two prototypical protein targets implicated in human diseases through a combination of in vitro selection and next-generation sequencing using uracil nucleotides that are uniformly equipped with aromatic side chains commonly found in the paratope of antibody-antigen crystal structures. (bvsalud.org)
Hydrophobic2
- Meanwhile, the residues Phe18, Phe44, Leu45, and Tyr65 in the cap domain form an aromatic, hydrophobic pocket that coordinates with the base of the nucleotide substrate and, thus, influences the enzyme's substrate specificity. (wikipedia.org)
- It is selective for peptide bonds with aromatic or large hydrophobic side chains on the carboxyl side of this bond. (nih.gov)
Molecules4
- active site - A region in proteins and nucleic acids (that participate in chemical reactions), where reacting molecules (substrates) bind and make specific contacts necessary for chemical catalysis. (rcsb.org)
- Molecules containing both aromatic peptides and nucleic acids could in principle exploit different forces to self-assemble. (cnr.it)
- Berlman, I. B. (1971) Handbook of Fluorescence Spectra of Aromatic Molecules. (photochemcad.com)
- Birks, J. B. (1970) Photophysics of Aromatic Molecules, pp 84-141. (photochemcad.com)
Heterocyclic1
- Structurally, pyrimidines are smaller heterocyclic, aromatic, six-membered rings containing nitrogen atoms at 1 and 3 positions. (paragonlockandsafe.com)
Enzymes2
- The most promising candidates are classified as cutinases (EC 3.1.1.74), but the turnover rates are only low to moderate, reflecting that PET is an unnatural substrate for these enzymes [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- We find that the mutations acquired to facilitate XNA synthesis increase the tolerance of the enzymes for sugar-modified substrates with some sacrifice to protein-folding stability. (bvsalud.org)
Specificity3
- provided by RefSeq, Nov 2011] cdN is one of seven 5' nucleotidases identified in humans, all of which differ in tissue specificity, subcellular location, primary structure and substrate specificity. (wikipedia.org)
- Here, we compare the substrate specificity, thermal stability, reverse transcriptase activity, and fidelity of laboratory-evolved polymerases that were established to synthesize RNA, 2'-fluoroarabino nucleic acid (FANA), arabino nucleic acid (ANA), hexitol nucleic acid (HNA), threose nucleic acid (TNA), and phosphonomethylthreosyl nucleic acid (PMT). (bvsalud.org)
- These data benchmark the activity of current XNA polymerases and provide opportunities for generating new polymerase variants that function with greater activity and substrate specificity. (bvsalud.org)
Xanthine1
- protein_coding" "PTI_01G02740.1","No alias","Phaeodactylum tricornutum","Xanthine/uracil/vitamin C permease [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
Pyrimidines1
- Purines and pyrimidines both are made up of the aromatic ring having carbon and nitrogen in it. (tuiasi.ro)
Interproscan1
- LysR substrate binding domain, Bacterial regulatory helix-turn-helix protein [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
Cofactor2
- The cleft formed by the core and cap domains acts as the enzyme's active site, where three conserved motifs in the core domain plus the cofactor Mg2+ serve as the substrate binding site. (wikipedia.org)
- A second cps cps ii, which preferentially utilizes glutamine as a substrate and does not require nacetyllglutamate as a cofactor, contributes to the synthesis. (web.app)
Contributions1
- This precompiled information serves as a substrate and matrix to embed your contributions, but it is by no means the final word - Homo sapiens can do much better! (wikigenes.org)
Specific1
- Each enzyme works only on one specific substance (called the substrate). (nih.gov)
Structure1
- 6. Nucleoside and nucleotide inhibitors are competitive substrate inhibitors that mimic the structure of a normal nucleotide but lack the 3′ hydroxyl group needed for the addition of the next nucleotide for DNA elongation. (paragonlockandsafe.com)
Function1
- Due to this function, cdN regulates the size of dNTP pools in cells, in conjunction with the cytosolic thymidine kinases, as part of the dNTP substrate cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Polycyclic Aromatic Hyd1
- and (c) chemical carcinogenesis, referring specifically to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated olefins and their epoxides. (nih.gov)
Adenine2
Residues1
- The observation of internucleotide transferred nuclear Overhauser enhancements for every base step excludes the possibility of intercalation by aromatic protein residues. (nih.gov)
Analogs1
- Our kinetic data are supplemented with a variety of spectroscopic information (Raman, single-molecule fluorescence, absorbance, NMR), by the use of substrate analogs, by quantum calculations, and information from thermodynamic measurements. (umich.edu)
Nucleotide1
- Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing aromatic base attached to a pentose (five-carbon) sugar, which is in turn attached to a phosphate group. (vieuxquebec.com)
Enzyme3
- Each enzyme works only on one specific substance (called the substrate). (nih.gov)
- We are also studying the mechanisms of flavin oxidation by a variety of substrates and hope to determine the factors that cause a given enzyme to prefer one oxidizing substrate (e.g., fumarate) over another (e.g., ubiquinone). (umich.edu)
- Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. (nih.gov)
Side chains1
Allosteric activator1
- UDP-glucose is an R-state inhibitor of glycogen phosphorylase b, competitive with the substrate, glucose 1-phosphate and noncompetitive with the allosteric activator, AMP. (ox.ac.uk)
Complexes1
- One solution is to exploit the electron transfer capability of photoexcited ruthenium(II) heterocyclic ligand complexes by modifying the ligand with a pendent uracil component capable of both electron and proton transfer. (wichita.edu)
Moieties1
Nitrogen1
- Moreover, the two hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen atoms at position 1 and 3 in the ring, in uracil are also, available for proton transfer. (wichita.edu)
Organic1
- Uracil, is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound, contains more than one atom with available electrons. (wichita.edu)
Temperature1
- X-Ray diffraction patterns suggested that the control of a preferential orientation is possible by changing the substrate temperature. (go.jp)
Position1
- PUCH-mediated processing strictly requires a 7-methyl-G cap (m 7 G-cap) and a uracil at position three. (nature.com)
Form1
- The newly designed complex would then be capable of simultaneously transferring electrons and protons to a substrate such as molecular oxygen to form water. (wichita.edu)
Domain2
- The cleft formed by the core and cap domains acts as the enzyme's active site, where three conserved motifs in the core domain plus the cofactor Mg2+ serve as the substrate binding site. (wikipedia.org)
- RmlD substrate binding domain [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
Addition1
- Selective hydrogenation of carbon-carbon double bond can be easily performed by simultaneous addition of substrate and Me 3 SiCl or water to NiCRA. (go.jp)