• PPAT lipidomic composition study may allow us to understand the tumor metabolic microenvironment and provide new stratification factors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, other factors related to the metabolic state of the cells, the microenvironment, or the formation of different drug products must account for the observed resistance. (researchgate.net)
  • Over the last decade, significant investigation in the MM field has demonstrated that the interaction of malignant PCs with BM stromal cells within the microenvironment is essential for survival of the PC clone [ 5 , 6 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • The observation of this intercellular communication and that MM cells modify the microenvironment is highly suggestive that one of the first biologically relevant changes necessary for progression of MGUS or SMM to MM is for a member(s) of the clone to evolve and acquire the molecular changes needed to reprogram its immediate microenvironment into a supportive, growth-promoting microenvironment. (oncotarget.com)
  • We hypothesize that tumor-derived exosomes endow the fibroblasts in tumor microenvironment with invasive phenotype to the benefit of tumor metastasis. (dovepress.com)
  • 2 , 3 Tumor cell-derived exosomes carry particular molecular components originated from donor cells to mediate tumorigenesis and drive tumor progression by regulating tumor microenvironment. (dovepress.com)
  • Conclusion: Here, we show that hypoxia in the adipose-tumour microenvironment is the driving force of the lipid uptake in both mammary and ovarian cancer cells. (ed.ac.uk)
  • In some conditions, especially in tumor microenvironment, cells undergo nutrient deprivation, hypoxia or drug-induced toxicity, protein folding is interfered. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cancer-associated fibroblasts modulate the microenvironment of malignant tumors by secreting factors that regulate both malignant cells and nonmalignant cells such as immune and endothelial cells ( 1 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • First, via its peptidase activity, FAP leads to matrix digestion and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment, enabling invasion and migration of tumor cells ( 9 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • Moreover, the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells contributes to the recruitment of cells with immunosuppressive activity and depletes the microenvironment of metabolites and nutriments, creating conditions particularly hostile for T cells to perform proper effector functions [ 10 ] [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • CAR T-cells are specifically designed to target an antigen on the surface of cells and they need to be metabolically fit to reach the tumor, survive in an immunosuppressive microenvironment and display their cytolytic function [ 12 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • In situ immunization aims at generating antitumor immune responses through manipulating the tumor microenvironment. (aacrjournals.org)
  • PBMCs from cancer patients can be extracted and cultured in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vitro tumor cell line studies were first performed using a PSAPD-coupled microfluidic cell culture chip (microfluidic beta camera). (escholarship.org)
  • Based on the results from in vitro studies, a set of longitudinal quantitative mouse FDG-PET studies in tumor-bearing mice were launched to investigate whether the in-vitro findings are translatable to in vivo settings. (escholarship.org)
  • The results show that the plasma glucose level affected tumor FDG uptake in ways consistent with the findings obtained in in-vitro experiments. (escholarship.org)
  • In summary, new kinetic methods have been developed in this study to improve the quantitation of FDG uptake kinetics in tumors, both in-vitro and in-vivo. (escholarship.org)
  • This study by scientists at MB Research Labs demonstrated that MatTek's EpiDerm in vitro human tissue equivalent provided more in vivo-like test results for phototoxicity testing than the 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Test. (mattek.com)
  • MB Research Labs has developed a more relevant in vitro system based on MatTek's EpiDerm three-dimensional, differentiated human keratinocyte tissue cultures, which can accommodate a wide range of vehicles and allow direct topical application of test substances, termed "Enhanced Phototoxicity Assay in Reconstructed Skin" (EPARS). (mattek.com)
  • We also validated this formulation technologically and tested its behavior in in vitro colorectal cancer (CRC) models, including CRC patient-derived tumor organoids (PDOs). (frontiersin.org)
  • To this end, in vitro models with cell lines established from human HNSCC have been used, and several chemotherapy sensitivity and resistance assays (CSRA) are currently available. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For in vitro testing of chemosensitivity, ten established HNSCC cell lines were used. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Attaching multiple DNA binding fluorochromes to magnetic nanoparticles provides a way of generating DNA binding NPs that can be used to detect DNA detection by microaggregate formation in vitro, for imaging the DNA of necrotic cells in culture, and for imaging the DNA of a tumor treated with a chemotherapeutic agent. (precisionimaging.center)
  • In vitro , doxorubicin microparticles were less cytotoxic to DCs than to B lymphoma cells, did not require internalization by tumor cells, and significantly enhanced phagocytosis of tumor cells by DCs as compared with soluble doxorubicin. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Thus, the expression of inactive PI3K mutants or chemical agents, such as wortmannin and LY294002 that interfere with PI3K activity, inhibit Akt phosphorylation, glucose uptake, and glycogen and lipid synthesis in vitro ( 7 , 8 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • 3D scaffold-based in vitro cell culturing is a recent technological advancement in cancer research bridging the gap between conventional 2D culture and in vivo tumours. (rcsi.com)
  • Two neuroblastoma cell lines, chemotherapeutic sensitive Kelly and chemotherapeutic resistant KellyCis83 were cultured in a 3D in vitro model on two collagen-based scaffolds containing either glycosaminoglycan (Coll-GAG) or nanohydroxyapatite (Coll-nHA) and compared to 2D cell culture and an orthotopic murine model. (rcsi.com)
  • The efficacy of liposomes bearing miRNA mimics uptake and gene knockdown was similar in both 2D and 3D in vitro culturing models highlighting the proof-of-principle for the applicability of 3D collagen-based scaffolds cell system for validation of miRNA function. (rcsi.com)
  • STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Traditional 2D cell cultures do not completely capture the 3D architecture of cells and extracellular matrix contributing to a gap in our understanding of mammalian biology at the tissue level and may explain some of the discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo results. (rcsi.com)
  • In vitro assays that permit cloning of tumour cells in soft agar have been improved during the last 5 years. (tno.nl)
  • In vitro proliferation of haemopoietic cells in the presence of adherent cell layers. (tno.nl)
  • The culture system, in which a marrow-derived adherent cell population, established in vitro, exerts a long-term promoting influence on proliferation of haemopoietic cells, is reproduced. (tno.nl)
  • Adherent cells from mouse bone marrow have been shown to promote the in vitro growth of the AVRij-1 tumour cell line. (tno.nl)
  • Mouse bone marrow-derived adherent cell populations promoted proliferation of haemopoietic cells in vitro in a liquid culture system for at least 4 weeks. (tno.nl)
  • In vitro studies based on MCF-7 cell proliferation and induction of vitellogenin in primary culture of rainbow trout hepatocytes. (cdc.gov)
  • Of interest, MM-derived MVs were enriched with the biologically active form of CD147, a transmembrane molecule previously shown by us to be crucial for MM cell proliferation. (oncotarget.com)
  • In summary, this study demonstrates the significance of MV shedding and MV-mediated intercellular communication on malignant plasma cell proliferation, and identifies the role of MV-enriched CD147 in this process. (oncotarget.com)
  • HPLC-purified SMAL at relatively low doses inhibited the uptake and phosphorylation of ('3)H-tdr, without significant effect on cell proliferation. (etsu.edu)
  • AMPK is often considered a metabolic checkpoint as it can control cell proliferation when activated under energetic stress, and activation of AMKP results in the inhibition of mTOR activity. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • 2009. Understanding the Warburg Effect: The Metabolic Requirements of Cell Proliferation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Proliferation and lipid uptake in cancer cells were measured by commercial assays. (ed.ac.uk)
  • This led to increased transfer of lipids to cancer cells and consequent increased proliferation under hypoxia. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Targeted metabolomics of the human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) adipocytes media revealed that culture with hypoxic-conditioned media from non-malignant mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) can alter the adipocyte metabolome and drive proliferation of the non-malignant cells. (ed.ac.uk)
  • These metabolic shifts in adipocytes could assist both mammary epithelial and cancer cells to bypass the inhibitory effects of hypoxia on proliferation and thrive. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Effects of sinusoidal magnetic field observed on cell proliferation, ion concentration, and osmolarity in two human cancer cell lines med. (emf-portal.org)
  • Most cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming that support their survival and proliferation. (degruyter.com)
  • They are regulators of transmembrane Ca2+ conductance and thought to play a role in B-cell activation and proliferation. (lookformedical.com)
  • Cell proliferation was inhibited after cisplatin treatment when ERp44 was knocked down and ERp44 strengthened cisplatin resistance by influencing cell apoptosis and pyroptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In our previous research, we have also reported that ERp44 was highly expressed in NPC and associated with patients' survive state and clinical stages, it also participated in promoting cells proliferation and migration [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This allows the T cells to fulfill the increase in energy demand and to generate the intermediate metabolites necessary for their clonal activation, proliferation and differentiation [ 7 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Cancer cells undergo also metabolic reprogramming in order to promote and sustain their high proliferation rate and survival [ 8 ] [ 9 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • CAR T-cells, like other effector T cells, require specific metabolic support for optimal performance in terms of proliferation and maintenance of their specific effector and memory functions. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • ACNVs were found to possess specific antitumor cell proliferation activity associated with an apoptosis-inducing pathway. (dovepress.com)
  • Subsequently, PBMCs are challenged with tumor antigens such as tumor stem cell antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • The transimmunization procedure was devised as a more effective modification of ECP and named to designate the transfer of tumor antigens to competent antigen presenting cells (APC) that could display the full complement of tumor antigens in the context of co-stimulatory and adhesion molecules. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 74-11-10 monoclonal antibody reacts with the swine leucocyte antigen (SLA) class I. This corresponds to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. Class I antigens are expressed on the surface of all nucleated cells with the exception of neurons and trophoblasts. (bioxcell.com)
  • Efficacy was dependent on the number of CD8+ T cells able to recognize tumor antigens that infiltrated the malignant tissue. (unav.edu)
  • Antisera directed against histocompatibility-2 antigens of the mouse suppress the formation of spleen colonies by pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells. (tno.nl)
  • Metabolic crosstalk between PPAT and PCa cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) was studied using ex vivo experiments. (bvsalud.org)
  • These findings establish a mechanism for co-targeting DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints in combination with repair of cisplatin-DNA lesions in vivo using RNAi nanocarriers, and motivate further exploration of ASL as a generalized strategy to improve cancer treatment. (nature.com)
  • In the ECP treatment, both apoptotic CTCL cells and transitioning DC are re-infused into the patient immediately and association of the DC and apoptotic tumor cells occurs inefficiently in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • In vivo, a higher SUV was reached in tumor-bearing animals, leading to larger areas under the curve as calculated from biodistribution experiments. (snmjournals.org)
  • All drugs inhibited cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 comparable to that achievable in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • In vivo distribution of ACNVs was detected in healthy and tumor-bearing mice after scavenger receptors (SRs) blockade. (dovepress.com)
  • In vivo antitumor activity and toxicity were evaluated in Hep G2 cell xenograft model. (dovepress.com)
  • In vivo antitumor results showed that PEGylated ACNVs could significantly inhibit tumor growth without side effects. (dovepress.com)
  • Both neuroblastoma cell lines actively infiltrated the scaffolds and proliferated displaying >100-fold increased resistance to cisplatin treatment when compared to 2D cultures, exhibiting chemosensitivity similar to orthotopic xenograft in vivo models. (rcsi.com)
  • Many factors, including tumor size, plasma glucose level, and the time course of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) in plasma can affect 18F-FDG uptake in tumors. (escholarship.org)
  • The experimental results also indicated that K1 (FDG transport constant into cells) and Ki (FDG uptake constant in cells) estimates of glioma cell line U87 and prostate cancer cell line CaP8 were inversely proportional to the glucose concentration in the medium, while the values of k2 (FDG transport constant out of cells), k3 (FDG phosphorylation rate constant in cells) and cellular glycolytic rate were not affected by the medium glucose level. (escholarship.org)
  • Cellular FDG uptake studies were also performed on multi-well cell culture plates to investigate the effects of medium glucose levels and free fatty acid levels on FDG uptake in cell lines of three different tumor types. (escholarship.org)
  • It was found that FDG uptake in the tumor cell lines all decreased with increased medium glucose levels, but no effect was seen due to free fatty acid level changes. (escholarship.org)
  • However, the relationships between FDG uptake and medium glucose level are different among different tumor types, i.e. the FDG uptake in mammary cell line MDA-MB-231 is not affected as much by medium glucose level over the normal physiological glucose range as those of U87 and PC3. (escholarship.org)
  • A multivariate analysis was used to account for multiple factors (plasma glucose level, tumor size, tumor age) at the same time. (escholarship.org)
  • The Warburg effect is the enhanced conversion of glucose to lactate observed in tumor cells, even in the presence of normal levels of oxygen. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Therefore, a high rate of glucose uptake is required to meet increased energy needs to support rapid tumor progression. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The metabolism from the cells is measured by detecting the decrease in the metabolic rate followed by stopping the glucose supply. (latech.edu)
  • Cancer cells also enhance glucose-uptake to fuel these enhanced metabolic activities [ 2 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • High abundance of glucose in the cytoplasm of a cancer cell also increases flux into other metabolic pathways such as hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • Tissue culture medium conditioned by CD11c + ATMs, but not CD11c − ATMs or other stromovascular cells, impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by human adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The thermoelectric sensor is also used to measure the heat produced by normal metabolic activity of the brain tumor cells. (latech.edu)
  • Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells rely on threonine as a metabolic fuel. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proceeding with the idea that human tumors might exist in some other form of metabolic specialization, Benjamin Tu and I have followed an acetyl-CoA centric path in search of tumor-specific metabolic vulnerabilities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Metabolic tumor volume, total lesion avidity, SUV max , and total uptake were calculated for both tracers. (snmjournals.org)
  • This mini review highlights the development of compounds that target cancer cells by taking advantage of redox or metabolic alteration in cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
  • Seahorse Metabolic Analyzers service for rapid and quantitative measurement of cellular bioenergetics: Seahorse XF Analyzers measure the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) of live cells in a multi-well plate to interrogate key cellular functions such as mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Metabolic markers were measured in fasting serum and ATMs characterized by immunohistology, flow cytometry, and tissue culture studies. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Inhibition of cell growth by seven chemotherapeutic agents (cisplatin, carboplatin, 5- fluorouracil, methotrexate, bleomycin, vincristin, and paclitaxel) was measured using metabolic MTT-uptake assay and correlated to clinically-achievable plasma concentrations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From their naïve to highly differentiated effector function, T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming [ 6 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • To evaluate whether this resistance was related to poor drug uptake the distribution of the natural fluorescence of ADR equivalents was determined fluorimetrically and by direct microscopic observations. (researchgate.net)
  • Hence, a major goal in cancer drug development and therapy is to increase tumor-specific drug uptake while reducing uptake into normal tissues to minimize toxicities. (aspetjournals.org)
  • These data suggest that differential expressions of Na+, K(+)-ATPase activities and its isoforms in BRO and B16 cells as well as cellular drug uptake may be important determinants of tumor cell sensitivity to cardiac glycosides. (nih.gov)
  • Inflammatory cytokines are usually added to aid in antigen uptake and recognition by PBMCs. (wikipedia.org)
  • This importance is focussed on the target binding site - epitope, where epitope selection as a part of design thinking beyond traditional antigen selection using whole cell or whole protein immunisation can positively impact success. (preprints.org)
  • Overexpression of CD30 antigen in hematopoietic malignancies make the antigen clinically useful as a biological tumor marker. (lookformedical.com)
  • Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells are T lymphocytes that have been specifically engineered to target malignant cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • CARs are synthetic molecules designed to activate T cells in response to a specific antigen, mimicking T cell activation through the T cell receptor (TCR) and associated costimulatory molecules. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Antigen presentation to CD8 T cells is one of the main functions of SLA class I. (bioxcell.com)
  • The bio-sensor is used for real time detection of the L-glutamate (L-glu) dynamics and metabolism for brain tumor cells immobilized in a microfluidic device. (latech.edu)
  • The brain tumor cells are immobilized over the thermopile covering measuring and reference junctions of the thermopile using a poly-l-lysine coating layer. (latech.edu)
  • The thermoelectric L-glu sensor measures the heat produced due to the reaction of L-glu released from immobilized brain tumor cells in the presence of L-GLOD. (latech.edu)
  • The immobilized brain tumor cells are stimulated using potassium chloride (kcl) and ionomycin to study the dynamics of L-glu release from the cells. (latech.edu)
  • The L-glu sensor detected the release of L-glu from the cultured brain tumor cells after stimulating with 50 mM potassium chloride. (latech.edu)
  • Experiments were also performed to detect the heat from brain tumor cell metabolism. (latech.edu)
  • The heat production of the brain tumor cells metabolism in anaerobic conditions detected by the thermoelectric metabolism sensor is 54 pW per cell. (latech.edu)
  • This approach is highly versatile and can be widely applicable to a variety of solid tumors, or it can be implemented to provide useful insights into the design of adjuvant immunotherapies specifically targeted at resistance mechanisms or could be expanded for the purpose of noninvasive brain tumor diagnosis. (lu.se)
  • In response to DNA damage, a synthetic lethal relationship exists between the cell cycle checkpoint kinase MK2 and the tumor suppressor p53. (nature.com)
  • Because most tumors are deficient in one or more aspects of the function of the p53 tumor suppressor, either as a consequence of mutations within p53, or impairment of upstream and downstream modulators of p53 activity 19 , targeting MK2 has the potential to selectively enhance tumor cell killing without increasing the genotoxic effects of chemotherapy on normal p53-wild type tissues. (nature.com)
  • Mutations in tumor suppressor genes such as LKB1, involved in AMPK activation, have been identified in certain cancers. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • 10 High expression of miR-21 in melanoma cells inhibits mRNA expression of crucial tumor suppressor proteins such as the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP3). (dovepress.com)
  • A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that may play a role in the regulation of NF-KAPPA B and APOPTOSIS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Second and third generation of CARs are composed of a combination of costimulatory domains such as immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily members, CD28 or inducible T cell costimulatory (ICOS), and the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily members 4-1BB, OX40 and CD27. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • α -TOS is highly selective for malignant cells, inducing them into apoptotic death largely via the mitochondrial route. (nature.com)
  • Based on these results, we sought to develop a clinically, practical, rapid means for producing DC loaded with malignant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After CD8 T cells were stimulated by DC loaded with malignant cells, they mediated increased apoptosis of residual CTCL cells and TNF-α secretion indicating development of enhanced cytolytic function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Oleandrin, a cardiac glycoside component of Nerium oleander, has been shown to induce apoptosis in malignant cells. (nih.gov)
  • By using a selective disaggregation technique after intact spheroids had been exposed to the drug it was possible to show directly that the inner spheroid cells were most resistant (D0 = 0.25 μ/106 cells). (researchgate.net)
  • Passive approaches exploit the selective accumulation of nanoparticles in the tumor due to its abnormal vasculature, but this has several limitations, including the fact that such accumulation doesn't occur in all tumors. (auntminnieeurope.com)
  • Despite its selective uptake by neuroendocrine tumors, mIBG accumulates in several normal tissues and leads to tissue-specific radiation toxicities. (aspetjournals.org)
  • For instance, the use of 131 I radiotherapy to treat thyroid cancer is highly dependent on the selective expression of the sodium/iodine symporter on these cells ( Kogai and Brent, 2012 ). (aspetjournals.org)
  • How selective are agar cultures for malignant transformation? (tno.nl)
  • 1975 Munson shows anti cancer effects of cannabis in Lewis Lung Tumors. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • in an inhalation study and only equivocal evidence of metabolism to SO is below the limit of detection in nearly all samples, and the most active sample of lung lung tumors in two of four chronic toxicity/oncogenicity was approximately 100-fold less active than mouse studies by gavage in mice (reviewed in Cruzan et al . (cdc.gov)
  • It inhibits DNA metabolism and is used as an antineoplastic, especially for solid tumors. (lookformedical.com)
  • It is confirmed that large variety of miRNAs in exosomes play important roles in tumor metastasis and invasion. (dovepress.com)
  • With its indispensable function, it takes important roles in tumor progression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
  • Cancer Cell Metabolism: Unique Features Inform New Therapeutic Opportunities. (nyas.org)
  • 2011. Regulation of cancer cell metabolism. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • This indicates the intricate control of metabolism and redox balance for survival of cancer cells that can be targeted by therapeutic agents. (degruyter.com)
  • In addition, CD11c + ATMs were enriched for mitochondria and for RNA transcripts encoding mitochondrial, proteasomal, and lysosomal proteins, fatty acid metabolism enzymes, and T-cell chemoattractants, whereas CD11c − ATMs were enriched for transcripts involved in tissue maintenance and repair. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Emerging evidence indicates that the metabolism is a key factor in driving the immune response by regulating the activity and the fate of the T cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • C57BL/KaLwRij mice were implanted subcutaneously with unilateral murine green fluorescent protein-expressing 5TGM1 tumors and divided into 3 independent groups: untreated, treated beginning week 2 after tumor implantation, and treated beginning week 3 after tumor implantation. (snmjournals.org)
  • FAPIs based on a quinoline structure were synthesized and characterized with respect to binding, internalization, and efflux in cells expressing human and murine FAP as well as CD26. (snmjournals.org)
  • While human tumor cells are very sensitive to growth inhibition by oleandrin, murine tumor cells are extremely resistant. (nih.gov)
  • Cellular uptake of oleandrin and ouabain was 3-4 fold greater in human BRO tumor cells than murine tumor cells. (nih.gov)
  • On the basis of recent advances in the understanding of antitumor immunity, we designed a three-step approach to in situ immunization to lymphoma: (i) inducing immunogenic tumor cell death with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Lipid uptake and lipid accumulation were measured. (bvsalud.org)
  • The L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is a key mediator in uptake and intracellular accumulation of melphalan and correlates with melphalan sensitivity and response in MM and other cancers ( 8 - 10 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • Norepinephrine transporter, organic cation transporters, and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins play differential roles in tumor targeting, systemic elimination, and accumulation in normal tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Blocking the SRs or PEGylation decoration prolonged the blood circulation time and increased the accumulation of ACNVs in tumor sites. (dovepress.com)
  • The main challenge in treating neuroblastoma, a paediatric cancer of the sympathetic nervous system, is to combat tumour metastasis and resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs. (rcsi.com)
  • Spheroids of EMT-6 mammary tumor cells were markedly more resistant to different exposure doses of Adriamycin (ADR) than monolayer cells in exponential or plateau growth phases. (researchgate.net)
  • Two tumor types, U87 and MDA-MB-231, were implanted in SCID mice. (escholarship.org)
  • When crossed with either of two genetic models of hepatocellular cancer, ACSS2-deficient mice exhibit a substantial reduction in tumor burden. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In mice, this three-step therapy induced CD4- and CD8-dependent systemic immune responses that enhanced T-cell infiltration into distant tumors, leading to their eradication and significantly improving survival. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We show that treatment of the mice with a combination of anti-CTLA-4 + anti-PD1 mAbs results in partial clearance of the tumor with an improvement in survival. (unav.edu)
  • 2001). No other tumor types were increased in these toxicity in mice and rats, including mouse lung tu- studies in mice. (cdc.gov)
  • SL originally described a relationship between two genes, where alteration of either gene alone results in viable cells, but alteration (mutation, loss, or inhibition) of both genes simultaneously was lethal. (nature.com)
  • The inhibition of ('3)H-tdr uptake was favored over that of ('3)H-udr or ('3)H-adr, and this effect was reversible. (etsu.edu)
  • If compromised by nutritional, genetic or pharmacological means, inhibition of TDH kills mouse ES cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Vesicle mediated uptake of actinomycin D into resistant cells produced inhibition of cellular RNA synthesis and cell growth at actinomycin D concentrations that had no inhibitory effect when added as free drug in the culture medium. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Dose response measurements established that direct introduction of actinomycin D into resistant cells by means of lipid vesicles resulted in a 200 fold reduction in the concentration of actinomycin D required to inhibit cellular RNA synthesis and a 120 fold reduction in the dose of actinomycin D required to produce a 50% inhibition of cell growth. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Unilamellar lipid vesicles have been used as a carrier vehicle to enhance the uptake of actinomycin D into an actinomycin D resistant Chinese hamster tumor cell line (DC 3F/ADX). (elsevierpure.com)
  • The potential value of lipid vesicles for introducing other classes of drugs into cultured cells and their possible use in chemotherapy are also discussed. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Hit compounds from such screens are not necessarily effective on hypoxic and slowly proliferating cells in 3-D tumour tissue. (researchgate.net)
  • MiR-21 promoted invasion of fibroblasts by down-regulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3) expression and increasing of matrix metalloprotein (MMP) expression in fibroblast cells via melanoma-derived exosomes in a time-dependent manner. (dovepress.com)
  • ES cells express the gene encoding threonine dehydrogenase (TDH) at a 1,000-fold higher level than any other mouse cell or tissue type. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Specifically, the test uses a monolayer cell culture consisting of mouse tumor cells, the test is overly sensitive resulting in many false positives, and test substances must be soluble in tissue culture media. (mattek.com)
  • Emerging evidences suggest that the polyspecific organic cation transporters play important roles in systemic disposition and tissue-specific uptake of mIBG. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. (lookformedical.com)
  • White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. (lookformedical.com)
  • These early trials are showing roles for stem cells both in replacing damaged tissue as well as in providing extracellular factors that can promote endogenous cellular salvage and replenishment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The use of patient's own bone marrow aspirates, hematopoietic stem cells and MSCs, for heart muscle tissue repair can be puzzling because these cells do not normally contribute to the cardiac lineage types that are desired. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As shown by multiplex tissue immunofluorescence and intravital microscopy, combined immunotherapy treatments enhance T cell infiltration and the intratumoral performance of T lymphocytes. (unav.edu)
  • Collectively, this data shows the successful development and characterisation of a physiologically relevant, scaffold-based 3D tissue-engineered neuroblastoma cell model, strongly supporting its value in the evaluation of chemotherapeutics, targeted therapies and investigation of neuroblastoma pathogenesis. (rcsi.com)
  • International bi-monthly journal of cell signaling, tissue protection, and translational research. (conditionmed.org)
  • TO-FH failed to bind normal cells in culture, but treatment with chemotherapeutic agents or detergents yielded necrotic cells that bound TO-FH and vital fluorochromes similarly. (precisionimaging.center)
  • This resistance was not due to differences in the cell cycle state of these inner cells since separate experiments showed that both exponential and plateau phase monolayer cells were about equally sensitive when the surviving fraction was plotted vs absorbed drug (D0, = 0.04 μ/106 cells). (researchgate.net)
  • In a comparison with unencapsulated DOX, three further experiments investigated the uptake of liposome-encapsulated DOX by glioblastoma tumor cells and, after treatment, the viability of the cells and the growth rates of 3D cell cultures (known as multicellular tumor spheroids). (auntminnieeurope.com)
  • Preclinical pharmacokinetics were determined in tumor-bearing animals with biodistribution experiments and small-animal PET. (snmjournals.org)
  • A review is presented of the experiments that resulted in the identification of a specific morphologic entity representing the pluripotential hemopoietic stem cell (HSC) in mouse bone marrow. (tno.nl)
  • The experiments presented here suggest that the adherent cells involved in this phenomenon are the progeny of bone marrow derived fibroblastoid colony forming units. (tno.nl)
  • On February 2022 our group had a new paper released in the journal PNAS, titled "Landscape of Surfaceome and Endocytome in Human Glioma is Divergent and Depends on Cellular Spatial Organization", which describes the TS-MAP protocol, a procedure for proteomics-based target identification aimed at a better understanding of how to harness the tumor surfaceome for personalized immunotherapy. (lu.se)
  • We report a simple one-step procedure where maturing DC containing apoptotic malignant T cells can be prepared rapidly for potential use in vaccine immunotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results prompt further exploration to determine whether TTFields can "heat up" a "cold" tumor immune environment and can work synergistically with immunotherapy. (conditionmed.org)
  • Thus, we review emerging advances in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of TTFields, with particular attention to how TTFields shape tumor immune microenvironments and any potential implications for their application in combination with immunotherapy. (conditionmed.org)
  • Tumor-derived exosomes are messengers that participate in tumor progression. (dovepress.com)
  • Our results suggest that tumor-derived exosomes may facilitate stromal fibroblasts an aggressive phenotype to equip the tumor progression. (dovepress.com)
  • 1 , 2 In recent years, mammalian cell-derived exosomes (a type of extracellular vesicle) have been widely used in the field of biomedicine, including diagnosis, regulation of disease progression and drug delivery. (dovepress.com)
  • The concept has now been extended to embrace synthetic lethal drug sensitivity, such as that observed with PARP inhibitors in combination with DNA-damaging chemotherapy in a variety of BRCA defective tumors 10 . (nature.com)
  • Therefore, compared to normal p53-proficient cells, p53-defective cells are more reliant on MK2 activity, which drives an alternative cell cycle checkpoint pathway that stabilizes the CKI inhibitors p27 Kip1 and Gadd45α in order to maintain G 1 /S and G 2 /M arrest after certain types of DNA damage 16 , 18 . (nature.com)
  • One of these inhibitors was examined in detail and found to be effective against non-dividing cells in the hypoxic centres of spheroids. (researchgate.net)
  • Were TDH essential to the growth of any human tumor, one might predict that inhibitors of the enzyme would display favorable therapeutic utility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the last decade, the availability of autologous stem cell transplantation and combination therapies consisting of immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and other chemotherapeutics has improved median 5-y survival from 34.6% in 2004 to 49.6% in 2013 ( 3 , 4 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • The endocytosis mechanism of ACNVs was evaluated on Hep G2 cells in the presence of different endocytosis inhibitors. (dovepress.com)
  • The nanoparticles possessed good biocompatibility and could generate singlet oxygen to cause remarkable photodynamic anti-tumor effects. (springer.com)
  • We show that loss of the DNA repair protein XPA markedly augments the synthetic lethality between MK2 and p53, enhancing anti-tumor responses alone and in combination with cisplatin chemotherapy. (nature.com)
  • The studies include Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity and its isoforms as well as the cellular uptake of these cardiac glycosides. (nih.gov)
  • Because BRCA mutations are observed in fewer than 10% of cancer patients (cBioPortal: 6.7%) 11 , 12 , 13 the identification of additional genes that share synthetic lethal sensitivity relationships with mutated oncogenes or tumor suppressors would greatly enhance the implementation of tumor cell-specific synthetic lethal sensitivity to improve an anticancer therapeutic response. (nature.com)
  • Cell-based anticancer drug screening generally utilizes rapidly proliferating tumour cells grown as monolayer cultures. (researchgate.net)
  • The aim of this study was to examine the potential usefulness of 3-D cultured tumour cells for anticancer drug screening. (researchgate.net)
  • Great hope has been given to micronutrients as anticancer agents, since they present natural compounds with beneficial effects for normal cells and tissues. (nature.com)
  • Consequently, ROS-modulation has emerged as an anticancer strategy with synthesis of various ROS-inducing or responsive agents that target cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
  • In humans, lymphocytes make up the majority of the PBMC population, followed by monocytes, and only a small percentage of dendritic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have demonstrated that adherence and release of monocytes from a plastic surface drives their differentiation into immature dendritic cells (DC,) that can mature further during overnight incubation in the presence of apoptotic malignant T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Doxorubicin enhances the expression of "eat-me" signals by dying tumor cells, facilitating their phagocytosis by dendritic cells (DC). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Here we test how hypoxia changes the metabolome of adipocytes to assist cancer cell growth. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Methods: Human and mouse breast and ovarian cancer cell lines were co-cultured with human and mouse adipocytes respectively under normoxia or hypoxia. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Here we test how hypoxia changes the metabolome of adipocytes to assist cancer cell growth.Methods: Human and mouse breast and ovarian cancer cell lines were co-cultured with human and mouse adipocytes respectively under normoxia or hypoxia. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Transfection of cells in culture with ASO targeting PTEN reduced PTEN mRNA and protein levels and increased insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in α-mouse liver-12 (AML12) cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Specifically, the use of leukocyte-derived membrane proteins to functionalize nanovesicles (leukosomes) can enable their long circulation and target the inflamed endothelium present in many inflammatory pathologies and tumors, making them a promising and versatile drug delivery system. (frontiersin.org)
  • Notably, exposure of cancer cells to TTFields has been shown to result in immunogenic cell death, which is reflected by damage-associated molecular patterns and the formation of micronuclei that further activate DNA sensor-related inflammatory pathways, indicating the immunomodulatory role for TTFields. (conditionmed.org)
  • Cervical lymph nodes showed a necrotizing, giant cell-containing inflammatory reaction. (cdc.gov)
  • Cell invasion and migration assays were performed using the xCELLigence real-time cell analyzer (RTCA). (dovepress.com)
  • The development of biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) has revolutionized the concept of nanomedicine by offering a completely new set of biocompatible materials to formulate innovative drug delivery systems capable of imitating the behavior of cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Because of the RBITC labeling and the effect of fluorescence quenching/restoring of Q-Graphene, the uptake of nanoparticles and intracellular DOX release can be tracked. (cdc.gov)
  • Herein we present clear evidence that not only do both patient MM cells and human MM cell lines (HMCLs) release MVs, but that these MVs stimulate MM cell growth. (oncotarget.com)
  • Lymphocytes from human tonsils were cultured in the absence of serum for 3 days. (etsu.edu)
  • SMAL also suppressed the incorporation of ('3)H-tdr by a variety of mouse and human tumor cell lines. (etsu.edu)
  • At relatively high doses of HPLC-purified SMAL, the growth of mouse thymoma EL-4 and human T cell leukemia CEM-CM(,3) cell lines was inhibited. (etsu.edu)
  • Immunofluorescent staining of human cell line U-2 OS shows positivity in nucleus but not nucleoli, plasma membrane, nor cytoplasm. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Immunofluorescent staining of human cell line U-251MG shows positivity in cytoplasm. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • DNase I is a secreted enzyme whose function has been presumed to control "waste management" in the human system, by degrading DNA that leaks from dead and dying cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The McKnight and Tu labs, working collaboratively with the labs of Elizabeth Maher and Robert Bachoo, have found that the nucleo-cytosolic ACSS2 enzyme is primarily responsible for acetate uptake in cultured tumor cells and human tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In particular, human organic cation transporter 2 (hOCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins 1 and 2-K (hMATE1/2-K) likely mediate renal secretion of mIBG, whereas hOCT1 and hOCT3 may contribute to mIBG uptake into normal tissues such as the liver, salivary glands, and heart. (aspetjournals.org)
  • HyperSpectral Karyotyping (SKY) of human and mouse cells with ASI Complete Multicolor Karyotyping & FISH System (HiSKY): ASI's HyperSpectral platform is based on Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • We hold NCI60 human tumor cell library. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Ten human cell lines were obtained from HNSCC, including one with experimentally-induced cisplatin resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using human BRO and mouse B16 melanoma cell lines, we explored several possible determinants of cell sensitivity to oleandrin and compared with ouabain. (nih.gov)
  • Partially purified Na+, K(+)-ATPase from human BRO cells was inhibited at a concentration that was 1000-fold less than that was required to inhibit mouse B16 enzyme to the same extent. (nih.gov)
  • Using Western blot analyses, human BRO cells were found to express both the sensitive alpha3 isoform and the less sensitive alpha1 isoform of Na+, K(+)-ATPase while mouse B16 cells expressed only the alpha1 isoform. (nih.gov)
  • Labeling and internalization of exosomes Exosomes fromK562 cells had been tagged using PKH26 (reddish colored) or PKH67 (green) membrane-binding fluorescent brands relating to manufacturer's suggestions (Sigma-Aldrich Allentown PA). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Cells with greater CD147 GFP internalization proliferated at a higher rate than did cells with less CD147 GFP association. (oncotarget.com)
  • These cells consist of lymphocytes (T cells, B cells, NK cells) and monocytes, whereas erythrocytes and platelets have no nuclei, and granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils) have multi-lobed nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS. (lookformedical.com)
  • A temperature rise from 37°C to 42°C showed a statistically significant increase in the uptake of encapsulated DOX by the cells and a corresponding decrease in cell viability and increase in spheroid doubling time. (auntminnieeurope.com)
  • 1 It has been found that exosomes can mediate local and systemic cell communication with transmitting signals from one cell to another on the molecular level. (dovepress.com)
  • Systemic treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) includes a variety of antineoplastic drugs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Incubation of resistant DC 3F/ADX cells with actinomycin D containing vesicles produced a 5 fold increase in intracellular drug concentration over that achieved by exposure to identical concentrations of the drug added to the culture medium. (elsevierpure.com)
  • TTFields can induce a number of biological responses, including mitotic catastrophe, to kill cancer cells by targeting polarizable intracellular molecules. (conditionmed.org)
  • this observation demonstrates that vesicle-free miRNAs are secreted from neuroendocrine cells, in a manner similar to hormone secretion. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review focuses on the mechanisms by which vesicle-free miRNAs are secreted from neuroendocrine cells and will discuss potential functions of vesicle-free miRNAs and how vesicle-free miRNAs regulate cell-to-cell communication. (frontiersin.org)
  • Recently, miRNA exocytosis by vesicle fusion in response to stimulation was observed in chromaffin cells, which are neuroendocrine cells in the sympathetic nervous system ( 24 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The objective of this review is to discuss how miRNAs are released by active exocytosis and to examine the physiological functions of vesicle-free miRNAs in neuroendocrine cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Tumor-treatment fields (TTFields) consist of low-intensity, intermediate-frequency, and alternating electric fields that are delivered to the tumor region by noninvasive arrays. (conditionmed.org)
  • TTFields are delivered in a noninvasive manner via cutaneous transducer arrays placed around the anatomic region where tumors are localized. (conditionmed.org)
  • 18 F-FDOPA PET/CT complemented 18 F-FDG PET/CT in imaging melphalan therapy response in preclinical extramedullary MM. 18 F-FDOPA uptake was linked to LAT1 expression and melphalan response, with longitudinal imaging suggesting stabilization of LAT1 levels and melphalan tumor cytotoxicity. (snmjournals.org)
  • Cytotoxicity, antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing capacity of ACNVs against hepatoma carcinoma cell were assessed. (dovepress.com)
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing mIBG transport in cancer and normal cells is a critical step for developing strategies to optimize the efficacy of 131 I-mIBG while minimizing toxicity in normal tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
  • CAR constructs have evolved from the first generation, that included only the signaling endo-domain normally derived from the CD3ζ domain of the TCR or from the γ chain of high-affinity IgE Fc receptor (FcϵRI), to second and third CAR generations by adding and combining different co-stimulatory domains with the aim to increase the efficacy and persistence of the CAR T-cells [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Since the therapeutic response of CAR T-cell treatment in patients is strictly linked to their activities and persistence, many efforts have been committed to maximize CAR T-cell efficacy and rendering cells metabolically fit to deal with the tumor. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Combining tumor-specific adoptive T cell therapy to the aCTLA-4/aPD1/rIL2 or aCTLA-4/aPD1/aCD137 reg-imens enhances efficacy in a synergistic manner. (unav.edu)
  • In 2004 ( 4 ), a paradigm shift was set in motion when neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) were described for the first time: In response to defense pathway-inducing signals, extracellular DNA (exDNA) is exported and assembled together with actin, histone, peroxidases, and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating proteins into the NET, a sticky matrix surrounding the cell. (aacrjournals.org)
  • When applied to freshly-resected tumors, the protocol revealed that the surfaceome is highly divergent between sets of patients, independently from tumor grade or histology, and that the TS-MAP can be a valuable tool on the help to uncover potentially targetable proteins for personalized therapy development. (lu.se)
  • Where indicated two labeled populations of HUVECs were generated after incubation of the cells in UF010 standard culture monolayer for 3 h with PKH26- or PKH67-labeled exosomes. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Screening of monolayer and spheroid cultures was found to identify different sets of hit compounds. (researchgate.net)
  • Exosomes microvesicles of endocytic source released by normal and tumor cells play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • HUVECs seeded on Matrigel-coated chamber slides (Thermo Scientific Inc. Rochester NY) had been incubated at 37°C with tagged exosomes at a focus of 1 1 μg exosomes/10 0 cells or as described. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Exosomes derived from B16-F10 cells were identified by nanoparticle tracking analyzer (NTA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Western blot (WB), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (dovepress.com)
  • After ingestion of melanoma-derived exosomes during incubation, mouse embryonic fibroblasts cells emerged cellular invasiveness with the presentation of a marked increase in miR-21 expression. (dovepress.com)
  • So tumor cells-derived exosomes. (dovepress.com)
  • Many data have demonstrated that tumor exosomes are emerging mediators of tumorigenesis. (dovepress.com)
  • We performed differential centrifugation to isolate exosomes from serum or conditioned media of cells and analyzed the impact of exosomal ERp44 on cells cisplatin sensitivity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Then we also collected exosomes and cell viability was increased after the addition of NPC-derived-exosomes with cisplatin treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • More importantly, our results showed under ERS, NPC cells secreted exosomes containing ERp44 and could transfer them to adjacent cells to strengthen chemoresistance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Exosomes are a type of membrane vesicles secreted by living cells. (dovepress.com)
  • in this way, vesicle-free miRNA may regulate cell-to-cell communication including the regulation of gene expression and cellular signaling. (frontiersin.org)
  • A biologic alkylating agent that exerts its cytotoxic effects by forming DNA ADDUCTS and DNA interstrand crosslinks, thereby inhibiting rapidly proliferating cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • The rapid advance of stem cell clinical trials for a broad spectrum of conditions warrants an update of the review by Trounson (2009) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There has been a rapid surge in clinical trials involving stem cell therapies over the last two to three years and those trials are establishing the clinical pathways for an emergent new medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Specific anti-Ia sera do not react with the stem cell. (tno.nl)
  • Since the 2000s, additional risk factors for this bacterial infection became known (e.g., solid organ transplantation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder, neutralizing anti-interferon γ autoantibodies, adenosine deaminase deficiency, nuclear factor κB1 deficiency) ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • ACNVs could be internalized into tumor cells mainly via phagocytosis, but they were quickly cleared once entering the blood. (dovepress.com)
  • An intake of dietary fat increases the level of free fatty acids and bile in the intestine, which may irritate the cells lining the intestine, leading to mutagenic changes that result in cancer. (ironmanmagazine.com)
  • Cancer cells that are defective in p53 function are deficient in their ability to transcriptionally upregulate the CDK inhibitor p21 after genotoxic stress. (nature.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Otto Heinrich Warburg demonstrated in 1924 that cancer cells show an increased dependence on glycolysis to meet their energy needs, regardless of whether they were well-oxygenated or not. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The mechanism by which α -TOS kills cancer cells is not completely understood. (nature.com)
  • Cancer cells have been reported to be associated with distinctive extracellular structures that facilitate aggregation and implantation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The fact that DNA is a component of such structures and that it plays a role in cancer development is illustrated by direct evidence: DNase I added to tumor cells eliminates the structures and inhibits tumorigenicity of some cancer cell lines. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The discovery of neutrophil extracellular traps has yielded a conceptual framework for interpreting how extracellular DNA may function in cancer development and why it may prove to be an important clinical target in stopping cancer outside the cell. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of terminally differentiated plasma B cells that originates in the hematopoietic bone marrow and accounts for 15%-20% of all hematologic malignancies ( 1 , 2 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • Cancer cells often maintain high basal level of ROS and are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS levels beyond a certain protective threshold. (degruyter.com)
  • Of note, an increased carbohydrate uptake and/or induction of death receptors of cancer cells was exploited to develop glycoconjugates that potentially induce cellular stress, ROS and apoptosis. (degruyter.com)
  • Redirection of glutamine to cellular energetics destabilizes glutathione homeostasis in glioblastoma cells and other cancer cells [ 9 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • This is because cancer cells maintain high basal level of ROS, thus they are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS (Fig. 1 ). (degruyter.com)
  • ROS-modulation in normal vs. cancer cell. (degruyter.com)
  • Transporters on the plasma membrane of tumor cells are promising molecular "Trojan horses" to deliver drugs and imaging agents into cancer cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • mIBG enters cancer cells through the norepinephrine transporter (NET) where the radioactive decay of 131 I causes DNA damage, cell death, and tumor necrosis. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Further, cancer treatment often involves radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which not only kills cancer cells but also affects healthy cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Transporter-mediated uptake has been exploited successfully in nuclear medicine to deliver several radiopharmaceuticals for cancer imaging and treatment ( Zhang and Wang, 2020 ). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and is involved in a variety of tumor-promoting activities such as matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, chemotherapy resistance, and immunosuppression. (snmjournals.org)
  • Finally, PET/CT scans with 68 Ga-FAPI-04 in 2 patients with metastasized breast cancer revealed high tracer uptake in metastases and a reduction in pain symptoms after therapy with a considerably low dose of 90 Y-FAPI-04. (snmjournals.org)
  • FAPI-04 represents a promising tracer for both diagnostic imaging and, possibly, targeted therapy of malignant tumors with a high content of activated fibroblasts, such as breast cancer. (snmjournals.org)
  • Upon mRNA intratumoral injections in the transplantable mouse cancer models CT26, MC38, and B16OVA, potent therapeutic effects were observed following repeated injections into the tumors. (unav.edu)
  • Hyaluronic acid-modified multifunctional Q-graphene for targeted killing of drug-resistant lung cancer cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Considering the urgent need to explore multifunctional drug delivery system for overcoming multidrug resistance, we prepared a new nanocarbon material Q-Graphene as a nanocarrier for killing drug-resistant lung cancer cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Overall, a highly promising multifunctional nanoplatform was developed for tracking and monitoring targeted drug delivery for efficiently killing drug-resistant cancer cells. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, after 1 hr exposures to 0.5 μ/ml, surviving fractions determined by colony formation assay were approximately 0.3 for cells from spheroids treated intact and 0.001 for single exponential phase cells. (researchgate.net)
  • The results of L-glu released from the cells were also compared with the fluorescence-based assay tests. (latech.edu)
  • Chemosensitivity of HNSCC cell lines can be determined using the MTT-uptake assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • or (e) the MTT-assay based on the reduction of dimethyl thiazolyl blue (MTT) to purple formazan in viable cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immunofluorescence Cells were prepared for fluorescence microscopy by permeabilization for 3 min with 0.1% Triton-X100 blocked with 5% BSA and. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Intense fluorescence of PHPP was monitored in the cytoplasm of SW480 cells. (springer.com)
  • CellCelector Robotic System service: The ALS CellCelector is a freely configurable tool for the automated picking of single cells, cell colonies and cell clusters utilizing morphological and fluorescence features of a target. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The uptake of TO-FH by HT-29 xenografts (treated with 5-FU and oxaliplatin) was evident by surface fluorescence and MRI. (precisionimaging.center)
  • 7 It has been shown that miR-21 is a promoter of oncogenes and is highly expressed in several malignant tumors. (dovepress.com)
  • CTCL cell apoptosis, DC differentiation and apoptotic malignant T cell ingestion were measured by immunostaining. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After the addition of 2mM glutamine, BIO-MPM-1 Medium is ready to use for adherent cells. (bioind.com)
  • Z. Aberman, Adherent cells from placenta and use of same in disease treatment . (bioind.com)
  • Large Scale Mammalian Cells and Cell clusters expansion plant: GE Wave bioreactor systems with single-use up to 25L capacity bags for suspension cells culture or microcarrier-based adherent cells culture. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • There are many studies involving autologous therapies and some allogenic therapies, based on the recovery of mobilized bone marrow cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose derived stem cells that also include the stromal or adherent cell type that has an MSC phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adherent cell layers derived from other haemopoietic organs (foetal liver, adult spleen) and fibroblasts from embryonic tissues did not maintain haemopoietic cells in this system. (tno.nl)
  • These hypothalamic cell bodies produce hormones that undergo axonal transport through the pituitary stalk and into terminal axons within the neurohypophysis. (medscape.com)
  • While numerous teams continue to refine and expand the role of bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for their vanguard uses in blood and immune disorders, many others are looking to expand the uses of the various types of stem cells found in bone marrow and cord blood, in particular mesenchymal stem cells, to uses beyond those that could be corrected by replacing cells in their own lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A significant proportion of clinical studies that are underway involve bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for blood and immune disorders [ 3 ] and cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This includes bone and cartilage repair, cell types into which MSCs readily differentiate, and immune conditions such as graft versus host disease and autoimmune conditions that utilize the MSC's immune suppressive properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Instead, it is a site where axons project from neuronal cell bodies in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. (medscape.com)
  • We used colon carcinoma multicellular spheroids containing hypoxic and quiescent cells in core areas for this purpose. (researchgate.net)
  • Growth of 3D cell cultures of glioblastoma, known as multicellular tumor spheroids, between three and 11 days following treatment with DOX. (auntminnieeurope.com)
  • When the surviving fraction of cells was plotted versus absorbed ADR equivalents the cells in intact spheroids were still more resistant and both curves were bicomponent with the most resistant fraction comprising about 20% of the cells. (researchgate.net)
  • Pretreatment of spheroids with misonidazole before ADR effectively reduced this resistant population of cells. (researchgate.net)
  • The DC 3F/ADX cell line is resistant to actinomycin D as a result of its decreased capacity to transport actinomycin D across the plasma membrane and its able to grow in the presence of concentrations of actinomycin D that are cytotoxic for the sensitive parent cell line (DC 3F). (elsevierpure.com)
  • The 8029 NA cell line and its CIS-resistant variant 8029 DDP were recloned from the cell line HLac 79 by Bier et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CTCL cells were purified with a CD3-magnetic bead column where CD3 engagement rendered the malignant T cells apoptotic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The monocyte fraction was simultaneously activated by column passage, re-added to the apoptotic CTCL cells and co-cultured overnight. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Apoptotic malignant T cells were avidly engulfed by the phagocytic transitioning DC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The addition of supportive cytokines further enhanced the number of DC that contained apoptotic malignant T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, DC loaded with apoptotic CTCL cells stimulated an increase in the percentage and absolute number of CD8 T cells compared to co-cultivation with non-loaded DC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ready access to both the DC and apoptotic cells provided by this system will allow extension to other malignancies through the addition of a variety of apoptotic tumor cells and maturation stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The cross-link formation is a lethal defect and replicating cells are rendered apoptotic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A parallel extracellular trapping process operates in plant root tips, whose cells export a complex slimy matrix that specifically attracts, immobilizes, and prevents invasion by pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes ( 3 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Extracellular circulating miRNAs are also observed outside the cell, but their origin is poorly understood. (frontiersin.org)
  • miRNAs are transcribed within cells, but are also found outside cells, called extracellular miRNAs. (frontiersin.org)
  • Extracellular miRNAs were observed in cell culture system ( 6 ), in blood plasma and serum ( 7 - 10 ), and in other biological fluids ( 11 ) including cerebrospinal fluid ( 12 ), saliva ( 13 ), breast milk, urine, and tears ( 14 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The existence of extracellular miRNAs suggests that they participate in cell-to-cell communication. (frontiersin.org)
  • and (3) the level of tumor-derived extracellular miRNAs might vary with the age of the patient and the status of disease, so their value as non-invasive biomarkers are reduced. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although extracellular miRNAs are believed to contribute to cell-to-cell communication, the mechanisms by which miRNAs are released are still not understood. (frontiersin.org)
  • Extracellular miRNAs have been considered as byproducts or artifacts caused by cell lysis and cell death. (frontiersin.org)
  • More research teams are accelerating the use of other types of adult stem cells, in particular neural stem cells for diseases where beneficial outcome could result from either in-lineage cell replacement or extracellular factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a group of cell-derived membranous structures, which play an important role in intercellular communication and functional transduction. (dovepress.com)