Mitochondrial uncouplerOxidative phosphorylationInhibitorLifespanPotentMetabolismDrugsPropanilCompoundBeneficial effectsToxicityAdverseTypeSevereWeight lossMetabolicMouseBackgroundSide effectsResponseCasesShownStudiesLifeMitochondrialCalciumAdenosineLiverCardiovascular effectsTherapeuticEfficacyRoleAgentsCell
Mitochondrial uncoupler2
- Here we demonstrate that BT2, a lipophilic weak acid, can act as a mitochondrial uncoupler. (biomed.news)
- A low dose of the mitochondrial uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) remarkably extends mouse lifespan ( Cerqueira, Laurindo & Kowaltowski, 2011 ). (peerj.com)
Oxidative phosphorylation2
- DNP is a powerful uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation - it allows protons to leak across the mitochondrial membrane, bypassing ATP synthesis. (theness.com)
- Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of proton gradient. (herts.ac.uk)
Inhibitor1
- The peak values of delta psi and ROS generation are under succinate oxidation and delta psi is modified using either an uncoupler or complex II inhibitor, so, as so often, we are a long way from physiology here but the general principle that ROS generation rises rapidly above a threshold delta psi appears to hold good today. (blogspot.com)
Lifespan3
- In contrast, treatment with EA at the same concentration had no effect on lifespan (Fig. 1b). (lsd1receptor.com)
- We found a clear dose-response effect on lifespan when UA concentrations were increased from 10 to 50 µM (Fig. 1c). (lsd1receptor.com)
- 2011-13 - Postdoc position supported by Carl Trygger Foundation "Food odors trigger an endocrine response that affects appetite, metabolism and lifespan", Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. (edu.ua)
Potent2
- BT2 is roughly five-fold less potent than the prototypical uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), and phenocopies DNP in lowering de novo lipogenesis and mitochondrial superoxide production. (biomed.news)
- 1. Mitochondrial uncouplers are potent stimulants of the carotid body. (ox.ac.uk)
Metabolism3
- Taken together, in terms of bone minerals and volume, more views consider EAAs to have a positive effect on aging bone, but the function of EAAs in bone metabolism has not been fully demonstrated and more studies are needed in this area in the future. (bvsalud.org)
- To test the first possibility, we measured the effect of UA on bacterial metabolism by measuring the growth of two Escherichia coli strains, OP50 and HT115, after treatment with UA. (lsd1receptor.com)
- There is no antidote or way to reverse the effects of DNP, so her doctors were helpless to prevent her racing metabolism and hyperthermia from killing her. (theness.com)
Drugs1
- This essay will explore the history of ETC uncouplers in obesity treatment, focusing on dinitrophenol (DNP) and its initial promise in the 1930s, the abuse by a physician in Texas in the 1980s, and the ongoing investigation of novel uncoupler drugs for obesity management. (hollandclinic.com)
Propanil1
- some compounds in this group may also inhibit carotenoid biosynthesis (fluometuron) or synthesis of anthocyanin, RNA, and proteins (propanil), as well as effects on the plasmalemma (propanil) (Devine et al. (weedscience.org)
Compound2
- Fasting can be induced if a compound affects bacterial growth, thereby reducing the amount of food available or modifying key nutrient amounts14, or acts as repellent for the worms and prevents food intake. (lsd1receptor.com)
- Dinitrophenol, a chemical compound used in the manufacturing of dyes, wood preservatives, and explosives, emerged as a potential anti-obesity agent in the early 1930s. (hollandclinic.com)
Beneficial effects2
- BT2 administration is protective in various rodent models of heart failure and metabolic disease, but confoundingly, targeted ablation of Bckdk in specific tissues does not reproduce the beneficial effects conferred by pharmacologic inhibition. (biomed.news)
- The SIRT1 activator resveratrol has been also known to exert CR-like beneficial effects on obese humans' life quality ( Blagosklonny, 2010 ). (peerj.com)
Toxicity2
- Here, a smart MN patch loaded with tetradecanoic acid-modified DNP is reported, which enhances its accumulation in adipose tissues and exerts an anti-obesity effect without causing any systemic toxicity. (bvsalud.org)
- The potential for increased energy expenditure and weight loss through uncoupling has driven research into the development of new, safer compounds that could harness the therapeutic effects of DNP without its associated toxicity. (hollandclinic.com)
Adverse2
- Sustained oral uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) administration exerts prominent anti-obesity effects, but the adipose tissue off-target disadvantage leads to systemic adverse effects. (bvsalud.org)
- These compounds aim to maintain the desired effects on energy expenditure and weight loss while minimizing the risk of hyperthermia and other adverse effects. (hollandclinic.com)
Type2
Severe3
- As DNP gained popularity, cases of severe side effects, including cataracts, skin lesions, and fatalities due to hyperthermia and multi-organ failure, were reported. (hollandclinic.com)
- Researchers have been working on identifying compounds that can selectively activate UCP1, thereby increasing energy expenditure and promoting weight loss without the severe side effects associated with DNP. (hollandclinic.com)
- The consequences for users can be severe, as the documented side-effects, according to a 2014 report from the National Poisons Information Service in the UK, involve a combination of fever (47 per cent of cases), tachycardia (43 per cent), sweating (37 per cent), nausea and vomiting (27 per cent), breathing difficulties (23 per cent), and death. (irishpharmacist.ie)
Weight loss3
- The pills contained 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), which is essentially an illegal weight loss aid. (theness.com)
- Electron Transport Chain Uncouplers: A Promising Yet Controversial Approach to Weight Loss: Explore the science behind electron transport chain uncouplers, a class of compounds with potential weight loss benefits, and the controversies surrounding their use. (hollandclinic.com)
- The therapeutic use of DNP for weight loss actually arose from studies of its poisonous effects in ammunition workers in France during the Great War. (irishpharmacist.ie)
Metabolic1
- The data suggest the therapeutic efficacy of BT2 may be attributable to the well-documented effects of mitochondrial uncoupling in alleviating cardiovascular and metabolic disease. (biomed.news)
Mouse1
- These effects translated to rodents, where UA improved exercise capacity in two different mouse models of age-related decline of muscle function, as well as in young rats. (lsd1receptor.com)
Background2
- Uncouplers also inhibited a background K+ current and induced a small inward current. (ox.ac.uk)
- We conclude that uncouplers excite the carotid body by inhibiting a background K+ conductance and inducing a small inward current, both of which lead to membrane depolarization and voltage-gated Ca2+ entry. (ox.ac.uk)
Side effects1
- Investigations into the physician's practice revealed that patients were not adequately informed about the risks and potential side effects of DNP, and many experienced serious health complications. (hollandclinic.com)
Response1
- Alkaline media diminished this acidification but had no effect on the [Ca2+]i response. (ox.ac.uk)
Cases1
- In rarer cases, endometriosis can affect post-menopausal women as well. (raybanssun-glasses.com.co)
Shown1
- Curcumin (Cur) and Melittin (Mel) are two natural extracts that have been shown anti-tumor effects. (bvsalud.org)
Studies1
- A few studies have documented biological effects of urolithins in vitro, including antiproliferation in cancer cell models10, anti-inflammation11 and benefits on lipid metabolism12, although a clear biological pathway has not yet been described. (lsd1receptor.com)
Life1
- These are frequent questions since nearly 7 million women in their twenties to forties in the USA alone are affected with this painful and life-altering condition. (raybanssun-glasses.com.co)
Mitochondrial12
- Decades of diabetes drug discovery research has historically focused on every possible angle, except, the energy-out side of the equation, namely, raising mitochondrial energy expenditure with chemical uncouplers. (nih.gov)
- Here, using the Seahorse XFe24 Analyzer and the pharmacological inhibitors dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and oligomycin (ATP-synthase inhibitors), carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (mitochondrial uncoupler) and sodium azide (cytochrome c oxidase inhibitor), we measured the fundamental parameters of mitochondrial respiratory chain function: basal oxygen consumption, ATP-linked respiration, maximal respiratory capacity, spare respiratory capacity and proton leak in the model organism Caenhorhabditis elegans. (nih.gov)
- 1. Bicarbonate suppresses mitochondrial membrane depolarization induced by conventional uncouplers. (nih.gov)
- 2. Effect of Cyanide on Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization Induced by Uncouplers. (nih.gov)
- 6. Effects of carbonyl cyanide phenylhydrazones on two mitochondrial ion channel activities. (nih.gov)
- 9. The mitochondria-targeted derivative of the classical uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone is an effective mitochondrial recoupler. (nih.gov)
- 12. Mitochondrial uncouplers act synergistically with the fumigant phosphine to disrupt mitochondrial membrane potential and cause cell death. (nih.gov)
- 14. Changes in interfacial potentials induced by carbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone uncouplers: possible role in inhibition of mitochondrial oxygen consumption and other transport processes. (nih.gov)
- 15. Staining of mitochondrial membranes with 10-nonyl acridine orange, MitoFluor Green, and MitoTracker Green is affected by mitochondrial membrane potential altering drugs. (nih.gov)
- 17. Effects of mitochondrial uncouplers on intracellular calcium, pH and membrane potential in rat carotid body type I cells. (nih.gov)
- 18. The insensitivity to uncouplers of testis mitochondrial ATPase. (nih.gov)
- 19. Identification of a novel mitochondrial uncoupler that does not depolarize the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
Calcium1
- The effect of lanthanum, quercetin and dinitrophenol on calcium-evoked electrical responses in hamster eggs. (ox.ac.uk)
Adenosine1
- Physiology and effects of nucleosides in mice lacking all four adenosine receptors. (nih.gov)
Liver2
- Head kidney and liver may therefore be useful for detecting atenolol-induced effects. (bvsalud.org)
- 11. Role of the ADP/ATP and aspartate/glutamate antiporters in the uncoupling effect of fatty acids, lauryl sulfate, and 2, 4-dinitrophenol in liver mitochondria. (nih.gov)
Cardiovascular effects1
- Most of these are related to adverse cardiovascular effects seen in sibutramine, fenfluramine, dexfenfluramine, rainbow pills , and increased suicidal risk associated with rimonabant . (delveinsight.com)
Therapeutic1
- The possible therapeutic effects of this agent have been widely investigated in models of oxidative damage to different tissues, but the underlying mechanisms are currently unclear and require further research. (mdpi.com)
Efficacy1
- However, the stringent regulatory guidelines, the excessive fee for the weight reduction devices, long-time period efficacy, and the side effects related to the pharmacotherapies could be the elements to be addressed. (delveinsight.com)
Role1
- It is perhaps best known for its influence on the formation, growth, survival, and development of neurons and for its role in mediating the beneficial cognitive effects associated with exercise . (foundmyfitness.com)
Agents1
- 10. Effects of the uncoupling agents FCCP and CCCP on the saltatory movements of cytoplasmic organelles. (nih.gov)
Cell1
- Results: Approximately 11% of the compounds (913 unique compounds) decreased MMP after 1 hr of treatment without affecting cell viability (ATP content). (nih.gov)