Ubiquitin and ubiquitin ubiquitin protein ligase complexes. Medical search. Frequent questions

Cdh1 is an activator of the anaphase-promoting complex-cyclosome, and is involved in substrate recognition. (jefferson.edu)

CUL5-ASB6 Complex Promotes p62/SQSTM1 Ubiquitination and Degradation to Regulate Cell Proliferation and Autophagy. (nih.gov)
Numerous E3 ubiquitin ligases, which facilitate the ubiquitination of specific substrates, have been shown to control G1/S. In this chapter, we will discuss components in the ubiquitin proteasome system that are implicated in G1/S control, how these enzymes are interconnected, gaps in our current knowledge, and the potential role of these pathways in the cancer cycle and disease proliferation. (intechopen.com)
The BCR(KLHL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex regulates localization of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) from chromosomes to the spindle midzone in anaphase and mediates the ubiquitination of AURKB. (ucsc.edu)
Ubiquitination of AURKB by BCR(KLHL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex may not lead to its degradation by the proteasome. (ucsc.edu)
protein ubiquitination. (ucsc.edu)
Ubiquitination targets proteins for degradation and is a potent regulator of cellular protein function. (embl-heidelberg.de)
It is associated with mono-ubiquitination of FANCD2 PROTEIN and the redistribution of FANCD2 to nuclear foci containing BRCA1 PROTEIN. (wakehealth.edu)
Bsd2 binds the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5 and mediates the ubiquitination of transmembrane proteins. (wikigenes.org)
Cadmium coordinates up-regulation of cytoprotective genes and protection agains metal toxicity by inhibiting the ubiquitination of Nrf2 and disrupting the Nrf2/Keap1 complex. (cdc.gov)
Cd stabilized the Nrf2 protein by inhibiting the Keap1/CuI3dependent ubiquitination and 26S proteasomal turnover of Nrf2. (cdc.gov)
Cd treatment reduced the ubiquitination of Nrf2, increased the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, and disrupted the Nrf2/Keap1 complex in the nucleus. (cdc.gov)

Specifically, cullin-7 helps assemble a complex called an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which tags the unneeded proteins for degradation. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the CUL7 or OBSL1 gene prevent the cullin-7 protein from bringing together the components of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, interfering with the process of tagging unneeded proteins for degradation. (medlineplus.gov)
In particular, ubiquitin-mediated degradation is critically important at transition points where it provides directionality and irreversibility to the cell cycle, which is essential for maintaining genome integrity. (intechopen.com)
Proteasome inhibitors MG132 or PS-341 and lysosome inhibitor Chloroquine (CQ) were used to inhibit proteasomal or lysosomal-mediated protein degradation respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
however, the encoded protein is a component of a multiprotein E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that mediates the targeting of substrate proteins for proteasomal degradation. (thermofisher.com)
The E3 ligase then forms a complex that tags the protein of interest with ubiquitin moieties, which in turn signal that the protein should be sent to the proteasome for degradation. (acs.org)
Many cell-cycle regulators are targeted for degradation by being tagged with chains of the small protein ubiquitin. (nature.com)
PD-1 suppressed the transcription of SKP2 , the substrate recognition component of the SCF Skp2 ubiquitin ligase that leads p27 kip1 to degradation and resulted in accumulation of p27 kip1 (Figure 2). (shu.edu)
Mechanistically, we found that Rab40c binds the protein phosphatase 6 (PP6) complex and ubiquitylates one of its subunits, ankyrin repeat domain 28 (ANKRD28), thus leading to its lysosomal degradation. (life-science-alliance.org)
A luminal surveillance complex that selects misfolded glycoproteins for ER-associated degradation. (wikigenes.org)
Cd did not affect the protein levels of Keap1, which is a repressor of the cytoplasmic Nrf2, or Cul-3, an E3 ligase involved in the proteasomal degradation of Nrf2. (cdc.gov)

Keap1 is a cysteine-rich protein, known to be anchored to actin cytoskeleton [ 5 ], serving as an adaptor protein for the Cul3-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. (springer.com)
Keap1, a substrate protein of a Cul3-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, is a negative regulator of Nrf2. (bvsalud.org)

The researchers found that LZTR1 contributes to human diseases by acting as a part of the ubiquitin ligase complex that mediates conjugation of ubiquitin to RAS proteins. (news-medical.net)

This highly complex 'protein biogenesis' process is assisted by a diverse network of folding catalysts and protein-modifying enzymes and is scrutinized by molecular chaperones and other 'quality control' factors which ensure that only correctly folded and assembled proteins exit the ER and proceed to distal compartments of the secretory pathway. (stanford.edu)
Ubiquitin ligase enzymes mediate the selection of target proteins. (nature.com)
Transcription factor Nrf2 is a key regulator of genes encoding phase II detoxification enzymes and antioxidant proteins in response to environmental chemical insults. (cdc.gov)

Cancer is a complex genetic disease caused by abnormal alteration (mutations) in DNA sequences that leads to dyregulation of normal cellular processes thereby driving tumor growth. (intechopen.com)
Most of these mutations substitute one protein building block (amino acid) for another amino acid in the cullin-7 protein or result in a cullin-7 protein that is abnormally short and nonfunctional. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in RAS proteins initiate many of the most aggressive tumors, and the search for pharmacological inhibitors of these proteins has become a priority in the battle against cancer. (news-medical.net)

Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. (lookformedical.com)
Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. (lookformedical.com)

The ubiquitin-proteasome system helps regulate the level of proteins involved in several critical cell activities such as the timing of cell division and growth. (medlineplus.gov)
In particular, the proteins produced from the genes associated with 3-M syndrome are thought to help regulate proteins involved in the body's response to growth hormones, although their specific role in this process is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
In particular, cullin-7 is thought to help regulate proteins involved in the body's response to growth hormones, although its specific role in this process is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
It associates with the complex in late MITOSIS from anaphase through G1 to regulate activity of CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES and to prevent premature DNA replication. (jefferson.edu)
PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) proteins accumulate in dark to negatively regulate photomorphogensis. (plantae.org)
Activated complexes accumulate in the nucleus where they cooperate with DNA-binding cofactors to regulate target gene transcription. (shu.edu)
Rab40c is a SOCS box-containing protein which binds Cullin5 to form a ubiquitin E3 ligase complex (Rab40c/CRL5) to regulate protein ubiquitylation. (life-science-alliance.org)

This system also regulates the level of proteins involved in several critical cell activities such as the timing of cell division and growth. (medlineplus.gov)

The cullin-7 protein plays a role in the cell machinery that breaks down (degrades) unwanted proteins, called the ubiquitin-proteasome system. (medlineplus.gov)
Ubiquitin Proteasome System Current Insights into Mechanism Cellular Regu. (intechopen.com)
Specifically, the boundary between G1 and S-phase is tightly regulated by the ubiquitin proteasome system. (intechopen.com)
Mechanistic studies indicate that the regulatory role of TRIM28 on MAGEC2 protein expression in tumor cells depends on proteasome-mediated pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
The ubiquitin-proteasome system acts as the cell's quality control system by disposing of damaged, misshapen, and excess proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
Targeted protein degraders are bifunctional molecules that route disease-causing proteins to the proteasome-the cell's wood chipper, which chops up proteins into their constituent amino acids. (acs.org)
Under homeostatic conditions, Nrf2 is rapidly degradated through a Keap1-dependent, ubiquitin-26S proteasome pathway. (cdc.gov)

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a family of ankyrin repeat proteins that, along with four other protein families, contain a C-terminal SOCS box motif. (nih.gov)
The CUL7 gene provides instructions for making a protein called cullin-7. (medlineplus.gov)
The protein produced from the OBSL1 gene is thought to help maintain normal levels of cullin-7. (medlineplus.gov)
Among the various genetic metabolic disorders, Angelman syndrome (AS) has attracted considerable attention due to the abnormal expression of the ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A (UBE3A) gene ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The human UBE3A gene encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which exhibits three known protein subtypes ( 1 , 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In the nucleus, R-SMAD-SMAD4 complexes cooperate with transcriptional coregulators that further define target gene recognition and transcriptional regulation. (shu.edu)
Analysis of an 11.7 kb DNA fragment of chromosome XI reveals a new tRNA gene and four new open reading frames including a leucine zipper protein and a homologue to the yeast mitochondrial regulator ABF2. (wikigenes.org)

In the cell, RNF213 was shown to be involved in fatty acid metabolism ( 11 ), and to associate with intracellular lipid droplets in a manner dependent on its E3 ligase and ATPase activities ( 12 ). (biorxiv.org)

The vast majority of proteins entering the secretory pathway are synthesized on ribosomes docked at ER translocons and are co-transationally translocated into the ER lumen. (stanford.edu)
Our goal is to elucidate the functional networks that coordinate protein synthesis and quality control in the early secretory pathway. (stanford.edu)
An E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE that plays a key role in the DNA damage response pathway of FANCONI ANEMIA PROTEINS. (wakehealth.edu)

The multifunctional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is considered not only as a cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes coding for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying proteins, but it is also a powerful modulator of species longevity. (springer.com)
The major characteristics of Nrf2 are to some extent mimicked by Nrf2-dependent genes and their proteins including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which besides removing toxic heme, produces biliverdin, iron ions and carbon monoxide. (springer.com)
The discovery of the antioxidant response element (ARE) have led to the conclusion that the battery of genes, including glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1), NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) is regulated through Nrf2 binding to this consensus binding sequence [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
Extensive evidence has revealed that the core clock machinery involves "clock genes" and "clock proteins" functioning as molecular cogs. (bioone.org)

Link to all direct and indirect annotations to ubiquitin ligase complex. (planteome.org)

Asb6, an adipocyte-specific ankyrin and SOCS box protein, interacts with APS to enable recruitment of elongins B and C to the insulin receptor signaling complex. (nih.gov)
RNF41 interacts with the VPS52 subunit of the GARP and EARP complexes. (nih.gov)

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" by people in this website by year, and whether "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)

IBR domain is a cysteine-rich (C6HC) zinc finger domain that is present in Triad1, and which is conserved in other proteins encoded by various eukaryotes. (embl.de)
Zinc finger (Znf) domains are relatively small protein motifs which contain multiple finger-like protrusions that make tandem contacts with their target molecule. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The cryo-EM structure of the trapped RNF213:E2∼Ub intermediate reveals RNF213 C-terminal domain as the E2 docking site, which positions the ubiquitin-loaded E2 proximal to the catalytic zinc finger, facilitating nucleophilic attack of Cys4462 on the E2∼Ub thioester. (biorxiv.org)

Prof. Anna Sablina (VIB-KU Leuven): 'Despite of constant and exhaustive efforts to characterize RAS proteins, LZTR1 is the first novel RAS regulator, implicated in human diseases, that has been identified since years. (news-medical.net)

Membrane proteins must be threaded co-translocationally into the lipid bilayer to become membrane-integrated, often with complex topologies and typically form hetero- or homo- oligomers. (stanford.edu)
A transmembrane ubiquitin ligase required to sort membrane proteins into multivesicular bodies. (wikigenes.org)

Evidence suggests that RBR proteins are often parts of cullin-containing ubiquitin ligase complexes. (embl.de)
Cullin-7 helps assemble a complex known as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. (medlineplus.gov)
This mutation replaces the amino acid glutamine with a premature stop signal in the instructions for making the cullin-7 protein (written as Gln1553Ter or Q1553X), leading to production of an abnormally short protein. (medlineplus.gov)

Maize lateral rootless 1 encodes a homolog of the DCAF protein subunit of the CUL4-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. (uni-bonn.de)
It encodes a large nuclear protein that is a component of DNA repair pathways. (lookformedical.com)
It encodes a large, nuclear protein that is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements. (lookformedical.com)

One half of the molecule binds to a protein of interest while the other half latches on to an E3 ubiquitin ligase. (acs.org)

The small protein ubiquitin plays a vital role in virtually all aspects of cellular life. (intechopen.com)

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane protein highly expressed in advanced and metastatic prostate cancers. (nih.gov)

It seems now clear that posttranslational modification of both DNA repair and checkpoint proteins is of importance for the regulation of their activities but how these modifications are regulated and how they affect the activity of the proteins only begins to be described. (cea.fr)
Regulation of the autophagic PI3KC3 complex by laforin/malin E3-ubiquitin ligase, two proteins involved in Lafora disease. (laforadogs.org)

Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex bridges the inner cytoskeleton (F-actin) and the basal lamina. (medscape.com)

The SMAD proteins are a family of transcription factors consisting of 8 members, SMAD1-8, which are further subdivided into 3 classes based on structural and functional properties. (shu.edu)
Upon phosphorylation, R-SMADs form a complex with the common SMAD, SMAD4, resulting in nuclear accumulation of activated complexes. (shu.edu)

HMGB1 is an abundant protein, 10 6 molecules per cell [ 7 ], which has been postulated as a redox sensor [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
This complex tags damaged and excess proteins with molecules called ubiquitin. (medlineplus.gov)

Angelman syndrome (AS) is an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental genetic disease with maternal imprint, which is associated with the presence of the abnormal chromosome 15q11‑q13, and the loss of maternal specific expression of ubiquitin‑protein ligase E3A (UBE3A). (spandidos-publications.com)

Its ability to ubiquitinate p53 is regulated by TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P14ARF. (umassmed.edu)
The expression level of MAGEC2 protein was significantly reduced when TRIM28 was depleted in tumor cells, and no changes were observed in MAGEC2 mRNA level. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we found that expression of MAGEC2 protein in tumor cells depends on the expression of TRIM28, a reduction in the level of endogenous TRIM28 expression in melanoma cells resulting in significantly decreased expression of MAGEC2 protein. (biomedcentral.com)
Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm. (lookformedical.com)

In normal cells the BRCA1 protein is localized in the nucleus, whereas in the majority of breast cancer cell lines and in malignant pleural effusions from breast cancer patients, it is localized mainly in the cytoplasm. (lookformedical.com)

Spatially regulated ubiquitin ligation by an ER/nuclear membrane ligase. (wikigenes.org)

The activity of CDKs is controlled by their binding to coactivator subunits termed Cyclins, as well as by CDK inhibitory proteins termed CKIs. (intechopen.com)
SPB association of Plo1 requires mitosis-promoting factor (MPF) activity, whereas its disassociation requires the activity of the anaphase-promoting complex. (kent.ac.uk)
We recently described the structure of M. musculus RNF213 (PDB: 6TAX) and characterized its enzymatic activity, revealing it as a large monomeric protein with a functional dynein-like AAA (ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities) core that exists alongside a novel E3 ligase module ( 16 ). (biorxiv.org)
A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. (planteome.org)
Full holoenzyme activity of the cyclin D1-Cdk4 complex is induced by mitogen recruitment of CAK. (shu.edu)

Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. (lookformedical.com)

Ubiquitin serves as a signal to specialized cell structures known as proteasomes, which attach (bind) to the tagged proteins and degrade them. (medlineplus.gov)

Nrf2 consists of six functional Neh domains (Neh1-Neh6), from which, the amino-terminal Neh2 domain controls binding Keap1-the inhibitor protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, that is responsible for the cytosolic sequestration of Nrf2 under physiological conditions (Fig. 2 a). (springer.com)
When purified eGFP-Nrf2 and Keap1-mChrry proteins were mixed together, a strong FRET signal could be detected, indicating an efficient energy transfer from eGFP to mCherry. (bvsalud.org)

Synthetic peptide taken within amino acid region 390-440 on human Parkin protein. (thermofisher.com)

The accumulation of both Cyclin and CKI proteins is tightly regulated at the level of transcription. (intechopen.com)
In addition, Cyclin and CKI proteins are controlled at the level of their destruction. (intechopen.com)
The cyclin D1-Cdk4 complex phosphorylates the pRB protein leading to sequential phosphorylation by cyclin E-Cdk2 and release of free E2F. (shu.edu)

Whereas the different DNA repair pathways and the proteins they involve are know pretty well described, how they are regulated relative to each other in time and space remains to be deciphered. (cea.fr)
The BRCA2 protein is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements. (lookformedical.com)

Once recruited to DSB, these complexes get activated and induce the phosphorylation of numerous targets including transducing kinases, which subsequently phosphorylate downstream effectors to delay cell cycle and promote DNA repair. (cea.fr)
This leads to phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, which form a complex with SMAD4. (shu.edu)

Please note that proteins can be included in multiple pathways, ie. (embl.de)
Plants are immobile and, to overcome harsh environmental conditions such as drought, salt, and cold, they have evolved complex signaling pathways. (mdpi.com)

ARV-110 targets the androgen receptor, a protein that contributes to the progression of prostate cancer, and ARV-471 targets the estrogen receptor, which can cause certain breast cancer cells to grow unchecked. (acs.org)
However, the exact functions of Rab40c remain to be determined, and what proteins are the targets of Rab40c-Cullin5-mediated ubiquitylation in mammalian cells are unknown. (life-science-alliance.org)

DNA is, however, supercoiled and wound around "packaging" proteins called histones (in eukaryotes), and both superstructures are vulnerable to the effects of DNA damage. (wikipedia.org)

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases determine the substrate specificity for ubiquitylation and have been classified into HECT and RING-finger families. (embl-heidelberg.de)

In MEF cells with wild type Nrf2 and mouse hepa 1c1c7 cells, Cd increased the Nrf2 protein level but not the Nrf2 mRNA level dose-dependently. (cdc.gov)

To study the potential role in this metabolic shift of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), a protein component of a ubiquitin ligase complex, the authors generated nephron progenitor cell-specific VHL knockout mice. (lww.com)

Anatomy13

Organisms7

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs94

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes48

Information Science3

Health Care1

Anaphase-Promoting Complex1

Ubiquitination11

Degradation11

Cul3-dependent E32

Mediates1

Enzymes3

Mutations3

Neoplasm Proteins2

Regulate7

Regulates1

Proteasome7

Gene7

Metabolism1

Pathway3

Genes4

Annotations1

Interacts2

Proto-Oncogene3

Zinc3

Regulator1

Membrane Proteins2

Cullin3

Encodes3

Binds1

Small protein1

Transmembrane1

Regulation2

Cytoskeleton1

SMAD2

Molecules2

Autosomal1

Tumor4

Nucleus1

Nuclear membrane1

Activity5

Abnormal1

Degrade1

Keap12

Parkin1

Cyclin3

Repair pathways2

Phosphorylation2

Pathways2

Targets2

Eukaryotes1

Ubiquitylation1

MRNA1

Metabolic1