• Depending on the frequency of oscillation, different wavelengths of electromagnetic spectrum are produced. (wikipedia.org)
  • The position of an electromagnetic wave within the electromagnetic spectrum can be characterized by either its frequency of oscillation or its wavelength. (wikipedia.org)
  • Use this exercise to introduce or review the electromagnetic spectrum with your class. (sciencenews.org)
  • Begin by showing the NASA video " Introduction to the Electromagnetic Spectrum . (sciencenews.org)
  • Watch NASA's " Introduction to the Electromagnetic Spectrum ," and answer the following prompts with a partner. (sciencenews.org)
  • Then, answer the questions below using NASA's " Tour of the Electromagnetic Spectrum " and outside resources if necessary. (sciencenews.org)
  • It discusses the spectrum of light and both the wave and quantum nature of radiation. (compadre.org)
  • The range of all possible electromagnetic radiation is what is known as the electromagnetic spectrum. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • High-energy physics deals with harsh electromagnetic radiation at the shortwave end of the spectrum. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • The underlying intent of this thesis is to provide a compact document which can be used to introduce telecommunications managers and other interested personnel to the uses, characteristics, and possible hazards of this valuable portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. (trb.org)
  • This interactive looks at the electromagnetic spectrum. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • The electromagnetic spectrum is a classification of the Sun's radiation. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • Scientists have identified solar energy as a spectrum of many different wavelengths of electromagnetic rays. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • They have called this the electromagnetic spectrum. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • Radio waves have the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • There are several regions to ultraviolet light in the electromagnetic spectrum, ranging in wavelength between 10 and 400 nanometres. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • X-rays have one of the smallest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • Gamma rays have the smallest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • Like other areas of the electromagnetic spectrum, they can be used to kill living cells, such as cancer, but can provoke DNA alteration by interfering with the genetic material of the cell. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • In this picture dictation activity, students use a range of skills to investigate some ways humans use the waves on the electromagnetic spectrum. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • Examples of electromagnetic radiation are visible light, radio waves, X-rays and gamma rays - all parts of the electromagnetic spectrum . (edu.au)
  • Although Maxwell's Equations do not place any limits on the range of allowed wavelengths and frequencies, the known electromagnetic spectrum extends from frequencies around f = 3 × 10 3 Hz ( λ = 100 km) to f = 3 × 10 26 Hz (λ = 10 -18 m). (edu.au)
  • Consequently, the DNA action spectrum is utilized to represent the impact of the stellar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. (cambridge.org)
  • 1- The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all type of EM radiation. (ipl.org)
  • Ultraviolet radiation falls next to visible light on the electromagnetic spectrum. (mentalfloss.com)
  • For more information about the electromagnetic spectrum, see NASA's Tour of the Electromagnetic Spectrum . (fda.gov)
  • Ultraviolet light is a type of energy that is measured using the electromagnetic spectrum. (healthline.com)
  • Visible light is the most familiar form on Earth, but the radiation is seen over a very wide rane of energies, called the electromagnetic spectrum . (eso.org)
  • The electromagnetic spectrum denotes the full range of energies electromagnetic radiation is observed at. (eso.org)
  • Our phones emit RF waves within the electromagnetic spectrum. (gizchina.com)
  • Ionizing radiation is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum with sufficient energy to pass through matter and physically dislodge orbital electrons to form ions. (medscape.com)
  • In order of increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength these are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2. Are the wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic waves directly or inversely related? (sciencenews.org)
  • 4. Based on your answers to questions No. 2 and No. 3, what is the relationship between electromagnetic waves' wavelength and energy? (sciencenews.org)
  • The three characteristics that determine electromagnetic radiation are frequency, electromagnetic wavelength, and polarization. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • The wavelength is directly related to the frequency through the (group) propagation velocity of the radiation. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • Place the following types of electromagnetic radiation in order of increasing wavelength. (theorderoftheironphoenix.com)
  • The top layer of the image showing electromagnetic radiation displays the rays in order of highest energy and shortest wavelength, through to lowest energy and longest wavelength. (canada.ca)
  • The highest energy and shortest wavelength electromagnetic radiation is the Gamma Ray. (canada.ca)
  • The lowest energy and longest wavelength electromagnetic radiation is the Radiowave. (canada.ca)
  • Ultraviolet radiation is invisible energy in the wavelength range from 100 to 400 nanometers (nm). (canada.ca)
  • UV radiation has a shorter wavelength and is more energetic than visible light. (canada.ca)
  • The shorter the wavelength, the more harmful the UV radiation. (canada.ca)
  • However, shorter wavelength UV radiation is less able to penetrate the skin. (canada.ca)
  • EM radiation is the radiant energy that is released by a certain electromagnetic processes and a wavelength is the distance between successive crests of a wave. (ipl.org)
  • In astronomy, the wavelength of radiation is often used to refer to the wave's energy as the two quantities are related in an inverse manner: the longer the wavelength, the lower the energy. (eso.org)
  • Additionally, melanin absorption decreases as the wavelength increases, which allows safe laser use even in darker skin types. (medscape.com)
  • In human beings, the visual cells in the retina react to electromagnetic radiations within the wavelength field of 400-700 nano metres - our visible light. (lu.se)
  • Stratospheric ozone, which filters out UV radiation, especially shorter wavelengths, is depleted by man-made chlorofluorocarbons (eg, in refrigerants and aerosols). (msdmanuals.com)
  • In physical reality, only electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths exists. (lu.se)
  • Electromagnetic waves are emitted by electrically charged particles undergoing acceleration, and these waves can subsequently interact with other charged particles, exerting force on them. (wikipedia.org)
  • In quantum mechanics, an alternate way of viewing EMR is that it consists of photons, uncharged elementary particles with zero rest mass which are the quanta of the electromagnetic field, responsible for all electromagnetic interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although we usually talk about EM radiation in terms of waves, quantum mechanics suggests that EM radiation can also behave like discrete particles, called photons . (edu.au)
  • Ionizing radiation is any one of several types of particles and rays given off by radioactive material, high-voltage equipment, nuclear reactions, and stars. (cdc.gov)
  • The types that are normally important to your health are alpha particles, beta particles, x rays, and gamma rays. (cdc.gov)
  • These radiation particles and rays carry enough energy to knock out electrons from atoms and molecules (such as water, protein, and DNA) that they hit or pass near. (cdc.gov)
  • Ionizing radiation is energy that is carried by several types of particles and rays given off by radioactive material, x ray machines, and fuel elements in nuclear reactors. (cdc.gov)
  • These radiation particles and rays carry enough energy that they can knock out electrons from molecules, such as water, protein, and DNA, with which they interact. (cdc.gov)
  • Before scientists knew about particles, most believed that electromagnetic radiation was some type of rays-such as x-rays, cathode rays, etc. (infoplease.com)
  • For example, 1 Gy of alpha radiation can be more harmful than 1 Gy of beta radiation because alpha particles are much larger than beta particles and carry a greater charge. (medscape.com)
  • Abstract: Assuming there is a new gauge group in a Hidden Valley, and a new type of radiation, can we observe it through its effect on the kinematic distributions of recoiling visible particles? (lu.se)
  • We find that in both the e+e- and the LHC cases the kinematic distributions of the visible particles can be significantly affected by the valley radiation. (lu.se)
  • For persons with electronic cardiac pacemakers, counseling by the cardiologist or cardiac surgeon with respect to electromagnetic interference and potential sources of trouble on the job setting must be carried out. (cdc.gov)
  • Electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic compatibility (EMI/EMC) testing, conducted in August 2023, concluded the environmental testing program. (nasa.gov)
  • This radar/visual incident is particularly notable for the electromagnetic interference effects on aircraft near the UFO. (nicap.org)
  • Eliminate electromagnetic interference and enhance signals in a circuit with powerful filters from Future Electronics. (futureelectronics.com)
  • The effects of these radiations on chemical systems and living tissue are caused primarily by heating effects from the combined energy transfer of many photons. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast, high frequency ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays are called ionizing radiation, since individual photons of such high frequency have enough energy to ionize molecules or break chemical bonds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Following the list provided by DaleSpam , the relativistic pion decay to 2 gamma photons as an electromagnetic source radiation in light speed measuring experiment. (physicsforums.com)
  • In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) consists of waves of the electromagnetic (EM) field, which propagate through space and carry momentum and electromagnetic radiant energy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Electromagnetic radiation is associated with those EM waves that are free to propagate themselves ("radiate") without the continuing influence of the moving charges that produced them, because they have achieved sufficient distance from those charges. (wikipedia.org)
  • Electromagnetic radiation can propagate in a vacuum, such as interplanetary space, in less dense media, such as the atmosphere, or in guiding structures, such as waveguides. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • Electromagnetic radiation is the name given to a pair of electric and magnetic fields that propagate together at the speed of light . (edu.au)
  • This thesis is designed to provide an insight into potential biological effects on humans resulting from exposure to nonionizing electromagnetic radiation emitted by communications and radar equipment. (trb.org)
  • As stated by the National Cancer Institute , "there is currently no consistent evidence that non-ionizing radiation increases cancer risk in humans. (fda.gov)
  • The only consistently recognized biological effect of radiofrequency radiation in humans is heating. (fda.gov)
  • The generality of induction of Two major issues faced when city in humans is clear, but in other and response to radiation damage studying radiation carcinogenesis is cases the data are few or non-exist- is discussed for all types of ionizing that radiation-induced cancers are ent. (who.int)
  • In addition to the above-mentioned rely on epidemiological data for which izing radiation should be considered reviews in the IARC Monographs , statistical significance is reached as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). (who.int)
  • Humans have three types of cones in the eye retina for detecting colour, while birds have four types. (lu.se)
  • Humans have three types of cones. (lu.se)
  • We investigated the effects of acute (2-h) exposure to pulsed (2-micros pulse width, 500 pulses s(-1)) and continuous wave 2450-MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on DNA strand breaks in brain cells of rat. (nih.gov)
  • We speculate that these effects could result from a direct effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic energy on DNA molecules and/or impairment of DNA-damage repair mechanisms in brain cells. (nih.gov)
  • Our data further support the results of earlier in vitro and in vivo studies showing effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on DNA. (nih.gov)
  • Optical radiation: from infrared light to ultraviolet light. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • They are displayed along a continuum beginning with the types of Ultraviolet light, continuing with Visible light, and ending with Infrared radiation. (canada.ca)
  • The fourth type of cone enables birds to see ultraviolet light. (lu.se)
  • Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves in which the electric and magnetic field force vectors oscillate perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation, but they differ significantly from water waves and sound in that they can be transmitted from a source to a receiver. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • This type of wave motion is called a transverse wave. (edu.au)
  • This study was designed to investigate the possible effects of pulse modulated 900MHz and 1800MHz radio-frequency radiation on the permeability of blood-brain barrier of rats. (nih.gov)
  • Results have shown that 20min pulse modulated radio-frequency radiation exposure of 900MHz and 1800MHz induces an effect and increases the permeability of blood-brain barrier of male rats. (nih.gov)
  • Gamma radiation is a type of very high frequency electromagnetic radiation. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • Regarding the frequency of radiation, it usually differentiates between ionizing and non- ionizing radiation . (nuclear-energy.net)
  • Ionizing radiations are those that have a frequency high enough to ionize the atoms or molecules of the exposed substances. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • Non-ionizing radiations are those that do not have enough frequency to cause ionization of exposed materials. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (ELF): Range 3 to 30,000 Hz). (nuclear-energy.net)
  • The effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) radiation at the frequency of 940 MHz on the structure and function of human adult and fetal hemoglobin (HbA and HbF) were studied. (bmmj.org)
  • Scientific consensus shows that non-ionizing radiation is not a carcinogen and, at or below the radio frequency exposure limits set by the FCC, non-ionizing radiation has not been shown to cause any harm to people. (fda.gov)
  • The type of radiation emitted by cell phones is also referred to as radio frequency (RF) energy. (fda.gov)
  • Practical issues involving potential non ionizing radiation hazards occurring in the occupational setting were discussed, including hazards arising from arc welding, radio frequency heaters, incandescent filaments, gas discharge lamps, lasers, and electronic cardiac pacemakers. (cdc.gov)
  • UW-Madison researchers have developed a fundamentally new type of mmW emitter, which only shows moderate power drop even at the 300 GHz frequency. (warf.org)
  • DSN: CC37.NHIS85.SAMP RECORD LAYOUT Tape Locations 1-48 Tape Locations Item No. Frequency Items and Codes __________________________________________________________________________ 1-2 33,630 RECORD TYPE 70. (cdc.gov)
  • In this language, the near field refers to EM fields near the charges and current that directly produced them, specifically electromagnetic induction and electrostatic induction phenomena. (wikipedia.org)
  • Gamma radiation is generally produced by radioactive elements or subatomic processes or by astrophysical phenomena. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • Thus any radiation or other dynamic phenomena associated with it would be invisible to SM matter. (lu.se)
  • Quantum effects provide additional sources of EMR, such as the transition of electrons to lower energy levels in an atom and black-body radiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most fundamental of the complete and verified theories of this type is quantum electrodynamics. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • You can learn when and where you may be exposed to sources of ionizing radiation in Section 1.3 of this chapter. (cdc.gov)
  • A nuclear reaction at the sun's core creates massive amounts of radiation, or energy. (canada.ca)
  • Whenever the Sun's out (and even when it isn't), we're at risk for sunburns, which are caused by the Sun's ultraviolet, or UV, radiation. (mentalfloss.com)
  • An increase in both types of DNA strand breaks was observed after exposure to either the pulsed or continuous-wave radiation, No significant difference was observed between the effects of the two forms of radiation. (nih.gov)
  • Ionizing Radiation: What Is It and What Effects Does It Have? (nuclear-energy.net)
  • This type of radiation is capable of modifying the chemical structure of the substances on which it affects and can produce long-term biological effects on living beings. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • Non-ionizing Radiation: What Is It and What Effects Does It Have? (nuclear-energy.net)
  • This public health statement tells you about ionizing radiation and the effects of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Even in the event that you are exposed, it does not necessarily mean you will be harmed or suffer long-term health effects from exposure to ionizing radiation. (cdc.gov)
  • A major review of the biological effects of mobile-phone radiation was recently done by the ECOLOG Insti tute in Hanover, Germany. (buergerwelle.de)
  • Most of the dermatologic effects of sunlight are caused by UV radiation, which is divided into 3 bands: UVA (320 to 400 nm), UVB (280 to 320 nm), and UVC (100 to 280 nm). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Radiation damages the cell by damaging DNA molecules directly through ionizing effects on DNA molecules or indirectly through free radical formation. (medscape.com)
  • Deterministic effects, such as cell killing, can be more immediate and have a threshold above which severity increases with radiation dose. (medscape.com)
  • The effects of radiation are radiation have concentrated on low- -particle with an energy of 2 MeV directly related to the dose received has an LET of about 180 keV/m. dose exposures, typical y of 0.1 Gy by individual cel s or organs, and All types of ionizing radiation in- (= 0.1 J/kg) and below. (who.int)
  • The nature of ionizing these effects can vary significant- fects, including DNA damage, chro- radiation ly, depending on the resulting dose mosomal aberrations, mutations, cell distribution or distribution of radionu- transformation, and cell killing (NRC, Ionizing radiation is a term used for clides throughout the body. (who.int)
  • If the charge did radiate in the new sector, would we be still be able to observe indirectly the effects of the hidden radiation? (lu.se)
  • One key takeaway from the text is that Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) is significant because it provides scientists with a glimpse into the earliest moments of the universe and allows them to test and refine theories about the universe 's composition and history. (journalofcosmology.com)
  • One key takeaway from this text is that Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) is a significant discovery because it provides scientists with a glimpse into the early universe, as it is the oldest light in the universe. (journalofcosmology.com)
  • Ionizing radiation carries enough energy to break chemical bonds, knock electrons out of atoms, and cause direct damage to cells in organic matter. (fda.gov)
  • By contrast, non-ionizing radiation does not have enough energy to break chemical bonds or strip electrons from atoms. (fda.gov)
  • Ionizing radiation, which travels as fast as the speed of light, hits atoms and molecules in its path and loses some of its energy with each hit. (cdc.gov)
  • In a vacuum, electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light, commonly denoted c. (wikipedia.org)
  • The speed at which electromagnetic waves travel in a vacuum. (sciencenews.org)
  • The amount of absorbed radiation is measured in grays, one gray corresponds to the absorption of one joule of radiated energy by one kilogram of matter. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • This type of radiation does not have sufficient energy to directly cause DNA mutations and therefore probably cannot initiate carcinogenesis but could be promoters. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • Radiation simply means the emission (sending out) of energy from a source. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • Ionizing radiation, like heat and light, is a form of energy. (cdc.gov)
  • Ionizing radiation does not make you radioactive - it just leaves some of its energy inside you or whatever else it hits. (cdc.gov)
  • Radiation is energy that comes from a source and travels through space. (fda.gov)
  • For example, an electric heater operates by heating metal wires and the wires radiate that energy as heat (infrared radiation). (fda.gov)
  • In fact, ionizing radiation carries more than a billion times more energy than does non-ionizing radiation. (fda.gov)
  • Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy in the form of waves. (eso.org)
  • The table below lists the types of radiation observed in order of descending energy. (eso.org)
  • Many of the ed either from external sources or excitation events are much closer in vitro and in vivo studies investi- through internal exposure as a re- together for low-energy charged par- gating the mechanisms underlying sult of ingestion, inhalation, dermal ticles, which are considered to be cancer risk from exposure to ionizing absorption, or injection of radionu- high-LET radiation. (who.int)
  • The UV Index was developed to tell us the level of solar radiation on a particular day, and thus, how susceptible we are to a sunburn. (mentalfloss.com)
  • 2°C and +8°C under low solar radiation conditions (e.g. rain). (who.int)
  • Autonomy (freezer): Time in hours that a solar direct drive water-pack freezer can maintain the minimum required capacity of fully frozen water-packs under low solar radiation conditions (e.g. rain). (who.int)
  • As a curiosity, Hisashi Ouchi , the man who has received the highest dose of ionizing radiation in the world, received between 10 and 20 Sieverts. (nuclear-energy.net)
  • These factors include the dose (how much), the duration (how long), and the type of radiation. (cdc.gov)
  • Your initial dose and length of exposure are determined by your skin type. (healthline.com)
  • The rem is a unit that describes the equivalent dose, which accounts for the actual biological effect of radiation. (medscape.com)
  • The rem is calculated by multiplying the absorbed dose (rad) by a quality (Q) factor or the radiation weighting factor (RWF), which reflects the differences in the amount of potential biological effect for each type of radiation. (medscape.com)
  • INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY ENVIRONMENT HEALTH CRITERIA 23 LASERS AND OPTICAL RADIATION This report contains the collective views of an international group of experts and does not necessarily represent the decisions or the stated policy of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, or the World Health Organization. (inchem.org)
  • Detectors for optical and infrared radiation. (lu.se)
  • These radioactive materials give off their ionizing radiation over time until all of the radioactive atoms have decayed. (cdc.gov)
  • To explain what ionizing radiation is, we will start with a discussion of atoms, how they come to be radioactive, and how they give off ionizing radiation. (cdc.gov)
  • This led him to speculate that mobile-phone radiation could be directly damaging DNA as well as its repair mechanisms (Int J Radiat Biol, 1996;69:513-21). (buergerwelle.de)
  • A photon certainly does not 'remember' what type of particle emitted it. (physicsforums.com)
  • Ionizing radiation can exist in 2 forms: as an electromagnetic wave, such as an x-ray or gamma ray, or as a particle, in the form of an alpha or beta particle, neutron, or proton. (medscape.com)
  • These radiations have the ability to cause chemical reactions and damage living cells beyond that resulting from simple heating, and can be a health hazard. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ultraviolet radiation can also be reflected, meaning that the danger for sunburns and eye damage increases around bright surfaces like a beach or the shimmering waters of a swimming pool. (mentalfloss.com)
  • But now, explosive new evidence from a number of quarters shows that cell-phone radiation causes permanent damage to the DNA in cells, even with infrequent use. (buergerwelle.de)
  • From 2000 to 2005, INTERPHONE interviewed 14,000 adults about their cell phone use, other exposures to RF radiation, and other factors conceivably related to brain cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • You are exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation from the sun, rocks, soil, natural sources in your body, fallout from past nuclear weapons tests, some consumer products, and radioactive materials released from hospitals and from nuclear and coal power plants. (cdc.gov)
  • Radiation Dispersal Device - A conventional explosion has scattered radioactive material ("dirty bomb"), saboteurs blew up a truck carrying radioactive material, or an aerosol containing radioactive material has been spread over a large area. (cdc.gov)
  • We cannot sense ionizing radiation, so we must use special instruments to learn whether we are being exposed to it and to measure the level of radiation exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • For years, governments around the world have denied that the low level of radiation from mobile phones is harmful to health. (buergerwelle.de)
  • It's important to note that all cell phones emit some level of radiation . (gizchina.com)
  • In particular, electronic detectors, such as CCDs (Charge Coupled Device, a type of camera), tend to get blinded by the electromagnetic radiation. (lu.se)
  • Visible light waves are the only electromagnetic waves we can see. (sciencelearn.org.nz)
  • The bottom layer shows a detailed range of Ultraviolet radiation Visible light, and Infrared radiation. (canada.ca)
  • The second layer of the image displays detailed information about the range of Ultraviolet radiation, Visible light, and Infrared radiation. (canada.ca)
  • Along the same continuum in the image, Visible light is displayed after the Ultraviolet radiation waves. (canada.ca)
  • After the display of the range of visible light, Infrared radiation is placed last along the continuum. (canada.ca)
  • In arc welding the significant nonionizing radiation hazards result from those of the infrared, visible and ultraviolet spectrums with the classic hazard being ultraviolet keratoconjunctivitis, also known as flashed eyes. (cdc.gov)
  • This invention observes visible light (a type of electromagnetic radiation) from far off objects and uses that light to create an image. (worldatlas.com)
  • Infrared radiation displayed as having a range from 725 nanometres to beyond 825 nanometres. (canada.ca)
  • It is not known how many of the 1,517 National Priorities List sites identified by the Environmental Protection Agency give off ionizing radiation above background levels. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to ionizing radiation may increase your chance of getting cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to ionizing radiation can come from many sources. (cdc.gov)
  • This information is important because exposure to ionizing radiation may harm you and because these sites may be sources of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • As more sites are evaluated, the sites with ionizing radiation may increase. (cdc.gov)
  • The main types of emission nebulae are planetary nebulae and HII regions . (eso.org)
  • IEC 61000-6-3 edition 2.1: 2011 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Generic standards - Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments. (who.int)
  • This work is motivated by earlier studies indicating that the UV environment of solar-type stars is one of the most decisive factors in determining the suitability of exosolar planets and exomoons for biological evolution and sustainability. (cambridge.org)