• Mar. 15, 2022 Fusing human retinal cells with adult stem cells could be a potential therapeutic strategy to treat retinal damage and visual impairment, according to the findings of a new study. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Feb. 24, 2022 Researchers have discovered a new type of stem cell that resembles cells in the early human embryo during the transition of 'genomic power' from mother to embryo. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The researchers, who report their findings today in Nature , analyzed human lung tissue to identify the new cells, which they call respiratory airway secretory cells (RASCs). (worldhealth.net)
  • In lung tissue from people with COPD, as well as from people without COPD who have a history of smoking, they observed many AT2 cells that were altered in a way that hinted at a faulty RASC-to-AT2 transformation. (worldhealth.net)
  • A novel lineage-tracing approach now identifies a subset of murine fetal lymphoid tissue organizer cells that gives rise exclusively to adult marginal reticular cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The study of brain development in humans is limited by the lack of tissue samples and suitable in vitro models. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 1: Design of the MiSTR cell culture system and establishment of a WNT signaling gradient in hESC-derived tissue. (nature.com)
  • Our results demonstrate that miR-146a transcript levels were sharply increased in cardiac ventricular tissue of transgenic mice with specific overexpression of TNF-α in the heart, and also in a cardiomyocyte cell line of human origin (AC16) exposed to TNF-α. (jefferson.edu)
  • Genoskin's team of experts has developed a method to grow connective tissue-type mast cells (CTMCs) derived from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy individuals. (ixesse.fr)
  • From PBMCs to connective tissue-type mast cells, a 3-month process optimized and validated by Genoskin's R&D team. (ixesse.fr)
  • Why is studying connective tissue-type mast cells in preclinical trials useful and necessary? (ixesse.fr)
  • Assays conducted on mast cells are a must in pre-clinical trials as they will give strong insights into the type of inflammation observed in clinical trials and human tissue assays. (ixesse.fr)
  • After tissue was disgregated, stem cells were isolated from all other tissue cells using the magnetic separation technique (MiltenyiBiotec), in which CD271 and CD44 monoclonal antibodies were used. (umich.edu)
  • IgM hi T2 cells have higher expression of α4β7 integrin and lower expression of IL-4 receptor (IL4R) compared with the IgM lo branch and are selectively recruited into gut-associated lymphoid tissue. (lu.se)
  • We developed TS-REX, a database/software system that supports the analysis of tissue and cell type-specific transcription factor-gene networks based on expressed sequence tag abundance of transcription factor-encoding genes in UniGene EST libraries. (lu.se)
  • Researchers from the Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Regenerative Medicine (MGH-CRM) and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute have a developed a new type of human pluripotent stem cell that can be manipulated more readily than currently available stem cells. (scienceblog.com)
  • Since the growth factors appeared to make such a difference, the researchers tried to make a more useful human pluripotent cell using a new approach. (scienceblog.com)
  • They derived human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) - which are created by reprogramming adult cells and have many of the characteristics of human ECSs, including resistance to manipulation - in cultures containing the growth factor LIF, which is used in the creation of mouse ESCs. (scienceblog.com)
  • The approach, named microfluidic-controlled stem cell regionalization (MiSTR), exposes pluripotent stem cells to signaling gradients that mimic developmental patterning. (nature.com)
  • Surfactant is produced by alveolar type II cells which can be differentiated in vitro from patient specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived lung organoids. (nature.com)
  • They are 3-dimensional, complex, multicellular structures that can be derived from patient specific human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). (nature.com)
  • Abstract Background Cardiac differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cells consistently produces a mixed population of cardiomyocytes and non-cardiac cell types, even when using well-characterized protocols. (figshare.com)
  • Human pluripotent stem cells, with their ability to proliferate indefinitely and to differentiate into virtually all cell types of the human body, provide a novel resource to study human development and to implement relevant disease models. (mdpi.com)
  • Here, we employed a human pancreatic differentiation platform complemented with an shRNA screen in human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to identify potential drivers of early endoderm and pancreatic development. (mdpi.com)
  • ABSTRACT Studies have suggested a possible link between breast cancer pathogenesis and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. (who.int)
  • Cutaneous T - cell lymphoma is a rare type of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that primarily affects the skin. (nih.gov)
  • Advanced stage cutaneous T - cell lymphoma has a poor prognosis with significant morbidity. (nih.gov)
  • Cutaneous epitheliotropic T - cell lymphoma in the dog is a rare neoplastic condition with unknown aetiology. (nih.gov)
  • In the study, the authors dissect a new mechanism driven by cutaneous beta human papillomavirus (HPV) type 38 in altering the function of p53. (who.int)
  • In 1979, human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) was isolated in a patient with adult cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (ATL). (medscape.com)
  • Specific disease manifestations, epidemiology, staging, and treatment concerning ATL and HAM/TSP are beyond the scope of this article (see Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma and Tropical Myeloneuropathies ). (medscape.com)
  • Here we show a significant decrease in HIV-1 replication by pentoxifylline is infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (eurekamag.com)
  • In mixed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the same individuals, we show to what extent mitochondrial measures are confounded by both cell type distributions and contaminating platelets. (nih.gov)
  • is known to increase the expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) via activating its long terminal repeat (LTR). (eurekamag.com)
  • The first mammalian embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were derived from mice and have proven very useful for studying gene function and the impact of changes to individual genes. (scienceblog.com)
  • The ability to manipulate these new cells depended on both the continued presence of LIF and expression of the five genes that are used in reprogramming adult cells into iPSCs. (scienceblog.com)
  • Our scientists pursue every aspect of cancer research-from exploring the biology of genes and cells, to developing immune-based treatments, uncovering the causes of metastasis, and more. (mskcc.org)
  • We thus wondered how cells grow spatially during differentiation, so we labeled cells by expression of marker genes and found that cells expressing the same marker tended to occur in patches. (figshare.com)
  • Genomic variation was associated with expression of 150 to 250 genes for most cell types. (bvsalud.org)
  • These bacteriophages can transfer the Shiga toxin genes back and forth between different types of bacteria, such as between Shigella and E. coli . (cdc.gov)
  • However, when applying this concept to genomes of multicellular organisms such as mammals, one has to deal with a large number of false positive predictions since many transcription factor genes are only expressed in specific tissues or cell types. (lu.se)
  • The use of expression levels of transcription factor-encoding genes according to hierarchical anatomical classifications covering different tissues and cell types makes it possible to filter out irrelevant binding site predictions and to identify candidates of potential functional importance for further experimental testing. (lu.se)
  • TS-REX was applied to predict regulators of Polycomb group genes in six human tumor tissues and in human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)
  • Genes and Chromosomes Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Overview of Chromosome and Gene Disorders Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person's genes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Moreover, both cell types are conserved from mice to humans and colocalize with ILC3 in secondary lymphoid tissues throughout life. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Fig. 3: Single-cell transcriptomics of dorsal and ventral MiSTR tissues. (nature.com)
  • Data from sequencing-based genomics assays is now available from hundreds of human cellular conditions, including varying tissues, individuals, disease states, and drug perturbations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to pathogen virulence factors, complement C3 secreted by host cells also influences the ability of E. coli to invade cells and tissues within the urinary tract. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They are located in connective tissues and mucosa, at the junction of a host and its external environment where they act like sentinel cells against pathogens. (ixesse.fr)
  • We established the human embryonic organoid (HEMO) from expanded potential stem cells and achieved both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues in the same organoid. (newswise.com)
  • Cell-cell communication network analysis demonstrated that trophoblast-like tissues supplied WNT signaling in neural crest cells to facilitate maturation and migration. (newswise.com)
  • TS-REX covers ESTs from H. sapiens and M. musculus, and allows the characterization of both presence and specificity of transcription factors in user-specified tissues or cell types. (lu.se)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Human papillomavirus type 16 infection and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in never-smokers: a matched pair analysis. (duke.edu)
  • PURPOSE: Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 has been suggested to be a risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) and to be more commonly associated with SCCHN occurring in the oropharynx and in never-smokers. (duke.edu)
  • With studies like this we're starting to get a sense, at the cell-biology level, of what is really happening in this very prevalent disease," said senior author Edward Morrisey, Ph.D., the Robinette Foundation Professor of Medicine, a professor of Cell and Developmental Biology, and director of the Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute at Penn Medicine. (worldhealth.net)
  • This may have an important impact in understanding the biology of wild-type p53 in cancer-transformed cells. (who.int)
  • Single-cell level characterization of embryonic development is a major benchmark of human developmental biology. (newswise.com)
  • Type 1 Infection in with the PRISM assay (Abbott Laboratories). (cdc.gov)
  • We considered infection to be acquired outside Israel when tropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) in blood donors from Israel is 1 infection/100,000 persons. (cdc.gov)
  • Remarkably, vector-induced differences in CD4(+)/CD8(+) T-cell immune responses persisted for more than a year after challenge and even accompanied antigenic modulation throughout the control of chronic infection. (nih.gov)
  • These cells were selected after infection with HTLV-1 envelope pseudotyped viral particles expressing a drug resistance gene. (wustl.edu)
  • Infection of iPSCs with lentiviral inserts is a highly efficient process since stem cells grow quickly, remain undifferentiated in specific cell culture conditions and can establish fully infected clones within 2-3 passages. (nature.com)
  • Bacterial uptake into epithelial cells is increasingly recognised as an important feature of infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Studies from our group have shown that mice deficient in C3 are resistant to ascending infection and complement can alter bacterial uptake by mouse proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs), a primary target of E. coli during the acute phase of pyelonephritis [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although guidelines have been established for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) for adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, they have not been available for children (1). (cdc.gov)
  • The findings were published in Cell Stem Cell . (sciencedaily.com)
  • That is why scientists have already developed stem cell models for various types of embryonic and extraembryonic cells to study human development in a dish. (sciencedaily.com)
  • June 27, 2023 Scientists have created a stem cell-derived model of the human embryo in the lab by reprogramming human stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • As described in the June 4 Cell Stem Cell, these new cells could be used to create better cellular models of disease processes and eventually may permit repair of disease-associated gene mutations. (scienceblog.com)
  • It is been extremely difficult to propagate human ESCs from a single cell, which prevents the creation of genetically manipulated human embryonic stem cell lines. (scienceblog.com)
  • Genetic changes introduced into hLR5-iPSCs would be retained when they are coverted back to iPSCs, which we then can use to generate cell lines for future research, drug development and someday stem-cell based gene-correction therapies," says Geijsen. (scienceblog.com)
  • He is an assistant professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and a principal faculty member of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute. (scienceblog.com)
  • The scientists showed that RASCs have stem-cell-like properties enabling them to regenerate other cells that are essential for the normal functioning of alveoli. (worldhealth.net)
  • Stem Cell Rep. 3 , 987-999 (2014). (nature.com)
  • Spatiotemporal analysis of stem-cell-derived embryos offers conceptual and technical advances in the field. (newswise.com)
  • Here, we defined the single-cell spatiotemporal gene expression landscape of human embryonic development with stem-cell-derived organoids. (newswise.com)
  • Overall, our study advances the spatiotemporal analysis of human embryonic development in stem-cell-derived organoids. (newswise.com)
  • The cells were observed in an inverted microscope finding elongated, flattened, and fibroblastic dental pulp stem-cell morphologies. (umich.edu)
  • While all medical treatments have benefits and risks, unapproved stem cell and exosome products expose patients to potential risks without a clear benefit. (cdc.gov)
  • Be sure to get all of the facts if you are considering any stem cell treatment. (cdc.gov)
  • Currently, the only stem cell treatments approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are products that treat certain cancers and disorders of the blood and immune system. (cdc.gov)
  • The FDA regulates stem cell and exosome products in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • Some clinics may falsely advertise that it is not necessary for FDA to review and approve their stem cell therapies. (cdc.gov)
  • If you are considering stem cell treatments, check to make sure the product you are considering is on the FDA's approved list of stem cell treatments external icon . (cdc.gov)
  • If the stem cell product is not on the approved list or if you are considering an exosome product, ask the provider to show you documentation from the FDA and that they have FDA's permission to research the product. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients who have had stem cell or exosome therapy should discuss any concerns and abnormal reactions with their healthcare provider. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC is investigating bacterial infections in patients who have received stem cell products from the ReGen Series® (distributed by Liveyon, LLC). (cdc.gov)
  • Most of these patients developed symptoms such as pain, swelling, or chills within a few days of receiving the stem cell products. (cdc.gov)
  • Alveolar type II (ATII) epithelial cells synthesize, secrete and recycle all components of surfactant and dysfunction in surfactant metabolism can result in a variety of pediatric lung diseases including respiratory distress syndrome and interstitial lung disease 3 . (nature.com)
  • alveolar type II cells derived from human lung carcinoma (A-549)(4). (cdc.gov)
  • Single-cell transcriptomics revealed that rostro-caudal organization was already established at 24 h of differentiation, and that the first markers of a neural-specific transcription program emerged in the rostral cells at 48 h. (nature.com)
  • Here we show the differentiation of patient specific iPSCs derived from a patient with SFTPB deficiency into lung organoids with mesenchymal and epithelial cell populations from both the proximal and distal portions of the human lung. (nature.com)
  • After differentiating the mutant and corrected cells into lung organoids, we show expression of SFTPB mRNA during endodermal and organoid differentiation but the protein product only after organoid differentiation. (nature.com)
  • Although many differentiation protocols in the literature have been successful in mimicking lung development from stem cells, there has not been an examination of how a specific mutation impacts the differentiation process including its effects on the early endoderm, as well as the proximal and distal lung epithelial cell populations in the lung organoids. (nature.com)
  • The complex is thought to regulate Ig gene rearrangements in the early steps of B-cell differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • We sought to determine whether different cell types might result from intrinsic differences in hiPS cells prior to the onset of differentiation. (figshare.com)
  • Additionally, we found that substantial cell death occurs during differentiation in a manner that suggested all cells were equally likely to survive or die, suggesting that there is no intrinsic selection bias for cells descended from particular hiPS cell progenitors. (figshare.com)
  • instead, factors specifying the various cell types likely act during a window that begins shortly after the seeding of hiPS cells for differentiation. (figshare.com)
  • Within the B-cell and T-cell categories, two subdivisions are recognized: precursor neoplasms, which correspond to the earliest stages of differentiation, and more mature differentiated neoplasms. (medscape.com)
  • Type 1 diabetes results from the poorly understood process of islet autoimmunity, which ultimately leads to the loss of functional pancreatic beta cells. (springer.com)
  • Type 1 diabetes results from organ-specific autoimmunity, which eliminates most of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. (springer.com)
  • In order to correlate the different cell types of the human endocrine pancreas to a specific secretion product, an immunoelectron microscopic localization of the hormones whose production had been attributed to pancreatic islets was conducted. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP), a newly postulated hormone, was clearly associated with a fourth cell type, which is characterized by the presence of small secretory granules (100-150 nm. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The islet array, with live-cell multiparametric imaging integration, provides a better tool to understand the physiological and pathophysiological changes of pancreatic islets through the analysis of single islet responses. (nih.gov)
  • A new type of cell that resides deep within human lungs and may play a key role in human lung diseases has been discovered by researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. (worldhealth.net)
  • In the new study, Morrisey and his team uncovered evidence of RASCs while examining gene-activity signatures of lung cells sampled from healthy human donors. (worldhealth.net)
  • AT2 cells are known to become abnormal in COPD and other lung diseases, and the researchers found evidence that defects in RASCs might be an upstream cause of those abnormalities. (worldhealth.net)
  • These findings suggest that a lethal lung disease can be targeted and corrected in a human lung organoid model in vitro . (nature.com)
  • Silencing oncogene cell division cycle associated 5 induces apoptosis and G1 phase arrest of non-small cell lung cancer cells via p53-p21 signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
  • Nevertheless, the proportions decreased depending on the type of organ, i.e. liver (72.5%), heart (66.1%), lung (43.9%), pancreas (27.8%) and small bowel (14.9%)4. (who.int)
  • In what type of human cell is the chromosome number 23? (answers.com)
  • They are cells that have half the chromosome number of the parent. (answers.com)
  • Meiosis is the type of cell division that results in gametes (sex cells) that possess half the chromosome number of the parent cell. (answers.com)
  • What cell type could have 22 chromosomes and a Y chromosome? (answers.com)
  • The cell type that has 22 autosomes and an X sex chromosome is a gamete, such as an egg or sperm cell. (answers.com)
  • What chromosome number is diabetes type 2? (answers.com)
  • L'étude menée en Iraq a utilisé la méthode d'hybridation in situ pour déterminer la fréquence du papillomavirus humain et pour son génotypage dans les échantillons de tissus prélevés auprès de 129 patientes ayant reçu un diagnostic de cancer du sein malin, de 24 patientes porteuses d'une tumeur du sein bénigne et de 20 femmes témoins en bonne santé. (who.int)
  • Lineage progression from T1 cells to MZBs via an IgM hi trajectory is identified by pseudotime analysis of scRNA-sequencing data. (lu.se)
  • The WHO modification of the REAL classification of NHL is based on morphology and cell lineage. (medscape.com)
  • In sum, we provide evidence that fetal stromal organizers give rise to adult marginal reticular cells and form a dedicated stromal niche for innate ILC3 in adaptive lymphoid organs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We extended these efforts by assessing cell type variation across 75 adult individuals undergoing epilepsy and tumor surgeries. (bvsalud.org)
  • Subsequently, by means of flow cytometry, these cells were quantified and presented positive results for both markers, CD271 (0.6) and CD44 (95.7 + -3.8) in 10,000 cells. (umich.edu)
  • DOI=10.1073/pnas.81.2.568 Mattes M.J., Cordon-Cardo C., Lewis J.L. Jr., Old L.J., Lloyd K.O.Cell surface antigens of human ovarian and endometrial carcinoma defined by mouse monoclonal antibodies.Proc. (mskcc.org)
  • DOI=10.1073/pnas.79.18.5641 Cairncross J.G., Mattes M.J., Beresford H.R., Albino A.P., Houghton A.N., Lloyd K.O., Old L.J. Cell surface antigens of human astrocytoma defined by mouse monoclonal antibodies: identification of astrocytoma subsets. (mskcc.org)
  • We isolate CD34+ progenitors from PBMCs of donors using specific culture and maturation media and obtain mature, ready-to-use human CTMCs after a 3-month process. (ixesse.fr)
  • Our recent study reported that C3 opsonisation markedly increases the ability of E. coli strain J96 to internalise into human proximal tubular epithelial cells via CD46, a complement regulatory protein expressed on host cell membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we further assessed whether C3-dependent internalisation by human tubular epithelial cells is a general feature of uropathogenic E. coli and investigated features of the bacterial phenotype that may account for any heterogeneity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, C3 opsonisation promotes E. coli invasion of human uro-epithelial cells via CD46, a complement regulatory protein expressed on host cell membranes [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CD46 was not involved in the binding of E. coli to epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • H classification of geographic origin of blood donors (both uman T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is HTLV-1 positive and HTLV-1 negative) is given in the prevalent mostly in Japan, Africa, the Caribbean Is- online Technical Appendix (available from www.cdc.gov/ lands, and South America ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • This document is intended to summarize available information and to assist health-care providers in developing policies for the immunization of children infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy- associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV), * the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (cdc.gov)
  • RNA in mammalian sarcoma virus transformed nonproducer cells homologous to murine leukemia virus RNA. (wikidata.org)
  • CTMCs have been studied and identified in both murine rodents and humans (among other mammals and other reigns). (ixesse.fr)
  • Vitronectin-integrin signaling, a major contributor to megakaryocyte maturation, was predominant in the yolk sac niche in HEMO and to human fetal samples. (newswise.com)
  • We have identified a bifurcation of human B cell maturation from the T1 stage forming IgM hi and IgM lo developmental trajectories. (lu.se)
  • Future progress in this area holds promise for advancing islet- and beta cell-directed therapies that could be implemented in the early stages of the disease and could be combined with immunotherapies. (springer.com)
  • In addition, alpha cell dysfunction is recognised as a prominent feature of the disease [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
  • Immunohistopathological studies of pancreases from individuals with type 1 diabetes are generally compatible with these observations made in mice (see references below) but have exposed additional phenomena peculiar to the natural history of the disease in humans. (springer.com)
  • Importantly, strong preexposure HIV-1/simian immunodeficiency virus-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses did not prove deleterious with respect to accelerated disease progression. (nih.gov)
  • A minority of donor variance is explainable by age, sex , ancestry, disease state , and cell state . (bvsalud.org)
  • This characterization of cellular variation provides a baseline for cell typing in health and disease . (bvsalud.org)
  • Neither HTLV-3 nor HTLV-4 has been linked to human disease, and considerably less is known about these viruses. (medscape.com)
  • They soon recognized that RASCs, which don't exist in mouse lungs, are "secretory" cells that reside near alveoli and produce proteins needed for the fluid lining of the airway. (worldhealth.net)
  • Observations of gene-activity similarities between RASCs and an important progenitor cell in alveoli called AT2 cells led the team to a further discovery: RASCs, in addition to their secretory function, serve as predecessors for AT2 cells -- regenerating them to maintain the AT2 population and keep alveoli healthy. (worldhealth.net)
  • In confirmation of recent results obtained by light microscopy, somatostatin was found in all the typical D-cells containing large, weakly electron-dense secretory granules. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • These results suggest that each of the four cell types that are easily identifiable by ultrastructural observations is responsible for the production of a specific secretory product. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In human cells, one-third of all polypeptides enter the secretory pathway at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). (amrita.edu)
  • We will provide viable cells that proliferate on revival. (abcam.com)
  • In addition, human ESCs proliferate much more slowly than do cells derived from mice and grow in flat, two-dimensional colonies, while mouse ESCs form tight, three-dimensional colonies. (scienceblog.com)
  • Mounting evidence supports the notion that the activation and evolution of islet autoimmunity in genetically susceptible people is contingent upon early life exposures affecting the islets, especially beta cells. (springer.com)
  • Notwithstanding this achievement, we are still far from a nuanced understanding of how islet autoimmunity originates and propagates during the development of type 1 diabetes and why it is so heterogeneous among individuals. (springer.com)
  • Here, we draw upon studies that have shed light on the initiation and progression of islet autoimmunity from the point of view of the beta cell. (springer.com)
  • We advance the hypothesis that antigen presentation by beta cells, their stress responses and functional heterogeneity are critical factors that will provide clues towards solving the enigma posed by islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • Central to solving the puzzle as to how type 1 diabetes occurs will be to identify the elusive cause(s) of initial islet autoimmunity. (springer.com)
  • With antibodies that reacted with the gastrin cells in the human gastric mucosa, it was not possible to detect gastrin in any of the islet cell types. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • This platform demonstrates the feasibility of array-based islet cellular analysis and opens up a new modality to conduct informative and quantitive evaluation of islets and cell-based screening for new diabetes treatments. (nih.gov)
  • Wild-type cell lines are sold with knockout cell lines only - not available for individual purchase. (abcam.com)
  • Knockout cell lysate achieved by CRISPR/Cas9. (abcam.com)
  • Access thousands of knockout cell lysates, generated from commonly used cancer cell lines. (abcam.com)
  • See here for more information on knockout cell lysates. (abcam.com)
  • Time-series single-cell RNA sequencing paired with single-cell resolution spatial revealed human embryonic development signatures such as extraembryonic placenta, yolk sac hematopoiesis neural crest, blood vessels, and cardiac mesoderm. (newswise.com)
  • Monoclonal antibodies are a critical tool for immunologists, with applications including immunomicroscopy and cytometry, and non-human primates are essential models for drug development. (biorxiv.org)
  • instead, researchers typically use anti-human antibodies that are found to be cross-reactive with non-human primates. (biorxiv.org)
  • We screened 332 antibodies in five immune cell populations in blood from cynomologus macaques ( Macaca fascicularis ), rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ), African green monkeys ( Chlorocebus aethiops ) and olive/yellow baboons (P apio hamadryas anubis × Papio hamadryas cynocephalus ), thereby generating a comprehensive cross-reactivity catalog that includes cell type-specificity. (biorxiv.org)
  • Antibodies to HTLV-1 were fount, and the vitreous specimen revealed flower cell infiltration with HTLV-1 DNA detected via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (medscape.com)
  • In an effort to identify a cellular receptor or attachment factor for HTLV-1, we carried out a retroviral cDNA library screen, in which cDNA from permissive HeLa S3 cells was introduced into poorly susceptible NIH 3T3 cells. (wustl.edu)
  • we propose that efficient internalisation of uropathogenic E. coli by the human urinary tract depends on co-operation between type 1 fimbriae-mediated adhesion and C3 receptor -ligand interaction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, even if mast cells can be activated by a large number of receptors, recent studies have highlighted the important part played by a human skin mast cell-specific receptor called MRGPRX2 (i.e. (ixesse.fr)
  • Here, we review some of the recent advances and studies that highlight the roles of these changes as well as antigen presentation and stress response pathways in beta cells in the onset and propagation of the autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • It was once believed that virtually all beta cells are lost in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • However, it now is clear that there is a range of residual beta cells that are dysfunctional in people with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes [ 2 ]. (springer.com)
  • Undoubtedly, sustained efforts by the global type 1 diabetes research community to understand the basis of T cell-driven autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes have paid dividends. (springer.com)
  • The first US Food and Drug Administration-approved immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes, the anti-CD3 antibody teplizumab, delays symptomatic type 1 diabetes onset by 2-3 years [ 4 ], opening the door for the future clinical application of antigen-specific approaches with potentially superior immunoregulatory properties [ 5 ]. (springer.com)
  • In particular, the dialogue between T cells and beta cells is far more complex in humans and recent evidence supports potential type 1 diabetes 'endotypes' based on age at onset [ 8 , 9 ]. (springer.com)
  • Symptomatic, or 'stage 3' type 1 diabetes, generally occurs following two clinically tractable stages consisting of seroconversion and the presence of two or more autoantibodies, followed by development of dysglycaemia [ 11 ]. (springer.com)
  • For example, the single-autoantibody-positive stage generally has a significantly lower of risk of progression [ 12 ] and as such is not considered as the earliest stage of type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • B cells emerge from the bone marrow as transitional (TS) B cells that differentiate through T1, T2, and T3 stages to become naive B cells. (lu.se)
  • Here, we model early human neural tube development using human embryonic stem cells cultured in a microfluidic device. (nature.com)
  • 3D reconstitution of the patterned neural tube from embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
  • Neural Tube Defects and Spina Bifida Neural tube defects are a certain type of birth defect of the brain, spine, and/or spinal cord. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The reduction was proportional to the downregulation of expression of a reporter gene, the bacterial gene for chloramphenicol acetyl transferase, linked to the HIV-1 LTR in human monocytoid cells. (eurekamag.com)
  • Recent reports reveal marked differences in the gene expression of human dendritic cells infected with two leading poxvirus-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine candidates, New York vaccinia virus (NYVAC) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA). (nih.gov)
  • miR-146a targets Fos expression in human cardiac cells. (jefferson.edu)
  • Results By associating individual differentiated cells that share a common hiPS cell precursor, we tested whether expression variability is predetermined from the hiPS cell state. (figshare.com)
  • Interindividual variation in human cortical cell type abundance and expression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Differences in the immune responses in outbred animals were not distinguished by enzyme-linked immunospot assays, but differences were distinguished by multiparameter fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, revealing a difference between the number of animals with both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses to vaccine inserts (MVA) and those that elicit a dominant CD4(+) T-cell response (NYVAC). (nih.gov)
  • Sequencing-based genomics assays can measure many types of genomic biochemical activity, including transcription factor binding, chromatin accessibility, transcription, and histone modifications. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this paper, we use the term "cell type" to refer to any such cellular condition that admits genomics assays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • First, it requires that all cell types have exactly the same assays available. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mast cell culture assays are critical to better understand the kinetics and dynamics underlying inflammatory reactions. (ixesse.fr)
  • Human mast cell degranulation can be quantified and characterized by a broad panel of custom assays(Figure 2). (ixesse.fr)
  • p53 is a key protein that is altered in all cancer cells. (who.int)
  • If you require a native form of the protein please use the live cell version - found here . (abcam.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed selectively at the early stages of B cell development, namely, in proB and early preB cells. (nih.gov)
  • This protein is involved in eliminating plant sterols, which cannot be used by human cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Sterolin is a transporter protein, which is a type of protein that moves substances across cell membranes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Using a high-throughput mitochondrial phenotyping platform to quantify multiple mitochondrial features among molecularly defined immune cell subtypes, we quantify the natural variation in mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), citrate synthase, and respiratory chain enzymatic activities in human neutrophils, monocytes, B cells, and naïve and memory T lymphocyte subtypes. (nih.gov)
  • We also show the presence of normal lamellar bodies and the secretion of surfactant into the cell culture medium in the organoids of lentiviral infected cells. (nature.com)
  • Single- cell transcriptomic studies have identified a conserved set of neocortical cell types from small postmortem cohorts. (bvsalud.org)
  • IgM hi T2 cells also share transcriptomic features with marginal zone B cells (MZBs). (lu.se)
  • Semi-automated genome annotation methods such as Segway take as input a set of genome-wide measurements such as of histone modification or DNA accessibility and output an annotation of genomic activity in the target cell type. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They output (1) a set of integer state labels , such that each state label putatively corresponds to a type of genomic activity (such as active promoter, active transcription or repressed region), and (2) a partition of the genome and annotation of each genomic segment with one state label. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Their analyses suggest the simultaneous presence of tens or hundreds of thousands of loops in the genome of individual cells, indicating that the vast majority of human DNA is enclosed in loops maintained by cohesin. (pasteur.fr)
  • Interestingly, AP-1 inhibition was accompanied by a reduction in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 mRNA levels in human cardiac cells. (jefferson.edu)
  • As the virus destroys and impairs the function of immune cells, infected individuals gradually become immunodeficient. (who.int)
  • It is found mostly in cells of the intestines and liver. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Sterolin transporters in liver cells pump the plant sterols into a fluid called bile that is released into the intestine. (medlineplus.gov)
  • All HTLV-1-positive donors had negative sero- logic results for HTLV-2, human immunodeficiency virus, The Study hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B surface antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • The orf-I gene of human T-cell leukemia type 1 (HTLV-1) encodes p8 and p12 and has a conserved cysteine at position 39. (fiocruz.br)
  • [ 1 ] This led to the discovery of the first HTLV, designated HTLV-1, and marked the beginning of the human retrovirus era. (medscape.com)
  • Isolation of similar retroviruses in nonhuman primates, simian T-cell lymphotropic viruses (STLV), STLV-1, STLV-2, and STLV-3, have also been discovered, suggesting that HTLV arose as an interspecies transmission between monkeys and humans. (medscape.com)
  • To understand how complex genomic changes in these two vaccine vectors translate into antigen-specific systemic immune responses, we undertook a head-to-head vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy study in the pathogenic HIV type 1 (HIV-1) model of AIDS in Indian rhesus macaques. (nih.gov)
  • That makes our model especially important: research in mice may not give us answers that also apply to humans. (sciencedaily.com)
  • It has been fairly easy to manipulate stem cells from mice, but this has not been the case for traditional human stem cells," explains Niels Geijsen, PhD, of the MGH-CRM, who led the study. (scienceblog.com)
  • Progress in understanding COPD has been gradual in part because mice -- the standard lab animal -- have lungs that lack key features of human lungs. (worldhealth.net)
  • To date know that mast cells are phenotypically distinct between mammal species and especially between mice and humans. (ixesse.fr)
  • Another useful tool is to quantify the de novo secretion of mast cell-associated cytokines in the supernatant and run MSD analysis. (ixesse.fr)
  • A Stromal Cell Niche for Human and Mouse Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Lymphoid organs are also home to type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3), innate effector cells essential for barrier immunity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This is a list of cells in humans derived from the three embryonic germ layers - ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vincent Pasque's team at KU Leuven has developed the first model for a specific type of human embryo cells, extraembryonic mesoderm cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In fact, the model has already enabled us to find out where extraembryonic mesoderm cells come from. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In addition, the blood cells involved in clotting, called platelets or thrombocytes, may be abnormally large (macrothrombocytopenia). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Changes in the lipid composition of the membranes of red blood cells and platelets may account for the other blood abnormalities that sometimes occur in sitosterolemia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Multiple divergent copies of endogenous C-type virogenes in mammalian cells. (wikidata.org)
  • In humans, this type of cell appears at an earlier developmental stage than in mouse embryos, and there might be other important differences between species. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Cell subtype-specific measures among women and men spanning four decades of life indicate potential age- and sex-related differences, including an age-related elevation in mtDNAcn, which are masked or blunted in mixed PBMCs. (nih.gov)
  • Finally, a proof-of-concept, repeated-measures study in a single individual validates cell type differences and also reveals week-to-week changes in mitochondrial activities. (nih.gov)
  • CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knock-out of VPREB1 gene induces a cytotoxic effect in myeloma cells. (nih.gov)
  • Once bound to one of these ligands, MRGPRX2 induces mast cells to release cytokines, lipids, and granule-associated proteases which modulates immune cell recruitment, vascular permeability and activates sensory nerves. (ixesse.fr)