Twin studies. Medical search. Frequent questions

Twin studies are studies conducted on identical or fraternal twins. (wikipedia.org)
Fraternal" or dizygotic (DZ) twins share only about 50% of their genes, the same as any other sibling. (wikipedia.org)
The classical twin design compares the similarity of monozygotic (identical) and dizygotic (fraternal) twins. (wikipedia.org)
If identical twins are considerably more similar than fraternal twins (which is found for most traits), this implies that genes play an important role in these traits. (wikipedia.org)
By including data from both identical and fraternal twins who were raised together, the study seeks to account for both environmental and genetic contributions. (eurekalert.org)
Drawing on information from 600 participants in the population-based Finnish Twin Cohort--147 pairs of identical and 153 pairs of fraternal male twins--the Twin Spine Study has turned the dominant "injury model" approach to disc degeneration on its head. (sciencedaily.com)
Non-identical or fraternal twins come from two separate eggs and are no more genetically alike than non-twin brothers or sisters. (sciencedaily.com)
These natural characteristics are very important for researchers because comparing the similarity of identical and fraternal twins allows us to separate similarity that is due to genes from similarity that is due to environmental influences. (sciencedaily.com)
Slightly more than half were identical twins who had a 100-percent genetic match and about 45 percent were fraternal twins who shared half their genes. (scienceblog.com)
To separate the role of heritability versus the environment, Nelson and her team turned to a popular method for studying such interactions: identical and fraternal twins. (medicalxpress.com)
There were 280 fraternal twins and 205 identical twins-and one set of triplets. (medicalxpress.com)
Their results-driven with significant analysis input from co-authors Josh Espinoza (JCVI Engineer) and Chris Dupont (JCVI Associate Professor)-showed that identical twins had oral microbiomes that were more similar to each other than those of fraternal twins, indicating that there is genetic contribution to which kinds of bacteria are likely to be present in the mouth. (medicalxpress.com)
They are also looking at functional differences in the oral microbiomes of identical and fraternal twin pairs that have various states of oral health. (medicalxpress.com)
Photodamage scores were highly correlated among both monozygotic (identical) and dizygotic (fraternal) twins. (skininc.com)
We know that identical twins share all genes and that fraternal twins share about half of the genes that make people different. (unchealthcare.org)

Twins are a valuable source for observation because they allow the study of environmental influence and varying genetic makeup: "identical" or monozygotic (MZ) twins share essentially 100% of their genes, which means that most differences between the twins (such as height, susceptibility to boredom, intelligence, depression, etc.) are due to experiences that one twin has but not the other twin. (wikipedia.org)
Modern twin studies have concluded that all studied traits are partly influenced by genetic differences, with some characteristics showing a stronger influence (e.g. height), others an intermediate level (e.g. personality traits) and some more complex heritabilities, with evidence for different genes affecting different aspects of the trait - as in the case of autism. (wikipedia.org)
A more recent study is from Sir Francis Galton's pioneering use of twins to study the role of genes and environment on human development and behavior. (wikipedia.org)
A genome-wide association analysis of over 1,000 twins in the UK supports that some parts of our microbiomes are inherited and shaped--not through a spread of microbes from parent to child, but through our genes. (eurekalert.org)
Identical twins come from the same egg and share all of their genes in common. (sciencedaily.com)
That is, on average, non-identical twins share half of their genes in common (just as ordinary brothers and sisters do). (sciencedaily.com)
Space travel strongly affects the way genes are expressed, or turned on and off, preliminary results from NASA's ' Twins Study ' have revealed. (scientificamerican.com)
With this study, we've seen thousands and thousands of genes change how they are turned on and turned off,' added Mason , who's based at Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University's medical school. (scientificamerican.com)
With this study, we've seen thousands and thousands of genes change how they are turned on and turned off. (upi.com)
Immune system genes especially were affected, putting it "almost on high alert as a way to try and understand this new environment," said study co-author Christopher Mason, a Weill Cornell Medicine geneticist in New York. (nbcnews.com)
The genetic study showed promising results in "silencing" the genes that translate into tau protein, the primary component behind dementia. (medicaldaily.com)
British researchers have now shown in two studies that the genes are also involved. (databasefootball.com)
In recent years, twin studies have often shown that genes also play a role. (databasefootball.com)
The study fits with other research in twin research that suggests that children's academic performance is linked to many other traits that are also influenced by genes, in addition to their intelligence. (databasefootball.com)
Identical twins have the same genes or DNA. (wdtprs.com)
The researchers used the twin method to determine the influence of genes and the environment on the onset of the disease. (unchealthcare.org)
We can then estimate the degree to which a character trait is influenced by the genes," says Lisa Dinkler, PhD, lead author of the study and a postdoctoral researcher at the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Karolinska Institutet. (unchealthcare.org)
However, little is known about the specific genes involved in motion sickness because few studies have been done to identify them. (medlineplus.gov)

Twin research is considered a key tool in behavioral genetics and in related fields, from biology to psychology. (wikipedia.org)
Twin studies are part of the broader methodology used in behavior genetics, which uses all data that are genetically informative - siblings studies, adoption studies, pedigree, etc. (wikipedia.org)
present a gut microbiome analysis of 1,126 twin pairs, which extends the association between host genetics and select bacterial taxa. (eurekalert.org)
If you are the international team of researchers behind the Twin Spine Study, you find compelling proof that back pain problems may be more a matter of genetics than physical strain. (sciencedaily.com)
The studies yielded startling results, suggesting that genetics play a much larger role in disc degeneration than previously thought. (sciencedaily.com)
The MISTRA researchers arrived at their conclusions in favor of genetics on the basis of a similarity-biased volunteer twin sample. (madinamerica.com)
If homosexuality is caused by genetics or prenatal conditions and one twin is gay, the co-twin should also be gay. (wdtprs.com)
Mason has long been interested in studying the genetics of astronauts. (cornellsun.com)

By comparing many hundreds of families with twins, researchers can then understand more about the roles of genetic effects, shared environment, and unique environment in shaping behavior. (wikipedia.org)
Though Scott Kelly has been back on Earth for some time, researchers are still collecting and sifting through data from him and his twin brother, Mark, the Verge reports . (genomeweb.com)
A genetic study of twins by researchers in Cardiff University's School of Medicine found that although disabling fatigue and depression occur together, they have different genetic and environmental causes. (sciencedaily.com)
17, 2020 Researchers in Finland found a link between smoking and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a type of bleeding stroke, in a study of more than 16,000 pairs of twins over 42 years. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers compared the answers from the twins, and used a mathematical model to estimate the genetic and environmental influences on nicotine addiction and major depression. (scienceblog.com)
Researchers are looking at the effects of space travel on the human body, as part of NASA's "Twins Study. (scientificamerican.com)
Researchers are still assessing such changes, across the 10 separate investigations that constitute the broader Twins Study. (scientificamerican.com)
He led one of 10 teams of researchers that scrutinized the twins' health down to the molecular level before, during and after Kelly's 340-day stay at the International Space Station. (nbcnews.com)
Studying one pair of twins can't prove risks of spaceflight, researchers cautioned. (nbcnews.com)
Researchers are finally reporting the initial results of the aptly-named Twins Study , which suggest that extended time in orbit can result in substantial changes to the human body-right down to the molecular level. (smithsonianmag.com)
But when the researchers sliced a small sample of muscle from the thighs of each twin, they found completely different profiles. (theglobeandmail.com)
In the Swedish study, the researchers defined twin pairs as "reared apart" if they had been "separated by the age of 11. (madinamerica.com)
Contrary to the common contemporary claim that twin pairs found in TRA studies were "separated at birth"-which should mean that twins did not know each other or interact with each other between their near-birth separation and the time they were reunited for the study-the information provided by the original researchers shows that few if any MZ pairs fit this description. (madinamerica.com)
Very precise measurements between two lunar probes orbiting the moon allowed researchers to study the moon with great detail. (kcur.org)
The researchers received the marks of their GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) test when the twins were about 16 years old, and, additionally, information about their parents' profession and educational level. (databasefootball.com)
For their study, the researchers looked for hereditary factors in almost two million genomic SNP variants. (databasefootball.com)
Many of the researchers have received fees from private companies for work done outside this study, see the scientific article for more information. (unchealthcare.org)
Differences between astronaut Scott Kelly and his twin, Mark Kelly, were analyzed in a study conducted in collaboration with Cornell researchers. (cornellsun.com)
When the opportunity finally arose in 2014, NASA picked the Weill Cornell team as one of ten teams of researchers participating in the twins study. (cornellsun.com)
The study helps researchers understand how human bodies respond to long periods of spaceflight, which may be useful when developing ways to protect astronauts from health damage caused by prolonged time in space. (cornellsun.com)

Nov. 30, 2020 Adding exercise to a genetic treatment for myotonic dystrophy type 1 was more effective at reversing fatigue than administering the treatment alone in a study using a mouse model of the disease. (sciencedaily.com)
Additionally, as the Federal Reserve Bank cautioned, in 2020 the Twin Cities experienced two unprecedented events, namely the civil unrest following the death of George Floyd as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, events which could have possibly had some impact on the job market as well, making it hard to conclusively credit these findings totally to the minimum wage effect. (americanexperiment.org)
My decision to study this topic was also influenced by the current politics in India, the migrant worker distress in the country post the 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns, and the sustainable development concerns in India. (lu.se)

The good news: Kelly largely bounced back after returning home, say scientists who released final results from NASA's "twins study," a never-before opportunity to track the biological consequences of spaceflight in genetic doubles. (nbcnews.com)
The full results of NASA's twin study won't be released for another year, and scientists don't yet know why the changes in Scott's biology occurred. (smithsonianmag.com)

This matched-twin longitudinal study was unable to confirm any causal linkage. (erowid.org)
Results show that clinically significant insomnia was moderately heritable at all stages of the longitudinal study. (neurosciencenews.com)
In this longitudinal study we examined the stability of general cognitive ability (GCA), as well as heterogeneity and genetic and environmental influences underlying individual differences in change. (ed.gov)

The Twins Study centers on former NASA astronauts Scott and Mark Kelly, who are identical twins and therefore share a DNA profile. (scientificamerican.com)
The twins participating in the Twins Study are astronauts Scott and Mark Kelly . (upi.com)
Identical twins Scott and Mark Kelly, both retired NASA astronauts, participated in a study that compared the effects of spaceflight on Scott's body after he spent nearly a year at the space station. (nbcnews.com)
More importantly, the study "represents more than one small step for mankind" by pointing out potential risks of longer-duration spaceflight that need study in more astronauts, said Markus Lobrich of Germany's Darmstadt University and Penny Jeggo of the University of Sussex, who weren't involved in the work. (nbcnews.com)
Colorado State's Bailey plans to study 10 additional astronauts on year-long missions, using the twin findings as a road map. (nbcnews.com)
The pair were participating in a groundbreaking study that allowed scientists to study the impact of space travel on the body-critical knowledge for sending astronauts on increasingly long missions. (smithsonianmag.com)

Scientists expect to publish finalized results from the Twins Study in 2018. (upi.com)
As the Fed study finds, this is exactly what happened in both St. Paul and Minneapolis between 2018 and 2021. (americanexperiment.org)
After increasing for decades, the number and rate of twin births trended downward for 2014-2018. (cdc.gov)
Among the three race/Hispanic origin groups studied, twin childbearing declined for 2014-2018 among non-Hispanic white women but were essentially unchanged among non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women. (cdc.gov)
The steady decline in twinning from 2014 through 2018 after many years of increases was surprising as was the fairly large declines among women aged 30 and over. (cdc.gov)

Mark Kelly, left, who flew four space shuttle missions and commanded the final flight of Space Shuttle Endeavour, participated in biomedical studies on the ground while his twin, Scott, was on board the International Space Station in 2015. (upi.com)
For 340 days, astronaut Scott Kelly lived in the International Space Station, while his identical twin brother Mark Kelly, a retired astronaut, lived a regular life on Earth. (cornellsun.com)

The brothers are taking part in the NASA Twin study , in which samples were collected from Scott before, during, and after his year in space as well as from Mark, who stayed behind on Earth. (genomeweb.com)
The NASA study also found that Scott's gut microbiome changed while in space, a finding that Scott says was expected because of the unusual environment he was in. (genomeweb.com)
Oct. 25 (UPI) -- NASA has announced some preliminary results from its Twins Study, an effort to study the effects of space travel on human health. (upi.com)
Between 2015 and 2016, NASA astronaut Scott Kelly spent 340 consecutive days in space while his identical twin brother Mark, a retired NASA astronaut, remained firmly planted on Earth. (smithsonianmag.com)
The Twins Study, conducted in collaboration between NASA and multiple institutions including Weill Cornell Medicine, analyzed the differences between the twin brothers to explore how human bodies change after long-term spaceflight. (cornellsun.com)

In MZ pairs discordant for IWL, co-twins with at least one IWL were 0.4 kg m −2 ( P =0.041) heavier at 25 years than their non-dieting co-twins (no differences in baseline BMIs). (nature.com)
Despite extraordinary differences between identical twin siblings in occupational and leisure-time physical loading conditions throughout adulthood, surprisingly little effect on disc degeneration was observed. (sciencedaily.com)
Recently, biological studies based on molecular methods are now being increasingly applied to examine the differences between MZs discordance for psychiatric disorders to unravel their possible causes. (springer.com)
In recent years, studies on the differences between genomic and epigenomic characteristics of MZs have led to the development of new approaches for elucidating the etiology of psychiatric disorders (Liang et al. (springer.com)
Bathgate is the co-lead author of a new study in the European Journal of Applied Physiology that explores the remarkable physical differences that accrued between the brothers as their lifestyles diverged for more than 30 years. (theglobeandmail.com)

By integrating data on the immune profiles of healthy monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs, we estimated the variance in CD25 expression by helper T cells displaying a naive phenotype to be largely driven by genetic and shared early environmental influences. (nature.com)
When we then see that a certain character trait is more common in monozygotic twin pairs than in dizygotic twin pairs, it is an indication that there is a genetic influence. (unchealthcare.org)

Here we investigated the peripheral immune signatures of 61 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for MS to dissect the influence of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. (nature.com)
Conversely, a registry-based study investigated the familial recurrence rate of MS and revealed that monozygotic twin pairs displayed the highest familial risk (17% age-adjusted risk for the unaffected twin) of developing MS, indicating a strong heritable effect 8 . (nature.com)
Here we conducted an in-depth pairwise analysis of the systemic immune compartment of 61 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for MS, in which both siblings carry the same genetic and early-life environmental risk for the disease, yet only one is affected by MS. This approach thus eliminated the majority of bias attributed to variable genetic and early environmental influences in a heterogenous population 17 , 18 . (nature.com)

Korkeila M, Rissanen A, Kaprio J, Sorensen TI, Koskenvuo M . Weight-loss attempts and risk of major weight gain: a prospective study in Finnish adults. (nature.com)
What do you learn by looking at the spines of hundreds of Finnish twins? (sciencedaily.com)
A study of 41 pairs of Finnish identical twins published earlier this year found that pairs with significantly different weights also got significantly different amount of exercise. (theglobeandmail.com)
4 In the Finnish study, the average age at separation was 4.3 years, and 12 of the 30 "reared-apart" MZ pairs were separated between the ages of 6 and 10. (madinamerica.com)

During the course of the exposure-discordant twin studies, said Crites-Battié, the observation that struck anyone who viewed the twin sibling images side-by-side was the strong resemblance in disc degeneration, not only in the degree of degeneration, but also in the types of findings and spinal levels involved. (sciencedaily.com)
Gemini) served as an important example of "discordant" twins. (springer.com)

Twin studies of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder have employed epidemiological approaches that determine heritability by comparing the concordance rate between monozygotic twins (MZs) and dizygotic twins. (springer.com)
In epidemiological twin studies, comparisons of the concordance rate between monozygotic twins (MZs) and dizygotic twins (DZs) are very important. (springer.com)
2017 ). The current paper focuses on epidemiological and molecular genetic research studies in MZs with the purpose of unravelling useful insights on factors that can lead to SCZ and ASD. (springer.com)

The overall numbers in this study were still small for genome-wide association analysis, but they help validate some of the findings we've seen in smaller studies," Ley says. (eurekalert.org)
Cell Host & Microbe ( @cellhostmicrobe ), published by Cell Press, is a monthly journal that publishes novel findings and translational studies related to microbes (which include bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses). (eurekalert.org)
The findings of the Twin Spine Study, an ongoing research program started in 1991, have led to a dramatic paradigm shift in the way disc degeneration is understood. (sciencedaily.com)
Our study confirmed previous findings of a negative association between depressive symptoms and HRQL. (plos.org)
Their findings indicated that twins had a substantially lower suicide rate compared with the general population, supporting the authors' hypothesis that strong family ties reduce the risk for suicidal behaviour. (suicideinfo.ca)
ME/CFS patients have significant functional impairment as illustrated by findings from CDC's ongoing study of patients in seven clinics of ME/CFS specialists ( Figure ). (cdc.gov)
This article reports the findings of the study implemented in response to that recommendation. (cdc.gov)
The Cuban Twin Registry: initial findings and perspectives ( Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)

The Swedish Twin Registry (STR), which today has developed into a unique resource, was first established in the late 1950s to study the importance of smoking and alcohol consumption on cancer and cardiovascular diseases whilst controlling for genetic propensity to disease. (nih.gov)
A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted of 135 MZ and 277 DZ healthy female twin pairs, 50 years of age and older, who were recruited into the St. Thomas' UK Adult Twin Registry. (unboundmedicine.com)
We measured lifetime history of PTSD using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV in 238 male middle-aged military veteran twin pairs (476 individuals), selected from the Vietnam Era Twins Registry, who were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. (nih.gov)
The study was supported by funding from the Mid-Atlantic Twin Registry and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health. (neurosciencenews.com)
The present study linked the Vietnam Era Twin Registry with the Department of Veterans Affairs VistA patient care clinical database. (bvsalud.org)
Australian Twin Registry: 30 years of progress (Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
The Australian Twin Registry as a resource for genetic studies into ophthalmic traits (Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
The introduction of the Australian twin registry (in Chinese) ( Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. (lu.se)
Australian Twin Registry: a nationally funded resource for medical and scientific research, incorporating match and WATCH (Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
The Australian Twin Registry (Twin Res. (lu.se)
Australian NHMRC Twin Registry: a resource for pediatric research (Pediatr Cardiol. (lu.se)
Australian N.H. & M.R.C. Twin Registry (Aust N Z J Med. (lu.se)
Australian NHMRC twin registry (Med J Aust. (lu.se)
The Brazilian Twin Registry (Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
Brazilian Twin Registry: A Bright Future for Twin Studies/Twin Research (Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
Chilean school-age children twin registry: planning, sampling and implications ( Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
The Chinese National Twin Registry: A Unique Data Source for Systems Epidemiology of Complex Disease ( Twin Res hum Genet. (lu.se)
The Chinese National Twin Registry: a 'gold mine' for scientific research ( J Intern Med. (lu.se)
The Chinese National Twin Registry: an update ( Twin Res hum Genet. (lu.se)
Current status of the Chinese National Twin Registry ( Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
Chinese National Twin Registry as a resource for genetic epidemiologic studies of common and complex diseases in China ( Twin Res. (lu.se)
The Qingdao Twin Registry: a status update ( Twin Res hum Genet. (lu.se)
The Qingdao Twin Registry: a focus on chronic disease research ( Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
The Danish Twin Registry: An Updated Overview ( Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
The Danish Twin Registry: linking surveys, national registers, and biological information ( Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
The Danish Twin Registry (Scand J Public Health. (lu.se)
The Danish Twin Registry in the new millennium ( Twin Res Hum Genet. (lu.se)
The danish twin registry: past and present ( Twin Res. (lu.se)
The Danish Twin Registry: 127 birth cohorts of twins ( Twin Res. (lu.se)
The early history of the Danish twin registry (in Danish) ( Dan Medicinhist Arbog. (lu.se)

To identify some of these environmental factors, Kathryn J. Martires, B.A., of Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, and colleagues studied 65 pairs of twins attending the 2002 annual Twin Days Festival in Twinsburg, Ohio. (skininc.com)

Together, our matched-pair analysis of the extended twin approach allowed us to discern genetically and environmentally determined features of an MS-associated immune signature. (nature.com)
Studies using genetically sensitive designs have shown that the association between depressive symptoms and HRQL might in part be attributed to a shared genetic aetiology [ 4 - 7 ]. (plos.org)

His study compared twin pairs age 9-10 and 13-14 to normal siblings born within a few years of one another. (wikipedia.org)

The Twins Days Festival provides a rare opportunity to study a large number of twin pairs to control for genetic susceptibility. (skininc.com)
One study compared genetic variations in a large number of people with and without a susceptibility to motion sickness. (medlineplus.gov)

These studies have been used to track traits ranging from personal behavior to the presentation of severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia. (wikipedia.org)
At the end of the nineteenth century, Francis Golton was the first to consider twins as a useful scientific model, questioning whether human traits originated from genetic or environmental causes. (springer.com)
We also investigate how these traits relate to physical and mental health, educational attainment and wellbeing.Materials & MethodsWe use a sample of nearly 5000 pairs of UK twins aged 21-25 from the Twins Early Development Study. (royalholloway.ac.uk)

Twins have been of interest to scholars since early civilization, including the early physician Hippocrates (5th century BCE), who attributed different diseases in twins to different material circumstances, and the stoic philosopher Posidonius (1st century BCE), who attributed such similarities to shared astrological circumstances. (wikipedia.org)
This multiyear research effort, which includes a total of 12,000 twins, is looking at a number of diseases and conditions. (eurekalert.org)

More than 3000 twins born between 1994 and 1996 in England and Wales participated in the study. (databasefootball.com)
The Danish Twin Register (1996) ( Dan Med Bull. (lu.se)

Coakley EH, Rimm EB, Colditz G, Kawachi I, Willett W . Predictors of weight change in men: results from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. (nature.com)
Twin Health's Whole Body Digital Twin platform collects thousands of data points each day from wearable sensors, then combines those readings with the results of blood tests and self-reported questionnaires to build a computer model of each patient. (fiercebiotech.com)
The promising clinical results arrive shortly after Twin Health raked in a similarly promising series C funding round. (fiercebiotech.com)
Having twins as a results of in vitro fertilization (IVF) carries higher risks of complications for both mother and babies than having two single babies from separate IVF procedures, according to a Swedish study. (health.am)
These results support single-embryo transfer to minimize the risks associated with twin pregnancies," added Sazonova of Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden. (health.am)
The results, along with a series of other recent twin studies, offer a crucial reminder of how malleable our bodies really are. (theglobeandmail.com)
Jackson NJ, Isen JD, Khoddam R, Irons D, Tuvblad C, Iacono WG, McGue M, Raine A, Baker LA. "Impact of adolescent marijuana use on intelligence: Results from two longitudinal twin studies" Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2016 Feb 03;113(5):E500-8. (erowid.org)
Nonetheless, research on this topic is scarce and often shows conflicting results, with some studies showing detrimental effects of marijuana use on cognitive functioning and others showing no significant long-term effects. (erowid.org)
Notably, women aged 30 and older appeared to face more twin births, though the results were consistent across females of all ages. (healthjockey.com)
Study results are published in the January issue of the journal Sleep . (neurosciencenews.com)
The aim of this study was to examine the strength of this relationship and the degree to which it results from common genetic or common environmental influences. (lu.se)
The results underscore the need of encourage women expecting twins to discuss with other women experiencing the same situation in order to facilitate their identification processes and to support their maternal sense of competence. (bvsalud.org)
However, we do not include papers presenting results from studies based on data from the registers. (lu.se)

As fertility procedures continue to improve, twin births, and especially higher-order multiple births, would be expected to continue to decline. (cdc.gov)
I. 'Street of twins': multiple births in Cuba II. (lu.se)

As Leon Kamin and other analysts pointed out long ago, however, TRA studies based on volunteer twins are plagued by similarity biases, in part because twins had to have known of each other's existence to be able to participate in the study. (madinamerica.com)

The neonatal and maternal outcomes were dramatically better for women undergoing two IVF singleton pregnancies compared with one IVF twin pregnancy after double-embryo transfer," wrote lead researcher Antonina Sazonova in the journal Fertility and Sterility. (health.am)
Data for 3,948 participants came from the Colombo Twin and Singleton Follow-up Study (CoTaSS-2). (plos.org)
The Colombo Twin and Singleton study was funded in whole, or in part, by the Wellcome Trust [Grant number 093206/Z/10/Z], https://wellcome.org . (plos.org)
In this qualitative comparative study, ten women have been met: three were expecting samesex twins, three were expecting sex-different twins, and four women were carrying a singleton pregnancy. (bvsalud.org)

This study suggests that ARFID is highly heritable. (unchealthcare.org)
A new study of twins suggests that insomnia in childhood and adolescence is partially explained by genetic factors. (neurosciencenews.com)

A cross-sectional study was conducted on a multistage random sample of 350 elderly people. (who.int)

Participants were identified from the University's Cardiff Study of All Wales and North West of England twins. (sciencedaily.com)
Genetic factors contributed to 33 to 38 percent of the insomnia ratings at the first two stages of the study, when participants had an average age of 8 to 10 years. (neurosciencenews.com)
We investigated GCA from young adulthood through late midlife in 1,288 Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging participants at ages ~20, ~56, and ~62 years. (ed.gov)
Participants (n = 2,370, 59.6% monozygotic twins and 40.4% dizygotic twins ) had a median of seven (interquartile range 3-14) plasma sodium determinations between October 1999 and March 2017. (bvsalud.org)

Now, with the ability to study studying the microbiome , the investigators were able to take a closer look at specific taxa that are important. (medicalxpress.com)
We decided to focus on children because we hypothesized twow things-that the oral microbiome rapidly changes with age, and also that child twin pairs are likely to have a shared environment," Nelson says. (medicalxpress.com)
The team plans to continue studying the twins over repeat visits to examine changing patterns in the oral microbiome . (medicalxpress.com)

Some of the most exciting things that we've seen from looking at gene expression in space is that we really see an explosion, like fireworks taking off, as soon as the human body gets into space,' Twins Study principal investigator Chris Mason said in a statement. (scientificamerican.com)

The investigators used the genome-wide association approach to look for connections between genetic variations between twin pairs and certain bacterial types that were present and stable in the study subjects. (eurekalert.org)
A recent meta- genome-wide association study on plasma sodium concentration identified novel loci of high biological plausibility, yet heritability of the phenotype has never been convincingly shown in European ancestry. (bvsalud.org)

KJ Martires, P Fu, AM Polster, KD Cooper and ED Baron, Factors That Affect Skin Aging: A Cohort-based Survey on Twins. (skininc.com)
A cohort of almost 17,000 pairs of twins in Sweden born between 1992 and 2010 participated in the study. (unchealthcare.org)
Coding of occupation for the "young cohort" of the Danish twin register. (lu.se)

Gustav III, King of Sweden was the first to commission a medical study using identical twins. (wikipedia.org)
The three subsequent TRA studies were published in the 1980s and 1990s, and included Thomas J. Bouchard, Jr. and colleagues' widely cited " Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart " (MISTRA), and studies performed in Sweden and Finland. (madinamerica.com)

Twins research at Cardiff University is very important for research into the underlying causes of behaviour. (sciencedaily.com)
The research on Scott Kelly and his identical twin marks "the dawn of human genomics in space. (nbcnews.com)
WASHINGTON - From his eyes to his immune system, astronaut Scott Kelly's body sometimes reacted strangely to nearly a year in orbit, at least compared to his Earth-bound identical twin - but newly published research shows nothing that would cancel even longer space treks, like to Mars. (nbcnews.com)
and Shields studies were based on twins who had volunteered to participate after responding to media or researcher appeals to do so in the interest of scientific research. (madinamerica.com)
The three tables I present below are adapted from tables in my 2015 book The Trouble with Twin Studies: A Reassessment of Twin Research in the Social and Behavioral Sciences . (madinamerica.com)
Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. (medicalxpress.com)
Twin studies report genetic and individual-level environmental underpinnings in the aetiology of both depression and HRQL, but there is limited twin research exploring this association further. (plos.org)
The next step in Dr. Dinkler's research is to study the extent to which ARFID is associated with other psychiatric diagnoses, such as anxiety and depression, neurodevelopmental disorders, and gastrointestinal problems. (unchealthcare.org)
The study was mainly funded by the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Mental Health Fund, Fredrik and Ingrid Thuring Foundation, Lundbeckfonden, NIMH and Brain and Behavior Research Foundation. (unchealthcare.org)
The goals of this research were to construct a thermal spray coating generator and exposure system for toxicology studies and to characterize the properties of the formed aerosols during different spray coating processes in a laboratory setting. (cdc.gov)

While scientists have known for several decades that your muscle fibres can adapt to the demands you put on them, this difference was far greater than any previously reported in identical twins. (theglobeandmail.com)
In another study of more than 2,000 twins, Plomin and scientists around Gary Lewis from the University of London also looked at how genetic factors, but also environmental influences, affect the relationship between mental health and school performance (2). (databasefootball.com)
We train the next generation of quantitative scientists to enable them to develop and calibrate digital twins for real-world real-time decision support in topical physical, physiological, ecological and engineering applications. (gla.ac.uk)

This is important to public health because of the greater risk of poor pregnancy outcome, such as preterm birth and infant death, for babies born in twin pregnancies compared with those born in single pregnancies. (cdc.gov)

The study led by Dr Tom Fowler with colleagues at Cardiff University and Professor Anne Farmer at the Institute of Psychiatry, London, found that 67% of the influences on short-duration fatigue in children and adolescents are genetic. (sciencedaily.com)
The study was published online Feb. 1 in JAMA Psychiatry . (unchealthcare.org)

The study identified an interesting link between certain bacteria in the gut and important aspects of bone health such as strength, density and composition. (medicaldaily.com)
Bacteria that were associated with fewer cavities were in lower abundance in twins who had a lot of added sugar in their food and drinks. (medicalxpress.com)

The presence of a given genetic or phenotypic trait in only one member of a pair of identical twins (called discordance) provides a powerful window into environmental effects on such a trait. (wikipedia.org)

Of late, we see many twins and even triplets coming into the picture. (healthjockey.com)

There was evidence of significant familial clustering for grade I and grade II OA changes, with an excess concordance in MZ twins compared with DZ twins, suggesting a genetic effect. (unboundmedicine.com)

The purpose of the present study was to examine the associations of marijuana use with changes in intellectual performance in two longitudinal studies of adolescent twins (n = 789 and n = 2,277). (erowid.org)
We conducted a hypothesis-generating pilot study to examine if host genetic variants were associated with fatal influenza virus infection by comparing prevalence of selected host genetic variants among children and young adults who died of influenza with population-based prevalence estimates. (cdc.gov)

Scott Kelly (left) spent nearly year aboard the International Space Station while his identical twin brother and fellow astronaut Mark (right) stayed on Earth as a control subject. (scientificamerican.com)

To this end he offered to commute the death sentences of a pair of twin murderers if they participated in a primitive clinical trial. (wikipedia.org)
The pair are identical twins. (upi.com)
What makes Bathgate's twin pair so unique is not just the huge difference in exercise levels, but also the duration of their natural experiment. (theglobeandmail.com)
Like the famous MISTRA " Firefighter Pair ," some twins discovered each other because of their behavioral similarities. (madinamerica.com)
Table 2 contains information on all 44 "reared-apart" MZ pairs studied by Shields, accompanied by excerpts from Shields' case history material for each pair. (madinamerica.com)
The information on these 75 MZ twin pairs can be read in Tables 1-3 pair-by-pair from left to right, but another approach would be to read the right-hand column "From the Case Descriptions" straight down from the top to the bottom of each table (pairs are separated from other pairs by horizontal lines). (madinamerica.com)
The study group comprised 1,412 twin pairs who were between the ages of 8 and 18 years: 739 monozygotic pairs, 672 dizygotic pairs and one pair with unknown zygosity. (neurosciencenews.com)

6 They are based on original-source information found in the above-mentioned three TRA studies whose authors provided detailed case histories. (madinamerica.com)
The relationships found between smoking, weight, sunscreen use, skin cancer and photodamage in these twin pairs may help to motivate the reduction of risky behaviors. (skininc.com)
When compared to a scenario in 1980, where a twin was found in every 53 babies, it definitely showed a rise. (healthjockey.com)
Generally, the two reports found that minimum wage hikes in the Twin Cities cost jobs, especially in the restaurant industry. (americanexperiment.org)
To study the case, Sahana brought in concepts and theories from the field of sustainability science that she found particularly exciting, which allowed her to broaden her perspective and make the topic relevant to more disciplines. (lu.se)
A recent large family study that used genealogic databases found an elevated risk for influenza death among relatives of persons who died of influenza ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)

Dr. Fu and his team analyzed 3,360 pairs of middle-aged, predominantly Caucasian twins who served in the military during the Vietnam War. (scienceblog.com)
Heritability among Caucasian (n = 1,958) and African-American (n = 268) twins was 0.41 (95% confidence interval 0.34-0.47) and 0.36 (95% confidence interval 0.17-0.52), respectively. (bvsalud.org)

Heritability and individuality of the plasma sodium concentration: a twin study in the United States veteran population. (bvsalud.org)
Heritability of the mean plasma sodium concentration among all twins was 0.41 (95% confidence interval 0.35-0.46) and 0.49 (95% confidence interval 0.43-0.54) after exclusion of 514 twins with only a single plasma sodium determination . (bvsalud.org)

This brings us to a report by Michigan State University professionals which reveals that older moms-to-be are likely to give birth to twins. (healthjockey.com)

The investigators analyzed the gut microbiomes of 1,126 pairs of twins who were part of the TwinsUK Study. (eurekalert.org)

METHODS: We conducted a cross sectional study in four mainly urban areas of the North West of England. (who.int)

As a result, twin studies of psychiatric disorders are greatly contributing to the elucidation of genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of psychiatric conditions. (springer.com)

The study indicates that training the brain to block out negative thoughts could improve symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD. (medicaldaily.com)
I suspect homosexual urges (which do also occur in animals) are rooted in one of two things: either a spontaneous gene mutation, or a chemical issue in the brain during gestation (which would not inherently affect both twins). (wdtprs.com)

Specifically, they profiled the oral microbiomes of 485 twin pairs between the ages of 5 and 11. (medicalxpress.com)

The authors of these six studies assessed twin resemblance and calculated correlations for "intelligence" (IQ), "personality," and other aspects of human behavior. (madinamerica.com)

With the support from a cadre of VC backers-including ICONIQ Growth, Sequoia Capital India, Perceptive Advisors, Corner Ventures, LTS Investments, Helena and Sofina-Twin Health said at the time that it would direct the funds toward continued development of the Whole Body Digital Twin platform, including an expansion into new disease areas. (fiercebiotech.com)
To assess the genetic contribution to radiographic hip osteoarthritis (OA) by measuring the distribution of disease features in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. (unboundmedicine.com)
However, to our knowledge, no published studies have examined the association between specific host genetic variants and severe influenza disease outcomes. (cdc.gov)

Average ages at each of the four waves of the study were 8, 10, 14 and 15 years. (neurosciencenews.com)
Luckily, last week, the Federal Reserve Bank released two new reports which add two years of data for both Minneapolis and St. Paul allowing a better analysis of the effects of minimum wage on the Twin Cities, especially at a time when states were recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic. (americanexperiment.org)

Anatomy1

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs1

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Psychiatry and Psychology35

Phenomena and Processes24

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena4

Humanities1

Information Science5

Named Groups8

Health Care24

Publication Characteristics1

Geographicals7

Fraternal15

Genes18

Genetics8

Researchers20

20203

NASA's2

Longitudinal study3

Astronauts6

20185

Mark Kelly2

NASA5

Differences5

Dizygotic twin pairs2

Monozygotic twin pairs3

Finnish4

Discordant2

Epidemiological3

Findings8

Registry30

20021

Genetically2

Compared twin pairs1

Susceptibility2

Traits3

Diseases2

19962

Results13

Multiple births2

Similarity1

Singleton4

Suggests2

Cross-sectional study was1

Participants4

Microbiome3

Chris Mason1

Genome-wide association2

Cohort3

Sweden2

Research10

Scientists3

Pregnancies compared1

Psychiatry2

Bacteria2

Discordance1

Triplets1

Concordance1

Examine2

Scott Kelly1

Pair7

Found6

Caucasian2

Heritability2

Reveals1

Investigators1

Methods1

Disorders1

Brain2

Microbiomes1

Resemblance1

Disease3

Years2