• It is commonly assumed that the evaporation physics of such respiratory droplets is governed by the {\it d-squared} law describing the fate of a single drop evaporating in a quiescent environment, rooted in the assumption of homogeneity of the multiphase cloud. (aps.org)
  • Yet, our direct experimental observations and in situ measurements of such clouds, show that this law does not in fact govern the evaporation of the droplets in exhaled multiphase clouds. (aps.org)
  • The ordinary differential equations for droplet motion, heating and evaporation are solved by an explicit forward time integration, which starts at the injection point. (sv-jme.eu)
  • ln order to achieve this objective, CFD simulations were developed for predicting the water particle trajectories inside an industrial axial compressor, the rate of evaporation of water droplets on axial compressor blades by inertial impaction, turbulent diffusion, pressure and temperature increments. (cranfield.ac.uk)
  • Simulation of water droplet trajectories and evaporation of water droplet content in designed 260MW gas turbine engine were undertaken. (cranfield.ac.uk)
  • In the case of BWR , in which a phase transition (evaporation) occurs, detailed knowledge of this flow regime is highly important. (nuclear-power.com)
  • During the mature phase, evaporation due to surface warming induced by infrared radiation emitted by fog was the dominant process. (copernicus.org)
  • In this research article we propose the use of single-phase CFD to map out the local maximum stable droplet diameter within a given device, based on well-known academic droplet break-up studies in quasi-steady 2D linear flows. (mdpi.com)
  • Use cases are categorization of 3D objects (i.e. liquid droplets) in DNS of two-phase flows or turbulent structure in DNS of single-phase flows. (rdb.is)
  • Governing Equations]], [[Navier-Stokes equations]], [[Viscous Fluid Flow]], [[Compressible flow]], [[Internal incompressible viscous flow]], [[External incompressible viscous flow]], [[Flow in open channels]], [[Turbomachinery]], [[Laminar boundary layer flows]], [[Turbulent boundary layer flows]], [[Compressible boundary layer flows]] (thermalfluidscentral.org)
  • In liquid flows, contaminants are difficult to avoid. (bagherigroup.com)
  • The obtained results are used as experimental data to model and calculate turbulent reacting flows. (csic.es)
  • Development of stabilized finite element methods to calculate incompressible and compressible flows, both laminar and turbulent. (csic.es)
  • Further agglomeration of slugs, caused by further increasing void fraction, causes separation of the phases into annular patterns wherein liquid concentrates at the channel wall, and vapor flows in the central core of the vertical channel. (nuclear-power.com)
  • The gravitational force acting on the liquid phase can be overcome by kinetic forces at high flow rates, causing stratified flows to revert to annular flows. (nuclear-power.com)
  • It is characterized by the presence of a liquid film flowing on the channel wall (forming an annular ring of liquid) while the gas flows as a continuous phase up in the center of the tube . (nuclear-power.com)
  • JAX-Fluids: A fully-differentiable high-order computational fluid dynamics solver for compressible two-phase flows. (tum.de)
  • This phase of co-ordinated research topics continues the very successful investigations to improve industry's ability to understand Transient Multiphase Flows. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • The objective is to develop a global modelling framework for multi-scale core thermal-hydraulics in Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) as understanding heat transfer phenomena in turbulent bubbly flows is of great interest for the scientist community and for the industry. (gauss-centre.eu)
  • Study of turbulent dispersion modelling effects on dispersed multiphase flows properties. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • Hydrodynamics and Heat Transfer in Gas-Driven Liquid Film Flows. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • Large Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Reacting Flows With Radiative Heat Transfer. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • On the Reliability of Large-Eddy Simulation for Dispersed Two-Phase Flows. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • The average film thickness and the fluctuation of film thickness decreased with gas flow velocity and increased with the liquid flow velocity and the relationship between the average film thickness and the roughness is determined by the liquid and gas flows [ 6 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Depending upon the nature of the desired experiment, the manner in which the fluids are manipulated and the number of phases present within the fluid flow can be different. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Reynolds number (Re) determines whether fluid flow is laminar or turbulent. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common method for generating droplets includes the flow of an aqueous stream perpendicular to an oil stream. (wikipedia.org)
  • Depending upon the geometry of the microfluidic device as well as the flow rates used, droplets can also be formed using a flow focusing device. (wikipedia.org)
  • Compared to their individual constituent liquids, the flow properties of an emulsion are seemingly erratic, with the viscosity changing dramatically with the mixture's composition, for example. (aps.org)
  • Now, Dennis Bakhuis of the University of Twente, Netherlands, and colleagues have induced and characterized various phase changes in emulsions subjected to a turbulent flow [ 1 ]. (aps.org)
  • The challenge, thus, is to link a sufficiently detailed flow analysis to the droplet behavior in a way that is both physically relevant and computationally manageable. (mdpi.com)
  • In many industrial and natural processes such as turbulent combustion, agricultural sprays, spray cooler, falling raindrops and cloud evolution the droplet is subjected to a chaotic unsteady external flow field. (iisc.ac.in)
  • A theoretical model was developed to simulate the droplet shape oscillations induced by different ambient flow fields like pulsatile flow, vortical flow and flow with broadband energy spectrum. (iisc.ac.in)
  • The time of interaction of the droplet with an eddy in the flow is found to be very crucial in determining the amplitude of oscillation of the droplet. (iisc.ac.in)
  • Multiphase flow may involve the flow of a gas-liquid, liquid-liquid, liquid-solid, gas-solid, gas-liquid-liquid, gas-liquid-solid, or gas-liquid-liquid-solid mixture. (comsol.com)
  • Instead, the presence of the different phases is described using fields, such as volume fractions, while interphase effects such as surface tension, buoyancy, and transport across phase boundaries are treated as sources and sinks in the model equations of so-called dispersed multiphase flow models. (comsol.com)
  • Separated multiphase flow models describe the phase boundary in detail, while dispersed multiphase flow models only deal with volume fractions of one phase dispersed in a continuous phase. (comsol.com)
  • However, in the separated multiphase flow model, the different phases are exclusive, and there is a sharp phase boundary between them where the phase field function, Φ , changes abruptly. (comsol.com)
  • In the dispersed multiphase flow model, the function Φ describes the local average volume fraction of gas, the dispersed phase, in the liquid, the continuous phase. (comsol.com)
  • In other words, in the dispersed multiphase flow models, the gas and liquid phases can be defined in the same point in space and time, while in the separated multiphase flow models, there is either gas or liquid at a given point and time. (comsol.com)
  • Chemical reactions]], [[Phase and chemical equilibrium]], [[Thermodynamics of compressible flow]], [[Fundamentals of statistical thermodynamics]], [[Distribution functions and thermodynamics of Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein Gases]] (thermalfluidscentral.org)
  • Progress has been achieved for IATE modeling in bubbly, slug, and churn-turbulent flow during the past two decades. (purdue.edu)
  • First is extending the current experiment and modeling capability from churn-turbulent to annular flow. (purdue.edu)
  • In this study, an advanced four-sensor droplet capable conductivity probe (DCCP-4) is developed to capture all interfaces in churn-turbulent and annular flow, including liquid film, liquid droplet, gas core, and gas bubble. (purdue.edu)
  • A first of a kind experimental database in churn-turbulent, annular, and wispy annular flow with two-dimensional spatial distributions is established, which provides the experimental basis for the multi-field two-phase flow model development. (purdue.edu)
  • In addition, a new constitutive model to quantify the interfacial area between the gas core and liquid film of annular flow is developed, which fills the last theoretical gap of interfacial area modeling. (purdue.edu)
  • Vertical-upward air-water two-phase flow experiments are performed. (purdue.edu)
  • We design the packing to promote mass transfer with its multiple gas/liquid contact points, providing a large surface area, active surface renewal of the liquid phase and turbulent air flow characteristics. (lioneteam.com)
  • Experiments are performed in axisymmetric jets with particles/droplets dragged by air to characterize and control the different phenomena responsible for dispersion and mixing of the particles in the flow. (csic.es)
  • Research includes measurement of mean values, variance and correlations of the velocity components for both phases, simultaneous determination of velocity and particle size, and computation of local mass flow rates. (csic.es)
  • Measurements are obtained with a phase-Doppler anemometer (PDA), particle image velocimetry (PIV), and flow visualization. (csic.es)
  • Determination of mass flow rates with Phase Doppler anemometry. (csic.es)
  • Characterization of atomizing nozzles, either commercial or designed in LITEC, analyzing parameters such as pressure and flow rate, droplet mean diameter and droplet size distribution, spray angle, droplet velocity and spray structure. (csic.es)
  • For the droplet inlet boundary, there were 4 main factors considered, namely droplet initial temperature, droplet flow rate, droplet axial slip velocity and droplet average initial diameter. (cranfield.ac.uk)
  • Other than mechanical effects due to the impact of particulates during online washing, the main aero thermal effects are due to the flow changes occurring on account of the two phase nature of the working fluid, heat and mass transfer among the two phases, modification in thermal and transport properties, and changes in chemical action and combustion. (cranfield.ac.uk)
  • They can introduce major changes in the amount and distribution of the discrete phases of fluid along the flow path in compressors. (cranfield.ac.uk)
  • On one hand, there is no validated computational model available to assist with understanding the complex relationship between the injection parameters and the resultant flow pattern and trajectories of the droplet as well as there is no information regarding the droplet build up on the blade surface in a multistage axial compressor during online washing. (cranfield.ac.uk)
  • As this work is focused on the model (droplet parameter) sensitivities rather than the CFD model itself, presented in this investigation herewith are only the main features of the generic droplet trajectories flow pattern in a multistage industrial axial compressor. (cranfield.ac.uk)
  • 3.1 Laminar and Turbulent Flow. (cevremuhendisleri.net)
  • One of the most challenging aspects of dealing with the two-phase flow or multi-phase flow is that it can take many different forms . (nuclear-power.com)
  • Spatial distributions and velocities of the liquid and vapor phases in the flow channel is a very important aspect in many engineering branches. (nuclear-power.com)
  • The observed flow structures are defined as two-phase flow patterns, and these have particular identifying characteristics. (nuclear-power.com)
  • In horizontal tubes , there can also be stratified flow (especially at low flow rates), at which the two phases separate under the effect of gravity. (nuclear-power.com)
  • The vapor/gas phase tends to be distributed as small bubbles at low vapor flow rates for a constant liquid flow rate. (nuclear-power.com)
  • For horizontal channels , gravitational force tends to drain the liquid annulus toward the bottom of the channel, resulting in stratified flow . (nuclear-power.com)
  • At very high flow rates , the annular film is thinned by the shear of the vapor core, and all the liquid is entrained as droplets in the vapor phase. (nuclear-power.com)
  • In the bubbly flow, the liquid flow rate is high enough to break up the gas into bubbles, but it is not high enough to cause the bubbles to become mixed well within the liquid phase. (nuclear-power.com)
  • Since these large gas slugs are separated from one another by slugs of liquid, they cause enormous pressure and liquid flow rate fluctuations . (nuclear-power.com)
  • Churn flow , also referred to as froth flow is a highly disturbed flow of two-phase fluid flow. (nuclear-power.com)
  • The churn flow is characterized by the presence of a very thick and unstable liquid film , with the liquid often oscillating up and down . (nuclear-power.com)
  • Due to its nearly chaotic properties , it is one of the least understood gas-liquid flow regimes. (nuclear-power.com)
  • Especially for many accident scenarios, boiling may lead to a high void fraction, including churn-turbulent flow . (nuclear-power.com)
  • Annular flow is a flow regime of two-phase gas-liquid flow. (nuclear-power.com)
  • The flow core can contain entrained liquid droplets. (nuclear-power.com)
  • This flow regime is particularly stable, and it is desired flow regime for high-velocity, high-quality two-phase fluid flow. (nuclear-power.com)
  • At given combinations of flow rate through a channel, pressure, flow quality, and linear heat rate, the liquid wall film may exhaust, and the wall may be dried out . (nuclear-power.com)
  • Chapter 6 of Implicit Large Eddy Simulation: Computing Turbulent Flow Dynamics, F. Grinstein, L. Margolin and B. Rider (Eds. (tum.de)
  • Will this flushing-induced turbulent flow expel aerosol particles containing viruses out of the bowl? (aip.org)
  • The researchers separately employed detailed computational techniques/models (namely direct numerical simulation, DNS, and large eddy simulation, LES, for turbulence, Interface Tracking Methods (ITM), and Lagrangian particle tracking for multiphase flow representation) to infer coarse-grained interfacial momentum and heat transfer models for phase-averaged Eulerian prediction techniques (Homogeneous Algebraic Slip (ASM), or Two-Fluid). (gauss-centre.eu)
  • 2023. The interfacial modes and modal causality in a dispersed bubbly turbulent flow . (hlrs.de)
  • Correlation approach for treatment of single phase laminar, turbulent and two-phase flow. (uconn.edu)
  • In particular, on a small scale, focus will be on solvent exchange and multicomponent droplet nucleation and dissolution, while on large scales multiphase and multicomponent turbulent Taylor-Couette flow will be emphasized. (balzan.org)
  • The state of non-equilibrium can be driven by flow, mixture, phase transitions, chemical reactions, electrical current, or heat, to name some of the driving factors. (balzan.org)
  • CC geometries are recommended for low-viscosity liquids and liquids with low surface tension (such as oils) because they often tend to flow out of the gap of CP or PP geometries. (anton-paar.com)
  • Two-phase annular flow in vertical pipes is one of the most common and important flow regimes in fluid mechanics, particularly in the field of building drainage systems where discharges to the vertical pipe are random and the flow is unsteady. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • With the development of experimental techniques and analytical methods, the understanding of the fundamental mechanism of the annular two-phase flow has been significantly advanced, such as liquid film development, evolution of the disturbance wave, and droplet entrainment mechanism. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • For an annular two-phase flow in a vertical pipe, the peripheral liquid film generally includes ripple and disturbance waves and acts as a thin wall for the gaseous core flow with entrained drops, as shown in Figure 1 . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Annular flow gets stable when the fluid has higher effective viscosity (molecular and turbulent viscosity) in the core region and lower viscosity fluid in the annulus [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The liquid film thickness is determined by the piping system configuration and the flow conditions such as the liquid flow rate, fluid (gas/liquid) properties, and flow directions. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Structure of a typical two-phase annular flow in vertical pipe showing the disturbance waves, ripple waves, liquid film, and entrained droplets. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • [ 7 ] collected high-frequency film thickness data of a gas-liquid annular flow and found the film variation along the axial direction was not significant (within ±10% of average values). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The volume-of-fluid (VOF) model is used to simulate two common flushing processes (single-inlet flushing and annular flushing), and the VOF-discrete phase model (DPM) method is used to model the trajectories of aerosol particles during flushing. (aip.org)
  • Particles are reduced to micron- or nano-sized droplets using ultrasonic high shear mixers. (adinath.co.in)
  • A revolving impeller is used in the rotor-stator mixer to combine particles and liquids. (adinath.co.in)
  • It provides a bridge between the microscopic world of particles and the macroscopic world that we can observe, explaining phenomena like the behaviour of liquids and gases, phase transitions, and the thermodynamic properties of materials. (mpg.de)
  • The ability to control atomization characteristics of droplets by lading them with nanoparticles is a powerful technique that may be implemented in spray coolers and combustors to control the spray characteristics or combustion efficiency. (iisc.ac.in)
  • The flammability limits of the fuel vapor are taken into account, and the concentrations of fuel vapor, air, combustion products and steam evaporated from the droplets in the gas mixture are calculated by solving the equations for the mixture mass fractions. (sv-jme.eu)
  • Conservation equations for multicomponent reacting systems]], [[Transport phenomena in combustion]], [[Flame]], [[Detonation and deflagration waves of premixed gases]], [[Premixed laminar flames]], [[Gaseous diffusion flames]], [[Combustion of liquid fuel droplets]], [[Instability]], [[Turbulent flames]], [[Combustion in two-phase flow systems]], [[Chemically reacting boundary-layer flows]], [[Ignition]], [[Internal combustion engine]], [[Gas turbine combustion]] (thermalfluidscentral.org)
  • Dr. Alvarado's research interests are in the areas of nanotechnology, micro-scale heat transfer, electronic cooling, phase change materials, thermal storage, bio-fuel combustion, and energy conservation and use of renewable energy in buildings. (tamu.edu)
  • Results show that the obtained turbulent velocity fields yield universal characteristics similar to previous studies. (inderscience.com)
  • This entailed calculating the temperature and velocity distributions as well as tracking the vapor/liquid interface of each bubble within the whole domain. (gauss-centre.eu)
  • A turbulent mixing occurs as the dirty gas moves at a higher velocity at the throat point. (aager.de)
  • 2023. A high-order fluid-structure interaction framework with application to shock-wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction over an elastic panel . (hlrs.de)
  • The Wavy Liquid Film" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/34731 (accessed December 01, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Combining these observations with analog experiments and theory, we derive insights and predictions of the lifetime of the droplets and discuss how the coupling between the saturated vapor field and its heterogeneity in the turbulent cloud has substantial implications for the lifetime of the droplets within it. (aps.org)
  • The analysis further permitted the evaluation of the effect of various parameters such as surrounding temperature, Reynolds number, far-field vapor presence, impurity content and agglomeration dynamics (nanosuspensions) in the droplet. (iisc.ac.in)
  • While academic literature shows steady progress in combining multi-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and population balance modelling (PBM) of emulsification processes, the computational burden of this approach is still too large for routine use in industry. (mdpi.com)
  • The first step on the way to understanding the complicated dynamics of spray is to study the behavior of isolated droplets. (iisc.ac.in)
  • The interaction between the liquid and gaseous phases results in very intricate droplet dynamics like capillary instabilities, atomization, droplet collision and coalescence and vaporization, to name a few. (iisc.ac.in)
  • In this dissertation, the focus is on shape oscillations, atomization and vaporization dynamics of pendant and sessile droplets. (iisc.ac.in)
  • Finally, the heat transfer and droplet regression dynamics of pendant droplets in a hot air stream of various chemical compositions (like conventional fuels, alternative fuels and nanosuspensions) have been experimentally analyzed using high speed imaging. (iisc.ac.in)
  • The detailed simulations and benchmarks provided data that are beyond reach of experiments, e.g. turbulent stresses very near the walls, correlations between turbulence and interface dynamics, etc. (gauss-centre.eu)
  • Turning an emulsion of oil droplets in water into one consisting of water droplets in oil drastically changes the fluid's properties. (aps.org)
  • This dramatic change in viscosity occurred as the emulsion underwent a so-called catastrophic phase inversion, where the mixture switched-within a second-from oil droplets in water to water droplets in oil. (aps.org)
  • 1D Raman/Rayleigh-scattering and CO-LIF measurements in laminar and turbulent jet flames of dimethyl ether using a hybrid data reduction strategy. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • The frequency of ligament breakup is found to decrease with fluid viscosity and this observation is adequately supported by a theory developed based on the evolution crater on the droplet surface. (iisc.ac.in)
  • Nozzle design for specific purposes, for example for high viscosity liquids, or for microscopic droplet generation. (csic.es)
  • In comparison to other liquids, emulsions often have a higher viscosity. (adinath.co.in)
  • Effect of bubble deformability in turbulent bubbly upflow in a vertical channel. (gauss-centre.eu)
  • The problem is to predict turbulent drag given a rough surface without resorting to DNS or towing-tank experiments. (bagherigroup.com)
  • A successful quantitative description and one-to-one comparison between well-controlled experiments and theory and numerics can potentially be achieved for such systems, making it possible to identify the underlying principles, and to place these examples in the context of relevant applications of multicomponent and multiphase liquid systems. (balzan.org)
  • This mixture is emitted in the form of a turbulent droplet-laden puff cloud. (aps.org)
  • The fog life cycle is driven by radiation, turbulent, thermodynamic and cloud microphysical (hereafter referred to as microphysics) processes, which interact with each other in complex manners that are not yet fully understood. (copernicus.org)
  • A turbulent zone between two fluids is known as the shear gap. (adinath.co.in)
  • Recent work involves enhanced condensation using hybrid surfaces with hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties, characterization of microencapsulated phase change material slurry and nanoparticles as heat transfer fluids, as well as the study of spray and droplet impingement cooling using nanostructured surfaces. (tamu.edu)
  • This way, data for process simulations is obtained, and a deeper understanding of nucleation, crystal growth, microstructural evolution, and other details of the transformation from liquid to solid can be gained. (nature.com)
  • The simulations included resolution of all the important phenomena including how bubbles grow, depart and move along and away from the wall, and how and where they re-condense as they move into the colder liquid in the core of the channel. (gauss-centre.eu)
  • The objective of Detlef Lohse's Balzan research project is to explore well-defined examples of systems involving droplets and bubbles. (balzan.org)
  • The fire is assumed to be a turbulent diffusion flame with its behavior dependent upon the supply of hydrocarbon fuel and the air accessing the fire. (sv-jme.eu)
  • Transitions from the liquid to the solid state of matter are omnipresent. (nature.com)
  • However, in most cases in nature and technology, liquid systems are multicomponent and multiphase, with phase transitions between the phases, and thus far from equilibrium. (balzan.org)
  • The droplet time step is determined by considering the turbulence dispersion of the droplets. (sv-jme.eu)
  • Numerical Prediction of Turbulent Spray Flame Characteristics Using the Filtered Eulerian Stochastic Field Approach Coupled to Tabulated Chemistry. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • Spray and filled scrubbers are classified as liquid phase scrubbers. (aager.de)
  • Liquid water content (LWC), fog droplet number concentration ( N d ) and effective diameter ( D eff ) show large variations among the 42 fog events observed during the campaign and for individual events. (copernicus.org)
  • The gas stream breaks up the sprayed liquid, creating droplets of 10-100 μm in diameter. (aager.de)
  • A Lagrangian formulation was selected for the liquid droplet phase, while the gas phase uses an Eulerian formulation based on the RANS equations with a two-equation turbulence model. (sv-jme.eu)
  • When these two streams meet at a T-junction, uniform, aqueous droplets are formed that are surrounded by an oil phase. (wikipedia.org)
  • To gain fundamental insights into the infectivity of air borne nuclei during such pandemic, we present a study of an isolated nano-colloidal droplet of surrogate mucosalivary fluid. (aps.org)
  • Practically, it is not possible, in general, to assure that all of the washing fluid, which entered the engine during online washing, would always be converted to the gas phase by the time the working fluid leaves the high pressure compressor, or even the combustor. (cranfield.ac.uk)
  • Linear instability analysis considering liquid and gas viscosities have been completed. (csic.es)
  • The shorter the interaction time, the higher are the chances of the droplet oscillation being pushed into resonance. (iisc.ac.in)
  • The droplets/gas phase interaction is described through source terms in the gas-phase equations.The time-dependent equations governing the gas phase are solved in primitive variable form by using a segregated technique. (sv-jme.eu)
  • In order to efficiently absorb contaminants such as HCL, SO2 and NH3, a large surface area of contact is required to achieve interaction between the liquid and gaseous phases. (lioneteam.com)
  • This series of blog posts mainly focuses on gas-liquid and liquid-liquid mixtures, although it also briefly discusses solid-gas and solid-liquid mixtures. (comsol.com)
  • A mechanical tool called a high shear mixer uses high shear forces to stir a liquid. (adinath.co.in)
  • Liquids are accelerated tangentially through the rotor/stator assembly in high shear mixers. (adinath.co.in)
  • Tomographic determination of droplet/particle size distribution applying laser diffractometry. (csic.es)
  • A droplet residing on a substrate which vibrates vertically at ultrasonic frequency will exhibit different modes of shape oscillation. (iisc.ac.in)
  • During the development phase of fog with two droplet size modes, a mass transfer occurred from the smaller droplets into the larger ones through collision-coalescence or Ostwald ripening processes. (copernicus.org)
  • This work illustrates the need to accurately estimate the supersaturation for simulating the continuous activation of aerosols into droplets during the fog life cycle and to include advanced parameterizations of relevant microphysical processes such as collision-coalescence and Ostwald ripening processes, among others, in numerical models. (copernicus.org)
  • The numerical models need to be capable of dealing with thermal-hydraulics phenomena acting at several levels: from system-level and component-level scales down to the length scales of the bubble layer adjacent to the hot fuel-rod, and further down to the entrained droplets from ligaments and sheets forming at wall liquid films. (gauss-centre.eu)
  • Presentation of basic principles for analysis of transport phenomena in multi-phase systems and how they can be applied to a wide variety of applications. (uconn.edu)
  • When vertical development of radiation fog occurred under the influence of increasing wind speed and subsequent turbulent motion, additional condensational growth of fog droplets was observed. (copernicus.org)
  • This timescale in essence encapsulates the different parameters that influence the droplet vaporization rate. (iisc.ac.in)
  • More precisely, this investigation tries to quantify the effect of injected droplet parameters on generic multistage axial compressor. (cranfield.ac.uk)
  • One of the parameters affecting the removal efficiency in gas scrubbers is the pH value of the solution used as a scrubber liquid. (aager.de)
  • for example, the shape of the gas-liquid interface between a gas bubble and a liquid. (comsol.com)
  • We found that they have huge impact on the performance of liquid-infused surfaces. (bagherigroup.com)
  • In most of such applications, a non-Newtonian complex liquid constitutes the continuous phase. (inderscience.com)
  • To gain insights into the physical processes driving the microphysical properties, intensive field campaigns were conducted during the winters of 2010-2013 at the Instrumented Site for Atmospheric Remote Sensing Research (SIRTA) in a semi-urban environment southwest of Paris city center to monitor the simultaneous variations in droplet microphysical properties and their potential interactions at the different evolutionary stages of the fog events. (copernicus.org)
  • By lading the droplet with nanoparticles, the spreading rate can be easily controlled. (iisc.ac.in)
  • The average liquid film thickness has been well documented in previous research and new understandings of the mechanism have been reported in the recent two decades due to the advanced experimental methods and techniques. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The animation below shows the results from a model in which an emulsion is produced in a T-shaped microchannel, where the problem is solved with the phase field method. (comsol.com)
  • Measurements of thermophysical properties on ground are often difficult, or even impossible, since liquids are strongly influenced by earth's gravity. (nature.com)
  • During the formation and development phases, activation of aerosols into fog droplets and condensational growth were the dominant processes. (copernicus.org)
  • Turning now to the pendant droplets, by decomposing the droplet shape into Legendre modes, the shape oscillations exhibited by a droplet hanging from the junction of cross-wire placed at the center of an air jet is studied. (iisc.ac.in)
  • Classical hydrodynamics focuses on pure liquids in a single phase. (balzan.org)
  • Classical hydrodynamics focuses on pure liquids. (balzan.org)
  • These developments are more than timely, as the relevance of physiochemical hydrodynamics of multicomponent and multiphase liquids has become increasingly important in facing challenges to mankind in the twenty-first century. (balzan.org)
  • The results obtained during this first phase of the project laid the foundation for a more general study that will be carry out in the upcoming year by ASCOMP AG. (gauss-centre.eu)
  • The liquids can be binary, ternary, or they may contain even more components, with several in different phases. (balzan.org)