Tumors erbb 2 pathways receptor erbb 2. Medical search. Frequent questions

Recently, we isolated a novel negative regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), termed EGFR-related protein (ERRP), whose expression attenuates EGFR activation. (aacrjournals.org)
In the current study, we examined the effects of recombinant ERRP on the growth and ligand-induced activation of multiple members of erbB family in three pancreatic cancer cell lines that express varying levels of EGFR and other member(s) of its family, specifically HER-2. (aacrjournals.org)
ERRP also inhibited ligand-induced activation of EGFR, HER-2, and HER-3 (ErbB3). (aacrjournals.org)
In contrast, Erbitux and Herceptin only partially or modestly inhibited activation of EGFR, HER-2, and HER-3. (aacrjournals.org)
The ErbB family of proteins contains four receptor tyrosine kinases, structurally related to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), its first discovered member. (wikipedia.org)
The ErbB protein family consists of 4 members ErbB-1, also named epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ErbB-2, also named HER2 in humans and neu in rodents ErbB-3, also named HER3 ErbB-4, also named HER4 v-ErbBs are homologous to EGFR, but lack sequences within the ligand binding ectodomain. (wikipedia.org)
c- erb B-2 (HER-2/ neu ) is a 185 kDa receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the epidermal growth factor receptor family, which also includes EGFR (HER-1), c- erb B-3 (HER-3), and c- erb B-4 (HER-4). (ihcworld.com)
This family, which includes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), plays a pivotal role in normal cell growth, lineage determination, repair, and functional differentiation. (medscape.com)
Targeted molecular therapy against EGFR has shown promise as an adjuvant therapy in preliminary studies in several solid tumors, including head and neck cancer. (medscape.com)
The ErbB-2 proto-oncogene, also called Neu, EGFR-2 or HER-2, is a member of the transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase family, which also includes EGF receptor and EGFR-3 (HER-3 or ErbB-3). (activemotif.com)
It has been proposed that oncogenes (EGFR (ERBB), MET) and tumor suppressors (PTEN, TP53) may also be capable of altering the vesicular release of tissue factor (TF) from cells [4-6]. (biomedres.us)
EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor, HER1, ErbB1) is encoded by the EGFR gene located on chromosome 7 in humans. (thermofisher.com)
EGFR belongs to the HER/ERbB family of proteins that includes three other receptor tyrosine kinases, ERbB2, ERbB3, ERbB4. (thermofisher.com)
EGFR is a transmembrane receptor and binding of its cognate ligands such as EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor) and TGF alpha (Transforming Growth Factor alpha) to the extracellular domain leads to EGFR dimerization followed by autophosphorylation of the tyrosine residues in the cytoplasmic domain. (thermofisher.com)
Phosphorylation of EGFR at certain residues is also mediated by Src-non-receptor kinase. (thermofisher.com)
EGFR activation signals multiple downstream signaling cascades such as the Ras - ERK, PI3-K - Akt, Jak - STAT and PKC pathways that help in growth and proliferation of cells. (thermofisher.com)
Phosphorylation of EGFR at Y1086 specifically allows binding of the adaptor protein GRB2, leading to activation of the MAPK pathway. (thermofisher.com)
Upon receptor activation and signaling, EGFR is endocytosed and targeted for degradation or recycling. (thermofisher.com)
Increased production or activation of EGFR has been associated with poor prognosis in a variety of tumors. (thermofisher.com)
Interestingly reduces tumourigenesis in vivo4 5 These findings have spurred interest in supplementing clinical TH287 Erb1 (also known as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)) inhibition with synergistic targeting of ADAM171. (bioskinrevive.com)
We demonstrate that TH287 PACS-2 controls ADAM17 cell-surface availability shedding of ErbB ligands and EGFR activity in vivo. (bioskinrevive.com)
Sinalização aumentada através do receptor do fator de crescimento epitelial (EGFR), sistema de quinases proteicas ativadas por mitógenos (MAPK) e via da fosfatidilinositol 3-quinase (PI3K) assim como estimulação do complexo de início de tradução (CIT) foram caracterizados em linhagens celulares e amostras tumorais de CCR. (usp.br)
Signaling intensification through epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and overactivation of the translation initiation complex (TIC) has been previously characterized in RCC cell lines and tumor samples. (usp.br)
The transcription factor FOSL1 (also known as Fra-1), which is found in basal-like breast cancers but not in the luminal subtype, stimulated the transcription of miR-221/222, and the abundance of these miRNAs decreased with inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or MEK (mitogen-activated or extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase kinase), placing miR-221/222 downstream of the RAS pathway. (nih.gov)
Deregulation in signaling along the EgfR-MAPK pathway is common in breast cancer, though the manner in which deregulation occurs varies between both individuals and cancer subtypes. (biomedcentral.com)
We were interested in identifying subnetworks within the EgfR-MAPK pathway that are similarly deregulated across subsets of breast cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
To that end, we mapped genomic, transcriptional and proteomic profiles for 30 breast cancer cell lines onto a curated Pathway Logic symbolic systems model of EgfR-MAPK signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
Activation of MAPK is initiated by one of the four ErbB receptors (ErbB1/epidermal growth factor receptor (EgfR), ErbB2-4), which leads to signaling through Raf (RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase), Mek (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2) and Erk. (biomedcentral.com)
HER2 is a member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER/EGFR/ERBB) family. (iiab.me)
ErbB-2 was named for its similarity to ErbB (avian erythroblastosis oncogene B), the oncogene later found to code for EGFR. (iiab.me)
The ErbB/HER family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) consists of four family members: the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1), HER2 (ErbB2/Neu), HER3 (ErbB3), and HER4 (ErbB4). (plos.org)
This approach has made significant headway in a number of cancers, such as breast and lung carcinoma, where alterations in the EGFR/ERBB pathways proved to be the main drivers that could be targeted with specific small molecules [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, MCT-1 overexpression induces EMT signaling cascade via activation of EGFR and Src pathway by which promote tumor progression and metastasis. (nhri.org.tw)
HER-2 (ErbB2) is a 185-kDa transmembrane tyrosine kinase with extensive homology to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). (touchoncology.com)
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase (TK) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NSCLC. (bmj.com)
Tumour-associated activating mutations in EGFR can identify patients with NSCLC who are likely to have a good response to TKIs. (bmj.com)
A number of techniques have been employed for genotypic assessment of tumour-associated DNA to identify EGFR mutations, each of which has advantages and disadvantages. (bmj.com)
Alterations in receptor tyrosine kinases (TKs), such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, include overexpression, amplification or mutations. (bmj.com)
Akbari MR, Malekzadeh R, Nasrollahzadeh D, activates EGFR pathway signaling in the lung. (who.int)

Inhibited HER2 activities include downstream signal transduction events and cell cycle regulatory pathways, such as the cell division cycle, ultimately resulting in decreased cell proliferation. (her2support.org)
HER2 positive breast cancer is identified by the overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) protein in tumor tissue and results in an increased rate of cell proliferation. (her2support.org)
Amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ( HER2 ) gene and overexpression of the HER2 protein is found in 15%-20% of patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer. (wjgnet.com)
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ERBB-2 (HER2 - human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) is considered as a marker of aggressiveness in the case of breast cancer in primary tumours as well as in corresponding metastases. (biomedres.us)
With the addition of trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), improvements in overall survival have been observed among patients with advanced HER2-positive disease. (carcinogenesis.com)
We also review the data the efficacy and safety of anthracycline-based and nonanthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy regimens combined with trastuzumab, and optimum chemotherapy regimens in small HER2-positive tumors. (carcinogenesis.com)
One type of breast cancer is identified by the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene amplification. (carcinogenesis.com)
HER2 is a member of the cErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, and is responsible for HER2-mediated signal transduction in the cytoplasm. (carcinogenesis.com)
Breast cancer tumors that do not express hormone receptors or have amplification of Her2/Neu (so called triple-negative tumors) have a poor prognosis and no validated molecular targets. (cancer.gov)
Activating point mutations in ErbB/Her2 receptor tyrosine kinases have an infamous role in promoting oncogenesis across several different cancers, including breast and lung. (cancer.gov)
The objective of this study was to determine the conversion rate of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) between primary tumors and metastatic lesions in advanced breast cancer. (springer.com)
There was substantial agreement regarding the expression of HER2 in primary tumors and metastases, and ER at metastases, between local and central laboratories. (springer.com)
The status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the hormone receptors (HR), including estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), are the most relevant biomarkers for clinical practice, predicting response to anti-HER2 and endocrine therapies, respectively. (springer.com)
Recently, the 12th St Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference Expert Panel recommends that the subtype classification of breast cancer, namely 'HR positive' (including 'luminal A' and 'luminal B' tumors), 'HER2 amplified' and 'triple negative,' should guide the treatment plan for breast cancer patients. (springer.com)
Being aware of the benefits that the correct systemic therapy provides to patients with advanced breast cancer, the Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group (GEICAM) performed a prospective, observational study to determine the conversion rate of receptor status (ER, PR and HER2) between the primary tumor and the recurrent lesion. (springer.com)
It is also frequently called HER2 (from human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ) or HER2/neu . (iiab.me)
HER2 is so named because it has a similar structure to human epidermal growth factor receptor, or HER1. (iiab.me)
Molecular cloning of the gene showed that HER2, Neu, and ErbB-2 are all encoded by the same orthologs. (iiab.me)
[10] [11] HER2 can heterodimerise with any of the other three receptors and is considered to be the preferred dimerisation partner of the other ErbB receptors. (iiab.me)
The HER2 receptor does not bind to any known ligands, however, its dimerization arm is innately positioned in an open conformation. (plos.org)
HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancers are defined as those that have an excess number of HER2 genes or over-produce the protein product of the HER2 gene, the HER2 cell surface receptor. (cancer.gov)
HER2 is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor ( ErbB ) family of genes, which encode proteins that are cell surface-bound tyrosine kinase proteins. (cancer.gov)
These tumors tend to grow faster and are generally more likely to recur than tumors that do not overproduce HER2. (cancer.gov)
The ALTTO clinical trial was unique in that, for all of patients, there was central pathology review of the primary tumor, including re-evaluation of the cancer's estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 status, before patients were randomly assigned to one of the trial's four treatment groups. (cancer.gov)
About 15 percent to 20 percent of breast cancers are HER2-positive and about half of the HER-2 positive cancers also express ER and/or PR. (cancer.gov)

The intracellular/cytoplasmic region of the ErbB receptor consists mainly of three subdomains: A juxtamembrane with approximately 40 residues, a kinase domain containing approximately 260 residues and a C-terminal domain of 220-350 amino acid residues that become activated via phosphorylation of its tyrosine residues that mediates interactions of other ErbB proteins and downstream signaling molecules. (wikipedia.org)
The figure below shows the tridimensional structure of the ErbB family proteins, using the pdb files 1NQL (ErbB-1), 1S78 (ErbB-2), 1M6B (ErbB-3) and 2AHX (ErbB-4): The four members of the ErbB protein family are capable of forming homodimers, heterodimers, and possibly higher-order oligomers upon activation by a subset of potential growth factor ligands. (wikipedia.org)
Notably, the ErbB1 and ErbB4 are the two most studied and intact among the family of ErbB proteins, Which forms functional intracellular tyrosine kinases. (wikipedia.org)
The effect of over expression on the synthesis and activities of selected blood coagulation proteins was determined as well as relevant signaling pathways. (biomedres.us)
Such effects were found to be mediated by PI3k/ Akt signaling pathways since the increased these ERBB2 sensitive coagulation proteins in a way that was commensurate with the activity of p-ERK and p-Akt. (biomedres.us)
In addition to plexins, various other proteins have been implicated either as receptors for semaphorins or as components of the semaphorin receptor complex ( Pasterkamp and Kolodkin, 2003 ). (rupress.org)
1) We study Cbl proteins, a family of ubiquitin ligases that negatively regulate signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases. (cancer.gov)
The Bcl-2 family consists of a number of evolutionarily-conserved proteins that share Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains. (cancer-research-network.com)
A comprehensive "proteogenomic" analysis of the proteins, genes, and RNA transcription involved in pediatric brain tumors has yielded a more complete understanding of these tumors, which are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. (cancer.gov)
Protein glycosylation, the enzymatic process that attaches glycans or sugar molecules to proteins, plays a crucial role in cancer development processes, such as cell-cell adhesion, cell growth, ligand-receptor binding, and tumor metastasis. (cancer.gov)
Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
Its effect on the function of other proteins in the ErbB family of proteins that may also fuel cancer cell growth is being studied. (cancer.gov)

ErbB is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine protein kinase, ErbB receptor family. (cancer-research-network.com)
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 , also known as CD340 (cluster of differentiation 340), proto-oncogene Neu , Erbb2 (rodent), or ERBB2 (human), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ERBB2 gene. (iiab.me)

The epidermal growth factor receptor (ERBB1) and related family member HER-2/ neu (ERBB2) are often overexpressed in aggressive breast cancers and their overexpression is correlated with poor prognosis. (aacrjournals.org)
Using in vivo mouse models of breast cancer, we test the effects of ERBB1 and ERBB2 inhibitors AC480 and lapatinib, ERBB1 inhibitor gefitinib, and ERBB2 inhibitor AG825 on in vivo tumor cell invasive properties in mammary fat pad tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
ERBB1 and ERBB2 inhibition rapidly (within 3 h) inhibits both tumor cell motility and intravasation. (aacrjournals.org)
Using gefitinib, ERBB1 inhibition rapidly inhibits tumor cell motility and invasion but not intravasation, whereas ERBB2 inhibition by AG825 rapidly blocks intravasation. (aacrjournals.org)
ERBB1 and ERBB2 inhibition can rapidly block tumor cell invasive properties. (aacrjournals.org)
In addition, we differentiate for the first time the contributions of ERBB1 and ERBB2 to the key metastatic properties of in vivo tumor cell invasion and intravasation. (aacrjournals.org)
Novel therapeutic agents, in particular those that specifically target members of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER (ErbB1)) pathway, have shown encouraging therapeutic efficacy. (bmj.com)

Although, ErbB-2 does not have any known high-affinity ligands, its kinase activity can be activated without ligand by either overexpression or heteroassociation with other members of the ErbB family. (activemotif.com)
As ErbB-family ligands and receptors are highly expressed within the stem-cell niche 7 , we hypothesize that strong endogenous regulators must control the pathway in the stem-cell compartment. (nature.com)
The metalloproteinase ADAM17 activates ErbB signalling by releasing ligands from the cell surface a key step underlying epithelial development growth and tumour progression. (bioskinrevive.com)
Despite significant promiscuity between other Eph family members and the ephrin ligands, the single physiologically-relevant ligand of the EphB4 receptor is ephrin-B2 [ 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Classically, HER family members function from the cell surface, where binding to cognate ligands can induce receptor homo- or hetero-dimerization with other HER family receptors [3] . (plos.org)
The final cleavage is performed by -secretase, whose substrates include all four Notch receptors and their ligands as well as -amyloid precursor protein, E-cadherin, CD44, ErbB-4, and ephrin-B1 [2-8]. (scienceexhibitions.org)

The HER (erbB) family of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases is one of the cytostatic targets in tumor cell growth and survival. (medscape.com)

Some of the new approaches depend on tumor biology and aim specifically to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by targeting the tumor microenvironment or vasculature (leaving normal cells unaffected) or focusing on specific protein or signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)
In particular, the overexpression of ERBB2 enhances the properties of tumour cells associated with increased cancer metastasis (invasiveness, angiogenicity, enhanced survival). (biomedres.us)
In a recent publication in the journal Clinical Chemistry, CPTAC investigators from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center described a robust technique for evaluating biomarker expression of key receptors in patients with breast cancer bone metastasis using non-decalcified bone biopsies in immuno. (cancer.gov)
Given the accelerated biology of canine osteosarcoma, we hypothesized that a direct comparison of canine and pediatric osteosarcoma expression profiles may help identify novel metastasis-associated tumor targets that have been missed through the study of the human cancer alone. (biomedcentral.com)
This may be because for many years, it has been assumed that the biomarker status of the primary tumor and its corresponding metastasis was not different. (springer.com)
Hypoxia is the most common characteristic in the microenvironment of solid tumors because tumor progression and metastasis depend on the ability of cancer cells to initiate angiogenesis and ensure the delivery of oxygen and nutrients ( 11 , 12 ). (jcancer.org)
Dr. Hsu's research interest is to investigating the oncogenic mechanisms that induce DNA damage, chromosomal instability, mitotic catastrophe, neoplastic multinucleation, tumor progression, metastasis and microenvironment. (nhri.org.tw)
Dr. Hsu's current works focus on the fundamental mechanism of MCT-1 oncogene in promoting of tumor metastasis and malignant microenvironment. (nhri.org.tw)
Her laboratory has identified the oncogenic kinase pathways involving the microRNA biogenesis, EMT signaling activation and tumor progression/metastasis. (nhri.org.tw)
2 There is only limited knowledge of the factors that predict for the development of CNS metastasis, but the main ones reported include young age, African ethnicity, oestrogen receptor (OR)-negativity, HER 2 -positivity, high tumour grade and BRCA 1 phenotype. (touchoncology.com)

Tumor-specific apoptosis caused by deletion of the ERBB3 pseudo-kinase in mouse intestinal epithelium. (nature.com)
2) We investigate induction of apoptosis in breast cancer cells by TRAIL receptor agonists. (cancer.gov)
In a second project we are investigating the induction of apoptosis by activation of death receptors for the ligand TRAIL in breast and ovarian cancer cells. (cancer.gov)
We have shown that most breast and ovarian cancer cell lines are resistant to the induction of apoptosis by TRAIL, the ligand for the death receptors DR4 and DR5. (cancer.gov)
We have demonstrated that resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis can be overcome by co-incubation of the cells with chemotherapeutic agents, semi-synthetic retinoids (such as 4HPR), or molecularly targeted agents (such as anti-ErbB-2 antibodies). (cancer.gov)
Involvement of C/EBPβ-related signaling pathway in methamphetamine-induced neuronal autophagy and apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
In summary, signaling through the ErbB family of receptors promotes cell proliferation and opposes apoptosis, and therefore must be tightly regulated to prevent uncontrolled cell growth from occurring. (iiab.me)
Alterations in gene sequence or expression can occur in the cell-signalling and regulatory pathways involved in cell-cycle control, apoptosis, proteosome regulation and angiogenesis. (bmj.com)

This task can be accomplished by replacing tumor suppressor genes that have been lost or mutated, selectively inserting genes that produce cytotoxic substances, or modifying the immune system to destroy the tumor cells. (medscape.com)
Results Genome-wide screen identifies PACS-2 as an ADAM17 regulator To identify genes that regulate ADAM17-mediated shedding we screened a whole-genome human siRNA library (see Supplementary Information for an extensive description of the screen). (bioskinrevive.com)
Of the 31 genes, the 21 upregulated genes were primarily associated with cell paracrine and intracellular signaling, transcription regulation and cell adhesion and migration, and their transcriptional products included transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and transcriptional factor AP-2α/γ ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
We also observed somatic mutations in multiple therapeutically relevant genes, which may represent candidate drug targets in this highly lethal tumor type. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, these alterations affect 3 principal categories of genes, as follows: proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. (medscape.com)
This article briefly discusses tumor suppressor genes and then focuses on the role of proto-oncogenes in childhood cancer. (medscape.com)
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products normally provide negative control of cell proliferation, contributes to malignant transformation in various cell types. (medscape.com)
Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
Although carcinogenic roles for the INK4B, INK4C, INK4D, CIP1, KIP1, and KIP2 genes appear to be limited, INK4A is among the most commonly mutated genes in human tumors. (medscape.com)
Ligand-induced Notch receptor activation requires at least two cleavages that release the intracellular domain from the cytomembrane and allow it to translocate into the nucleus where it activates its target genes [1]. (scienceexhibitions.org)
Total RNA from tumors the expression of thousands of genes (3) to address complex questions was isolated using two successive rounds of Trizol. (lu.se)

Amplification of the HER-2 gene with overexpression of the protein occurs in 20-30% of breast cancers, and tumor progression in mammary cancer is associated with elevated levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated neu and erbB-3. (ihcworld.com)
Amplification of the ErbB-2 gene and overexpression of its product has been detected in almost 40% of primary human breast tumors, which correlates with poor prognosis in node positive breast cancer. (activemotif.com)
ErbB-2 overexpression is also observed in ovarian, gastric, salivary and non-small cell lung carcinomas. (activemotif.com)
This family of RTKs has been highly implicated in the formation and progression of various cancers via aberrant overexpression, kinase activation, and mutation [1] , [2] . (plos.org)
While it has been recognised for some time that overexpression of HER-2 is a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer, it was the advent of trastuzumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of HER-2, that has allowed clinicians to better understand the natural history of HER-2-positive metastatic breast cancer. (touchoncology.com)

Growth element receptors activate the MAPK, JAK STAT, and, by means of PI3K AKT, the MTOR signaling pathways. (dubinhibitors.com)
The finding is the first time shown pro-tumour gene ERBB2 enable to modulate coagulation protein expression and clotting kinetics in breast cancer cells, it is via the PI3k/Akt pathways, which further supports the proposal that the state of the coagulation system in cancer is directly influenced by oncogenic transformation. (biomedres.us)
Heterodimer activation of the ErbB2/ErbB3 oncogenic unit induces cancer cell proliferation via PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. (cancer.gov)
Membrane-bound HER receptors activate numerous tumor promoting signaling cascades via this mechanism, including the PI3K/AKT, Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk, PLCγ/PKC, and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways [1] , [2] . (plos.org)

The epidermal growth factor receptor family (ERBB) is overexpressed in a wide variety of tumor types and is correlated with poor prognosis. (aacrjournals.org)

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one major type of component identified in the tumor microenvironment. (spandidos-publications.com)

My results show that ErbB4 is expressed in BV-2, EOC-20 and RAW 264.7 cell lines while ErbB2-4 receptors are expressed in primary microglia. (uwaterloo.ca)
ErbB2 belongs to the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which has been implicated in a variety of human cancers , including cancers of the breast. (her2support.org)
The enhancement in metastatic properties was also found to occur via activation of ERBB2 receptor signaling pathways [2]. (biomedres.us)

The gene symbol, ErbB, is derived from the name of a viral oncogene to which these receptors are homologous: erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene. (wikipedia.org)
Her-2/neu is an oncogene, which is a type of gene that can contribute to certain types of cancer. (medic8.com)
ERBB is abbreviated from erythroblastic oncogene B, a gene isolated from avian genome. (iiab.me)
The amplification of the HER-2 oncogene occurs in ~25% of breast cancer patients and is associated with diminished disease-free and overall survival. (touchoncology.com)

Activation of the tyrosine kinase domain leads to the activation of the whole range of downstream signaling pathways like PLCγ, ERK 1/2, p38 MAPK, PI3-K/Akt and more with the cell. (wikipedia.org)
The MAPK pathway activates JUN, FOS and MYC, plus the JAK STAT pathway activates VEGF and each encourage proliferation and angiogenesis. (dubinhibitors.com)
While in the MAPK pathway, HRAS was decreased and JUN and MYC have been greater. (dubinhibitors.com)
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/Erk pathway plays a central role in cell communication: it orchestrates signaling from external receptors to internal transcriptional machinery, which leads to changes in phenotype [ 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Patients with suspected diagnosis of locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer, either at first relapse or after successive disease progressions, who had an appropriately preserved sample from a primary tumor and were scheduled for a biopsy of the recurrent lesion, were included. (springer.com)
Sema4D is regulated by HIF-1 and plays a role in tumor-associated macrophage-induced metastatic behavior and is clinically significant in colon cancer ( 9 ). (jcancer.org)
The use of trastuzumab when given with chemotherapy improves response rates and progression-free and overall survival of patients with HER-2-positive metastatic breast cancer. (touchoncology.com)
It soon became clear that patients with HER-2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer were at high risk of developing CNS involvement. (touchoncology.com)

It is a complex process due to the domain specificity and nature of the members of ErbB family. (wikipedia.org)

Various techniques have been developed for targeting cancer cells: gene therapy, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), antibody toxin conjugates, small-molecule inhibitors, antisense molecules, and tumor vaccines. (medscape.com)
Normal cells have two copies of the Her-2/neu gene and low levels of Her-2 protein are produced on the surface of the cells. (medic8.com)
tumours that are associated with the Her-2/neu gene tend to be more aggressive and the outlook is generally not as positive. (medic8.com)
if the test for the gene is positive as well, this indicates that the patient is likely to have an aggressive tumour. (medic8.com)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
The prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 gene (PTGS2), which encodes cyclooxygenase-2, was found to upregulate the expression of TGF-β2 ( 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Using mRNA microarray gene expression analysis of 15 ACP patient samples, we have found several pharmaceutical targets that are significantly and consistently overexpressed in our panel of ACP relative to other pediatric brain tumors, pituitary tumors, normal pituitary and normal brain tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
Experimental drugs targeting each of these gene products are currently being tested clinically and pre-clinically for the treatment of other tumor types. (biomedcentral.com)
As a proangiogenic response effecter, the interaction of Sema4D with plexin-B1 is dependent on the COOH-terminal PDZ-binding motif of plexin-B1, which binds two guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho and is mediated by the activation of Rho-initiated (Ras homolog gene family) pathways ( 4 - 8 ). (jcancer.org)
[ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)

Most importantly, ERRP was found to inhibit pancreatic tumor growth in a severe combined immunodeficient mouse xenograft model. (aacrjournals.org)
There are 11 growth factors that activate ErbB receptors. (wikipedia.org)
The ability ('+') or inability ('-') of each growth factor to activate each of the ErbB receptors is shown in the table below: The dimerization occurs after ligand bind to the extracellular domain of the ErbB monomers and monomer-monomer interaction establishes activating the activation loop in a kinase domain, that activates the further process of transphosphorylation of the specific tyrosine kinases in the kinase domain of ErbB's intracellular part. (wikipedia.org)
Importance of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in establishment of adenomas and maintenance of carcinomas during intestinal tumorigenesis. (nature.com)
LRIG1 restricts growth factor signaling by enhancing receptor ubiquitylation and degradation. (nature.com)
A dominant-negative form of ErbB-2 blocks Sema4D-induced RhoA activation as well as axonal growth cone collapse in primary hippocampal neurons. (rupress.org)
Our data indicate that ErbB-2 is an important component of the plexin-B receptor system and that ErbB-2-mediated phosphorylation of plexin-B1 is critically involved in Sema4D-induced RhoA activation, which underlies cellular phenomena downstream of plexin-B1, including axonal growth cone collapse. (rupress.org)
MA5-14485 targets Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in IHC (P) applications and shows reactivity with Human samples. (thermofisher.com)
My laboratory studies signal transduction pathways that regulate growth and programmed cell death in epithelial cancer cells, with a focus on breast and ovarian cancer. (cancer.gov)
Solid tumors are dependent for growth on nutrients and oxygen they receive via angiogenesis, the process wherein new capillaries are formed from existing blood vessels. (cancer-research-network.com)
Progress regarding our understanding of the biological drivers of ACP growth has been slowed by the relative rarity of the tumor and the recalcitrance of ACP cells to laboratory growth. (biomedcentral.com)
Phosphorylated tyrosine residues recruit various intracellular adaptor and effector molecules that result in the propagation of growth promoting signal transduction cascades [1] , [2] . (plos.org)
This Part 2 post is concerned with anti-cancer drug and other interventions that simultaneously address multiple growth pathways. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)
The Part 1 post was concerned principally with interventions that address the mTOR pathway, a growth pathway also of great interest from the viewpoint of longevity. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)
Furthermore, studies have shown HIF-mediated Sema4D induction in the generation of the pro-angiogenic phenotype in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and have determined its biological significance for tumor growth and vascularity ( 10 ). (jcancer.org)
Recently, several novel agents targeting growth factor receptors, angiogenic pathways, adhesion molecules and mediators of intracellular signal transduction have been clinically explored. (docksci.com)
Clinical studies using ERBB inhibitors have focused on tumor growth effects, but ERBBs can contribute to malignancy independent of their effects on tumor growth. (aacrjournals.org)
These results indicate that ERBB inhibition should be considered for blocking other tumor cell malignant properties besides growth. (aacrjournals.org)
However, they also may have limited effectiveness in some patients whose tumor growth depends on molecules that are not exclusively targeted by the agents or whose cancer mutates to use other growth pathways. (cancer.gov)

EphB4 is a member of the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases and is an important regulator of fundamental physiological and pathophysiological processes such as tissue patterning during development, angiogenesis and tumour progression [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Inflammation can be up-regulated by microglia and macrophages through the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). (uwaterloo.ca)
Enhanced understanding of mechanisms underlying T-cell anergy such as arginine deprivation, immunosuppressive cytokines, defective innate and interferon response pathways, and NKG2D downregulation have all provided new insight into suppression of anti-tumors. (nshealth.ca)
Aberrant activation of MCT-1 in cancer cells induces generation of intracellular ROS, tumor-promoted cytokines and the miRNAs which potentially activate the differentiation of immune cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. (nhri.org.tw)

Discovering a specific agent, which targets multiple members of the erbB family, would be important in pancreatic cancer therapy. (aacrjournals.org)
Because of this, ErbB-2 is one of the major drug targets for breast cancer and other cancer treatments. (activemotif.com)
In our third project we are using functional genomic approaches and tumor genetics to identify new therapeutic targets in triple-negative breast cancer cells. (cancer.gov)
Ongoing evaluation will validate the biological significance of these targets and their associated pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
We confirm by western blot that a subset of these targets is highly expressed in ACP primary tumor samples. (biomedcentral.com)
Among the several options to block Notch signaling, inhibition ON123300 of -secretase by small molecules offers a promising approach and has been used extensively to study the downstream targets of the Notch signaling pathway [13,14]. (scienceexhibitions.org)
Several molecular alterations found in carcinoid tumors might act as molecular targets leading to development of new therapeutic options. (springeropen.com)

Our studies were designed to evaluate the effect of ERBB inhibition on tumor cell motility and intravasation in vivo using clinically relevant small-molecule inhibitors. (aacrjournals.org)

CD30hi lymphocytes also had 4 fold far more nuclear found ERBB protein and above expression and nuclear localization of ERBB one and 2 are popular in tumors. (dubinhibitors.com)
Recently, the expression of alpha seven acetylcholine receptors (α7AChR) by microglia have been shown to decrease the amount of TNF-α released. (uwaterloo.ca)
This anti-inflammatory pathway has been studied extensively where researchers are able to reduce TNF-α concentration through α7AChR expression and increases in the concentration of its ligand. (uwaterloo.ca)
Neuregulin signals through the ErbB receptors, a family of tyrosine kinase receptors, to facilitate the effects on ACh expression. (uwaterloo.ca)
EphB4 is a membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) commonly over-produced by many epithelial cancers but with low to no expression in most normal adult tissues. (oncotarget.com)
Furthermore, diverse structural alterations have been identified that cause ligand-independent firing of this receptor, doing so in the absence of receptor over-expression. (iiab.me)
In addition, these two binding sites play different roles in the regulation of Sema4D expression in HUVEC and Caco-2 cells. (jcancer.org)
BT-474 cells, obtained expression of the receptor has important implications for their biology from American Type Culture Collection, were maintained in RPMI 1640 and therapy (1). (lu.se)

Cancer Res (2006) 66 (2): 1025-1032. (aacrjournals.org)
The erbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases plays critical roles in human cancers, including pancreatic cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
With the increased understanding of molecular mechanisms and basic pathways in the pathogenesis of squamous cell cancer of the head and neck , these pathways may be modified, and rational approaches in cancer therapy at the molecular level may be created. (medscape.com)
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer are strongly associated, as the local or systemic activation of blood coagulation can be produced by tumor products and favours tumor spread. (biomedres.us)
During the thrombophilic state observed in cancer patients of different origins, the presence of circulating TF-bearing MVs in plasma has been used to explain why cancer patients may present a thromboembolic event distant from the location of tumour development [1]. (biomedres.us)
With the technological advances, we are able to characterize molecular subtypes [2] , [3] of breast cancer which has facilitated the development of molecularly targeted therapeutics. (carcinogenesis.com)
While many factors are involved in the etiology of cancer, it has been clearly established that diet significantly impacts risk of this disease [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. (mdpi.com)
We have identified anti-cancer effects of Huaier, and its unique characteristics of 1) no side effects or toxicity, 2) in dose dependent manner, 3) causing specific cancer cell death with simultaneous tissue regeneration, 4) miRNA-mediated transcriptional control on the rescue of multiple signal transduction, by dependent on individual genomic potential. (fortunejournals.com)
Recent advancement in technology enabled to cultivate those useful species in quantity, and quality-controlled distribution in the conventional granule forms has begun since 1970's, and currently Huaier is recognized widely as the patent anti-cancer drug in China (Chinese administration license No. Z-20000109) [2, 4, 5]. (fortunejournals.com)
In case you missed it, this final article (part 2 of 2) in the Investigator Spotlight Series, developed and written by Dr. Dawn Hayward, Office Clinical Cancer Proteomic Research (OCCPR) NCI Communications Fellow, highlights our up and coming Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). (cancer.gov)
EphB4 over-production promotes ligand-independent signaling pathways that increase cancer cell viability and stimulate migration and invasion. (oncotarget.com)
Several studies have shown that normal ligand-dependent signaling is tumour suppressive and therefore novel therapeutics which block the tumour promoting ligand-independent signaling and/or stimulate tumour suppressive ligand-dependent signaling will find application in the treatment of cancer. (oncotarget.com)
Addition of antibody to cancer cells resulted in phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of the EphB4 protein, suggesting a mechanism that is ligand mimetic and tumour suppressive. (oncotarget.com)
HER-2 is over-expressed in approximately 7-34% of patients with gastric cancer [20] [21] and in 30% of salivary duct carcinomas. (iiab.me)
Nuclear localized HER family receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been observed in primary tumor specimens and cancer cell lines for nearly two decades. (plos.org)
This blog entry is concerned with another "smart" approach: simultaneously targeting multiple molecular pathways in cancer cells to defeat their protective responses. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)
The antibody can be used for detecting and imaging cancer cells and tumors, and for guided delivery of an active agent to cancer cells and tumors. (creativebiolabs.net)
An important development in cancer research over the past 2 decades has been the recognition that genetic changes drive the pathogenesis of tumors of both adulthood and childhood. (medscape.com)
However, it should be noted that Notch2 signaling has been reported to function as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer cells [12]. (scienceexhibitions.org)
2 The pathogenesis of lung cancer involves the accumulation of several molecular abnormalities over time. (bmj.com)
The frequency of the type of neoplasm was higher for lung cancer, followed by malignant colon tumor. (cdc.gov)
Private Payer and Medicare Coverage Policies for Use of Circulating Tumor DNA Tests in Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment. (cdc.gov)

For the activation of kinase domain in the ErbB dimer, asymmetric kinase domain dimer of the two monomers is required with the intact asymmetric (N-C lobe) interface at the site of adjoining monomers. (wikipedia.org)
Activation of HER-2 is frequent in ductal carcinoma in situ suggesting that HER-2 signaling plays a critical role in the early stages of breast tumorigenesis. (ihcworld.com)
Our findings reveal ErbB activation as a strong inductive signal for stem-cell proliferation. (nature.com)
Figure 5: Lrig1 controls ErbB activation in vivo . (nature.com)
The occurrence of thrombosis is often the first indicator of an underlying malignancy and patient data also demonstrates a close association between tumour progression and the development of a procoagulant profile, supporting the hypothesis that the activation of the blood coagulation system contributes to tumour aggressiveness and vice versa [1]. (biomedres.us)
This process leads to the activation of each receptors' tyrosine kinase and the subsequent phosphorylation of tyrosine residues located on their C-terminal tails. (plos.org)

[ 3 ] In an attempt to improve outcomes in HNSCC, most research in the field is now focusing on the molecular biology of HNSCC in an attempt to target select pathways involved in carcinogenesis. (medscape.com)
Although the mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood, the blood coagulation system is now known to have an influence on a wide range of differing aspects of tumor cell biology that are associated with clotting factor dependent signaling within the tumor cell. (biomedres.us)
Better understanding of tumor cell biology may lead to development of more efficient targeted therapies. (usp.br)
Microarrays were prepared in tumor biology. (lu.se)

Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) belongs to the semaphorin family, which binds to receptors such as Pleixn-B1 (transmembrane structure receptor), CD72 (cluster of differentiation antigen 72, mainly expresses on lymphocyte cells), then activates downstream signaling molecules. (jcancer.org)

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) include all tumors derived from the diffuse endocrine system. (springeropen.com)

Both the receptor and the ligand are membrane-bound but usually expressed on neighbouring cells. (oncotarget.com)

ErbB-1 and ErbB-2 are found in many human cancers, and their excessive signaling may be critical factors in the development and malignancy of these tumors. (wikipedia.org)
Reasons for these discrepancies may include the possibility that the molecular profile of breast cancers evolves over time and that biomarkers are heterogeneously expressed within the tumor [ 4 ] and technical inconsistencies in both tissue processing and sample evaluation. (springer.com)
As the understanding of how key molecular pathways work in cancers has increased, so have more-sophisticated therapies been introduced, often used conjunction with the traditional slash, burn and poison approaches. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)

Oncologists altered their treatment plans in 31 % of patients whose tumor subtype had changed. (springer.com)

Neratinib permanently inactivates the ErbB kinases. (her2support.org)
The leucine-rich repeat protein LRIG1 is a negative regulator of ErbB family receptor tyrosine kinases. (nature.com)
The ErbB family consists of four plasma membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinases. (iiab.me)

lacks kinase domain), and erbB-4. (iiab.me)

Each FACE ErbB-2 Kit provides 96 rxns each of 2 antibodies that enable you to monitor and compare the levels of both phosphorylated and total ErbB-2. (activemotif.com)

This kinase, as well as CDK4, has been shown to phosphorylate, and thus regulate the activity of, tumor suppressor protein Rb. (cancerindex.org)

The results revealed significant differences in the behavior and coordination of RNA editing events, biomolecules, and multiple signaling pathways which beyond any speculations from the findings in the process of carcinogenesis. (fortunejournals.com)
Dimerisation results in the autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues within the cytoplasmic domain of the receptors and initiates a variety of signaling pathways. (iiab.me)
median, 1.5), signaling pathways are far from fully understood. (lu.se)

ErbB protein family signaling is important for development. (wikipedia.org)
All four ErbB receptor family members are nearly same in the structure having single-chain of modular glycoproteins. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we show that plexin-B family members stably associate with the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB-2. (rupress.org)
Brand TM, Iida M, Luthar N, Wleklinski MJ, Starr MM, Wheeler DL (2013) Mapping C-Terminal Transactivation Domains of the Nuclear HER Family Receptor Tyrosine Kinase HER3. (plos.org)
While the classical membrane-bound functions of HER family RTKs have been extensively studied, accumulating data suggest that these receptors can be found in the cell's nucleus where they can function as co-transcriptional activators [4] , [5] . (plos.org)
Introduction Notch is a family of single-pass type I transmembrane protein receptors that, in mammals, includes four homologs, Notch1 to 4 [1]. (scienceexhibitions.org)

Tyr is the phosphorylation site that is most tightly linked to oncogenic transformation and coupling to the ras/MAP kinase signaling pathway. (ihcworld.com)
The total-ErbB-2 antibody supplied in the FACE ErbB-2 Kits recognizes ErbB-2 protein regardless of its phosphorylation site. (activemotif.com)

In particular, TCs have fewer than 2 mitoses/2 mm 2 and no necrosis, whilst ACs show 2-10 mitoses/2 mm 2 and/or foci of punctate necrosis. (springeropen.com)
They both have more than 10 mitoses/2 mm 2 and extensive necrosis. (springeropen.com)

These results showed that NRG is able to increase α7AChRs in microglia and macrophages after the phosphorylation of the ErbB4 receptors. (uwaterloo.ca)

There are considerable evidences suggested that a hypercoagulable or prothrombotic state of malignancy occurs due to the ability of tumor cells to activate the coagulation system. (biomedres.us)

While the most common mutation was in TP53 , the OTSCC genetic landscape differed from previously described cohorts of patients with head and neck tumors: OTSCCs demonstrated frequent mutations in DST and RNF213 , while alterations in CDKN2A and NOTCH1 were significantly less frequent. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy15

Organisms8

Diseases78

Chemicals and Drugs65

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment43

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care7

EGFR39

HER225

Proteins12

Tyrosine-protein kinase2

ErbB17

Ligands6

Transmembrane receptor1

Metastasis10

Apoptosis8

Genes11

Overexpression5

PI3K AKT4

Epidermal growth factor r1

Microenvironment1

ErbB23

Oncogene4

MAPK4

Metastatic4

Members of erbB family1

Gene10

Growth19

Angiogenesis1

Cytokines3

Targets8

Inhibition1

Expression8

Cancer22

Activation6

Biology4

Activates1

Neoplasms1

Ligand1

Cancers3

Patients whose tumor1

Kinases3

Kinase domain1

Antibodies1

Suppressor protein1

Signaling Pathways3

Family6

Phosphorylation site2

Necrosis2

ErbB41

Activate1

Head and neck1