Tumor suppressor pathway. Medical search. Frequent questions

The discovery of oncogenes and their ability to deregulate cellular processes related to cell proliferation and development appeared first in the literature as opposed to the idea of tumor suppressor genes. (wikipedia.org)
However, the idea of genetic mutation leading to increased tumor growth gave way to another possible genetic idea of genes playing a role in decreasing cellular growth and development of cells. (wikipedia.org)
The suppression of tumorigenicity in these hybrid cells prompted researchers to hypothesize that genes within the normal somatic cell had inhibitory actions to stop tumor growth. (wikipedia.org)
In order to verify that the loss of function of tumor suppressor genes causes increased tumorigenicity, interstitial deletion experiments on chromosome 13q14 were conducted to observe the effect of deleting the loci for the Rb gene. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes generally follow the two-hit hypothesis, which states both alleles that code for a particular protein must be affected before an effect is manifested. (wikipedia.org)
Driver events in pediatric malignancies can occur through loss of function in tumor suppressor genes or gain of function in proto-oncogenes. (medscape.com)
Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
It is well known that in a biological system genes interact with each other forming various biological pathways in order to carry out a multitude of biological processes. (hindawi.com)
To better understand the roles of these differentially expressed genes and their interactions in a complex biological system, a comprehensive pathway analysis is needed. (hindawi.com)
Since the identification of biological pathways is significantly influenced by those differentially expressed genes from different datasets or different statistical methods [ 16 , 17 ], we reason here that an integration of multiple cancer microarray datasets and identification of the most common pathways from these data would reveal key relationships between crucial genes in carcinogenesis. (hindawi.com)
Our focus on the interactions and pathways of cancer-related genes is important since changes in gene relations and key pathways are more relevant to carcinogenesis than individual genes alone. (hindawi.com)
Tumor suppressor genes code for proteins that inhibit cell division and growth, acting as a control mechanism to prevent excessive cell proliferation. (pharmiweb.com)
Tumor suppressor genes can promote cellular senescence, a state in which cells stop dividing, preventing the replication of damaged DNA. (pharmiweb.com)
Mutations in tumor suppressor genes such as LKB1, involved in AMPK activation, have been identified in certain cancers. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Recent studies have established that, similar to mutations, methylation-mediated silencing of tumor suppressor genes plays a major role in tumorigenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
These changes may also damage or destroy tumor suppressor genes, which are genes that prevent cancer. (mesothelioma.com)
LncRNAs can beclassified into tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes, depending on their function within the cellular context and the signalling pathways in which they are involved. (newswise.com)
The present study examines effects of metallic nickel particles on tumor promoter or suppressor genes and its signal transduction pathways in JB6 cells. (cdc.gov)
Breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumour suppressor genes the alleles of which have to be inactivated before tumour development occurs. (lu.se)
In addition, these alterations affect 3 principal categories of genes, as follows: proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. (medscape.com)
This article briefly discusses tumor suppressor genes and then focuses on the role of proto-oncogenes in childhood cancer. (medscape.com)
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products normally provide negative control of cell proliferation, contributes to malignant transformation in various cell types. (medscape.com)
Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
Although carcinogenic roles for the INK4B, INK4C, INK4D, CIP1, KIP1, and KIP2 genes appear to be limited, INK4A is among the most commonly mutated genes in human tumors. (medscape.com)
Genetic predisposition, which might lead to either activation of oncogenes or inhibition of tumor suppressor genes, are risk factors of colon cancer development. (lu.se)
In conclusion, these findings provide important information for better understanding of the tumor microenvironment and the tumor suppressor genes in colon cancer and might help to identify new therapeutic targets for colon cancer patients. (lu.se)
OncoKB currently contains 4472 alterations for 595 genes of 38 tumor types. (lu.se)

Their finding of loss-of-function mutations in yet another transforming growth factor (TGF)-β pathway gene reinforces the seeming paradox of observed increases in the downstream TGF-β signaling pathway. (nature.com)
A tumor suppressor gene (TSG), or anti-oncogene, is a gene that regulates a cell during cell division and replication. (wikipedia.org)
When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated, it results in a loss or reduction in its function. (wikipedia.org)
This initial hypothesis eventually lead to the discovery of the first classic tumor suppressor gene by Alfred Knudson, known as the Rb gene, which codes for the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein. (wikipedia.org)
This deletion caused increased tumor growth in retinoblastoma, suggesting that loss or inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene can increase tumorigenicity. (wikipedia.org)
RB1 encodes the protein pRB and was the first tumor suppressor gene to be molecularly defined. (medscape.com)
Mutations of p53 tumor suppressor gene increase with tumor progression in colorectal cancers. (nih.gov)
We evaluate our method using three key pathways related to cancer and demonstrate that it is capable of finding meaningful alterations in gene relations. (hindawi.com)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
A tumor suppressor gene, also known as anti-onco gene, is an essential component of the body's defense against cancer. (pharmiweb.com)
Mutation of the p53 gene is a critical event in the elaboration of many tumors of diverse origin. (mdanderson.org)
Alterations in components of the p53 pathway, such as amplification of the Mdm2 gene, which encodes a p53 inhibitor, also contribute to tumorigenesis. (mdanderson.org)
Sometimes called the 'guardian of the genome,' p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that, when neutralized, plays a critical role in the development of many types of tumors. (mdanderson.org)
Dr. Lozano is recognized as a pioneer in describing the p53 pathway, a recognized tumor suppressor gene associated with cancer. (mdanderson.org)
Lozano has been elected to the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) for her pioneering work in describing the p53 pathway, a recognized tumor suppressor gene associated with cancer. (mdanderson.org)
The tumor-suppressor gene PTEN negatively regulates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway ( 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Mice lacking the gene for Dmp1 commonly develop lung tumors, and Dmp1 has been identified as a regulator of the Arf-p53 pathway in vitro. (eurekalert.org)
We have demonstrated that the hDMP1 gene is hemizygously deleted in a significant percentage of mouse and human non-small-cell lung carcinomas, especially those which retained the intact Arf-p53 pathway," explains Dr. Inoue. (eurekalert.org)
[ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
I found that the tumor suppressor gene 15-PGDH is down-regulated in colon cancer patients as well as in colon cancer cell lines. (lu.se)
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by a loss of the tumor suppressor gene VHL, and hence this tumor type is characterized by constitutive activation of the hypoxic response. (lu.se)

We will discuss three key proteins that function as tumor suppressors implicated in the development of pediatric (and some adult) cancers: pRB, p53, and PTEN. (medscape.com)
For this reason, the BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins are considered to be tumor suppressors, which means that they help keep cells from growing and dividing too fast or in an uncontrolled way. (medlineplus.gov)
Cross-talk of the MAPK signaling pathway with other proteins and signaling pathways have a crucial impact on clinical outcomes of targeted therapies and plays important role during development of drug resistance in cancers. (mdpi.com)
Many tumor suppressor proteins play a role in DNA repair, helping to correct genetic mutations and maintain the stability of the genome. (pharmiweb.com)
Some tumor suppressor proteins are involved in maintaining cell adhesion, preventing cells from breaking away and spreading to other parts of the body (metastasis). (pharmiweb.com)
Our simulations show that, if HMGB1 is overexpressed, then the oncoproteins CyclinD/E, which regulate cell proliferation, are overexpressed, while tumor suppressor proteins that regulate cell apoptosis (programmed cell death), such as p53, are repressed. (biomedcentral.com)
The cell cycle is strictly regulated and controlled by a complex network of signaling pathways [ 1 ], comprised of hundreds of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, a number of extracellular proteins can bind to their receptors and activate signaling pathways that promote the proliferation of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The HMGB1 signal transduction can influence the cell's fate by two important processes - apoptosis and cell proliferation - which are regulated respectively by the proteins p53 and CyclinE, acting in two different signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein p53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor proteins: its activation can lead to cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, or apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
The crosstalk is regulated by tumor suppressor proteins, including ARF, P21 and FBXW7, which are also frequently mutated in many cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) play important roles in modulating the MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)
it still remains to be determined if there are more proteins that can regulate the RPs-MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)
We further revealed that chaetocin triggered the activation of Hippo pathway in ESCC cells, which is characterized by elevated phosphorylation levels of almost all core proteins in Hippo pathway, such as MST1 (Thr183), MST2 (Thr180), MOB1 (Thr35), LAST1 (Thr1079 and Ser909) and YAP (Ser127), ultimately leading to decreased nuclear translocation of YAP. (aging-us.com)
Deregulated activation of Dvl proteins has been reported in various solid tumors. (bvsalud.org)
However, it is not clear which pathway and proteins are responsible for observed aberrant activities and their relevance in disease prognosis. (bvsalud.org)

Shaoguang Li and colleagues show that the Blk pathway functions as a tumor suppressor in cancer stem cells of chronic myeloid leukemia but has no effect on normal hematopoietic stem cells. (nature.com)
PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)

Here we show that 32D cells transformed with two different oncogenes, v-src or c-fms [S301,F969], both belonging to the CSF-1 transduction pathway, respond to exogenous wt-p53 expression with the same final outcome-monocytic differentiation. (mcmaster.ca)
A recent demonstration of the differential expression of miRNAs and their target mRNAs in cancer and the discovery that some miRNAs can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors have sparked considerable interest in elucidating their role in tumorigenesis ( 5 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The Hippo kinase pathway is emerging as a conserved signaling pathway that controls cell proliferation, apoptosis, contact inhibition, cell migration, cell differentiation, stem cell self-renewal, genetic stability, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (oncotarget.com)
Inhibition of AXL restores sensitivity to erlotinib in in vitro and in vivo tumor models. (nature.com)
Targeted inhibition of individual kinases of the MAPK signaling pathway using synthetic compounds represents a promising way to effective anti-cancer therapy. (mdpi.com)
Based on the findings, the inhibition of miR-543 was found to play a tumor suppressive role in PA through the down-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway by negatively regulating Smad7. (cancerindex.org)

Furthermore, while overexpression of ITCH expression in breast cells is associated with increased incidence of mammary tumor formation and progression, its knockdown inhibited breast cancer cell tumorigenicity and metastasis. (oncotarget.com)
Another pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, appears to play a part in the progression of diabetes, insulin resistance, and autoimmunity in both type 1 and 2 diabetes and complications in diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
The research illuminates the crucial role of the Rb/CD44 pathway in the metastatic progression of basal-like breast carcinomas, Godar says. (sciencedaily.com)
In conclusion, our work reveals the impacts of circIFT80 as ceRNA in the progression of CRC, by which sponging miR-142, miR-568, and miR-634 enhanced the expression levels of β -catenin and activation Wnt/ β -catenin pathway. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, a high rate of glucose uptake is required to meet increased energy needs to support rapid tumor progression. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) have been shown to play pivotal roles in tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. (cdc.gov)

A combination of in vitro and in vivo models with validation in human tumors has identified AXL activation as a new mechanism of acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer. (nature.com)

The tumour suppressor p53 protein, ""the guardian of the genome"", has an overarching role in protecting the organism from cancer. (europa.eu)
The well-documented tumor suppressor p53, referred as 'the guardian of the genome', is activated upon exposure to a myriad of cellular stresses. (elifesciences.org)

miR-101-5p acts as a tumor suppressor by inducing apoptosis in HER2+ breast cancer and sensitizes cells with initially poor response to lapatinib and trastuzumab. (nih.gov)
Our results suggest the existence of a novel miR-148a-DNMT1 regulatory circuit and indicate that miR-148a acts as a tumor suppressor during hepatocellular carcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)

The more sporadic occurrence of unilateral development of retinoblastoma was hypothesized to develop much later in life due to two de novo mutations that were needed to fully lose tumor suppressor properties. (wikipedia.org)
Expression of the suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1) is inactivated in hematopoietic and solid cancers by promoter methylation, miRNA-mediated silencing, and mutations. (aacrjournals.org)
Moreover, the models also predict that mutations of RAS, ARF and P21 in the context of HMGB1 signaling can influence the cancer cell's fate - apoptosis or survival - through the crosstalk of different pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations that activate the oncogene K-ras or interfere with the tumor suppressors p53 and Arf are common in human NSCLCs. (eurekalert.org)
Further, in K-rasLA mice, lung carcinomas were associated with either p53 mutations or deletion of Dmp1 to inactivate the Arf-p53 pathway. (eurekalert.org)

In other words, mutant tumor suppressor alleles are usually recessive, whereas mutant oncogene alleles are typically dominant. (wikipedia.org)
miRNA-1908 functions as an oncogene in glioblastoma by repressing the PTEN pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Our laboratory studies oncogene and tumor suppressor induced cancer-specific cellular programs, which cause therapeutic vulnerabilities in breast cancer. (helsinki.fi)

Taken together, our findings indicate that SS18-SSX-mediated attenuation of an EGR1-PTEN network regulates synovial sarcoma cell survival, and that HDAC inhibitor-mediated apoptosis operates at least in part through reactivation of this pathway. (nature.com)
Expression of exogenous wt-p53 in different tumor cell lines can induce growth arrest, apoptosis, or differentiation. (mcmaster.ca)
MicroRNA-543 promotes cell invasion and impedes apoptosis in pituitary adenoma via activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by negative regulation of Smad7. (cancerindex.org)
Which signaling pathways are fundamental for describing HMGB1 signal transduction, and what mechanisms are responsible to explain recent results linking overexpression of HMGB1 with decrease of apoptosis (and increased cancer cell survival)? (biomedcentral.com)
EGFR is a key mediator of oncogenesis in NSCLCs, with its activation inducing tumor proliferation and growth, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and inhibiting apoptosis ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Here, we demonstrated that chaetocin dramatically inhibited the proliferation in ESCC cells by causing cycle arrest in the M phase and activating the caspase-dependent apoptosis signaling pathway in vitro , and we also found that chaetocin induced the accumulation cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). (aging-us.com)

Angiogenesis is vital for tumorigenesis and development, as tumors cannot grow larger than 2 mm in diameter without angiogenesis. (oncotarget.com)
The Hippo kinase pathway is emerging as a conserved signaling pathway that is essential for organ growth and tumorigenesis. (oncotarget.com)
Identification of molecular pathway resulting in pituitary tumorigenesis remains challenges in endocrine oncology. (cancerindex.org)
In this work, we construct a simple model of HMGB1 signal transduction to investigate tumorigenesis on the basis of known signaling pathway studies [ 16 - 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, xenograft tumor experiments showed that circIFT80 accelerated the tumorigenesis of CRC in vivo. (hindawi.com)
Associations between tumor hypoxia and aggressively malignant phenotypes are observed across a range of cancers, focusing attention on molecular dissection of these pathways and how they contribute to tumorigenesis. (lu.se)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Together, our results reveal that ITCH pro-tumorigenic functions in breast cancer are mediated, at least in part, through inactivation of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway. (oncotarget.com)
Early-stage prostate cancer can usually be treated successfully, and some older men have prostate tumors that grow so slowly that they may never cause health problems during their lifetime, even without treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
The Smad7 protein is negative regulator of the TGF-β signaling pathway, which is upregulated in patients with breast cancer. (cancerindex.org)
The retinoblastoma (Rb) protein plays a critical role in suppressing the multi-step process of cell migration through the bloodstream, lymphovascular invasion and the metastasis of an aggressive type of breast cancer to the lung, researchers at the University of Cincinnati (UC) Cancer Institute, the Cincinnati Cancer Center (CCC) and the UC Brain Tumor Center have found. (sciencedaily.com)
Cells are potent to go under abnormal growth processes and finally lead to tumor/cancer. (pharmiweb.com)
The principal objective of our broad, translational research is to determine structural attributes and to develop small-molecule compounds for new, emerging, cancer-related protein-protein interactions in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) conjugation pathways. (europa.eu)
We have developed a rule-based model of crosstalk between the HMGB1 signaling pathway and other key cancer signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
miR-101-5p has shown tumor-suppressive properties in multiple cancer forms, and we assessed the effect and mechanism of action of this miRNA in HER2+ breast cancer. (nih.gov)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common form of malignant tumor and is characterized by high rates of proliferation and metastases. (hindawi.com)
In this present study, we found that circIFT80 was abnormally overexpression in colorectal cancer tissues and tumor cells. (hindawi.com)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by high rates of proliferation and metastasis and represents the third most common form of malignant tumor and the fourth leading cause of mortality in the world, thus creating a serious threat to health [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Guillermina's pioneering work in genetics has paved the way for innovative research at MD Anderson and at cancer centers around the world," said President Peter WT Pisters, M.D. "We are proud to count her among our most distinguished faculty, and we are excited to see her recognized by our peers for her transformative work in outlining the p53 pathway. (mdanderson.org)
A total of 98 tissue samples were obtained from the tumor bank of Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute (Guangzhou, China) between 2004 and 2006. (spandidos-publications.com)
We have established variety of three-dimensional culture systems for mammary primary and stem cell-based organoids as well as patient tumor-derived explants for ex vivo target validation and for studies of breast cancer development and translation. (helsinki.fi)
If successful, this project will improve understanding of tumor visibility by Micro-Ultrasound, and result in a 3-minute prostate scan and urine sample test that identifies patients at risk for prostate cancer and improves decisions on whether patients should undergo prostate biopsy or not. (pcf.org)
Mesothelioma pathologists study samples of tumor tissue to understand how the cancer grows. (mesothelioma.com)
These regulatory RNAs are potential therapeutic targets for cancer due to their tissue and tumor specificity. (newswise.com)
The findings of this investigation from Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center showed that more aggressive tumor biology and significantly shorter survival were linked with low household income, even in breast cancer with a better prognosis. (medpagetoday.com)
An important development in cancer research over the past 2 decades has been the recognition that genetic changes drive the pathogenesis of tumors of both adulthood and childhood. (medscape.com)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells (ie, small, round cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis). (medscape.com)
There is consistent evidence of the cost-effectiveness and clinical benefit of a structured diagnostic pathway in patients with LS following a diagnosis of cancer linked to cascade testing in families. (cdc.gov)
The aim of my thesis was to evaluate the clinical significance of the tumor suppressors 15-PGDH and WNT5A in colon cancer patients. (lu.se)
I investigated the underlying mechanisms/signaling triggered by these tumor suppressors in colon cancer cells and whether the re-expression of these tumor suppressors could be an attractive therapeutic strategy for treatment of colon cancer patients. (lu.se)
I found that presence of mast cells in colon cancer tissue was associated with better prognosis of colon cancer patients, and the presence of mast cells in polyps/tumors in a colitis-associated colon cancer mouse model was also beneficial. (lu.se)
My results show that treatment of colon cancer cells with Foxy-5, a WNT5A mimicking peptide, leads to up-regulation of 15-PGDH through JNK/AP-1 pathway. (lu.se)
Through their efforts, we are gaining a better understanding of cancer formation and developing diagnostic tools for early detection, while also exploring ways to prevent tumor growth and much more. (lu.se)

Loss of PTEN expression was found in 67.7% of tumors (65/96). (spandidos-publications.com)

This study examines exciting new hallmarks for the strict involvement of autophagy and TGF-β signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the design of novel therapeutic strategies. (frontiersin.org)

In order to identify the target molecule of miRNA-1908, a luciferase reporter assay was performed, and the corresponding downstream signaling pathway was examined using immunohistochemistry of human glioblastoma tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
It specifically negatively regulates the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway to induce cell cycle arrest. (medscape.com)
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a part of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway which allows the transduction of various cellular signals to final effectors and regulation of elementary cellular processes. (mdpi.com)
We discuss cross-talk of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway with other signaling pathways, in particular interplay with the Hippo/MST pathway. (mdpi.com)
The prominent role of autophagy signaling pathway was supported by the alteration of autophagy markers in patients and animal models of T1DM, T2DM, and gestational diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
Anti-diabetic drugs such as metformin and rosiglitazone have been reported to act via modulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway. (frontiersin.org)
Natural agents including compounds as resveratrol, puerarin, curcumin, hesperidin and silymarin, and extracts of propolis, Lycopus lucidus , and Momordica charantia have been shown to combat diabetes via modulation of TGF-β signaling pathway. (frontiersin.org)
The Hippo-Salvador signaling pathway regulates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. (nih.gov)
Axin is a tumor suppressor and a key negative regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (rcsb.org)
IRE1α-XBP1 were essential for expansion of activated mouse and human NK cells and are situated downstream of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. (cancerindex.org)
circITGA7 serves as a tumor suppressor in CRC by inhibiting growth and metastasis by suppressing the Ras signaling pathway [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Wnt/ß-catenin and Wnt/PCP signaling pathway components are effectively repressed after Dvl silencing in K562 cells, while regulator of Wnt/Ca2+ signaling showed increase in both CML cell lines. (bvsalud.org)
Based on these findings we are establishing a model system for ccRCC based on conditional deletion of VHL in conjunction with constitutive activation of the Notch signaling pathway. (lu.se)

A nice linkurl:AP story;http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/H/HATFIELD_MCCOY_SECRET?SITE=PASTR&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT talks about the hypothesis that much of the fuel for the famed Hatfield-McCoy feud might be attributed to Von Hippel-Lindau disease, a rare genetic disorder that predisposes those affected to highly-vascularized tumors. (the-scientist.com)
Mus musculus von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (Vhl), mRNA. (genscript.com)

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are believed to take part in a common pathway in maintenance of genomic integrity in cells. (lu.se)

Here, gain- and loss-of-function assays demonstrated that miR-874 inhibited the tumor angiogenesis of GC cells in vitro and in vivo . (oncotarget.com)
Inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDAC) restore the p53 pathway in neuroblastoma cells. (nature.com)
Within Harris's experiments, tumor cells were fused with normal somatic cells to make hybrid cells. (wikipedia.org)
Each cell had chromosomes from both parents and upon growth, a majority of these hybrid cells did not have the capability of developing tumors within animals. (wikipedia.org)
These data strongly support the idea that wt-p53 suppressing effects result from interactions between p53 activity and the signaling pathways activated in different transformed cells. (mcmaster.ca)
In this disorder, certain cells in the prostate become abnormal, multiply without control or order, and form a tumor. (medlineplus.gov)
Tumor suppressors are involved in regulating the cell cycle, ensuring that cells only divide when necessary and that the process is tightly controlled. (pharmiweb.com)
The Warburg effect is the enhanced conversion of glucose to lactate observed in tumor cells, even in the presence of normal levels of oxygen. (sigmaaldrich.com)
NF-kB or similar pathways increase the survival and growth of mesothelial cells. (mesothelioma.com)
Medulloblastoma is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "an embryonal neuroepithelial tumor arising in the cerebellum or dorsal brainstem, presenting mainly in childhood and consisting of densely packed small round undifferentiated cells with mild to moderate nuclear pleomorphism and high mitotic count. (medscape.com)
These changes can be inherited and are, therefore, found in every cell, but more often, they are somatically acquired and restricted to tumor cells. (medscape.com)
GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)
This enabled identification of TFs that can be uniquely associated to the tumor cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). (lu.se)
Initial exponential tumor growth is followed by a plateau phase when cell death nearly equals the rate of formation of daughter cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Small tumors have a greater percentage of actively dividing cells than do large tumors. (msdmanuals.com)

To the best of the authors' knowledge, no computational model has been proposed to investigate the importance of HMGB1 in tumor proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Current insight revealed aerobic glycolysis supports various biosynthetic pathways and, consequently, the metabolic requirements for proliferation. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Dmp1 is a unique tumor suppressor that activates Arf expression and thus induces p53-dependent cell cycle arrest. (eurekalert.org)
Inflammation activates signaling pathways like the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathway. (mesothelioma.com)

Some cancerous tumors can invade surrounding tissue and spread to other parts of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)

The overexpression of miRNA-1908 significantly promoted anchorage-independent growth in vitro and significantly increased the tumor forming potential in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we demonstrate that the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) and its substrate transcription factor X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) drive NK cell responses against viral infection and tumors in vivo. (cancerindex.org)
Are there multiple proteolytic pathways contributing to c-Fos, c-Jun and p53 protein degradation in vivo? (cnrs.fr)
Several catabolic pathways contribute to their degradation in vivo. (cnrs.fr)
Furthermore, in vivo results confirmed the antitumor effect of chaetocin and its relationship with Hippo pathway. (aging-us.com)

[ 4 ] Adult cases are unusual, accounting for less than 1% of brain tumors. (medscape.com)

The core of the Hippo pathway is composed of a kinase cascade that includes MST1/2 serine/threonine kinase (ortholog of Hpo in D. melanogaster ), WW45 scaffold protein (Sav), MOB (Mats) and LATS1/2 kinases (Wts). (oncotarget.com)
Kidney-specific knockout of Sav1 in the mouse promotes hyperproliferation of renal tubular epithelium through suppression of the Hippo pathway. (nih.gov)
Li L , Jiang H , Li Y , Xiang X , Chu Y , Tang J , Liu K , Huo D , Zhang X , . Chaetocin exhibits anticancer effects in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via activation of Hippo pathway. (aging-us.com)
Dysfunction of the Hippo pathway is common in esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC). (aging-us.com)
However, the anticancer effects of chaetocin on ESCC and its potential relationship to Hippo pathway remain unclear. (aging-us.com)
The RNA-seq analysis indicated that the Hippo pathway is one of the most enriched pathways after chaetocin treatment. (aging-us.com)
Taken together, our study demonstrates that chaetocin exhibits anticancer effects in ESCC via activation of Hippo pathway. (aging-us.com)

[ 5 ] Targeted disruption of TP53 in the mouse leads to the development of various tumors. (medscape.com)
DNA damage increases TP53 levels through an ATM-dependent pathway. (medscape.com)

But the potential role of miR-1908 in the carcinogenesis and tumor development of glioblastoma is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)

Specifically, evidence supports that several signaling pathways play pivotal roles in the development of diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
Scientists have identified the transcription factor DMP1 as a pivotal tumor suppressor for both human and mouse lung cancers, especially in carcinomas that exhibit intact Arf-p53 pathways. (eurekalert.org)

The PI3K pathway is considered to be a major determinant of the glycolytic phenotype through AKT1 and mTOR signaling, and subsequent downstream Hypoxy Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) transcription factor activation. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Indeed, mounting evidence has shown that the poor prognosis of patients with glioblastoma and therapeutic failure are associated with a number of abnormally activated signaling pathways, among which phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling represents one of the most important regulatory pathways for the malignancy [ 16 , 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Another important pathway is the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. (sigmaaldrich.com)

However, the role of miR-874 in tumor angiogenesis and the mechanisms underlying its function in GC remained to be clarified. (oncotarget.com)
Overexpression of STAT3 rescued the loss of tumor angiogenesis caused by miR-874. (oncotarget.com)
Conversely, the STAT3-shRNA attenuated the increased tumor angiogenesis caused by the miR-874-inhibitor. (oncotarget.com)
Taken together, these findings indicate that down-regulation of miR-874 contributes to tumor angiogenesis through STAT3 in GC, highlighting the potential of miR-874 as a target for human GC therapy. (oncotarget.com)
miRNA-378 promotes tumor angiogenesis by targeting Sufu and Fus-1 [ 8 ]. (oncotarget.com)
The VHL tumor suppressor deactivates angiogenesis in an interesting oxygen sensing pathway. (the-scientist.com)

In this study, we examined the expressions of p33ING1, p14ARF, MDM2 and p21WAF1 mRNA in 25 advanced colorectal cancers by quantitative RT-PCR method, and compared the expression levels of p33ING1, p14ARF, p21WAF1 and MDM2 in relation to p53 status in the tumors. (nih.gov)
Tumors that begin at one site and then spread to other areas of the body are called metastatic cancers . (medlineplus.gov)
It points to the Rb/CD44 pathway as a promising target for therapy to combat the propensity for these aggressive breast cancers to metastasize to the lung and brain. (sciencedaily.com)
In order to escape the safeguard system mediated by p53, nearly all human cancers have compromised the effectiveness of the p53 pathway. (europa.eu)
Lynch syndrome (LS) affects approximately 1 in 400 individuals and predisposes to multiple cancers including colorectal, endometrial, gastric, small bowel, cholangiocarinoma and other tumors. (cdc.gov)
Niroula A, Vihinen M (2015) Harmful somatic amino acid substitutions affect key pathways in cancers.BMC Med Genomics 8:53. (lu.se)

Dissemination of medulloblastoma within cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways is a defining pathobiologic characteristic of this tumor, and about 30% of patients will have CSF metastasis at presentation. (medscape.com)

Furthermore, the clear heterogeneity of CRC tumors indicates a clear need for new biological markers and therapeutic targets for CRC. (hindawi.com)
they can also serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for tumors, as demonstrated in multiple studies [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

Growing tumors exist in metabolically compromised environments that require activation of multiple pathways to scavenge nutrients to support accelerated rates of growth. (jci.org)

They focused on several biomarkers within the COX metabolic pathway. (medscape.com)

Expression levels of miR-101-5p in two clinical datasets, TCGA and METABRIC, were compared between tumor and normal adjacent samples, and across molecular subtypes and HER2 status. (nih.gov)
The team will compare the biological differences in what these imaging methods detect, the molecular characteristics of tumors visible on MRI and Micro-Ultrasound vs. tumors visible by only one modality. (pcf.org)

The Akt pathway regulates diverse biological functions ( 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

As such, it represents a model system for tumor hypoxia in general. (lu.se)

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumor of childhood, with an annual incidence of about 0.5-0.8/100,000 in children younger than 19 years. (medscape.com)

Proteomic data and in silico analyses revealed PI3K/Akt- and HER2-pathways among the predicted regulated pathways. (nih.gov)

HMGB1 can activate a series of signaling components, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT, which play an important role in tumor growth and inflammation, through binding to different surface receptors, such as RAGE and TLR2/4. (biomedcentral.com)
Laminin 5 (Ln5) is an extracellular matrix protein that plays an important role in cell migration and tumor invasion. (spandidos-publications.com)

COX-2 promotes PGE2 expression, and 15-PGDH is a tumor suppressor that degrades PGE2. (medscape.com)

Mice had a broad spectrum of unusual tumors in multiple organs, with a high incidence of diffuse large B cell lymphomas. (jax.org)
B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)

Inhibitors of the glycolytic pathway, such as dichloroacetic acid (DCA) and 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) are now being used in clinical studies as potential anticancer agents. (sigmaaldrich.com)
[ 1 ] These tumors display considerable clinical and biologic heterogeneity, and they have been further defined molecularly and histologically. (medscape.com)

Solid tumors are consistently less well-oxygenated than the normal tissues from which they arise. (lu.se)

Winter temperature and UV are tightly linked to genetic changes in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway in Eastern Asia. (ox.ac.uk)

In addition to locally aggressive behavior with fourth ventricular obstruction and hydrocephalus, medulloblastomas can metastasize via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways. (medscape.com)
Postoperative radiation can also be a useful adjunct when patients have aggressive tumors that were treated surgically or when surgery has failed to clear the margins of the tumor. (medscape.com)

In addition, I also found that the pro-inflammatory mediator LTC4 via CysLTR2 can induce the expression of 15-PGDH through the JNK pathway, which indicate that LTC4 via CysLTR2 has an anti-tumor effect. (lu.se)
We hypothesized that the expression of COX-2 and 15-PDGH might relate to the tumor-preventive efficacy of the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib," Dr Wang said when he presented the study findings at the meeting. (medscape.com)

Thus, inhibitors targeting these pathways might represent potentially applicable therapeutic agents against glioblastoma. (biomedcentral.com)

The c-Fos and c-Jun oncoproteins and the p53 tumor suppressor protein are short-lived transcription factors. (cnrs.fr)

Homozygous null mice have shortened life spans, becoming moribund due to increased incidence of tumors. (jax.org)
Tumors that developed in mice deficient in INK4A were enhanced by the topical application of carcinogens and ultraviolet light. (medscape.com)

Anatomy21

Organisms7

Diseases51

Chemicals and Drugs77

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes76

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Genes28

Gene21

Proteins16

Functions as a tumor suppressor2

Oncogenes2

Inhibition4

Progression6

Human tumors1

Guardian of the genome2

Acts as a Tumor Suppressor2

Mutations5

Oncogene3

Apoptosis6

Tumorigenesis6

Cancer27

PTEN1

Pathogenesis1

Signaling Pathway13

Hippel-Lindau2

BRCA11

Cells15

Proliferation2

Activates2

Tissue2

Vivo5

Brain tumors1

Hippo7

TP532

Carcinogenesis1

Pivotal2

MTOR1

Kinase2

Angiogenesis6

Cancers6

Metastasis1

Therapeutic targets2

Activation1

Biomarkers1

Molecular2

Regulates1

Hypoxia1

Malignant1

PI3K-AKT1

Role2

Promotes1

Cell2

Clinical2

Tissues1

Genetic changes1

Aggressive2

Expression2

Inhibitors1

Transcription1

Mice2