Tumor eukaryotic cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Finally, we studied the effects of arsenide trioxide and 5-azacitidine on the proliferation of leukemia cells and the TGF- β signaling pathway. (hindawi.com)
At the same time, arsenide trioxide and 5-azacitidine are associated with the inhibition of cellular proliferation of acute leukemia cells and also promote the elevated expression of TGF- β signaling pathway-linked proteins, including TGF- β , Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4. (hindawi.com)
Tight control of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells exists to control proliferation, differentiation or apoptosis. (benthamscience.com)
However, the underlying mechanisms involved in the induction of genomic instability, genotoxicity, mutations and consequent increased cell proliferation are still a matter of intense research. (benthamscience.com)
We previously reported that importin 13 (IPO13), a member of the importin-β family of nuclear import proteins, regulates nuclear import of the glucocorticoid receptor in airway epithelial cells, IPO13 serves as a potential marker for corneal epithelial progenitor cells, and IPO13 is associated with corneal cell proliferation. (molvis.org)
Here we investigated the role of IPO13 in the pathogenesis of pterygium and the underlying mechanism including interaction with other cell proliferation-related factors: keratin 17 (K17), a lesional protein and a member of the type I keratins, and c-Jun, a protein of the activator protein-1 complex. (molvis.org)
Oncotarget published 'Opposing effects of BRCA1 mRNA expression on patient survival in breast and colorectal cancer and variations among African American, Asian, and younger patients' which reported that LMNB2 is a chromatin remodeling protein that also plays a role in eukaryotic cell proliferation by organizing the nuclear membrane during mitosis. (news-medical.net)
LMNB2 is a chromatin remodeling protein that also plays a role in eukaryotic cell proliferation by organizing the nuclear membrane during mitosis. (news-medical.net)
Our simulations show that, if HMGB1 is overexpressed, then the oncoproteins CyclinD/E, which regulate cell proliferation, are overexpressed, while tumor suppressor proteins that regulate cell apoptosis (programmed cell death), such as p53, are repressed. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, a number of extracellular proteins can bind to their receptors and activate signaling pathways that promote the proliferation of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The HMGB1 signal transduction can influence the cell's fate by two important processes - apoptosis and cell proliferation - which are regulated respectively by the proteins p53 and CyclinE, acting in two different signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
CyclinE is a cell cycle regulatory protein which regulates the G1-S phase transition during cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
To the best of the authors' knowledge, no computational model has been proposed to investigate the importance of HMGB1 in tumor proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Down-regulation of EIF5B significantly decreased proliferation and invasiveness of the HCC cells. (techscience.com)
Eukaryotic elongation factors 2 promotes tumor cell proliferation and correlates with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. (nih.gov)
The present study investigated the effects of GSK2606414 on proliferation, apoptosis, and the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. (spandidos-publications.com)
Cell proliferation was assessed using the Cell Counting kit‑8 cell viability assay. (spandidos-publications.com)
GSK2606414 treatment inhibited RPE cell proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner, however it did not induce apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Low PDCD4 level was associated with reduced proliferation but not apoptosis or phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase caused by pulsatile shear stress to help maintain the homeostasis of endothelial cells. (plos.org)
Ample evidence shows that pro-atherosclerotic disturbed flow induces sustained activation of atherogenic genes in endothelial cells to promote their oxidation, inflammation, cell cycle progression and proliferation, whereas pulsatile shear stress tends to maintain endothelial cells in a quiescent and less proliferative state with a low level of oxidation and inflammation [16] , [17] . (plos.org)
The common thread of this group is their conviction that chromatin - with its dynamic regulation and virtually limitless epigenetic complexity - significantly impacts gene transcription and DNA repair in cancer cells, thereby promoting cellular proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis characteristic of the malignant state. (lsuhs.edu)
Hypoxia inducible factor-2α importance for migration, proliferation, and self-renewal of trunk neural crest cells. (lu.se)

It is believed that the occurrence of leukemia is the result of genetic and epigenetic changes in protooncogene and tumor suppressor genes [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
The tumor suppressor genes are inactivated, and the oncogenes are dominant during the formation of the tumor [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
In response to DNA damage, the checkpoint kinase ATM phosphorylates and activates Chk2, which in turn directly phosphorylates and activates p53 tumor suppressor protein. (kegg.jp)
The review highlights the discovery of oncogenes and suppressor tumor genes, underlining the crucial role of these achievements in cancer diagnosis and therapies. (jcancer.org)
The protein p53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor proteins: its activation can lead to cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, or apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
The crosstalk is regulated by tumor suppressor proteins, including ARF, P21 and FBXW7, which are also frequently mutated in many cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, loss of tumor suppressor activity or proapoptotic factors can contribute to androgen-independent growth (8) and has been reviewed (9) . (aacrjournals.org)
Regulation of the eukaryotic cell cycle, and the role of tumor suppressor genes. (utdallas.edu)
1) How does the hereditary breast tumor suppressor BRCA1 interaction network suppress breast tumor development? (mdanderson.org)
We recently found low level of tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) associated with reduced atherosclerotic plaque area (unpublished). (plos.org)
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is an important tumor suppressor in the development of various human cancers [1] and inhibits translation rather than transcription. (plos.org)
MOXD1 is a gate-keeper of organ homeostasis and functions as a tumor-suppressor in neuroblastoma. (lu.se)

Differentiation and apoptosis have cell cycle withdraw in common, while cancer and degenerative processes both show altered control of the cell cycle. (benthamscience.com)
Since epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including gefitinib (GEF) have been reported to induce the apoptosis of several cancer cell lines, in the present study, we examined whether the cytotoxic effects of GEF are further enhanced under amino acid starvation (AAS) culture conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
Which signaling pathways are fundamental for describing HMGB1 signal transduction, and what mechanisms are responsible to explain recent results linking overexpression of HMGB1 with decrease of apoptosis (and increased cancer cell survival)? (biomedcentral.com)
ADAR1 silencing in breast cancer cells leads to increased apoptosis, suggesting an anti-apoptotic function that promotes cancer progression. (cancerindex.org)
Additionally Baf A1 enhanced reactive oxygen varieties (ROS) generation and apoptosis induced by nedaplatin in HNE1/DDP cells. (antiviralbiologic.com)
Disruption of PERK activity has been demonstrated to reduce hydroquinone-induced apoptosis and hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in human RPE cells in vitro ( 5 , 21 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This inhibition leads to apoptosis or programmed cell death in cancer cells. (fenbenmed.com)
The drug has also been shown to induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) in several tumor cell lines, including neuroblastoma, melanoma, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and glioblastoma multiforme. (fenbenmed.com)
However, they have both been shown to induce apoptosis in several different cell types. (listlabs.com)

Tumor cell-derived exosomes mediate signal transduction between the tumor and tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor cell-derived exosomes mediate signal transduction between the tumor and surrounding non-tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Intensive study has demonstrated interactions with host-cell signal transduction and possibly eukaryotic transcription. (cdc.gov)
The basic science studies focus on identifying signal transduction targets, critical molecular pathways that are distinct in various tumor types. (lsuhs.edu)
signal transduction pathways that control the availability of eIF4E, especially those involving mTOR The goal of this focus group is to better understand how cancer cells become active and how to interfere with that process, which will lead to more specific treatment modalities. (lsuhs.edu)

Since then, several reports have been published showing that these drugs are effective against various solid tumors, including breast, prostate, and renal cancers. (fenbenmed.com)
The mission of this group is to share knowledge, agents and resources to facilitate ongoing research projects, to facilitate community outreach and education, and to provide an interdisciplinary working group to formulate new approaches to diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors. (lsuhs.edu)
Our overall aim is to understand how TAM immunosuppressive and pro-metastatic functions are regulated and if these TAMs can be used as mechanistic, predictive and prognostic tools for different solid tumors, including breast cancer, adult and pediatric sarcoma, and other solid tumors. (lu.se)

Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles, are released by almost all eukaryotic cells, including tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition to participation in proteasome function, this subunit may also participate in the TNF signalling pathway since it interacts with the tumor necrosis factor type 1 receptor. (novusbio.com)
Magnetic Luminex Assay Kit for Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFa) ,etc. (uscnk.com)
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Antagonism Reveals a Gut/Lung Axis That Amplifies Regulatory T Cells in a Pulmonary Fungal Infection. (uc.edu)
They have also been shown to induce expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), induce F-actin depolymerization, and activate a Src kinase. (listlabs.com)
In those cell types, the receptor concentration and binding is modulated by factors such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukins, and fatty acid content of the membranes. (listlabs.com)

Mitotic cell cycle progression is accomplished through a reproducible sequence of events, DNA replication (S phase) and mitosis (M phase) separated temporally by gaps known as G1 and G2 phases. (kegg.jp)
CDKs regulate the cell's progression through the phases of the cell cycle by modulating the activity of key substrates. (kegg.jp)
A multitude of pathways control cyclin-dependent kinase activities as the major event for cell cycle progression. (benthamscience.com)
However, androgen-independent cells are eventually selected during androgen ablation therapy (4) , and progression to an androgen-independent state remains the primary cause of mortality in these patients within an average of 1.5 years. (aacrjournals.org)
EIF5B (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5B) is a conserved eukaryotic translation factor that mediates association of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits during eukaryotic translation initiation, and modulates the cell cycle progression by regulating the translation of upstream open reading frames (uORF)-containing mRNAs such as p27 and p21 [ 3 ]. (techscience.com)
These data suggest that EIF5B functions as an oncogene that promotes cancer cell growth, survival, and progression. (techscience.com)
Although PDCD4 in general suppresses the development and progression of tumors, its specific biological functions differ by cell type [8] . (plos.org)
A multistage process has been proposed for the evolution of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), in which normal squamous epithelia undergo a series of histological and genetic progression towards noninvasive precursor lesions, i.e., dysplasia (DYS) and carcinoma in situ (CIS), then towards invasive cancer, and, finally towards deep invasion and metastasis to lymph nodes and other organs. (biomedcentral.com)
The translational research group investigators are working with an array of solid tumor model systems to understand the molecular events that drive, and are critical for tumor progression and metastasis, and resistance to therapy. (lsuhs.edu)
The long-term goals of this group are to identify novel targets that are critical for solid tumor progression and metastasis. (lsuhs.edu)
The underlying hypothesis that the group is collectively testing is that despite distinct origins, there are common targets among various solid tumor malignancies that could be explored to prevent tumor progression, tumor metastasis and therapeutic resistance. (lsuhs.edu)
The Protein Synthesis and Cancer group explores the role of translation in regulating tumor progression. (lsuhs.edu)
This group studies the mechanism and regulation of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells, with particular emphasis on how dysregulation of protein synthesis can lead to malignant transformation and progression to more aggressive forms of cell growth and invasion. (lsuhs.edu)
The Concept of Cancer Stem Cells: Elaborating on ALDH1B1 as an Emerging Marker of Cancer Progression. (lu.se)
Accumulation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) is associated with tumor progression and poor survival in most cancers, including breast cancer. (lu.se)

Other documented proof includes the Ebers Papyrus dating from 1500 BC that describes several types of tumors concerning skin, uterus, stomach, and rectum. (jcancer.org)
Its potential effect on different types of tumors will be thoroughly monitored for months, perhaps years if the results are promising, by medical doctors and the researchers involved in the experiments. (fapesp.br)

In this study, we investigated the functional role of eukaryotic initiation factor 5B (EIF5B) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying mechanisms. (techscience.com)
Autophagy can promote tumor suppression TCS 5861528 during malignancy initiation. (antiviralbiologic.com)
Western blot analysis was used to measure eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) phosphorylation levels. (spandidos-publications.com)
As one of three primary UPR effectors, PERK directly phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), which consequently inhibits initiation of general translation and reduces ER burden ( 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
It can also compete with eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF)4G and RNA for eIF4A binding and trap eIF4A in an inactive conformation to inhibit translation initiation via its two highly conserved MA3 domains [3] - [6] . (plos.org)
Further mechanistic studies revealed that these functions were controlled by the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) interacting protein kinase (MNK) signaling pathways, which regulate which mRNAs will be translated. (lu.se)

In order for cells to grow and proliferate by manufacturing more proteins, the cells must ensure that they have the resources available for protein production. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, for protein production, and therefore mTORC1 activation, cells must have adequate energy resources, nutrient availability, oxygen abundance, and proper growth factors in order for mRNA translation to begin. (wikipedia.org)
Even if a cell has the proper energy for protein synthesis, if it does not have the amino acid building blocks for proteins, no protein synthesis will occur. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, since insulin is a factor that is secreted by pancreatic beta cells upon glucose elevation in the blood, its signaling ensures that there is energy for protein synthesis to take place. (wikipedia.org)
A 31-kDa protein was detected in eukaryotic cells transfected with an expression vector containing the TEF-1delta cDNA. (cdc.gov)
Overexpression of the TEF-1delta protein by transfection was oncogenic in NIH3T3 cells as evidenced by the appearance of transformed foci exhibiting anchorage-independent growth and the potential to grow as tumors in nude mice. (cdc.gov)
Secondly, we employed qRT-PCR and Western blotting to detect the mRNA and protein levels of GRHL2 in leukemia cell lines. (hindawi.com)
Then we investigated the demethylating effect of arsenic trioxide and 5-azacitidine on the mRNA and protein expression levels of GRHL2 in cell lines of acute leukemia. (hindawi.com)
The methylation level of the GRHL2 promoter region in acute leukemia patients and cell lines was significantly higher than the normal control group, and we found the elevated mRNA and protein levels of GRHL2 in acute leukemia cell lines after the use of the demethylation drug arsenic trioxide and 5-azacitidine. (hindawi.com)
Two biochemical processes, protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and ubiquitin-mediated degradation drive cell cycle control. (benthamscience.com)
The protein complex that the cells of animals, plants, and fungi use to control cell division was created long ago from at least 40 different proteins. (uu.nl)
During cell division, both chromatids - the two copies of a chromosome - contain a protein complex that resembles a fairground grappling hook. (uu.nl)
The composition of the kinetochore in the last common ancestor (LECA) of all current eukaryotic cells exhibits the diverse origin of the protein. (uu.nl)
HMGB1 can activate a series of signaling components, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and AKT, which play an important role in tumor growth and inflammation, through binding to different surface receptors, such as RAGE and TLR2/4. (biomedcentral.com)
This review explores the two primary kinase classes, the eukaryotic protein kinases (ePKs) and the atypical protein kinases (aPKs), and provides a structure-centered comparison of their sequences, structures, hydrophobic spines, mutation and SNP hotspots, and inhibitor interaction patterns. (ku.dk)
Each vial of cell lysate contains 100ug of total protein (at 1 mg/ml). (novusbio.com)
Each vial of cell lysate contains 100ug of total protein which should be sufficient for 20-50 reactions. (novusbio.com)
Application of unidirectional pulsatile shear stress to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) decreased PDCD4 protein but not mRNA level. (plos.org)
rAAV are virus-derived nano-sized protein carriers of DNA developed by nature to deliver genes to eukaryotic cells. (syntbio.net)
They combined "in-cell" nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a bioreactor system and cutting-edge computational algorithms to determine protein structures in crowded intracellular environments for the first time. (analytica-world.com)
This has made it difficult to see what each protein inside the cells does in its natural environment, despite the obvious biomedical benefits of knowing e.g. how a particular protein reacts when cells are subjected to chemical stimuli, like pharmaceutical drugs. (analytica-world.com)
To tackle this challenge, a team from Tokyo Metropolitan University led by Assistant Professor Teppei Ikeya and Professor Yutaka Ito applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy measurements to specific proteins expressed inside sf9 cultured insect cells, a strain of cells originally derived from a type of moth larva widely used for protein production. (analytica-world.com)
Thus, they combined a sparse sampling -based rapid NMR measurement scheme with state-of-the-art computational methods employing statistical techniques like Bayesian inference , methods tailored to elucidate protein structures efficiently based on a limited amount of structural information from in-cell NMR spectra with inherently low-sensitivity. (analytica-world.com)

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process involved in cancer metastasis wherein cancer cells with epithelial characteristics acquire mesenchymal characteristics such as increased motility, invasion, and survival [ 6 ]. (techscience.com)
The development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progresses a multistage process, collectively known as precursor lesions, also called dysplasia (DYS) and carcinoma in situ (CIS), subsequent invasive lesions and final metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
By targeting these mechanisms, the overarching aim is to reprogram pro-tumoral TAMs into an anti-tumoral state, affecting various components of the non-cancer cells residing in the tumor microenvironment, ultimately inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis ( Figure 1 ). (lu.se)
Silencing of Mnks in TAMs reprograms them into an anti-tumor phenotype, entailing activation of TILs and induction of vessel normalization, which hampers distant metastasis. (lu.se)

Nucleocytoplasmic transport is an essential phenomenon in eukaryotic cells controlled by the family of proteins called importins and exportins. (molvis.org)
The cell cycle is strictly regulated and controlled by a complex network of signaling pathways [ 1 ], comprised of hundreds of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
If some important proteins are mutated or there are defects in the signaling mechanisms, normal cell growth regulation will break down, possibly leading to the occurrence of cancer in the future. (biomedcentral.com)
ARA55, ARA54, ARA70, BRCA1, and heat-shock proteins) may allow cells to become independent of androgens (intrinsic activation). (aacrjournals.org)
In the glioma cells, EIF5B promotes cell survival by enhancing the translation of several IRES-containing mRNAs including those encoding anti-apoptotic proteins such as XIAP and Bcl-xL [ 4 ]. (techscience.com)
To confirm the immunohistochemical results, three proteins, fascin, CK14 and laminin-5γ2, which were overexpressed in ESCC on tissue microarray, were detected in 12 ESCC cell lines by Western blot assay. (biomedcentral.com)
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have successfully determined the high-resolution three-dimensional structure of proteins inside living eukaryotic cells. (analytica-world.com)
Target proteins are expressed inside sf9 cells, then measured using "in-cell" NMR spectroscopy. (analytica-world.com)
The problem with simply applying the same techniques to proteins in sf9 cells was the significantly lower concentration of target proteins and short lifetime of cells, making it difficult to collect high quality multi-dimensional NMR spectra for nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) which would give precise information about how different atoms are spaced inside individual molecules. (analytica-world.com)

Her laboratory takes multidisciplinary approach to identify important players in the DNA damage response and define the roles of these genes in maintaining genomic stability and tumor suppression. (mdanderson.org)
We engineer these particles to specifically transduce tumor cells and deliver genes for enzymes that promote tumor suicide upon administration of a prodrug. (syntbio.net)
After cloning the antibody genes into an expression vector, this is then transfected into an appropriate host cell line for antibody expression. (cellsignal.com)

Geert Kops is Professor of Molecular Tumour Cell Biology at the Hubrecht Institute, and a specialist in eukaryotic cell division. (uu.nl)
He is widely recognized for spearheading fundamental research in the biology of the eukaryotic cell division cycle and of DNA damage induced checkpoints. (austrianbiotech.com)
Areas included are for example cell- and molecular biology, molecular biotechnology and medical biology. (lu.se)

Abnormal methylation of Grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) is associated with a substantial role in the malignant phenotype of tumor patients. (hindawi.com)
research shows that about 90% of the blood system of malignant tumors with at least the height of single gene methylation is closely related since this is a reversible process of genetic modification can be through to handle to restore the normal expression of gene methylation, to achieve the purpose of prevention and treatment of tumor [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
3] This is believed to constitute an important mechanism of resistance to topoisomerase I inhibitors in malignant cells. (cancernetwork.com)
Glioma is a type of malignant brain tumor. (cancerindex.org)
Upregulation of NOX1 may be associated with infiltration of M2-type macrophages in cervical cancer tissues, and NOX1 promotes malignant features of cervical cancer cells by stimulating ROS production. (biomedcentral.com)

Antibody-drug conjugates extend the therapeutic potential of antibodies for tumor therapy. (syntbio.net)
Currently, his research focuses on pancreatic cancer and glioblastoma, using functional genomics to identify novel tumor dependencies and evaluate their potential for therapeutic translation. (austrianbiotech.com)
B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)

Cytotoxicity of extracts and compounds isolated from Croton echioides in animal tumor cell (HTC). (scielo.br)
Cell experiment and animal tumor formation experiment were used to evaluate whether exosomal NOX1 stimulating ROS production to promote M2 polarization of TAM in cervical cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

In particular EF1A2 is overexpressed in several tumor cells and participates in drug resistence processes. (unina.it)

In line with this, these authors found that young CRC patients, who tend to express high levels of BRCA1 in their tumors, also tend to express low levels of p21 and this may be due to simultaneous high expression of LMNB2. (news-medical.net)
BRCA1 is mutated in less than 1-7% of BC tumors when patients are not selected for family history, but when altered it is a robust biomarker for BC susceptibility with mutation carriers having a lifetime risk of up to 85% for BC. (news-medical.net)
BRCA1 mutations also predict worse overall survival compared to patients harboring wild-type BRCA1 tumors. (news-medical.net)

Cyclin-CDK inhibitors (CKIs), such as p16Ink4a, p15Ink4b, p27Kip1, and p21Cip1, are involved in the negative regulation of CDK activities, thus providing a pathway through which the cell cycle is negatively regulated. (kegg.jp)
Down-regulation of EIF5B also increased the sensitivity of HCC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). (techscience.com)

Analysis of senescence-responsive stress fiber proteome reveals reorganization of stress fibers mediated by elongation factor eEF2 in HFF-1 cells. (nih.gov)
Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 (eEF2) is a Potential Biomarker of Prostate Cancer. (nih.gov)

Figure 1: Finding Novel Targets that Reprogram the Immunosuppresive Tumor Microenvironment (TME). (lu.se)

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fenbendazole in enhancing the anti-tumor effect of standard chemotherapy drugs in patients with NB. (fenbenmed.com)
It has been increasingly common in oncology to reposition antiparasitic drugs as anti-tumor agents. (fenbenmed.com)
In particular, flubendazole has shown significant anti-tumor effects in animal models of hematological malignancies, including lymphoma and leukemia. (fenbenmed.com)
Anti-tumor effects of PIM/PI3K/mTOR triple kinase inhibitor IBL-302 in neuroblastoma. (lu.se)
Our research primarily focuses on tumor immunology, with a particular emphasis on understanding the behavior of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) and is dedicated to finding novel targets that reprogram immunosuppressive and pro-metastatic Tumor-Associated Macrophages into an anti-tumor phenotype. (lu.se)
TAMs are plastic cells that exhibit a spectrum of states spanning from an anti-tumor/immunoactivating (sometimes referred to as M1-like) to a pro-tumor/immunosuppressive (sometimes referred to as M2-like) phenotype. (lu.se)

Blocking the translation of TEF-1delta with antisense TEF-1delta mRNA resulted in a significant reversal of the oncogenic potential of cadmium -transformed Balb/c-3T3 cells as evidenced from suppression in anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenesis in nude mice. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore suppression of ROS could inhibit nedaplatin-induced ERK activation in HNE1/DDP cells indicating that ROS and ERK were involved in nedaplatin-induced autophagy. (antiviralbiologic.com)
These TAMs further stimulate activation of cytotoxic T cells that kill tumor cells, resulting in suppression of tumor growth. (lu.se)

The main targets for milbemycin are macrophages (immune cells) and endothelial cells (lining blood vessels). (fenbenmed.com)
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play important roles in cervical cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

Recently, overexpression of DEAD-box helicase 19A (DDX19A) was reported to increase NOX-1-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce migration and invasion of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological type of esophageal cancer in China. (biomedcentral.com)

Differential display analysis of gene expression revealed consistent and reproducible overexpression of a transcript in the transformed cells compared with the nontransformed cells. (cdc.gov)
Although cDNA microarray has been successfully used to explore the gene expression in ESCC, it is difficult to be used in the precursor lesions due to the difficulty to obtain the dysplastic cells accurately. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)

The effects of Shiga toxin 1 and Shiga toxin 2 have been shown to vary with cell type because Gb3 receptors are present in certain tissues, particularly sensory neurons and renal cells. (listlabs.com)

This could explain the overwhelming success of all cells with a cell nucleus, according to researchers at Utrecht University and the Hubrecht Institute. (uu.nl)
In contrast to the prokaryotic bacterial cells, the eukaryotic cells of fungi, plants, and animals all have a nucleus that stores the DNA. (uu.nl)
Cell division in cells with a nucleus: microtubules (red) are pulling the chromosomes (blue) towards both sides of the nucleus. (uu.nl)
Prokaryotic transcription occurs in cytoplasm while eukaryotic transcription occurs in nucleus. (justaaa.com)
As scaffolding molecules, they significantly regulate the DNA packaging into the nucleus of all eukaryotic cells. (aging-us.com)
Eukaryotic cells compact their large genome into highly ordered chromatin structures within the nucleus. (aging-us.com)

High expression of LMNB2 in CRC tumors correlates with worse disease-free cumulative and overall survival, and that knocking out the LMNB2 gene allowed for the development of CRC tumors through a mechanism that involved silencing of p21 expression. (news-medical.net)

Studies with bortezomib (VELCADE, formerly known as PS-341) and other proteasome inhibitors indicate that cancer cells are especially dependent on the proteasome for survival, and several mechanisms used by prostate cancer cells require proteasome function. (aacrjournals.org)
Furthermore our results highlighted a potential approach to restore the level of sensitivity of cisplatin-resistant nasopharyngeal malignancy cells to nedaplatin in combination with autophagy inhibitors. (antiviralbiologic.com)

Despite the limited sequence similarity between these two classes, atypical kinases commonly share the archetypical kinase fold but lack conserved eukaryotic kinase motifs and possess altered hydrophobic spines. (ku.dk)
This multilayered review provides a research framework bridging the eukaryotic and atypical kinase classes. (ku.dk)
Previous experiments in H1355 cells demonstrated that IFN treatment results in an antiapoptotical answer during which EF1A2 is increasingly expressed due to its RAF kinase mediated phosphorylation. (unina.it)

Eukaryotic cells are the building blocks of a vast range of organisms, including all fungi, plants and animals. (analytica-world.com)
Overview of Fungal Infections Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that exist as yeast, molds, or both forms. (msdmanuals.com)
H. capsulatum is a dimorphic fungi that grows as a mold in nature or in culture at room temperature but converts to a small (1 to 5 micrometers in diameter) yeast cell at 37 ° C and during invasion of host cells. (msdmanuals.com)

BIOL 6341 Oncogenes (3 semester credit hours) Properties of cancer cells, in vivo and in vitro. (utdallas.edu)

A particle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heterologous polypeptide has specific binding affinity for a cognate receptor on die surface of an eukaryotic cell, binding to which does not allow infection of the cell by the viral particle. (sumobrain.com)
A particle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heterologous polypeptide sterically hinders binding of d e viral glycoprotein to its cognate receptor on the eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
A particle acording to claim 11 , wherein the protease cleavage site becomes accessible after the heterologous polypeptide has bound to its cognate receptor on the eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
The B polypeptide forms a pentamer that binds to the eukaryotic cell receptor globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). (listlabs.com)
Shiga toxins then enter the cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. (listlabs.com)

Pterygium epithelial cells (PECs) were cultured in keratinocyte serum-free defined medium to examine the expression of IPO13 and K17. (molvis.org)
Importin 13 (IPO13), a member of the importin-β superfamily, was originally identified in the fetal rat lung and differentially expressed in cells of epithelial and mesenchymal origin. (molvis.org)
Androgens are necessary for normal prostate cell growth (1) , and in animal models, androgen ablation causes cell atrophy and death of prostate epithelial cells (2) . (aacrjournals.org)
Likewise, in the early stages of prostate cancer, the growth of cancerous prostatic epithelial cells is often androgen dependent (3) . (aacrjournals.org)
Furthermore, EIF5B knockdown suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype. (techscience.com)
Intro Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is definitely a type of cancer arising from the epithelial cells that collection the nasopharynx. (antiviralbiologic.com)
FOXC1 silencing inhibits the epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition of glioma cells: Involvement of β‑catenin signaling. (cancerindex.org)
A Systematic Review of Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition Factor (MET) and Its Impact in the Development and Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. (lu.se)

We investigated whether atheroprotective unidirectional pulsatile shear stress affects the expression of PDCD4 in endothelial cells. (plos.org)
En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)
However, the action of PDCD4 in endothelial cells is unclear. (plos.org)
Vascular endothelial cells, as a monolayer in direct contact with the flowing blood, bear the most of the wall shear stresses and have important homeostatic functions in response to stress [16] . (plos.org)

MemA is a tumour marker preferentially expressed in human melanoma cell lines. (embl.de)
At that stage, it will be tested in up to 200 patients, divided into four groups of 50, each presenting a type of tumor that does not respond well to standard treatments: melanoma, cervical cancer, lung adenocarcinoma without EGFR gene mutation, and triple-negative breast cancer (without three types of biomarkers). (fapesp.br)

What are the differences in transcription in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? (justaaa.com)
Question:What are the differences in transcription in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? (justaaa.com)
Prokaryotic transcription is polycystronic and eukaryotic transcription is monocistronic. (justaaa.com)

Electron microscopy demonstrated that the CAL 27 cells treated with GEF under AAS culture conditions exhibited swelling of the cytosol and organelles with an increased number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes, but without chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. (spandidos-publications.com)
While canonical histones H3.1 and H3.2 are synthetized and loaded during DNA replication, the histone variant H3.3 is expressed and deposited into the chromatin throughout the cell cycle. (aging-us.com)

Zinc Induces Dendritic Cell Tolerogenic Phenotype and Skews Regulatory T Cell-Th17 Balance. (uc.edu)
We proposed already in 2011 that TAMs of an anti-tumoral phenotype located in the vicinity of tumor vessels (perivascular TAMs) promote vessel normalization that hampers metastatic dissemination. (lu.se)

Next, we used methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) technology for detecting the methylation of GRHL2 in clinical samples with acute leukemia and cell lines. (hindawi.com)
It is involved in cell differentiation, maintenance of cell differentiation state, tumorigenesis, and cell senescence, mainly through DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and RNA-related silencing [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Of these, methylation analyses of circulating tumour DNA have shown promising performance for early HCC detection in at-risk patients. (elsevierpure.com)

The profiling of genetic and epigenetic alterations in circulating cell-free DNA has potential clinical applications including early disease detection, prediction of treatment response and prognostication in real time. (elsevierpure.com)
Traditional polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are the product of normal B cell development and genetic recombination. (cellsignal.com)

The molecular mechanisms potentially responsible for cadmium -induced cell transformation and tumorigenesis were investigated using Balb/c-3T3 cells transformed with cadmium chloride. (cdc.gov)
Cells use a number of mechanisms to sense and maintain their homeostatic levels. (spandidos-publications.com)
Several mechanisms have been proposed to account for the development of androgen independence in prostate cancer cells (4) . (aacrjournals.org)
Although the precise underlying mechanisms of AMD are not fully understood, numerous lines of evidence have indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to the etiology of RPE cell damage and neovascularization formation ( 5 - 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
NADPH oxidase 1 ( NOX1 ), located on the X chromosome, is reported to be involved in a variety of pathogenic mechanisms including vascular disease, tumor angiogenesis, and fibrosis [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, expression patterns of the NOX1 gene in cervical cancer and adjacent tissues and its tumor-promoting mechanisms remain to be established. (biomedcentral.com)
Given the considerable stability of the nucleosome, eukaryotic cells employ a staggering array of interconnected molecular mechanisms that locally modify the electrostatic interaction between the highly basic histones and the negatively charged DNA molecules. (aging-us.com)

Autophagy is essential for survival differentiation development and homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. (antiviralbiologic.com)
In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)

In the HCC cells, activation of the NF-kappa B signaling pathway and IkB phosphorylation was significantly reduced by EIF5B silencing. (techscience.com)

Kinases are attractive anticancer targets due to their central role in the growth, survival, and therapy resistance of tumor cells. (ku.dk)
Since autophagy is definitely substantially triggered in malignancy cells it may involve in drug resistance by facilitating malignancy cell survival during metabolic tensions caused by anticancer providers [13]. (antiviralbiologic.com)

NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) gene-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) could induce migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Immunofluorescence staining of CD31+ vessels (red), CD68+ TAMs (green) and DAPI stained cell nuclei (grey) in ER+ BC. (lu.se)

Eukaryotic cells respond to DNA damage by activating signaling pathways that promote cell cycle arrest and DNA repair. (kegg.jp)
Her research is focused on understanding how cells respond to DNA damage and safeguard the integrity of the genome. (mdanderson.org)

Cancer has been in existence on Earth even before the appearance of man, as evidenced by paleontological findings of tumors in animals ( 1 , 2 ). (jcancer.org)
Although the LAT family plays important roles in the development and function of normal tissues, they are frequently increased in cancer cells ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Sensitive ADAR editing reporter in cancer cells enables high-throughput screening of small molecule libraries. (cancerindex.org)
Stably introduced into cancer cell lines, the system reports on elevated endogenous ADAR1 editing activity induced by interferon as well as knockdown of ADAR1 and ADAR2. (cancerindex.org)
Bortezomib has been studied extensively in vitro and in vivo , and anticancer activity has been seen in cell and animal models for several solid tumor types, including prostate cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
i.e ., radiation or chemotherapy) provide temporary palliation, but eventually prostate cancer cells become resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, with ensuing failure to control tumor growth. (aacrjournals.org)
Furthermore, cancer cells undergoing EMT phenotypic changes also acquire drug resistance [ 7 ]. (techscience.com)
A subset of cancer cells undergoing EMT acquire characteristics of stem cells and are designated as cancer stem cells (CSCs) [ 8 ]. (techscience.com)
Acquired resistance to antitumor medicines is a major cause of tumor relapse and cancer-related mortality. (antiviralbiologic.com)
Defects in the ability of cells to properly respond to and repair DNA damage result in genomic instability and underlie many forms of cancer. (mdanderson.org)
Cervical cancer, a heterogeneous tumor type, is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. (biomedcentral.com)
The Program in Tumor Virology seeks to increase understanding of the roles played by oncogenic viruses in tumor development, thus stimulating novel approaches to prevention, diagnosis, treatment and cures for cancer. (lsuhs.edu)
Liquid Biopsy from research to clinical practice: focus on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. (cdc.gov)
Utility of comprehensive genomic profiling in directing treatment and improving patient outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
High-risk types (e.g., types 16 and 18) can cause low-grade cervical cell abnormalities, high-grade cervical cell abnormalities that are precursors to cancer, and cancers ( 5 - 7 ). (cdc.gov)

Thus, when topoisomerase I inhibition occurs with agents such as SN-38 in cell lines, the cells compensate by increasing expression of topoisomerase II and vice versa. (cancernetwork.com)
Initial infection occurs in the lungs and usually remains there but may spread hematogenously to other organs if it is not controlled by normal cell-mediated host defenses. (msdmanuals.com)

Conversely it can PlGF-2 be tumor-promoting in founded cancers [12]. (antiviralbiologic.com)
The group studies herpesviruses such as cytomegalovirus and the Epstein Barr Virus, which is causally associated with lymphomas, gastric carcinomas, and head and neck cancers, as well as small DNA tumor viruses such as polyoma and human papilloma viruses, which are responsible for cervical and anogenital cancers and head and neck cancers. (lsuhs.edu)

In the present study, we investigated the expression profile and prognostic potential of EIF5B in HCC tissues and cell lines. (techscience.com)

Autophagic cell death was excluded as the inhibition of autophagy did not attenuate the cytotoxicity. (spandidos-publications.com)
Macroautophagy (thereafter designated as autophagy) is a self-digestive system conserved in all eukaryotic cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
of nedaplatin in HNE1/DDP and CNE2/DDP cells suggesting that the resistance to TCS 5861528 nedaplatin-induced cell death was caused by enhanced autophagy in TCS 5861528 nedaplatin-resistant NPC cells. (antiviralbiologic.com)
Collectively these findings suggested that autophagy played a cytoprotective part in nedaplatin-induced cytotoxicity of HNE1/DDP and CNE2/DDP cells. (antiviralbiologic.com)
For instance upregulation of autophagy resulted in resensitization of H460/cis cells (cisplatin-resistant lung malignancy cells) to cisplatin-induced cell death [14]. (antiviralbiologic.com)
However conflicting evidence showed that inhibition of autophagy resensitized SKOV3/DDP cells (cisplatin-resistant ovarian malignancy cells) to cisplatin [15]. (antiviralbiologic.com)
Nevertheless it is still unclear whether autophagy is definitely involved in nedaplatin-induced cell death in cisplatin-resistant NPC cells. (antiviralbiologic.com)
In the mean time autophagy was induced in HNE1/DDP cells and CNE2/DDP after they were exposed to nedaplatin. (antiviralbiologic.com)

Therefore, EMT-targeted therapy is necessary to effectively overcome tumor drug resistance and recurrence. (techscience.com)

The kinetochore in every eukaryotic cell on Earth has a complex structure, while prokaryotic cells don't have a kinetochore. (uu.nl)

Milbemycin inhibits lipid IIA biosynthesis in target cells, preventing the formation of the cell membrane phospholipid bilayer needed for normal cellular function. (fenbenmed.com)
The Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology group aims at engineering biomolecules and cells for the benefit of mankind. (syntbio.net)

Oxygen sensing across eukaryotic kingdoms and their roles in complex multicellularity. (lu.se)

Expression of NOX1 in tumor and adjacent normal tissues for each tumor type was calculated using R language software and significant differences were analyzed. (biomedcentral.com)

3) How does the cell protect genome stability in response to DNA replication stress? (mdanderson.org)

Precise activation and inactivation of CDKs at specific points in the cell cycle are required for orderly cell division. (kegg.jp)
Surprisingly, in V. cholerae cell cultures, both sulfide and peroxide treatment downregulate HlyU-dependent transcriptional activation of hlyA. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy22

Organisms17

Diseases46

Chemicals and Drugs68

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment39

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care3

Proliferation22

Suppressor12

Apoptosis9

Signal transduction5

Solid tumors3

Almost all eukaryotic cells1

Necrosis factor5

Progression15

Types of tumors2

Initiation6

Protein23

Metastasis4

Proteins9

Genes3

Biology3

Malignant5

Therapeutic3

Animal tumor2

Several tumor1

BRCA13

Regulation2

Elongation2

Microenvironment1

Anti-tumor6

Suppression3

Macrophages2

Squamous Cell Carc2

Gene expression3

Renal1

Nucleus6

Correlates1

Inhibitors2

Kinase3

Fungi3

Oncogenes1

Receptor5

Epithelial8

Endothelial cells4

Melanoma2

Transcription3

Chromatin2

Phenotype2

Methylation3

Genetic2

Mechanisms7

Differentiation2

Signaling pathway1

Survival2

Invasion1

TAMs1

Respond to DNA damage2

Cancer15

Occurs2

Cancers2

Prognostic1

Autophagy8

Resistance1

Prokaryotic1

Cellular2

Roles1

Tissues1

Genome1

Activation2