Tumor cell surface antigens. Medical search. Frequent questions

This occurs because each T cell is endowed with a highly specific receptor that can bind to an antigen present at the surface of another cell. (wikipedia.org)
The T cell receptor binds to a complex formed by a surface protein named "MHC" (major histocompatibility complex) and a small peptide of about 9 amino-acids, which is located in a groove of the MHC molecule. (wikipedia.org)
There a process named central tolerance eliminates the T cells that have a receptor recognizing an antigen present on normal cells of the organism. (wikipedia.org)
On their surface, these special white blood cells carry a receptor that recognizes antigens . (news-medical.net)
With the help of cryo-electron microscopy, biochemists and structural biologists from Goethe University Frankfurt, in collaboration the University of Oxford and the Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, were able to visualize the whole T-cell receptor complex with bound antigen at atomic resolution for the first time. (news-medical.net)
They carry a special receptor called the T-cell receptor on their surface that recognizes antigens - small protein fragments of bacteria, viruses and infected or cancerous body cells - which are presented by specialized immune complexes. (news-medical.net)
After binding of a suitable antigen to the receptor, a signaling pathway is triggered inside the T cell that 'arms' the cell for the respective task. (news-medical.net)
However, how this signaling pathway is activated has remained a mystery until now - despite the fact that the T-cell receptor is one of the most extensively studied receptor protein complexes. (news-medical.net)
This mechanism was so far assumed to also pertain to the T-cell receptor. (news-medical.net)
Researchers led by Lukas Sušac, Christoph Thomas, and Robert Tampé from the Institute of Biochemistry at Goethe University Frankfurt, in collaboration with Simon Davis from the University of Oxford and Gerhard Hummer from the Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, have now succeeded for the first time in visualizing the structure of a membrane-bound T-cell receptor complex with bound antigen. (news-medical.net)
A comparison of the antigen-bound structure captured using cryo-electron microscopy with that of a receptor without antigen provides the first clues to the activation mechanism. (news-medical.net)
For the structural analysis, the researchers chose a T-cell receptor used in immunotherapy to treat melanoma and which had been optimized for this purpose in several steps in such a way that it binds its antigen as tightly as possible. (news-medical.net)
A particular challenge on the way to structure determination was to isolate the whole antigen receptor assembly consisting of eleven different subunits from the cell membrane. (news-medical.net)
Once they had successfully achieved this, the researchers used a trick to fish those receptors out of the preparation that had survived the process and were still functional: due to the strong interaction between the receptor complex and the antigen, they were able to 'fish' one of the most medically important immune receptor complexes. (news-medical.net)
The subsequent images collected at the cryo-electron microscope delivered groundbreaking insights into how the T-cell receptor works, as Tampé summarises: 'On the basis of our structural analysis, we were able to show how the T-cell receptor assembles and recognizes antigens and hypothesize how signal transduction is triggered after antigen binding. (news-medical.net)
The co-receptor CD8 is known to approach the T-cell receptor after antigen binding and to stimulate the transfer of phosphate groups to its intracellular part. (news-medical.net)
If these phosphatases are missing, the phosphate groups remain stable at the T-cell receptor and can trigger the next step of the signaling cascade. (news-medical.net)
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells - CAR-T cells, for short - are an innovative development in the field of oncology, contributing to the emergence of immunotherapy as the fourth pillar of cancer treatment , particularly for patients with late-stage or rare forms of cancer. (corning.com)
CAR-T cells are made using a patient's T-cells , which are harvested through apheresis and built up in a laboratory through the addition of a chimeric antigen receptor. (corning.com)
Genetically engineered T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) are rapidly emerging a promising new treatment for haematological and non-haematological malignancies. (nature.com)
The T cell receptor-modified T cells (TCR-T cells) are then able to detect and efficiently kill tumor cells. (medigene.com)
[ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)
CAR-T treatment involves the infusion of transgenic T-cells that express a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) on their cell membrane into the patient. (tufts.edu)
The CAR-T receptor of the transgenic T-cell contains three domains: (1) a target-binding domain externally exposed to the extracellular environment, (2) a transmembrane domain, and (3) an activation domain that is intracellularly contained. (tufts.edu)
The transmembrane and activation domains of the CAR-T receptor are responsible for activating and triggering T-cell proliferation when the receptor binds to its target antigen. (tufts.edu)
When activated, the T-cells mediate killing of tumor cells by two mechanisms: (1) secretion of granzymes and (2) activation of death receptor signaling in the tumor cell. (tufts.edu)
In this approach, immune cells (known as T cells) are taken from a single human donor and genetically modified in the laboratory to express a receptor that recognizes B cells. (upenn.edu)
This type of treatment is known as adoptive immunotherapy and the cells that are infused into the patients are known as universal chimeric antigen receptor T cells (UCAR T cells). (upenn.edu)
We therfore engineered NKT cells to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) on their surface so that they directly kill NB tumor cells. (texaschildrens.org)
Finally, we showed the sE-cadherin/KLRG1 inhibitory receptor is the major pathway for necroptosis-mediated suppression of the anti-tumor activity of T cells and the promotion of metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
It is a bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody against CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and GPRC5D (human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D), a tumor-associated antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. (medscape.com)
Quizartinib and its active metabolite (AC886) inhibit FLT3 kinase activity, preventing autophosphorylation of the receptor, thereby inhibiting downstream FLT3 receptor signaling and blocking FLT3-ITD-dependent cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
Contains the 5' end of the gene KIAA1637, an RPL13 (60S ribosomal protein L13) pseudogene, the TNFRSF5 gene for tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5, ESTs, STSs, GSSs and two CpG islands. (lu.se)
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 precursor (CD40L receptor) (B-cell surface antigen CD40) (CDw40) (Bp50). (lu.se)
Trastuzumab is designed to attach to an antigen called human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). (who.int)
Receptor tyrosine kinases transmit signals from the cell surface into the cell through a process called signal transduction. (medlineplus.gov)
Although the specific function of ALK receptor tyrosine kinase is unknown, it is thought to act early in development to help regulate the proliferation of nerve cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutated or overexpressed ALK receptor tyrosine kinase no longer requires stimulation from outside the cell to be phosphorylated. (medlineplus.gov)
Constitutive activation of ALK receptor tyrosine kinase may increase the proliferation of immature nerve cells, leading to neuroblastoma. (medlineplus.gov)

While GB tumors are frequently infiltrated by natural killer (NK) cells, these are actively suppressed by the GB cells and the GB tumor microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
Nevertheless, the composition of the immunologic tumor microenvironment undergoes changes upon radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or even after anti-angiogenic therapy ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
It has been suggested that tumor necroptosis affects tumor progression through modulating the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
Ongoing studies have identified novel, and potentially targetable immune cell entities in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting myeloid cell (TAN and TAM) metabolic polarization into a pro-malignant state. (lu.se)
However, target identification warrants a better understanding of the surfaceome and how it is modulated by the tumor microenvironment. (lu.se)

All sera had high titers of antibodies of the IgM isotype against SGPG (titers over 1:3,200), especially in tumors such as meningiomas, germinomas, orbital tumors, glioblastomas, medulloblastomas, and subependymomas. (karger.com)
Antibodies attach themselves to the antigens on the surface of cancerous cells. (wikipedia.org)
In an early study, they fused mouse myeloma and spleen cells from an immunized donor to produce cell lines that secreted anti-sheep red blood cell antibodies. (labmanager.com)
They] can work by recruiting immune elements, delivering toxins, producing CAR-T cells, or as bispecific antibodies that recruit T or NK cells to kill the cancer cells. (labmanager.com)
Despite their efficiency, adoptive T-cell therapies show unique toxicities, which are distinct from those seen with conventional chemotherapies, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), and small-molecule-targeted therapies. (nature.com)
Expose the body to harmless fragments (antigens) from disease-causing viruses or bacteria and our immune system will produce antibodies and white blood cells (T cells) to attack what it recognises as foreign material. (newstatesman.com)
Arlen M, Arlen P, Tsang A, Wang X, Gupta R. The Therapeutic Value of Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Immunogenic Tumor Glycoproteins. (jcancer.org)
Monoclonal antibodies developed against immunogenic proteins (Tumor Specific Antigens/TSA's) that are expressed in human cancers, display a unique behavioral pattern. (jcancer.org)
It is required by FDA that the potential effects of tumor control and toxicity be defined using the naked antibodies produced under GMP conditions, In those situations where patients with recurrent malignancies are to be studied we have come to realize that a number of factors can influence the response to monoclonal therapy. (jcancer.org)
Host Response to Tumors The immune response to foreign antigens consists of Humoral mechanisms (eg, antibodies) Cellular mechanisms (See also Tumor Antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
Antibody therapies, an important class of immunotherapies, involve the binding to specific antigens on the surface of the tumour cells of antibodies that activate natural killer (NK) cells to kill the tu- mour cells. (ebi.ac.uk)
Numerical simulations generated using experimentally-based parameter estimates reveal that the system evolves on two timescales: a fast timescale on which antibodies bind to receptors on the surface of the tumour cells, and NK cells form complexes with the cancer cells, and a longer time-scale on which the NK cells kill the cancer cells. (ebi.ac.uk)
Blocking the interaction of the immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death protein-1 and its ligand, PD-L1, using specific antibodies has been a major breakthrough for immune oncology. (snmjournals.org)
Research on detection methods included voided urine flow cytometry, evaluation of DNA flow cytometry, use of the epithelial surface marker epithelial membrane antigen, use of monoclonal antibodies for the detection of exfoliated bladder cancer cells, and acetylation phenotypes. (cdc.gov)
Monoclonal antibodies attach to specific proteins or antigens. (who.int)

mAbs are used to target and bind tumor cells expressing cancer-specific antigens and induce cell death. (labmanager.com)
Medigene's high-throughput screening technology identified ten peptides as immunogenic and able to induce specific T cell responses. (medigene.com)
We identified the HLA-A2 restricted T cell epitopes from MAGE-A3 that could effectively induce the activation and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells using artificial APC in vitro . (thno.org)
Monoclonals that we were able to develop from tumor specific proteins derived from colon and pancreas cancer were found capable of targeting those tumors to induce apoptosis. (jcancer.org)
Enforced expression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 (PIB) was sufficient to induce the cDC1 phenotype in 36 cell lines derived from human and mouse hematological and solid tumors. (lu.se)
It is hoped that these cells will kill your dog's B cells, reduce tumor burden and induce clinical remission. (upenn.edu)
CD326 functions as a homotypic calcium-independent cell adhesion molecule and is believed to be involved in carcinogenesis by its ability to induce genes involved in cellular metabolism and proliferation. (biolegend.com)
By using direct reprogramming strategies, I could induce the expression of tumor antigens on the surface of cancer cells, making them visible to the immune system again. (lu.se)
We focused particularly on harnessing reprogramming, or direct cellular reprogramming, to induce antigen presentation in cancer cells. (lu.se)
Direct reprogramming strategies with cDC1-specific factors can induce antigen-presentation in cancer cells, making cancer cells visible to the immune system and easier to fight. (lu.se)

It has long been debated whether cancer cells were bearing "tumor-specific" antigens, absent from normal cells, which could in principle cause the elimination of the tumor by the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
It is now proven that tumor-specific antigens exist and that patients mount spontaneous T cell responses against such antigens. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic processes other than point mutations can lead to tumor-specific antigens. (wikipedia.org)
In cancer patients, about one half of the highly tumor-specific antigens recognized by spontaneous T cell responses are encoded by mutated genes, the other half being encoded by cancer-germline genes. (wikipedia.org)
Cancer-germline genes are an important source of tumor-specific antigens. (wikipedia.org)
Medigene AG (Medigene, FSE: MDG1, Prime Standard), a clinical stage immuno-oncology company focusing on the development of T cell immunotherapies, today presents the screening and identification of novel immunogenic tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) derived from non-coding regions of the human genome at the American Association for Cancer Research Virtual Annual Meeting (AACR) 2021. (medigene.com)
Mabs capable of targeting the malignancies noted above were produced following immunization of BALBc mice with the Tumor Specific Antigens. (jcancer.org)
Tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) are unique to tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
For the vaccine to target the tumor, you need to know: What distinguishes tumor tissue from healthy tissue - in other words, which specific antigens are found on the cancer? (mpg.de)

Antigenic peptides derived from the encoded proteins are therefore presented on the surface of tumor cells and not on normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
Monoclonals can be used directly to bind to surface proteins on cancer cells to kill or inhibit their growth," explains Dr. Moran. (labmanager.com)
In this respect, not only known proteins but also non-coding genetic regions of cells are studied as sources of peptides that can be presented by HLA molecules at the surface of tumor cells and be recognized by T cell receptors (TCRs). (medigene.com)
Instead, CAR-T recognizes antigens that are either proteins, carbohydrates, or gangliosides on the tumor cell surface. (tufts.edu)
These age-related immunological changes resemble those seen during treated HIV-1 infection and include high levels of soluble inflammatory proteins, high levels of monocyte and T cell activation, T cell exhaustion and senescence, and low levels of naïve T cells ( 14 - 25 ). (frontiersin.org)
This includes the early recognition of these immunogenic membrane proteins that can serve as diagnostic markers, and the targeting of such markers for the destruction of the tumor, primarily thru ADCC. (jcancer.org)
The monoclonals (mAbs) that we have developed against specific immunogenic tumor membrane proteins have been studied in detail. (jcancer.org)
These tumor proteins, when first defined, were referred to as tumor associated antigens. (jcancer.org)
We will also look at the combination of mAbs with immunostimulants such as GMCSF and IL-2 (fusion proteins) and eventual conjugation of the mAbs with alpha and possibly B -emitters to help in targeting bystander cells. (jcancer.org)
MLKL activation also leads to the protease, ADAMs-mediated ectodomain shedding of cell surface proteins of necroptotic cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we report that the ectodomain shedding of cell surface proteins of necroptotic cells is critical for the promoting effect of tumor necroptosis in tumor metastasis through inhibiting the anti-tumor activity of T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, the levels of some soluble cell surface proteins including sE-cadherin that are known to promote metastasis are also dramatically reduced in MLKL null tumors/mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Administration of ADAMs pan inhibitor reduces the levels of soluble cell surface proteins in WT tumors/mice and leads to the dramatic decrease in metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
However, cDC1 can be compromised in cancer patients and some cancer cells lack these antigen-presenting proteins on their surface, impacting immunotherapy response. (lu.se)
We provide a quantitative ranking of more than 600 surface resident and endocytosed proteins, and their regulation by hypoxia, serving as a resource to the cancer research community. (lu.se)

We used the minimal gene regulatory network of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) to reprogram cancer cells into professional antigen-presenting cells (tumor-APCs). (lu.se)

3D multicellular tumor spheroids are a type of 3D cell culture models, which have been shown to more accurately mimic in vivo solid tumor biology. (corning.com)
The demonstration by Medigene of the immunogenicity of these solid tumor TSAs is an important milestone in the development of new TSA-based immunotherapies. (medigene.com)
In addition, Medigene is establishing a pipeline of TCRs and has collaborations with bluebird bio, Inc. and Cytovant Sciences HK Ltd. addressing solid tumor indications. (medigene.com)
A breast ultrasound is most often done to find out if a problem found by a mammogram or physical exam of the breast may be a cyst filled with fluid or a solid tumor . (knowbreastcancer.org)
IMT is a rare cancer characterized by a solid tumor composed of inflammatory cells and cells called myofibroblasts that are important in wound healing. (medlineplus.gov)

This peptide can originate from a protein that remains within the cell (Fig. 1). (wikipedia.org)
The L19 antibody is specific to the Extra Domain B of Fibronectin, a protein expressed in tumors (and other diseases) but absent in most healthy tissues. (tmcnet.com)
An anticancer drug is coupled to an antibody that targets a specific tumor antigen (or protein ) that, ideally, is only found in or on tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
Trastuzumab (Herceptin), for example, targets the HER2 protein on the surface of breast and stomach cells. (labmanager.com)
Compared with CAR-T cells, CAR exosomes do not express Programmed cell Death protein 1 (PD1), and their antitumour effect cannot be weakened by recombinant PD-L1 treatment. (nature.com)
Differential diagnoses include cryoglobulinemia, warfarin-induced necrosis, purpura fulminans, emboli to the skin, thrombocythemia, protein C deficiency, Sneddon syndrome, and skin ulcers in patients with sickle cell anemia or hemolytic anemia. (medscape.com)
Targeting of the fibroblast activation protein is currently being explored for different tumor entities using PET imaging with the fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) 68 Ga-FAPI-04, and the first therapeutic applications of 90 Y-FAPI-04 have been applied. (snmjournals.org)
Next, they link up the cancerous cell with a protein molecule which makes it easier for the immune system to recognize the tumor-specific marker as foreign or undesirable. (singularityhub.com)
We demonstrated that the pro-apoptotic protein Bax can be presented by this pathway in cancer cells (7). (cardiff.ac.uk)
The tumor-fighting T cells detect a protein called an antigen on the cancer cells' surface that triggers the attack. (stjude.org)
This cell surface glycosylated 40 kD protein is highly expressed in bone marrow, colon, lung, and most normal epithelial cells and is expressed on carcinomas of gastrointestinal origin. (biolegend.com)
It is due to a heterozygous deletion on chromosome 19 that encodes a functional chimeric protein (DNAJB1-PRKACA) and characterized by being less aggressive with a normal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) tumour marker and a female predominance [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Whole-body PD-L1 expression PET imaging may potentially allow for a better prediction of response to programmed cell death protein-1-targeted therapies. (snmjournals.org)
The activated kinase is able to transfer a phosphate group to another protein inside the cell, which is activated as a result. (medlineplus.gov)
As proof-of-concept, the established target antigen CD44 was identified as a commonly and abundantly expressed surface protein with high endocytic activity. (lu.se)

One arm of the antibody binds to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a glycoprotein that is expressed on the cell surface of a wide variety of tumor types. (genengnews.com)
The other antibody arm binds to T cells that kill the cancer cells. (genengnews.com)
Elranatamab is an antibody that binds to both CD3 on T-cells and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), which are expressed on the surface of multiple myeloma cells. (medscape.com)
When [BT-ON014 trade name] binds to HER2 it stops the growth of such cells and causes them to die. (who.int)

Nidlegy™ is currently being investigated in two Phase III clinical trials for the treatment of locally advanced melanoma, and in Phase II clinical trials for the treatment of High-Risk Basal Cell Carcinoma and other non-melanoma skin cancers. (tmcnet.com)
In contrast to other cancers such as adenocarcinomas of the lung or melanoma, primary brain tumors like GB and low grade gliomas (LGG) are known as rather immunologically "cold" tumors, typically with low numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ( 4 ), and the mere amount of TILs is not associated with patient survival ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Adoptive cell therapy using engineered T-cell receptors (TCRs) targeting cancer-testis antigens, such as Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3), is a potential approach for the treatment of NSCLC. (thno.org)
Injection of in vitro generated melanoma-derived tumor-APCs into subcutaneous melanoma tumors delayed tumor growth and increased survival in mice. (lu.se)
Now, a team led by researchers from Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute has identified a gene expression pattern that human melanoma cells use to resist immunotherapy, and demonstrated a combination therapy approach that could overcome this resistance. (dana-farber.org)
Using single-cell RNA sequencing data, the researchers analyzed thousands of melanoma cells from more than 30 melanoma patients, half of which had exhibited resistance to immunotherapies. (dana-farber.org)
By measuring the levels of this "resistance program," the team could predict how tumors would respond to treatment in larger independent cohorts of melanoma patients. (dana-farber.org)
Once the researchers understood this molecular strategy, they began exploring ways to suppress it and sensitize melanoma tumor cells to immunotherapy. (dana-farber.org)
In a mouse model of extremely immunotherapy-resistant melanoma - which expressed the newly discovered resistance program at high levels - the CDK4/6 inhibitors dramatically improved responses to immunotherapy, and the combination approach significantly slowed or eradicated tumors in roughly half the mice. (dana-farber.org)
The presence of cross-presenting CD206+ TAM is associated with reduced tumor burden in mouse syngeneic tumor models and with improved overall survival in cutaneous melanoma patients. (jci.org)
The cause of oral melanoma or melanoma of any mucosal surface remains unknown, and the incidence has remained stable for more than 25 years. (medscape.com)

Sulfated glucuronosyl glycosphingolipids (SGGLs) are cell surface molecules that are endowed with the Human Natural Killer-1 (HNK-1) carbohydrate epitope. (karger.com)
A class of genes, named cancer-germline genes, is expressed in a large variety of cancer cells but not in normal cells, with the exception of germline cells, which do not carry MHC molecules on their surface and therefore do not present the antigens. (wikipedia.org)
The CAR-containing exosomes express a high level of cytotoxic molecules and inhibit tumour growth. (nature.com)
Under a collaboration agreement with IRICoR and the Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) of the Université de Montréal, Canada, Medigene gained access to 47 potential TSAs presented by one of five common HLA types that were identified as novel peptides eluted from the HLA molecules of tumor cells. (medigene.com)
Reprogramming restored the expression of antigen presentation complexes and costimulatory molecules on the surfaces of tumor cells, allowing the. (lu.se)
TSAs and TAAs typically are portions of intracellular molecules expressed on the cell surface as part of the major histocompatibility complex. (msdmanuals.com)
Preclinical assessment of molecules that may cause antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) involves co-culturing cancer cells, NK cells and antibody in vitro for several hours and measuring subsequent levels of tumour cell lysis. (ebi.ac.uk)

Whereas each T cell recognizes a single antigen, collectively the T cells are endowed with a large diversity of receptors targeted at a wide variety of antigens. (wikipedia.org)
Many surface receptors relay signals into the interior of the cell by changing their spatial structure after ligand binding. (news-medical.net)
NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
TCR-T technology arms a patient's own T cells with tumor-specific T cell receptors. (medigene.com)
The target-binding domain is engineered to be structurally different than endogenous T-cell receptors because it recognizes antigens that are independent of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. (tufts.edu)
These killing strategies are potentiated by additional signaling receptors on the T-cells that can improve T-cell proliferation and cytokine release. (tufts.edu)
To solve this problem, the biopharmaceutical Celyad is developing a CAR-T that expresses Natural Killer Receptors (NKR) that can bind ligands of solid tumors. (tufts.edu)
Approximately 70% of all breast cancers are considered HR positive, HER2 negative, meaning tumors test positive for estrogen and/or progesterone hormone receptors and negative for HER2. (biospace.com)

Age-related clonal hematopoiesis and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis/chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a new association? (haematologica.org)
Dr. Fox explains this process: "We receive the antigen from the person who wishes to develop a monoclonal antibody. (labmanager.com)
Supernatant [fluid] is taken from the hybridomas, and the investigator screens for the monoclonal antibody of interest that will recognize a specific antigen and is appropriate for their application. (labmanager.com)
Tositumomab is used in the treatment of some B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas and is an example of a monoclonal antibody used to deliver toxins, as some of the antibody delivers a linked radioactive substance to the B-cells. (labmanager.com)

We have also demonstrated that NKTs destroy tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are cells that support the growth and survival of NBs. (texaschildrens.org)

Mutated genes contribute greatly to the immunogenicity of human tumors. (wikipedia.org)
The contribution of these antigens to tumor immunogenicity is expected to vary according to the mutation rate: higher in lung carcinomas arising in tobacco smokers, in melanomas owing to mutations induced by UV and in the 15% of colorectal carcinomas that have hypermutated DNA owing to defects in the DNA mismatch repair pathway. (wikipedia.org)
As such we plan to eventually employ the therapeutic mAbs in combination with chemotherapy as a means of enhancing the immunogenicity of the tumor system being treated and to possibly weaken the malignant growth for easier destruction by the mAb. (jcancer.org)

At the moment, the therapy is most effective against hematological (blood) cancers but not solid tumors. (tufts.edu)
The finding is important because patients treated with immunotherapies against cancers are often non-responsive or experience a relapse of their disease, and it has been suggested that these challenges may be due to T cell exhaustion. (stjude.org)
Our study has found that bowel cancers have a way of dodging even the newest of immunotherapies-changing their spots by altering the levels of a key molecule on the surface of cells, so that they become harder to recognize. (genengnews.com)
This is a new cell-based treatment for dogs with B cell cancers such as B cell lymphoma and B cell leukemia. (upenn.edu)
The CAR approach has shown promising results in people with blood cancers such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), however, this is the first time that human CAR T cells will be used in canine patients. (upenn.edu)
The purpose of this study is to determine the safety, persistence and effectiveness of B cell specific UCART cells to target and kill B cells in dogs with B cell cancers. (upenn.edu)
Most patients carry a missing or damaged p53 gene, a tumor suppressor whose activity is impaired in almost 50% of all cancers. (nature.com)
For each cancer discussed in the first part of our overview, as well as in Part II, which will deal with more common cancers, we briefly cover the tumor biology, how targeting was achieved, the introduction of immune modulation or immune-conjugates, and the impact these therapies are having in the disease. (cancernetwork.com)
The situation with solid tumors is considerably more complex, and the evolution of targeted therapies for these cancers is still in its infancy. (cancernetwork.com)
In many solid cancers, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) represent the predominant myeloid cell population. (jci.org)
Neuroblastoma and other cancers occur when a buildup of genetic mutations in critical genes-those that control cell proliferation or differentiation-allows cells to grow and divide uncontrollably to form a tumor. (medlineplus.gov)

In addition, we have analyzed serum antibody titers against SGPG, GD3, and OAc-GD3 in patients with neural tumors by ELISA and HPTLC immunostaining. (karger.com)
The biochemical reaction that occurs upon attaching triggers a signal in the tumor cell, which then absorbs, or internalizes, the antibody together with the linked cytotoxin. (wikipedia.org)
In July 2018, Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited and Glycotope GmbH have inked a pact regarding the combination of Glycotope's investigational tumor-associated TA-MUC1 antibody gatipotuzumab and Daiichi Sankyo's proprietary ADC technology for developing gatipotuzumab antibody drug conjugate. (wikipedia.org)
Once there is sufficient antibody titer in the serum, the spleen is removed to create hybridomas by fusing spleen cells with a cell line. (labmanager.com)
In vivo antibody depletion revealed a CD8 T-cell-dependent, and not NK cell-dependent mechanism of tumor growth inhibition after treatment with rapamycin and PD-L1 mAb, ruling out significant effects from NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. (aacrjournals.org)
and 177 Lu-lilotomab, a CD37 antibody for the treatment of B-cell lymphomas, are being highlighted. (snmjournals.org)
Cibisatamab (CEA-TCB) is a novel bispecific antibody immunotherapy that effectively brings the cancer cells and cancer-killing T cells of the immune system together. (genengnews.com)
Created by COPASI 4.26 (Build 213) This model is described in the article: A mathematical model of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) F. Hoffman, D. Gavaghan, J. Osborne, I.P. Barrett, T. You, H. Ghadially, R. Sainson, R.W. Wilkinson, H.M. Byrne Journal of Theoretical Biology 436 (2018) 39-50 Abstract: Immunotherapies exploit the immune system to target and kill cancer cells, while sparing healthy tis- sue. (ebi.ac.uk)
Here we develop a mathematical model of such an in vitro ADCC assay, formulated as a system of time-dependent ordinary differential equations and in which NK cells kill cancer cells at a rate which depends on the amount of antibody bound to each cancer cell. (ebi.ac.uk)
Our results show how the processes involved in ADCC change as the initial concentration of antibody and NK-cancer cell ratio are varied. (ebi.ac.uk)
Immunotherapies with antibody-drug-conjugates (ADC) and CAR-T cells, targeted at tumor surface antigens (surfaceome), currently revolutionize clinical oncology. (lu.se)

The study used Corning ® Spheroid Microplates - which enable faster, more reliable creation of 3D multicellular tumor spheroids - to quantify the cytotoxic effects of CAR-T cells on tumor cells grown as spheroids. (corning.com)
In vivo , CWO induced transcriptional changes in immune-related genes, resulting in cytotoxic T cell-dependent tumor regression. (biorxiv.org)
Antigen (Ag) cross-presentation leading to tumor Ag-directed cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses is crucial for antitumor immunity. (jci.org)
This results in cross-linking of T-cells and myeloma cells and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against BCMA-expressing cells. (medscape.com)

Some genes are expressed by tumor cells and not by normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
The transformed cells often express permanently some viral genes. (wikipedia.org)
These genes are expressed in a significant fraction of tumors of many different histological types. (wikipedia.org)
Other genes expressed in this program include those that cause cells to unduly proliferate. (dana-farber.org)

For patients with B-cell malignancies, CAR-T therapy has shown the possibility of achieving complete remission. (corning.com)

Studies have shown that spheroids can show more resistance to chemotherapy than 2D monolayer cell cultures. (corning.com)
[1] Unlike chemotherapy , ADCs are intended to target and kill tumor cells while sparing healthy cells. (wikipedia.org)
Most of these vaccines will probably be used in combination with radiation and chemotherapy, as is currently the case in Phase III trials (the vaccine cleans up residual cancer cells following an initial chemo treatment). (singularityhub.com)
In preclinical model systems studying viral infections or tumors, the researchers found that a chemotherapy drug already in use can reverse that exhaustion. (stjude.org)
However, when researchers treated mice that had tumors with the chemotherapy drug decitabine, their T cells showed properties indicating enhancement. (stjude.org)
Your dog will receive chemotherapy prior to infusion and then will receive a single dose of UCART-20 cells that will be infused into your dog by an intravenous infusion (into a vein). (upenn.edu)
Results showed that adding quizartinib to standard chemotherapy with or without allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, followed by continuation monotherapy for up to 3 years, resulted in improved overall survival. (medscape.com)
2. Prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy (tumour vaccine, cytokine or growth factor given to control the cancer) or other anti-cancer therapy within less than 2 weeks before study drug administration, or any persistent unresolved toxicity from such previous therapy that, according to the judgement of the investigator, may pose a risk for the subject if taking part in the study. (who.int)

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most frequent malignant primary brain tumor in adults, without any curative treatment options available at present. (frontiersin.org)
Daily topical treatment with CWO induced dramatic regression of pre-malignant skin tumors and a two-fold reduction in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. (biorxiv.org)
Determination of 35 cell surface antigen levels in malignant pleural effusions identifies CD24 as a marker of disseminated tumor cells. (bvsalud.org)
Although the overall mortality in cancer is steadily decreasing, major groups of patients with malignant tumors of e.g. the brain, pancreas, and lung still respond poorly to available treatments and have a dismal prognosis. (lu.se)
In the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid malignant neoplasms, the diagnostic entity termed blastic NK-cell tumors has been proposed for tumors satisfying the diagnostic criteria for CD4/CD56 HN. (medscape.com)

The monoclonals, so produced, were not only more efficient in controlling tumor growth but minimized the development of a HAMA response. (jcancer.org)

T lymphocytes are cells of the immune system that attack and destroy virus-infected cells, tumor cells and cells from transplanted organs. (wikipedia.org)
The immune system of vertebrates is a powerful weapon against external pathogens and cancerous cells. (news-medical.net)
Now, Accentia Biopharmaceuticals and Biovest International have developed a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) vaccine that teaches the body's immune system to identify and destroy tumor cells while leaving healthy tissue intact. (singularityhub.com)
Normally, NHL cancer cells are ignored by the immune system because their cell surfaces aren't distinguished as abnormal when compared to healthy cells. (singularityhub.com)
What results is a patient-specific vaccine, which teaches the body's own immune system how to separate the good cells from the bad. (singularityhub.com)
Decreased antigen presentation contributes to the ability of cancer cells to evade the immune system. (lu.se)
The human cells are also genetically altered so that the dog's immune system does not reject the human cells. (upenn.edu)
Any molecule capable of being recognized by the immune system is considered an antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
A key role of the immune system is detection of these antigens to permit subsequent targeting for eradication. (msdmanuals.com)
Immunotherapies exploit the immune system to target and kill cancer cells, while sparing healthy tissue. (ebi.ac.uk)
A vaccination as tumor therapy - with a vaccine individually created from a patient's tissue sample that " attaches" the body's own immune system to cancer cells: the basis for this long-term vision has now been achieved by a team of researchers from the MPI for Polymer Research and the University Medical Center Mainz, in particular from the Departments of Immunology and Dermatology. (mpg.de)
The novel vaccine class consists of two components: Firstly, the antigen, which is specific to the tumor cell and is to be recognized by the immune system as an 'enemy', so to speak, and secondly, the immune activator - a 'stinger' that shakes up the immune system. (mpg.de)
These nanoscale materials with diameters of less than 100 nanometers are about the size of viruses - the cells of the immune system therefore recognize them very well, eat them and in this way awaken from their dormant mode. (mpg.de)
Unleashing the immune system to fight tumors - an approach enabled by immunotherapy - has led to remarkable outcomes in some cancer patients, but in many more, cancer cells evade the treatment and continue to spread. (dana-farber.org)
But the resistant tumor cells are able to reduce their antigen levels and hide from the immune system. (dana-farber.org)
Her research involves direct reprogramming approaches, which function like a Trojan horse, enabling cancer cells to be targeted by the immune system. (lu.se)
Immunotherapy can fail in patients with cancer when certain cancer cells can hide from the immune system. (lu.se)
when it comes to cancer they are critical as they present tumor antigens to the killer cells of the immune system and orchestrate the anti-tumor immune response. (lu.se)

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults and currently incurable. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we decode the surfaceome and endocytome and its remodeling by hypoxic stress in glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive brain tumor in adults. (lu.se)

To investigate CRC resistance to cibisatamab sensitivity in a relevant laboratory model the researchers generated mini-tumor PDOs from biopsy samples taken from eight CRC patients, including seven with treatment-resistant metastatic CRC, and another with treatment naïve primary CRC, and co-cultured the organoids together with the CD8 T cells. (genengnews.com)
The severe immune plants is that suppression of the patients in whom it has been used deficiency that is characteristic of immune response can allow occult as an antineoplastic agent ( IARC, AIDS results from a deficiency in tumours or metastatic tumour cel s 2012b ). (who.int)
You have metastatic breast cancer (breast cancer that has spread beyond the original tumour) with high levels of HER2. (who.int)

Testing CAR-T therapy on 3D spheroids can help scientists pick the proper antigen targets. (corning.com)
A high-throughput system, like the one utilized in the Corning study, could provide additional insight into antigen targets before the clinical stage. (corning.com)
Current research in theranostics is addressing new targets but-equally important-the optimization of radiopharmaceutical doses and dose schedules, investigation of combination therapies, and treatment at earlier tumor stages. (snmjournals.org)
Such TSAs can provide new targets that allow improved discrimination between cancer cells and healthy tissues by T cells. (medigene.com)
With our existing immuno-oncology portfolio of cutting-edge technologies and expertise, we believe joining forces with Kite Pharma will leverage our targets and their leading CAR T cell platform to advance another new promising therapeutic approach to fight cancer. (gilead.com)
Hence, our study reveals a novel mechanism of tumor necroptosis-mediated promotion of metastasis and suggests that tumor necroptosis and necroptosis-activated ADAMs are potential targets for controlling metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Treatment for these tumors targets local control using localized techniques described above. (merckvetmanual.com)
Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the surface-endocytome and its remodeling by hypoxia in GBM as a resource for exploration of targets for immunotherapeutic approaches in GBM. (lu.se)

Antitumor immunity elicited by tumor-APCs was synergistic with immune checkpoint inhibitors. (lu.se)
Restoring antitumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies. (lu.se)
Alexandra Gabriela Barros Ferreira defends her Ph.D. thesis "Restoring antitumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies" on Friday, 17 November, 2023. (lu.se)
My Ph.D. studies have focused on restoring anti-tumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies. (lu.se)

Solid cancerous masses are often hypoxic, acidic, and immunosuppressive, The Scientist writes, and T cells have a hard time surviving in that environment - if they can infiltrate it at all. (corning.com)
The biopsy results help your health care provider determine whether the cells are cancerous. (knowbreastcancer.org)
At least 16 mutations in the ALK gene have been identified in some people with neuroblastoma, a type of cancerous tumor composed of immature nerve cells (neuroblasts). (medlineplus.gov)
These rearrangements are somatic mutations, which means they occur during a person's lifetime and are present only in the cells that become cancerous. (medlineplus.gov)

In recent years, however, theranostics has been successfully applied to a whole range of other malignancies, including neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and prostate cancer in particular. (snmjournals.org)
Primary Cutaneous Neuroendocrine Tumors Ceruminous gland tumors are discussed in Tumors of the Ear Canal. (merckvetmanual.com)

These transgenic T-cells are then infused back into the patient to specifically target tumor cells. (tufts.edu)

Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) is a high molecular-weight glycoprotein expressed by epithelial ovarian tumors as well as on the surface of cells of mesothelial origin [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
however, mechanisms through which these bioactive compounds act on epithelial cells have not been identified. (biorxiv.org)

1 Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. (aacrjournals.org)
We thought there should be epigenetic changes that affected the biology of the T cells, but it was a real surprise how much impact the changes had on their biology," Youngblood said. (stjude.org)
He and Aviv Regev, director of the Klarman Cell Observatory at the Broad Institute, professor of biology at MIT, and an HHMI investigator, are co-senior authors on the paper. (dana-farber.org)
Here, in Part I, we describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis (central to the biology of renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular cancer) and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)

Initial tests with the new system first confirmed that, "as anticipated," while organoids expressing high levels of CEA (CEA hi ) were highly sensitive to treatment with CD8 T cells and cibisatamab, CEA lo PDOs that expressed only low levels of the glycoprotein were resistant to therapy. (genengnews.com)

Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) reinvigorates anti-tumor immune responses by disrupting co-inhibitory T-cell signaling, relapse frequently occurs after ICB treatment and acquired resistance often emergence after initial response [ 4 ]. (thno.org)

Together, these studies identify T cell-mediated tumor regression as the mechanism through which a plant-derived essential oil diminishes established tumor burden. (biorxiv.org)

In contrast, fucosyl-GM1 was not found to restrict to small cell lung carcinoma cells. (karger.com)
they're also working on ways to administer the cells locally, such as into the intrapleural space for lung cancer. (corning.com)
These peptides were found to be shared among specimens of several patients with solid tumors of different origin, such as ovarian, breast, and lung cancer, but were not detected in healthy tissues, giving them the character of TSAs for TCRs. (medigene.com)
Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer with poor prognosis. (thno.org)
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common subtype, comprised approximately 85% of the newly diagnosed lung cancer cases [ 2 ]. (thno.org)

This theranostic principle has acquired greater importance in personalized medicine in recent years, particularly in oncology, where advanced tumors can be treated effectively with low side effects. (snmjournals.org)
The collaboration brings together Amgen's commitment to and capabilities in advancing new approaches in immuno-oncology and Kite's industry-leading presence in CAR T cell therapy. (gilead.com)
By measuring the levels of this "resistance program" before treatment, the team could predict how tumors would respond to immunotherapy - thereby addressing a major clinical challenge in the field of immuno-oncology. (broadinstitute.org)

In current clinical development, targeting CD19 + B cell malignancies, which include acute and chronic B-cell leukaemia and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), with anti-CD19 CAR-T cells is one of the most advanced adoptive T-cell therapies and has been approved by the FDA. (nature.com)
Although a strong response was observed for CAR-T cells in patients with treatment-refractory haematologic malignancies, only modest outcomes have been reported in solid tumours. (nature.com)
With the ability of the mAbs to demonstrate therapeutic antitumor activity in those patients with relatively advanced malignancies, the term tumor specific was introduced. (jcancer.org)
As has often been the case, hematologic malignancies have led the way in the introduction of this new generation of therapeutics-perhaps because of easy access to tumor samples for pharmacodynamics, and the narrow spectrum of cells of origin. (cancernetwork.com)

More CD8 T cells infiltrated and were activated after PD-L1 mAb treatment in mice with immunogenic MOC1 tumors, which were stable or increased by the addition of rapamycin, but suppressed when PD901 was added. (aacrjournals.org)
When we treated the mice with PD-1, their T cells proliferated actively and had the properties of rejuvenated T cells. (stjude.org)
Importantly, the increased anti-tumor activity of T cells is a key cause for the reduced metastasis as the depletion of CD8+ T cells completely restored the level of metastasis in the Mlkl KO mice. (biomedcentral.com)

In other instances, the normal peptide is presented at the cell surface and consequently the T lymphocytes that recognize the antigen have been eliminated by the central tolerance process that occurs in the thymus. (wikipedia.org)
Human primary tumor cells could also be reprogrammed to increase their capability to present antigen and to activate patient-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. (lu.se)

The researchers found the enhanced T cell proliferation was coupled with significant control of tumor growth. (stjude.org)
Mining data across hundreds of human cell lines, the team predicted that a class of cancer drugs called CDK4/6 inhibitors, which are already known to suppress cell proliferation, could in part reverse the resistance program in cells. (dana-farber.org)
These signaling pathways are important in many cellular processes such as cell growth and division (proliferation) or maturation (differentiation). (medlineplus.gov)

As cancer progresses, the genome of cancer cells accumulates point mutations and other genetic abnormalities. (wikipedia.org)
A single normal cell randomly acquires a series of mutations that allows it to proliferate and to be transformed into a cancer cell (i.e., founding clone), which initiates tumor progression and recurrence. (nature.com)
We have previously shown that tumor founding clone mutations are able to predict tumor recurrence. (nature.com)
We describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in GIST and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)
Somatic mutations are present only in certain cells and are not inherited. (medlineplus.gov)

Interleukin 2 (IL2) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) are pro-inflammatory cytokines with anti-tumor activity. (tmcnet.com)

In 2018, our research group identified the three transcription factors that allow us to convert fibroblasts, for example from the skin, into type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1). (lu.se)

Anti-PD-L1 enhanced durable primary tumor control and survival when combined with mTOR (rapamycin), but not in combination with MEK inhibition (PD901) in immunogenic MOC1 tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
Therapy using checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapies can increase survival in some CRC patients with hypermutated microsatellite instability (MSI) tumors, but are ineffective against the majority of cases, including microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC. (genengnews.com)
This important molecule promotes NKT cell survival and function within tumor tissues. (texaschildrens.org)
For tumors resistant to radiation and for those animals unable to receive radiation therapy, systemic treatment with administration of chemotherapeutic agents, including melphalan, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, and glucocorticoids, have been recommended and have yielded long-term survival. (merckvetmanual.com)
Twelve miRNAs showed concordant expression in tumors vs. normal breast tissues and patient survival (n = 1093), with seven as potential tumor suppressors and five as potential oncomiRs. (cdc.gov)

This enables the T cells to eliminate cells with "foreign" or "abnormal" antigens without harming the normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
Abnormal cells typically have substances on their surfaces, called antigens, that enable T cells to home in and destroy them. (dana-farber.org)
According to the National Cancer Institute, a mass is a lump in the body that can be caused by the abnormal growth of cells, a cyst, hormonal changes or an immune reaction. (knowbreastcancer.org)

Scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research and the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust in the U.K. have found that colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors can switch off expression of a cell surface molecule that is a key target of immunotherapy, which stops the treatment from working. (genengnews.com)
The salivary scavenger and agglutinin (SALSA), also known as gp340 and dmbt1, is an antimicrobial and inflammation-regulating molecule located at the mucosal surfaces. (researchgate.net)
molecule located at the mucosal surfaces. (researchgate.net)
In this case, CARs include a part specific for the GD2 molecule, which is present at high levels in NB tumors and has already led to promising results in clinical trials of GD2-targeted T cells in NB patients. (texaschildrens.org)

We show that CD11b+CD206+ TAM represent the dominant tumor-infiltrating myeloid cell population, expressing a unique cell surface repertoire, promoting Ag cross-presentation and Ag-specific CD8+ T cell activation comparable with cross-presenting CLEC9A+ DCs (cDC1). (jci.org)

As a necrotic cell death, the rupture of cell plasma membrane of necroptotic cells results in the release of many cellular factors of necroptotic cells, which may trigger inflammation and immune responses [ 17 , 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Detection techniques were examined and included intervention trials, urine cytology, quantitative fluorescence image analysis, flow cytometry detection, cystoscopy and bladder mucosal biopsy, hematuria screening, evaluation of urinary autocrine motility factor and tumor cell collagenase stimulating factor, and molecular and cellular biological approaches. (cdc.gov)
The American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT) guidelines recommend a collection target of 3-5 × 10 6 CD34+ cells/kg. (medscape.com)

Last month at the Active Immunotherapeutics Forum, Accentia's chief science officer Dr. Carlos Santos reported positive findings in Phase II clinical trials to treat mantle cell lymphoma . (singularityhub.com)
Cibisatamab has shown promising results in early clinical trials, but some tumors are resistant to therapy, and studies in cancer cell lines have suggested that the effectiveness of cibisatamab is dependent upon expression of CEA on the tumor cells. (genengnews.com)

Research in our laboratory has shown that NKTs naturally localize to the tumor site and that their presence in primary tumors correlates with a favorable outcome for children with NB. (texaschildrens.org)
High and specific binding of 68 Ga-BMS-986192 to human PD-L1-expressing cancer cells was confirmed, which closely correlates with the respective PD-L1 expression level determined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry staining. (snmjournals.org)

SUMMARY BLURB Essential oil derived from the camphor tree acts by stimulating immune cell-dependent regression of skin tumors in a mouse model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. (biorxiv.org)
reticulum cell sarcomas, cutaneous nodular amyloidosis) are relatively common cutaneous tumors. (merckvetmanual.com)

In addition, the inherited germline variants from these gene signatures were predominately enriched in T cell function, antigen presentation, and cytokine interactions, likely impairing the adaptive and innate immune response thus favoring a pro-tumorigenic environment. (nature.com)

One challenge in using CAR-T immunotherapy to treat solid tumors is delivering the CAR-T cells directly to the tumor. (corning.com)

Medigene concentrates on the development of personalized T cell-based therapies, with associated projects currently in pre-clinical and clinical development. (medigene.com)

We are very proud to demonstrate that our high-throughput functional T cell screening approach proves to be a key tool in development of TCR-based cancer immunotherapies that can target a new class of TSAs based on peptides derived from non-coding genetic regions expressed by tumor cells. (medigene.com)
Hence, pre-existing germline variants provide a profound constraint on the evolution of tumor founding clones and subclones and therefore have a contingent effect on the genetic makeup of tumor and presumably patient outcomes. (nature.com)
Blastic natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma, also termed CD4+CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm (CD4/CD56 HN) is a rare clinical entity encompassing distinct genetic, morphologic, etiologic, and diagnostic criteria. (medscape.com)

CD20, a surface antigen expressed in cells of B-lympho- cent recent infarctions. (cdc.gov)

In some patients, the majority of the tumor-specific T cells recognize mutated antigens. (wikipedia.org)
The genetically modified human cells are expanded outside of the body to produce large numbers of killer T cells that can recognize and kill the dog's B cells. (upenn.edu)
The human T cells will be genetically modified in the laboratory to become UCART-20 cells designed to recognize, target, and kill CD20+ B cells. (upenn.edu)

Accentia takes cancer cell samples from an individual's body and identifies a tumor-specific molecular marker (an antigen) along the cell surface. (singularityhub.com)
The tumor marker CA-125, which increases with grade independent of the effect of stage in EOC, is predictive of lymph node metastasis with a high rate of false positivity in Turkish population. (hindawi.com)

Using miniature laboratory-grown tumors known as patient-derived organoids (PDOs) as models of CRC, the researchers also showed how expression of the immunotherapy target could be reactivated by blocking a particular molecular pathway, and so potenitally resensitize the tumors to treatment. (genengnews.com)
Detailed functional and molecular profiling of specific stromal and immune cell populations will provide novel insights on the immunobiology of GBM, and may reveal underlying immunosuppressive mechanisms paving the way towards innovative therapeutic approaches. (lu.se)

This leads to the presentation of viral antigenic peptides absent from normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
In preclinical studies, the researchers explored the mechanism by which both viral infection and a tumor caused T cell exhaustion. (stjude.org)
Here, we show that primary human as well as mouse CD206+ macrophages are effective in functional cross-presentation of soluble self-Ag and non-self-Ag, including tumor-associated Ag (TAA), as well as viral Ag. (jci.org)

The most common procedure involves isolation of the patient's own T-cells, which are then genetically modified and expanded in vitro . (tufts.edu)

Rapamycin enhanced expansion of peripheral antigen-specific CD8 T cells and IFNγ production following ex vivo antigen stimulation. (aacrjournals.org)
Nevertheless, ex vivo activation with cytokines can restore cytolytic activity of NK cells against GB, indicating that NK cells have potential for adoptive immunotherapy of GB if potent cytotoxicity can be maintained in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
This immunotherapy approach attempts to overcome the patient's tolerance towards cancer cells and tumor-induced immunosuppression by activating and modifying the patient's T cells outside the body (ex vivo). (medigene.com)
In addition to acquiring improved antigen presentation, tumor-APCs had impaired tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. (lu.se)
In vivo, 68 Ga-BMS-986192 uptake was high at 1 h after injection in PD-L1-positive tumors (9.0 ± 2.1 percentage injected dose [%ID]/g) and kidneys (56.9 ± 9.2 %ID/g), with negligible uptake in other tissues. (snmjournals.org)
To confirm the presence of cross-presenting TAM in vivo, we performed phenotypic and functional analysis of TAM from B16-F10 and CT26 syngeneic tumor models and have identified CD11b+F4/80hiCD206+ TAM to effectively cross-present TAA. (jci.org)

The T cell immune phenotypic profile in blood donors was related to loss of T cell function, whereas the same set of markers were related to chronic antigen stimulation and immune senescence in HIV-negative individuals. (frontiersin.org)

The purpose of T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy is to reactivate these responses to a degree that results in tumor destruction without causing harmful effects on normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
Some viruses have the ability to transform normal cells into cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
If researchers don't build a CAR-T treatment that hits only cancer cells and spares the healthy cells around them, there can be serious and dangerous side effects. (corning.com)
Since the pioneering use of 131 I in differentiated thyroid cancer in the 1940s, remarkable achievements in nuclear medicine endoradiotherapy have been demonstrated, mainly in the treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasms by using 177 Lu-labeled somatostatin analogs or in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer using prostate-specific membrane antigen-directed radionuclide therapy. (snmjournals.org)
More recently, the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been established as a theranostic target for prostate cancer. (snmjournals.org)
These 2 theranostic approaches, as well as the therapy of osseous metastases of prostate cancer with 223 Ra ( 4 , 9 , 10 ), have unequivocally demonstrated that radionuclide therapy can be applied not only to thyroid cancer but also to other solid tumors. (snmjournals.org)
We developed techniques to detect weak T cell responses against HPV, define CD8 and CD4 epitopes and to isolate T cell clones capable of killing cervical cancer cells. (cardiff.ac.uk)
We test T cell responses in a phase I clinical trial of an HPV vaccine in oropharyngeal cancer patients. (cardiff.ac.uk)
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital immunologists have discovered how immune cells called T cells become "exhausted" - unable to do their jobs of attacking invaders such as cancer cells or viruses. (stjude.org)
This finding has important implications for immunotherapies in which a patient's T cells are engineered outside the body to supercharge them to fight a cancer and then are reintroduced into the body. (stjude.org)
Now that we have shown this is an intrinsic property of T cells, it means you can pull out the T cells, treat them, and reintroduce them to attack the cancer," Youngblood said. (stjude.org)
Colour-enhanced image of human colon cancer cells in culture. (genengnews.com)
They also found that, unlike cancer cell lines, PDOs were capable of exhibiting mixed CEA expression, and these showed partial response to cibisatamab. (genengnews.com)
Taken together, CEA expression was frequently heterogeneous, showing a bimodal pattern in 50% of PDOs which has not been observed in cancer cell lines, and this phenomenon was associated with poor susceptibility to cibisatamab treatment," the researchers stated. (genengnews.com)
Interestingly, when single CEA h i and CEA lo cells were cultured separately, the resulting cell populations again exhibited mixed CEA expression, demonstrating that the cancer cells could switch CEA expression on and off. (genengnews.com)
Our approach serves as a platform for the development of immunotherapies that endow cancer cells with the capability to process and present endogenous tumor antigens. (lu.se)
Reprogramming cancer cells to antigen-presenting cells. (lu.se)
The main reason, however, is that if Vaccines against cancer are to become the norm one day, various effective strategies must be explored to provide specific immune cells with essential key information. (mpg.de)
The polymer-based nanocarrier is a helpful toolbox to further evaluate antigen-specific vaccines and to develop further vaccine-based therapeutic concepts against cancer,' Nuhn is convinced. (mpg.de)
MCF7 breast cancer cell line was stained with 4 µg/mL anti-human CD326 Alexa Fluor® 647 and nuclear counterstained with DAPI. (biolegend.com)
2021. Cancer Cell. (biolegend.com)
And in another patient cohort, the group showed that cancer cells further amplify this program when exposed to immunotherapy. (dana-farber.org)
Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
We tested an essential-oil derivative, camphor white oil (CWO), for anti-tumor activity in a mouse model of keratinocyte-derived skin cancer. (biorxiv.org)
Tumor necroptosis often happens in advanced solid tumors, and blocking necroptosis by MLKL deletion in breast cancer dramatically reduces tumor metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Normal cells will look uniform, and cancer cells will appear disorganized and irregular. (knowbreastcancer.org)
We have developed a new method for functional mapping of the cancer cell-surface proteome, and recently revealed that stress adaptation modulates the global membrane proteome (Bourseau-Guilmain, et al. (lu.se)
HER2 is found in large amounts on the surface of some cancer cells where it stimulates their growth. (who.int)
Transcriptomic profiling of T-cell populations in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer. (lu.se)
At least 15 translocations involving the ALK gene have been identified in people with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a rare form of cancer involving immune cells called T cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Other malignancy active within the previous 2 years except for basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, superficial bladder cancer, or carcinoma in situ of the cervix or breast, for which the subject has completed curative therapy. (who.int)
Six miRNAs had concordant expression in both tumors and breast cancer patient blood samples compared with the normal control samples. (cdc.gov)
Multi-omics biomarkers of response to the discovered drugs were identified using human breast cancer cell lines. (cdc.gov)

In this study, we comprehensively screened HLA-A2 restricted MAGE-A3 tumor epitopes and characterized the corresponding TCRs using in vitro artificial antigen presentation cells (APC) system, single-cell transcriptome and TCR V(D)J sequencing, and machine-learning. (thno.org)

The team identified a distinct gene expression pattern that correlated with reduced T cell presence in the tumor and other features of immunotherapy resistance. (dana-farber.org)
In addition, at least seven translocations involving the ALK gene have been identified in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy29

Organisms16

Diseases37

Chemicals and Drugs97

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment39

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Health Care2

Receptor39

Microenvironment6

Antibodies15

Induce10

Specific Antigens9

Proteins15

Professional antigen-prese1

Solid tumor5

Protein15

Binds4

Melanoma11

Molecules7

Receptors9

Monoclonal4

Demonstrated that NKTs destro1

Immunogenicity3

Cancers11

Antibody11

Cytotoxic4

Genes4

Patients with B-cell malignancies1

Chemotherapy8

Malignant5

Controlling tumor growth1

Immune system18

Brain tumor in adults2

Metastatic3

Targets8

Immunity4

Cancerous4

Neuroendocrine tumors2

Target tumor cells1

Epithelial2

Biology4

Glycoprotein1

Anti-tumor immune1

Established tumor burden1

Lung5

Oncology3

Malignancies4

Mice3

Lymphocytes2

Proliferation3

Mutations5

Necrosis Factor1

Dendritic cells1

Survival5

Abnormal3

Molecule4

Myeloid cell1

Cellular3

Clinical trials2

Correlates2

Cutaneous2

Cytokine1

Immunotherapy to treat1

Therapies1

Genetic3

CD201

Recognize3

Marker2

Molecular2

Viral3

Patient's own T cells1

Vivo6

Stimulation1

Cancer33

Vitro1

Gene2