Tumor cell proliferation cytotoxic t cells cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Cell cycle analysis suggested activation of apoptosis, without arresting cell cycle progression. (nature.com)
Annexin V-propidium iodide double-staining demonstrated that Sapota fruit extracts potentiate apoptosis rather than necrosis in cancer cells. (nature.com)
Our results indicated that AST inhibits cell proliferation through phase-specific cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
These include regulation of cell cycle, activation of mitochondrial pathway, induction of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, induction of apoptosis, modulation of oxidative stress, amelioration of inflammation, modulation of insulin signaling and inhibition of angiogenesis. (mdpi.com)
Another mechanism is up-regulation of pathways that inhibits cell apoptosis. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
Since BCL2, a protein that indirectly inhibits cell apoptosis, is required for certain chemotherapies to work, the absence of BCL2 obscures their uses in prostate cancer. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
70 Mcl1 (myeloid cell leukemia differentiation protein 1) and other members of the BCL family, such as BCL-xl (B-cell lymphoma-extra-large), are also involved in resistance to Interleukin (IL)-6, stromal cell derived factor-1, and cytokine-induced apoptosis. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
71 Clusterin is a small heat shock glycoprotein overexpressed in most of the solid tumors, which promotes apoptosis by binding to various molecules such as BAX (BCL2-associated X protein) 72 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)−1. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
75,76 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibits apoptosis by activating NF-κB and its downstream pathway, including IL6 and IL8, in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells, whereas it promotes apoptosis in androgen-dependent cancer cells. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
In addition, cell cycle distribution analysis revealed that G0/G1 phase arrest was induced following pristimerin treatment in CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells, which was strongly associated with upregulation of p21 and p27, coupled with downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin E. Meanwhile, pristimerin induced significant apoptosis of CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells, alongside decreased levels of caspase‑3 and specific cleavage of poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase. (spandidos-publications.com)
Pristimerin has also been reported to induce apoptosis of various human cancer cells, including in multiple myeloma ( 10 ), breast ( 11 ), liver ( 12 ), pancreatic ( 13 ) and prostate cancer ( 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Pristimerin exhibited potent anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on the OSCC cell lines CAL-27 and SCC-25. (spandidos-publications.com)
Using NSCLC cell lines with differential EGFR status, we examined the potency of PA-MSHA (Pseudomonas aeruginosa-mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin) in combination with Gefitinib on proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, EGFR signaling and tumor growth. (oncotarget.com)
The effects of the drugs on proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were evaluated. (oncotarget.com)
Potential synergistic effects of various combinations including these compounds were tested by measuring cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. (frontiersin.org)
Khz inhibited cell division and induced apoptosis in A549 cells. (springer.com)
Induction of apoptosis by ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in human gastric carcinoma cells. (springer.com)
Ganoderic acid Mf and S induce mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. (springer.com)
Under experimental normoxic condition (21 % O 2 ), deferasirox (DFX) used at 10 μM for 3 days reduced proliferation, led cell cycle arrest in S and G2-M phases and induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in U251 and U87 GBM cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Irradiation at a dose of 16 Gy repressed proliferation, cytotoxicity and apoptosis, but only in U251 cells, while no synergy with DFX was observed in either cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
Of note, an increased carbohydrate uptake and/or induction of death receptors of cancer cells was exploited to develop glycoconjugates that potentially induce cellular stress, ROS and apoptosis. (degruyter.com)
To evaluate the mechanism of TiO2 mediated toxicity, the bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to TiO2 (10 microg/mL) and the apoptosis and necrosis were measured. (cdc.gov)
Cellular apoptosis (ie, programmed cell death) is another potential mechanism of many antineoplastic agents. (medscape.com)
Momordicine I also induced apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and senescence in glioma cells. (excli.de)
In each category, studies related to growth control genes, cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair genes, antioxidant and drug detoxification genes, genes of drug metabolizing enzymes, tissue remodeling genes and genes of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity were discussed separately. (researchsquare.com)
Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of oleandrin on cancer cell proliferation , viability and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo . (phoenixbiotechnology.com)
We extracted information about the effects of oleandrin on cell proliferation, cell viability , apoptosis and/or cell cycle arrest in in vitro studies, and the effects on tumor size and volume in animal experimental models. (phoenixbiotechnology.com)
Overall, in vitro studies demonstrated that oleandrin was able to inhibit cell proliferation, decrease cell viability, and induce apoptosis and/or cell cycle arrest. (phoenixbiotechnology.com)
The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) is a promising anticancer treatment target, being frequently overexpressed by tumours, and mediating proliferation, motility and apoptosis protection. (ox.ac.uk)
ET-1 participates to a wide range of cancer relevant process, such as cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, matrix remodeling, bone deposition, and metastases. (biomedcentral.com)
Rigosertib was more potent than wortmannin and rapamycin in inducing sub-G1 and G2-M cell cycle arrest, as well as late apoptosis in the Inf-3T3 and MT-2 cells. (htlv.net)
The inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis on MDA-MB231 and MCF-7 cell lines occurred via the mitochondrial pathway and induction of oxidative damage to DNA through Bax/Bcl-2 modulation, decreased levels of procaspase-8, -9, -3, increased levels of cleaved caspase-3 and ROS, and also cell cycle arrest at S-phase (Jamali et al. (dieselok.md)
Three of the four cell lines were sensitive by in vitro cytotoxicity assays to the c-Src inhibitor dasatinib, which led to cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis. (mesothelioma-line.com)
Oxaliplatin causes cell-cycle arrest promotes accelerated senescence and induces apoptosis in Bexarotene (LGD1069) cancer cells7 8 9 The p53 protein is involved in many biological processes the best known of which are cell-cycle arrest and DNA repair10 11 p53 also regulates apoptosis after exposure to hypoxia and cytotoxic drugs and is one of the most commonly mutated genes in many types of cancer12. (immune-source.com)
Apoptosis induction potential of each compound determined by mitochondrial membrane potential analysis (Rho123), cleaved caspase-3 expression analysis by flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining and cell morphology analysis by giemza, hematoxylin and eosin and Papanicolaou protocols. (ijpsonline.com)
In the cell morphology analyzes, chromatin condensation and marginalization, changes in the cell membrane, ghost cells and apoptotic bodies were observed as evidence of apoptosis formation. (ijpsonline.com)
The aim of the present investigation was to elucidate the cellular mechanisms whereby Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro in keratinocytes, the target cells in psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
Tan IIA inhibited proliferation of mouse keratinocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis, resulting in S phase arrest accompanied by down-regulation of pCdk2 and cyclin A protein expression. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, Tan IIA-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential changes were also further demonstrated by DNA fragmentation, single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE), and flow cytometry methods. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, based on clinical experience as well as cytotoxic activity against multiple human cancer cells, we hypothesized that induction of apoptosis is the underlying mechanism for the treatment of psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
Aberrant overexpression of GSK-3β has been shown to promote tumor growth and chemotherapy resistance in various solid tumors including colon, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers and glioblastoma through differential effects on the pro-survival nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and c-Myc pathways as well on tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and p53-mediated apoptotic mechanisms. (outcomes4me.com)
Immunopathologic examination during infection showed cleavage of caspase 3 in brain cells adjacent to CD8+ cells and widespread p53 expression, hallmarks of apoptosis. (cdc.gov)

The development of human cancer is a multistep process characterized by the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations that drive or reflect tumour progression. (nih.gov)
These results demonstrate that ChoK plays an essential role in both normal human mammary epithelial cell proliferation and breast tumor progression. (aacrjournals.org)
Angiogenesis is essential in the process of carcinogenesis to facilitate tumor progression and metastasis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Another important mechanism for the progression of colorectal cancer is the ability of the transformed cells to invade and traverse the basement membrane, which in turn facilitates the conversion of adenomas into carcinomas and then metastases ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This review article focuses on the role of honey in modulating the development and progression of tumors or cancers. (mdpi.com)
Currently, use of cannabinoids is limited to improve adverse effects of chemotherapy and their palliative administration during treatment is curiously concomitant with improved prognosis and regressed progression in patients with different tumor types. (frontiersin.org)
Recent studies demonstrated that piperine potentiates curcumin's inhibitory effect on tumor progression via enhancing its delivery and therapeutic activity. (frontiersin.org)
Angiogenesis, the recruitment of new blood vessels from the pre-existing vascular matrix, is now a well-established prerequisite for tumor progression. (cancernetwork.com)
In the presence of errors or damage during DNA replication, cell cycle checkpoint nodes and repair machinery work in concert to retard cell cycle progression until sufficient repair has been achieved. (bmj.com)
The demonstration of ET-1 as an important mediator in the progression of many tumors clearly identifies the ET axis as a potential therapeutic target. (biomedcentral.com)
GSK-3β is particularly important in tumor progression and modulation of oncogenes (including beta-catenin, cyclin D1 and c-Myc), cell cycle regulators (e.g. p27Kip1) and mediators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (e.g. zinc finger protein SNAI1, Snail). (outcomes4me.com)

Our study provides insight regarding the crosstalk among tumor cells, CAFs, and immune cells mediated by lactate and offers therapeutic strategies for targeting LDHA enzymatic activity in PDAC cells. (jci.org)

It was determined that autophagic regulation and G1 cell cycle arrest contributes to euglenophycin's ability to inhibit colorectal cancer cell proliferation, prevent metastasis, and suppress tumour inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are increased in almost every type of human cancer, which may be associated with cell invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
IGF1R downregulation blocks tumour growth and metastasis, and enhances sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs and irradiation. (ox.ac.uk)
Overexpression of cyclophilins has been observed in HCC increasing proliferation, metastasis and promoting chemoresistance. (lu.se)
Its prominent properties are A lack of cell differentiation Local invasion of adjoining tissue Metastasis, which is spread to distant sites through. (msdmanuals.com)
Although most circulating cancer cells die, an occasional cell may penetrate into tissues, generating a metastasis at a distant site. (msdmanuals.com)

The engagement of CTLA4 by costimulatory molecules results in decreased T-cell receptor signaling, interleukin 2 transcription ( 3 ), and cell cycle arrest at the G1 stage, with the final result of inducing T-cell anergy ( 4 , 5 ). (snmjournals.org)
The underlying mechanisms of these effects were primarily mediated by G 1 phase cell cycle arrest and inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulate kinase 1/2 (Erk 1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
The drug leads to single-stranded and double-stranded DNA breaks that arrest cellular proliferation in the late S or early G2 phase of cell cycle. (medscape.com)
The presence of replication stress activates the DNA damage response and downstream checkpoint proteins including ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related kinase (ATR), checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), and WEE1-like protein kinase (WEE1), which trigger cell cycle arrest while protecting and restoring stalled replication forks. (bmj.com)
The vinca alkaloid agents are naturally occurring or semisynthetic nitrogenous bases that elicit their cytotoxic effects through tubulin-binding properties and disruption of microtubule function, which lead to metaphase arrest. (medscape.com)
This causes cell proliferation to arrest in the late S or early G2 portion of the cell cycle. (medscape.com)

Furthermore, pristimerin exhibited a more potent anti‑proliferative activity in CAL‑27 and SCC‑25 cells than the common chemotherapy drugs cisplatin and 5‑fluorouracil. (spandidos-publications.com)
1] Until recently, treatment paradigms in gynecologic oncology have mainly included a combination of radical surgery, cytotoxic chemotherapy (CT), and radiation therapy. (cancernetwork.com)
Cancer chemotherapy is based on an understanding of tumor cell growth and how drugs affect it. (medscape.com)
This difference allows healthy cells to recover from chemotherapy more quickly than do malignant cells, and this is the rationale for current cyclic dosage schedules. (medscape.com)
Advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy or a combination of these treatments. (researchsquare.com)
Although the intended target is the malignant cells of Hodgkin lymphoma, the effects of chemotherapy on normal cells of the body are considerable and account for the adverse effects observed with these agents. (medscape.com)
Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection can cause adult T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (ATLL), an incurable, chemotherapy-resistant malignancy. (htlv.net)
Leukemia cells in patients are intrinsically resistant to standard chemotherapy, and resistance development in leukemia cells toward drugs results in treatment failure[ 4 , 5 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
BT-ON013 trade name] treatment should only be initiated by a health care provider experienced in the administration of cytotoxic chemotherapy (see section 4.4), and should be administered by a health care provider only. (who.int)

Here we show that methanolic extracts of Sapota fruit (MESF) induces cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in cancer cell lines. (nature.com)
In a preliminary study it has been shown that phenolic antioxidants such as methyl 4- O -galloylchlorogenate and 4- O -galloylchlorogenic acid derived from Sapota fruits can induce cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells 23 . (nature.com)
The present study demonstrates that curcumin controls doxazosin- and carvedilol-induced cytotoxicity and morphological changes in HepG2 cells possibly by overexpression of Nrf2. (bvsalud.org)
Khz cytotoxicity was measured using an MTT assay and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)-related, calcium-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 cells was measured by flow cytometry. (springer.com)
Miyajima, A, Nakashima J, Yoshioka K. Role of reactive oxygen species in cis-dichlorodiammineplatium-induced cytotoxicity on bladder cancer cells. (springer.com)
Deferiprone, a bidentate iron chelator, has been shown to have antiproliferative and cytotoxicity activities in neuroblastoma cell lines [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The cytotoxicity observed on TiO2 treatment was differed with cell type of the airway niche and particle size. (cdc.gov)
Cytotoxicity is cell-cycle nonspecific. (medscape.com)
Cytotoxicity can occur at any stage of the cell cycle, but cell is most vulnerable to action of these drugs in G1 and S phase. (medscape.com)
CYP2S1 knockdown conferred a cell survival advantage after oxaliplatin treatment to cells harboring wild-type p53 and cytotoxicity and antitumor activity. (immune-source.com)
Results Inhibition of CRC cell growth by oxaliplatin is usually associated with Bexarotene (LGD1069) the presence of wild-type p53 To investigate the cytotoxicity of the anticancer agent oxaliplatin in CRC cells CCK8 assays were performed using HCT116 SW480 and HT29 cells treated with various concentrations of oxaliplatin for 24?h. (immune-source.com)

Preclinical models predict that blockade of the coinhibitory molecule cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) on lymphocytes results in the release of a cell cycle inhibitory checkpoint, allowing lymphocyte proliferation, tumor targeting, and regression. (snmjournals.org)
Despite occasional cases of expansion of melanoma-specific T cells ( 14 , 15 ), the bulk of the data suggest that there is no detectable expansion of tumor antigen-specific lymphocytes, in particular when focusing on CD8+ T-cell responses. (snmjournals.org)
The most consistent effects in peripheral blood cells after administering anti-CTLA4 antibodies have been limited to marginal increases in the surface expression of nonspecific activation markers predominantly on CD4+ T lymphocytes ( 16 - 18 ). (snmjournals.org)
A new tumor-rejection antigen recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes infiltrating into a lung adenocarcinoma. (nih.gov)
The interaction of TNFRSF9 and its ligand, TNFSF9, leads to the activation of cytotoxic T cells, reactivation of anergic T lymphocytes, and induces T-cell proliferation. (biolegend.com)

Monoclonal antibodies blocking CTLA4 induce regression of immunogenic tumors in mice ( 8 ) and are being pursued as a treatment approach for patients with cancer. (snmjournals.org)
There has been a great deal of interest shown in defining the mechanisms by which anti-CTLA4 antibodies induce tumor regressions in humans. (snmjournals.org)
As poly adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) is overexpressed in various cancer types, and is localized to the nucleus, PARP-1 can be safely targeted with Auger emitters to induce DNA damage in tumors. (osti.gov)
Although the expression of MHC class I and II molecules can be upregulated by MSC exposure to inflammatory cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN- γ ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α ), they are still unable to induce an immunological response [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
Antineoplastic agents are employed to reduce tumor burden and induce remission. (medscape.com)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common type of malignant primary brain tumor, accounting for almost half of all primary malignant central nervous system tumors (Ostrom et al. (excli.de)
Glioma is a type of malignant brain tumor. (cancerindex.org)
GSK-3β helps maintain malignant cell survival and proliferation, particularly in terms of mediating resistance to standard anti-cancer therapies, through the NF-κB pathway. (outcomes4me.com)
Epithelioid angiosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm found in vascular endothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)
Epithelioid angiosarcoma (EA) is a rare variant of angiosarcoma, which is characterized by a high-grade malignant neoplasm, which consists of an atypical, multilayered, or solid endothelial proliferation and vasoformative architecture, presenting necrosis and an area of hemorrhage 1-5 . (bvsalud.org)
The interactome is significantly enriched with genes differentially expressed in MPM tumors compared with normal pleura and with other thoracic tumors, genes whose high expression has been correlated with un-favorable prognosis in lung cancer, genes differentially expressed on crocidolite exposure, and ex-osomederived proteins identified from malignant mesothelioma cell lines. (cdc.gov)

TNFRSF9, also known as 4-1BB and CD137, is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). (biolegend.com)
Interleukin (IL)-9-producing subset called Th9 cell, Th22 cells which primarily secrete IL-22, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor- and Th25 cells via producing IL-25 are believed to be important for initiating allergic reactions and developing airway inflammation. (cdc.gov)

Zhao S, Ye G, Fu G, Cheng JX, Yang BB, Peng C. Ganoderma lucidum exerts anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin. (springer.com)
Etoposide is a glycosidic derivative of podophyllotoxin that exerts a cytotoxic effect by stabilizing the normally transient covalent intermediates formed between the DNA substrate and topoisomerase II. (medscape.com)
This is a heavy metal coordination complex that exerts its cytotoxic effect by platination of DNA, a mechanism analogous to alkylation, leading to interstrand and intrastrand DNA crosslinks and inhibition of DNA replication. (medscape.com)
Androgen-bound ARs exerts both genomic action and non-genomic action in PC cells. (oncotarget.com)
It exerts cytotoxic effect by inhibiting rapid proliferation of cancer cells. (medscape.com)

These agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
Antineoplastic agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)

These data suggest that PA-MSHA and Gefitinib function additively to suppress the proliferative effects of NSCLC cells of differential EGFR status. (oncotarget.com)
Therefore, it is used in almost all protocols in the hope that it will decrease any autonomous hormone production and suppress tumor growth. (medscape.com)

More importantly, we show that MESF treatment leads to significant inhibition of tumor growth and a 3-fold increase in the life span of tumor bearing animals compared to untreated tumor mice. (nature.com)
It's modes of action include downregulation of NF-κB and decreasing the expression NF-κB target genes including cyclin D1, Bcl-2, anti-apoptotic protein (XIAP) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-XL) leading to inhibition of tumor growth in multiple solid tumor cell and lymphoma lines and patient derived xenograft (PDX) models. (outcomes4me.com)

The reduction in tumor volume as well as pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects in HT-29 nude mice xenograft are comparable to those produced by 5-FU. (spandidos-publications.com)
Finally, we showed tumors can be imaged by single-photon computed tomography (SPECT) with PARP theranostic, [ 123 I]KX1, in a human ovarian cancer xenograft mouse model. (osti.gov)
catenin signaling and influences CRC cell proliferation and experiments in CRC cell lines and an tumor xenograft model. (immune-source.com)
In addition, NV651 decreased tumour growth in xenograft-mouse model. (lu.se)

This large body of evidence demonstrates the antitumor activity of endothelin receptor antagonists and provides a rationale for the clinical evaluation of these molecules alone and in combination with cytotoxic drugs or molecular inhibitors leading to a new generation of anticancer therapies targeting endothelin receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
The Actuate 1801 Phase 1/2 study is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 9-ING-41, a potent GSK-3β inhibitor, as a single agent and in combination with cytotoxic agents, in patients with refractory cancers. (outcomes4me.com)

P-Tex cells could aggregate in the antigen-presenting cell niches and activate certain signaling pathways. (elifesciences.org)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
High abundance of glucose in the cytoplasm of a cancer cell also increases flux into other metabolic pathways such as hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)
In the last 8 decades, theories regarding carcinogenesis have progressed to include numerous pathways by which cells achieve immortality. (cancernetwork.com)
Maintaining genomic integrity is of utmost importance to eukaryotic cells, which have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to ensure speed, accuracy, and an adequate pool of nucleotide and replication factors as well as high-fidelity repair pathways to correct errors occurring during DNA replication. (bmj.com)
In murine melanoma cells, radiosensitisation is associated with impaired activation of Atm, which is required for initiation of cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair pathways after double-strand DNA breaks. (ox.ac.uk)
Dasatinib also inhibited migration and invasion independent of the cytotoxic effects, and led to the rapid and durable inhibition of c-Src and its downstream pathways. (mesothelioma-line.com)
Random set analysis was used to identify biological pathways enriched for genes differentially regulated in tumors (compared with 59 samples of normal mucosa). (biomedcentral.com)
Of the 880 canonical pathways we investigated, 112 displayed significant tumor-related upregulation or downregulation at one or more stages of tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
S transition in the cell cycle, upregulated expression of tumor-promoting microenvironmental factors, and profound dysregulation of metabolic pathways (e.g., increased aerobic glycolysis, downregulation of pathways that metabolize drugs and xenobiotics). (biomedcentral.com)
Several pathways involved in cell cycle and DNA repair were affected upon NV651 treatment. (lu.se)

the iron-doxorubicin complex induces the production of free radicals that can destroy DNA and cancer cells. (medscape.com)

These findings suggest that formononetin inhibits angiogenesis and tumor cell invasion, and thus support its use in the treatment of advanced and metastatic colon cancers. (spandidos-publications.com)
These effects of honey have been thoroughly investigated in certain cancers such as breast, liver and colorectal cancer cell lines. (mdpi.com)
The article also underscores the various possible mechanisms by which honey may inhibit growth and proliferation of tumors or cancers. (mdpi.com)
Overcoming resistance to treatment is an essential issue in many cancers including glioblastoma (GBM), the deadliest primary tumor of the central nervous system. (biomedcentral.com)
Most common cancers grow slowly compared with normal tissues, and the rate may decrease if tumors are large. (medscape.com)
Elevated levels of replicative stress in gynecological cancers arising from uncontrolled oncogenic activation, loss of key tumor suppressors, and frequent defects in the DNA repair machinery are an intrinsic vulnerability for therapeutic exploitation. (bmj.com)
2004 ). One problem with cancers, especially HNSCCs, is the unpredictability of treatment outcomes, both in terms of tumor response and host toxicity. (researchsquare.com)
Oleandrin, as a cytotoxic agent , demonstrated antitumor effects in different types of cancers, however important clinical limitations remain a concern. (phoenixbiotechnology.com)
9-ING-41 has significant in vitro and in vivo activity as a single agent and/or in combination with standard cytotoxic chemotherapies in a spectrum of solid tumors and hematological malignancies including bladder, breast, glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, pancreatic, sarcomas, and renal cancers as well as lymphomas. (outcomes4me.com)

Small tumors have a greater percentage of actively dividing cells than do large tumors. (msdmanuals.com)

Finally, the LDHA inhibitor FX11 reduced tumor growth and improved antitumor immunity in CAF-rich PDAC tumors. (jci.org)

There are several proposed mechanisms for resistance, including increased androgen receptor (AR) signaling caused by increased AR expression, gene amplification, gene transcription, and tumor growth. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
In conclusion, prostate cancer cells have resistance mechanisms to overcome cytotoxic therapies such as docetaxel and cabazitaxel. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
Hence, understanding known mechanisms could be a start in coming up with novel therapies to combat resistant prostate cancer cells. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
however, the antitumor effects and underlying mechanisms of pristimerin in oral cancer cells have not yet been identified. (spandidos-publications.com)
Osteoprogenitor MSCs not only differentiate into bone, but they also exert modulatory effects on immune cells via a variety of mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
Anti-tumor and immunoregulatory activities of Ganoderma lucidum and its possible mechanisms. (springer.com)
Growing evidence suggests that the interaction between the genomic/epigenomic aberrations in cancer cells and the surrounding microenvironment, composed of immune and stromal cells, contributes to the development of tumor invasion via mechanisms such as the so-called "angiogenic switch,"[3-5] creating multiple opportunities for therapeutic intervention. (cancernetwork.com)
5-FU inhibits tumor cell growth through at least 3 different mechanisms that ultimately disrupt DNA synthesis or cellular viability. (medscape.com)
The postulated mechanisms of action of corticosteroids in brain tumors include reduction in vascular permeability, cytotoxic effects on tumors, inhibition of tumor formation, and decreased CSF production. (medscape.com)

Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay and SYTOX green staining. (bvsalud.org)
however, curcumin increases or maintains cell viability. (bvsalud.org)
We tested four major extracts of M. charantia and found that momordicine I reduced glioma cell viability without serious cytotoxic effects on astrocytes. (excli.de)
doi:10.7287/peerj.9626v0.1/reviews/1, Soković, M., Glamoclija, J., and Ciric, A. Thymol also caused a decrease in cell viability of prostate cancer (PC-3 cell line), and provoked cytotoxic effects (Pathania et al. (dieselok.md)
The combination of NV651 and cisplatin, a DNA damage reagent, resulted in a synergistic effect in cell viability, and a significant increase on cell death in HCC cell lines. (lu.se)

Here, we have investigated the role of ChoK in the development of breast cancer and found that ChoK is both necessary and sufficient for growth factor-induced proliferation in primary human mammary epithelial cells and an absolute requirement for the specific mitogenic response to heregulin in breast tumor-derived cells. (aacrjournals.org)
Our previous findings demonstrated that formononetin initiates growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic activities in human colon cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a well characterized angiogenic factor known to stimulate angiogenesis within a tumor ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Subsequent study using multiple human cancer cell lines, including those of the colon, stomach and liver, further indicated the universal growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects of AST. (spandidos-publications.com)
The expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), which regulates lactate production, was a poor prognostic factor for patients with PDAC, and LDHA depletion suppressed tumor growth in a CAF-rich murine PDAC model. (jci.org)
Tumor growth and pathway signaling activation was assessed by xenografts in nude mice. (oncotarget.com)
Although, non-psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) display antineoplastic effects by repressing tumor growth and angiogenesis both in cell line and animal models, their use as chemotherapeutic agents is awaiting further investigation. (frontiersin.org)
Khz, a naturally occurring compound derived from the fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia, inhibits the growth of cancer cells. (springer.com)
Effects of Ganoderma lucidum spores on HepG2 cells proliferation and growth cycle. (springer.com)
Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) can bind to tyrosine kinase A (trkA) and with p75NTR depending the physiological state of the cell. (cdc.gov)
Growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF), vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) are upregulated to stimulate angiogenesis, while downregulation of endogenous protein inhibitors (thrombospondin 1 and interferon) disrupts the balance of physiologic angiogenesis. (cancernetwork.com)
After cells divide, they enter a period of growth (phase G1), followed by DNA synthesis (phase S). The next phase is a premitotic phase (phase G2). (medscape.com)
Platinum compounds inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
Treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with the MAC complex reduced cell growth in concentration dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that promotes prostate cancer (PC) cell growth through control of target gene expression. (oncotarget.com)
CNPY2 up-regulated gene expression of AR target genes such as KLK3 gene which encodes the prostate specific antigen (PSA) and promoted cell growth of PC cells. (oncotarget.com)
The cell growth inhibition by CNPY2 knockdown was rescued by AR overexpression. (oncotarget.com)
Together, these results suggested that CNPY2 promoted cell growth of PC cells by inhibition of AR protein degradation through MYLIP-mediated AR ubiquitination. (oncotarget.com)
Signaling by the androgen-induced androgen receptor (AR) promotes cell growth of prostate cancer (PC) cells. (oncotarget.com)
Podophyllotoxin derivative antineoplastic agents have cytotoxic effects on cell growth. (medscape.com)
PI3k belongs to a family of lipid kinases, involved in extracellular signals transduction and cell growth promotion (Wullschleger et al. (dieselok.md)
Oxaliplatin treatment upregulates p53 and activated p53 enhances growth inhibition in CRC cells treated with oxaliplatin. (immune-source.com)
This study is the first to report that inhibition of oxaliplatin-induced cell growth may be dependent on p53 and may involve increased expression of cytochrome enzymes (CYP2S1) in CRC cells. (immune-source.com)
As shown in Fig. 1A oxaliplatin inhibited cell growth in these three CRC cell lines in a Bexarotene (LGD1069) dose-dependent manner with HCT116 cells being more sensitive to oxaliplatin than SW480/HT29 cells (Fig. 1A). (immune-source.com)
External insults (eg, infections, radiation, drugs) may disrupt stem cell homeostasis in marrow environment, leading to altered growth. (medscape.com)
Initial exponential tumor growth is followed by a plateau phase when cell death nearly equals the rate of formation of daughter cells. (msdmanuals.com)
The slowing in growth rate may be related to exhaustion of the supply of nutrients and oxygen for the rapidly expanding tumor. (msdmanuals.com)
Experiments suggest that the abilities to invade, migrate, and successfully implant and stimulate new blood vessel growth are all important properties of the cells that cause metastases, which are likely a subpopulation of the primary cancer. (msdmanuals.com)

Together, our findings suggest a promising role for P-Tex cells in the prognosis of patients with HPV-positive HNSCC by providing modest but persistent anti-tumor effects. (elifesciences.org)

In contemporary pharmacotherapy, Radix Astragali has been used to ameliorate the side-effects of cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
SEM and H&E staining provided evidence that doxazosin and carvedilol induced morphological changes in HepG2 cells, and curcumin protected against these effects, maintaining the morphology in 90% of treated cells. (bvsalud.org)
Results demonstrated that pristimerin was toxic against the two cell lines, and exhibited inhibitory effects against proliferation. (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present study, the potent antitumor effects of pristimerin on OSCC cells were investigated. (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of continuous intake of aqueous extract from I. obliquus on tumor suppression. (researchgate.net)
Key findings: The extract of I. obliquus caused significant tumor suppressive effects in both models. (researchgate.net)
Triple treatment showed synergism in terms of exhibiting anti-tumorigenic effects by activating the Hippo YAP signaling pathway in the HCT116 cell line. (frontiersin.org)
It is suggested that curcumin can selectively kill tumor cells through its multifaceted metabolic effects, that culminate in its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities ( Hewlings and Kalman, 2017 ). (frontiersin.org)
This study aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of Khz on A549 lung cancer cells. (springer.com)
Effects of triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum on protein expression profile of HeLa cells. (springer.com)
The abolition of the antineoplastic DFX effects when cells were co-treated with ferric ammonium sulfate supports the hypothesis that its effects result from its ability to chelate iron. (biomedcentral.com)
Importantly, when the same experiment was conducted in mild-hypoxic conditions (3 % O 2 ), the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of DFX were abolished, and its ability to deplete iron was also impaired. (biomedcentral.com)
Endothelins exert their effects by binding to two distinct cell surface ET receptors, ET A and ET B . The ET B receptor (ET B R) binds the three peptide isotypes with equal affinity. (biomedcentral.com)
It also synergized the cytotoxic effects of vincristine. (htlv.net)
To test this hypothesis, we determined the effects of c-Src inhibition in MPM cell lines and examined c-Src expression and activation in tissue samples. (mesothelioma-line.com)
In contrast silencing p53 significantly decreases the inhibitory effects of oxaliplatin suggesting an important role for p53 in this process13 14 The p53 protein regulates a group Bexarotene (LGD1069) of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in human and mouse liver cells and influences the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatment regimens15 16 However a role for p53 in regulating CYP450 genes in the intestinal tract has not yet been reported. (immune-source.com)
The metal complexes of the compounds had stronger cytotoxic effects and cleaved caspase-3 expression than their ligands. (ijpsonline.com)
Although, most of these studies have focused on treatment of tumors, the effects and mechanism of action in keratinocytes are still poorly understood. (hindawi.com)
We investigated the effects of various concentrations of Tan IIA (5-10 μ g/mL) on mouse keratinocytes and human HaCat cells in vitro to confirm this hypothesis. (hindawi.com)

This study provides fundamental insight into the functional impact of CDK4 inhibition on cells in the tumor microenvironment, which is of high importance and interest to the field. (elifesciences.org)
thus, glucose restrictions are imposed on nontumor cells in the PDAC tumor microenvironment (TME). (jci.org)
The theoretical basis for marrow failure includes primary defects in or damage to the stem cell or the marrow microenvironment. (medscape.com)

Doxorubicin, a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. (medscape.com)
Compounds (C1-8 and doxorubicin) were placed to 96-well culture plate in triplicate order at doses of 1, 10, 100, 1000 μM and then K562 cells were seeded into the wells at the dose of 105/ml. (ijpsonline.com)
Mitochondrial membrane potential was found at low levels in cells treated with Schiff base compounds and doxorubicin. (ijpsonline.com)

Most cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming that support their survival and proliferation. (degruyter.com)

These changes distinguish cancer cells from their normal counterparts, allowing tumours to be recognized as foreign by the immune system. (nih.gov)
also called B7-H1 or CD274), which is expressed on many cancer and immune cells, plays an important part in blocking the 'cancer immunity cycle' by binding programmed death-1 (PD-1) and B7.1 (CD80), both of which are negative regulators of T-lymphocyte activation. (nih.gov)
The PD-L1-PD-1 axis protects the host from overactive T-effector cells not only in cancer but also during microbial infections. (nih.gov)
Here we show that across multiple cancer types, responses (as evaluated by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours, version 1.1) were observed in patients with tumours expressing high levels of PD-L1, especially when PD-L1 was expressed by tumour-infiltrating immune cells. (nih.gov)
Interestingly, P-Tex cells expressed CDK4 genes as high as cancer cells, which could be simultaneously inhibited by CDK4 inhibitors and might be a potential reason for the ineffectiveness of CDK4 inhibitors in treating HPV-positive HNSCC. (elifesciences.org)
The compelling conclusion that proliferative exhausted T cells are associated with response in HPV+ head and neck cancer is supported by the cohort of 14 patients with paired tumor and adjacent normal tissue and rigorous bioinformatic analysis of nearly 50,000 single CD3+ T cell transcriptomes. (elifesciences.org)
Breast cancer is still one of the most important tumors among women in industrialized countries. (aacrjournals.org)
Based on experimental studies, anti-cancer activity by euglonophycin was demonstrated in leukemia, neuroblastoma, and colorectal cancer cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
In the present study, we aimed to further examine the potential of formononetin in controlling angiogenesis and tumor cell invasiveness in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenografts. (spandidos-publications.com)
We also discovered that the invasiveness of metastatic colon cancer cells was alleviated following drug treatment. (spandidos-publications.com)
In recent years, we focused on investigating the anti-carcinogenic properties of total Astragalus saponins (AST) in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenografts. (spandidos-publications.com)
Here, we report that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) with restricted glucose availability utilize lactate from glycolysis-enhanced cancer cells as a fuel and exert immunosuppressive activity in the PDAC TME. (jci.org)
A third potential mechanism deals with the limited amount of blood supply and hence, limited cytotoxic drug accessibility to the source of cancer. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
A fourth mechanism suggests that cytotoxic drugs are removed from the source using efflux pumps, and the last mechanism is microtubule alterations that affect cytotoxic drug attachment to cancer cells. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
Inherited resistance is noted in prostate cancer cells that do not express BCL2, indicating that taxanes' mechanism of action relies at least partly on BCL2 inhibition. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
Here, we investigated a radioiodinated PARP inhibitor, [ 125 I]KX1, and show drug target specific DNA damage and subsequent killing of BRCA1 and non-BRCA mutant ovarian cancer cells at sub-pharmacological concentrations several orders of magnitude lower than traditional PARP inhibitors. (osti.gov)
Cancer cells often maintain high basal level of ROS and are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS levels beyond a certain protective threshold. (degruyter.com)
Consequently, ROS-modulation has emerged as an anticancer strategy with synthesis of various ROS-inducing or responsive agents that target cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
This mini review highlights the development of compounds that target cancer cells by taking advantage of redox or metabolic alteration in cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
Cancer cells also enhance glucose-uptake to fuel these enhanced metabolic activities [ 2 ]. (degruyter.com)
Redirection of glutamine to cellular energetics destabilizes glutathione homeostasis in glioblastoma cells and other cancer cells [ 9 ]. (degruyter.com)
This indicates the intricate control of metabolism and redox balance for survival of cancer cells that can be targeted by therapeutic agents. (degruyter.com)
This is because cancer cells maintain high basal level of ROS, thus they are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS (Fig. 1 ). (degruyter.com)
ROS-modulation in normal vs. cancer cell. (degruyter.com)
It has been suggested that radiation sensitivity and chemosensitivity of cancer cells may play an important role in the local control of the tumor following these therapies. (researchsquare.com)
In those patients with nonmeasurable disease, serum cancer antigen (CA)-125 levels were assessed every 3 cycles. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
Due to late-stage diagnoses, ovarian cancer commonly recurs and requires cytotoxic treatment, eventually becoming refractory to all approved agents. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
Cell cycle involvement in cancer treatment with carvacrol and thymol. (dieselok.md)
2002). The Mechanism of Carvacrol-Evoked [Ca2+]i Rises and Non-ca2+-triggered Cell Death in OC2 Human Oral Cancer Cells. (dieselok.md)
One potential therapeutic target, the nonâ€"receptor tyrosine kinase c-Src, causes changes in proliferation, motility, invasion, survival, and angiogenesis in cancer cells and may be a valid therapeutic target in MPM. (mesothelioma-line.com)
catenin signaling and cytochromeP450 enzymes (CYP51A1) were correlated to oxaliplatin sensitivity in 21 colorectal cancer cell lines24. (immune-source.com)
Leukemia is a blood cancer that develops in the hematopoietic system and presents in the bone marrow with or without peripheral blood cell involvement[ 1 , 2 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
NF-κB is constitutively active in cancer cells and promotes anti-apoptotic molecule expression. (outcomes4me.com)
NF-κB activation is particularly important in cancer cells that have become chemo- and/or radio-resistant. (outcomes4me.com)
Targeting the cell cycle has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment with special interest in the mitotic phase. (lu.se)
Dans une étude cas-témoins non appariés en milieu hospitalier, 108 personnes atteintes d'un cancer et 105 témoins ont été interrogés sur leurs apports alimentaires en recourant à la version en langue arabe d'un questionnaire validé sur la fréquence de consommation alimentaire. (who.int)
Many factors are involved in causing and permitting the unregulated proliferation of cells that occurs in cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
Overview of Cancer Cancer is an unregulated proliferation of cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Cancer cells, particularly those arising from the bone marrow or lymphatic system, may have a short generation time, and there usually are a smaller percentage of cells in G0 (resting phase). (msdmanuals.com)
A subpopulation of cells within a cancer has the properties of stem cells. (msdmanuals.com)
A cancer may release cells into the circulation at a very early stage of development. (msdmanuals.com)
Circulating cancer cells are present in many patients with advanced cancer and even in some with localized disease. (msdmanuals.com)
Cancer cells often present neoantigens on their cell surface that can be detected as "non-self" by the immune system, resulting in an attack by the immune system. (msdmanuals.com)
Destruction of cancer cells may be complete, in which case the cancer never appears. (msdmanuals.com)
Transcriptomic profiling of T-cell populations in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer. (lu.se)

Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of two novel Cath D inhibitors (2 and 3) which combining tasiamide B scaffold with a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) specifically targeting the endolysosomal compartment. (bvsalud.org)
Small molecule inhibitors designed to target the DNA damage sensors, such as inhibitors of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), ATR, CHK1 and WEE1, impair smooth cell cycle modulation and disrupt efficient DNA repair, or a combination of the above, have demonstrated interesting monotherapy and combinatorial activity, including the potential to reverse drug resistance and have entered developmental pipelines. (bmj.com)
Using these inhibitors also significantly boosted the expression of the pro-apoptotic genes, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio as well as the expression of the tumor suppressor gene p53 in the MT-2 and Inf-3T3cells. (htlv.net)

Recognition of a new ARTC1 peptide ligand uniquely expressed in tumor cells by antigen-specific CD4+ regulatory T cells. (nih.gov)

The survival prognosis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is largely different, and little is known about the anti-tumor mechanism of tumor-infiltrated exhausted CD8 + T cells (Tex) in HNSCC. (elifesciences.org)
In the present study, the anticancer potential of pristimerin was investigated in two oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines, CAL‑27 and SCC‑25. (spandidos-publications.com)
90% are squamous cell carcinomas. (spandidos-publications.com)
Because it is very invasive, the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is poor ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
ABSTRACT Diet has not been investigated as a potential risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in the Syrian Arab Republic. (who.int)
Head and neck squamous cell carcino- receive treatment. (who.int)

Besides, administration of concentrated extracts of Morinda citrifolia in tumor containing animals increased the immune response of the animals with a concomitant reduction in tumor burden 7 . (nature.com)
Thus, in tumor-bearing mice, 60% tumor reduction was observed, while in metastatic mice, the number of nodules decreased by 25% compared to the control group. (researchgate.net)

Cyclophilin overexpression is a common event in fibrotic tissues playing a key role in different stages of the fibrotic process, including inflammation, hepatocyte death, and activation of the hepatic stellate cells leading to increased collagen production. (lu.se)
During the process of airway inflammation, complex interactions of innate and adaptive immune cells as well as structural cells and their cytokines have many important roles. (cdc.gov)

MAC) on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Kelly and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells also exhibited a reduced proliferation rate after exposure to carvacrol (Kocal and Pakdemirli, 2020). (dieselok.md)
We could confirm the increased polyploidy upon Mps1 inhibition in neuroblastoma cell lines and PDX model, leading to mitotic catastrophe activating the caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. (lu.se)
Inhibition of Mps1 led to a potent cytotoxic effect indicating its potential use as a treatment against neuroblastoma. (lu.se)

Introducing ß-homo-glycine into poly-ß-lysine effectively reduces the toxicity of resulting poly-ß-peptides and affords the optimal poly-ß-peptide, ßLys50HG50, which shows potent antibacterial activity against clinically isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and MRSA persister cells, excellent biosafety, no antimicrobial resistance, and strong therapeutic potential in both local and systemic MRSA infections. (bvsalud.org)
Doxorubicin's maximum toxicity occurs during the S phase of cell cycle. (medscape.com)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common type of primary brain tumor. (excli.de)

Binding of PD-L1 to its receptors suppresses T-cell migration, proliferation and secretion of cytotoxic mediators, and restricts tumour cell killing. (nih.gov)

Most naïve T cells do not express surface CTLA4 because of its binding to AP50, a subunit of the clathrin adaptor AP-2 protein ( 2 ). (snmjournals.org)
Aberrations of AR, erythroblast transformation-specific ( ETS ) genes, Tumor protein 53 (TP53), and Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) occurred in 40%-60% of 150 mCRPC cases in a recent study. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
This report suggests that Canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 (CNPY2) controls AR protein levels in PC cells. (oncotarget.com)
HTLV-2 Encoded Antisense Protein APH-2 Suppresses HIV-1 Replication Abstract Antisense protein of Human T-cell. (htlv.net)
The Src protein was highly expressed in tumor cells, but expression did not correlate with survival. (mesothelioma-line.com)
Cerebrospinal fluid analyses over time demonstrated increasing protein concentrations and cell counts, paralleled by pathologic lactate elevations in all patients. (cdc.gov)
MARV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma where MARV matrix protein (mVP40) dimers associate with anionic lipids at the plasma membrane inner leaflet and undergo a dynamic and extensive self-oligomerization into the structural matrix layer. (uci.edu)
DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)

Finally, a period of mitotic cell division (phase M) occurs. (medscape.com)
Strategies that increase replicative stress while lowering cell cycle checkpoint thresholds may allow unrepaired DNA damage to be inappropriately carried forward in replicating cells, leading to mitotic catastrophe and cell death. (bmj.com)
Treatment with the novel cyclophilin inhibitor NV651, presented a potent antiproliferative effect in HCC cell lines via cell cycle perturbations arresting cells in the mitotic phase. (lu.se)

However, little is known about how such glucose competition alters metabolism and confers phenotypic changes in stromal cells in the TME. (jci.org)
Cell-based therapy utilizing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is an attractive option for augmenting the fracture repair process. (hindawi.com)
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, have the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types (Figure 1 ), including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

Among its different constituents, Astragalus polysaccharides have been most widely studied particularly for their immunopotentiating properties, such as stimulation of murine B cell proliferation and cytokine production ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

It inhibits cell replication in all phases of the cell cycle. (medscape.com)

The results revealed that 2 and 3 not only retained highly potent inhibition against Cath D, but also were active against MDA-MB-231 cell lines. (bvsalud.org)
Among the TNFRSF members, TNFRSF9 is the most potent inducers of IL-2Rα expression on CD8+ T cells. (biolegend.com)

Adipose-derived MSCs, in particular, pose an attractive option for cell-based therapy due to their relatively decreased morbidity during isolation and potential for expansion and differentiation [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Multipotential differentiation of MSCs into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic cell lineages. (hindawi.com)
Excessive proliferation of keratinocytes, abnormalities in the differentiation process, and continuous shedding of the thickened epidermis are characteristics of psoriasis (Figures 1 (a) and 1 (b)) [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Fate of airway epithelial cells exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticle s: NGF regulated apoptotic death. (cdc.gov)
The primary human airway bronchial epithelial cells exposed to nanoparticle s elicit high levels of neurotrophins, which has a significant role in modulating the cell cycle, cell proliferations and inflammatory responses. (cdc.gov)
For example CYP2S1 which is usually most highly expressed in intestinal tract epithelial cells may be involved in metabolizing aromatic hydrocarbons and other xenobiotic substrates20 21 Madanayake also identified that human CYP2S1 is an important enzyme in the metabolism of COX-derived prostaglandins at nanomolar concentrations and the authors suggested that CYP2S1 may play an important role in modulating the inflammatory process23. (immune-source.com)
Our experiments confirm and extend the involvement of CYP2S1 as a potential therapeutic target for enhancing oxaliplatin efficacy in colorectal epithelial cells. (immune-source.com)

A clear example of the critical role of CTLA4 on tolerance is the striking phenotype of CTLA4 knock-out mice, which develop rapid T-cell proliferation and autoimmune infiltration of multiple organs shortly after birth ( 6 , 7 ). (snmjournals.org)
Moreover, I. obliquus extract-treated mice demonstrated the increase in tumor agglomeration and inhibition of vascularization. (researchgate.net)
Recent studies revealed that nano-sized TiO2 can cause inflammatory response in airways of rats and mice, fibrosis or lung tumors in rats and DNA damage in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts and human lymphoblastoid cells. (cdc.gov)
In vivo studies with TNFSF9 knockout mice and with the agonistic anti-TNFRSF9 monoclonal antibody showed that TNFRSF9/TNFSF9 interaction keeps optimal CD8 T-cell mediated immune response against viral infections and tumors. (biolegend.com)
We sought to identify PKA phosphorylation sites in PLIN5 and assess their functional relevance in cultured cells and the livers of mice. (uci.edu)

A proliferative exhausted CD8 + T cell cluster (P-Tex) which was beneficial to survival outcomes of patients with HPV-positive HNSCC was identified. (elifesciences.org)
We tested the role of whole-body molecular imaging in patients with advanced melanoma receiving the CTLA4-blocking antibody tremelimumab, allowing the analysis of changes in glucose metabolism using the PET probe 18 F-FDG and cell replication with the PET probe 3′-deoxy-3′- 18 F-fluorothymidine ( 18 F-FLT). (snmjournals.org)
Molecular imaging with the PET probe 18 F-FLT allows mapping and noninvasive imaging of cell proliferation in secondary lymphoid organs after CTLA4 blockade in patients with metastatic melanoma. (snmjournals.org)
The emerging clinical data suggest that a subset of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with CTLA4-blocking antibodies, in the range of 5%−15%, achieve durable objective tumor responses. (snmjournals.org)
In patients with relapsing or unresponsive disease, hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation significantly prolongs disease-free survival. (medscape.com)
In a quest for new therapeutic targets, our study sought to determine the levels of AKT, mTOR, and PI3K in ATLL MT-2 cells, HTLV-1 infected NIH/3T3 cells (Inf-3T3), and HTLV-1 infected patients (Carrier, HAM/TSP, and ATLL). (htlv.net)
The results showed that mRNA expression of Akt/PI3K/mTOR was down-regulated in carrier, HAM/TSP, and ATLL patients, as well as MT-2, and Inf-3T3 cells, compared to the healthy individuals and untreated MT-2 and Inf-3T3 as controls. (htlv.net)
In patients with measurable disease, chest and abdominal CT scans were performed every 3 cycles. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
The median number of treatment cycles was 6, and 20% of patients were treated for more than 12 months. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
We focus on the characterization of the central nervous system (CNS) immunologic response to VSBV-1 by IHC analyses of immune cells in the brain of all patients, as well as by examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reactions over time during the disease. (cdc.gov)
The clinical presentation of patients with aplastic anemia includes signs and symptoms related to the decrease in bone marrow production of hematopoietic cells. (medscape.com)

TNFRSF9/TNFSF9 preferentially enhances the expansion of CD8+ T cells rather than CD4+ T cells, through the increase of IL-2Rα (CD25) and IL-2 expressions in CD8+ T cells. (biolegend.com)

The cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) is a coinhibitory activation-induced surface receptor on T cells that functions as a major negative regulator of anti-self-immune responses. (snmjournals.org)
Once a T cell is activated through its T-cell receptor, downstream T-cell receptor signaling through Src kinases results in tyrosine phosphorylation of CTLA4 and the uncoupling of CTLA4 from AP50, allowing its surface expression, which peaks at 48 h after activation. (snmjournals.org)
Cell surface CTLA4 has 100-1,000 times higher affinity for the costimulatory molecules expressed by antigen-presenting cells, thereby efficiently competing with the positive costimulatory receptor CD28 ( 1 ). (snmjournals.org)
The major relevance of ET A receptor in tumor development has led to an extensive search of highly selective antagonists. (biomedcentral.com)

Moreover, lactate-stimulated CAFs upregulated IL-6 expression and suppressed cytotoxic immune cell activity synergistically with lactate. (jci.org)
MSCs are able to evade the host cell immune system due to their low expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and complete lack MHC class II molecules and other costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD40L, CD80, and CD86) required for immune cell stimulation [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)

We used a molecular pathway-based approach to analyze transcriptomic profiles of 59 colorectal tumors representing early and late preinvasive stages and the invasive stage of tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

The tumor size and the number of proliferating cells were reduced in the tumor tissues obtained from the formononetin-treated group. (spandidos-publications.com)

Some drugs work only during a specific phase of the cell cycle, requiring prolonged administration to catch dividing cells during the phase of maximal sensitivity. (msdmanuals.com)

Beyond this protective role, Mrr can inflict chromosomal DNA damage that elicits the SOS response in the host cell upon heterologous expression of specific methyltransferases such as M.HhaII, or after exposure to high pressure (HP). (uci.edu)

Choline kinase (ChoK) is increased in human mammary tumors with high incidence, and this activation is associated with clinical variable indicators of greater malignancy. (aacrjournals.org)

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive brain tumour, characterized by its ability to secrete factors promoting its virulence. (bvsalud.org)

In interfering with cell reproduction, some antineoplastic agents are specific to certain phases of the cell cycle, whereas others (eg, alkylating agents, anthracyclines, cisplatin) are not phase specific. (medscape.com)
Antineoplastic agents interfere with cell reproduction. (medscape.com)
Antibiotic antineoplastic agents are produced by microorganisms and inhibit or prevent the proliferation of neoplasms. (medscape.com)

Anatomy30

Organisms13

Diseases32

Chemicals and Drugs88

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment40

Phenomena and Processes56

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Apoptosis42

Progression11

Mediated by lactate1

Metastasis6

Arrest6

Chemotherapy9

Cytotoxicity11

Lymphocytes5

Induce5

Malignant6

Necrosis factor2

Exerts5

Agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation2

Suppress2

Inhibition of tumor growth2

Xenograft4

Combination with cytotoxic2

Pathways11

Induces1

Cancers9

Large tumors1

Reduced tumor growth1

Mechanisms9

Viability5

Growth28

Anti-tumor effects1

Effects19

Microenvironment3

Doxorubicin3

Survival and proliferation1

Cancer45

Inhibitors3

Antigen-specific1

Squamous6

Reduction2

Inflammation2

Neuroblastoma4

Toxicity2

Brain tumor1

Mediators1

Protein8

Mitotic3

Stromal cells3

Murine1

Inhibits cell1

Potent2

Differentiation3

Epithelial cells4

Mice5

Patients11

Enhances1

Receptor4

Immune cell2

Pathway1

Tissues1

Sensitivity1

Exposure1

Malignancy1

Glioblastoma1

Antineoplastic agents3