• As such, successful incorporation of CD4 epitopes into cancer vaccine construction and generation of durable antigen-specific CD4 immunity remains a challenge. (bmj.com)
  • Using the extracellular domain (ECD) of HER3 as a candidate "oncodriver" tumor antigen, we sought to identify immunogenic HER3 peptides that demonstrate Class II promiscuity and generate anti-HER3 CD4 immunity for inclusion in vaccine development. (bmj.com)
  • DC1 pulsed with an overlapping tumor antigen-derived peptide library can identify promiscuous class II peptides for CD4 T cell vaccine development. (bmj.com)
  • Animal studies have shown that the iBioModulator platform can increase the strength of the immune response specific to a vaccine antigen (as measured by antibody titer). (globenewswire.com)
  • Therapeutic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine candidates constructed with iBioModulator provided superior protection from HPV-16 E7-induced tumors and extended survival in a mouse model when compared with vaccination with native E7 protein alone. (globenewswire.com)
  • iBioModulator has been used as a fusion to express peptide or protein domain antigens in a number of other successful vaccine candidates, including those for anthrax, plague, sleeping sickness and influenza. (globenewswire.com)
  • The iBioModulator also has been used by scientists at the Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology to improve the solubility and stability not only of recombinant vaccine antigens, but other proteins as well. (globenewswire.com)
  • Leveraging a transgenic mouse model of HPV-derived cancers, K14HPV16/H2b, we demonstrated that a potent nanoparticle-based E7 vaccine, but not a conventional "liquid" vaccine, induced E7 tumor antigen-specific CD8 + T cells in cervical tumor-bearing mice. (nih.gov)
  • Overall, the findings suggested that folate receptor alpha is an attractive target for vaccination and generated the rationale for this vaccine. (cancernetwork.com)
  • The latter is a tool previously developed by Jacopo, 2020, able to identify tumor antigens similar to pathogen antigens in order to exploit molecular mimicry and tumor pathogen cross-reactive T cells in cancer vaccine development. (elifesciences.org)
  • These peptides were then tested in our previously described oncolytic cancer vaccine platform PeptiCRAd, a vaccine platform that combines an immunogenic oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) coated with tumor antigen peptides. (elifesciences.org)
  • Our research is directed to develop new approaches for viral vector design, novel vaccine formulations with improved efficacy and optimized preventive and therapeutic MVA-based immunization strategies (e.g. vaccination protocols for T cell-pillowed immunotherapy). (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • However, knowledge about the biological properties of target antigens or modalities of antigen delivery to efficiently induce or expand MVA-vaccine-mediated immunity in vivo is still sparse. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • These findings demonstrate that MVA vaccine design can be essentially improved, as they point to the need for optimal adjustment of the target antigen properties to the intrinsic requirements of the delivering vector system. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • In an ongoing vaccine study for glioblastoma patients (NCT04842513, together with the neurosurgery Dept at the UKT), we are responsible for the full immune assessment of patients during vaccination. (immunology-tuebingen.de)
  • To enhance vaccine potency and improve thus responses to ICI, we analyzed the gene expression profile of an immunosuppressive dendritic cell (DC) population induced during vaccination, with the goal of identifying druggable inhibitory mechanisms. (unav.edu)
  • Thus, monocyte depletion by gemcitabine administration reduced the generation of these DC and increased vaccine-induced immunity, which rejected about 20% of LLC-OVA and B16-OVA tumors, which are non-responders to anti-PD-1. (unav.edu)
  • The progressive expansion of areas with YF viral circulation in YF-endemic countries has required extensive vaccination campaigns that reduced the international vaccine stockpile and brought to light the discussion about the need for booster doses to guarantee long-term cell memory in populations living in YF-endemic countries. (cdc.gov)
  • Dendritic cells can be used as a vaccine by preparing together with either peptides or small portions of tumor antigens and they can then be injected into the body. (moffitt.org)
  • In the study, genetically cancer-prone mice were vaccinated-half with a vaccine containing α-lactalbumin and half with a vaccine that did not contain the antigen. (biopharminternational.com)
  • Therefore, the vaccine can rev up a woman's immune system to target α-lactalbumin, stopping tumor formation without damaging healthy breast tissue. (biopharminternational.com)
  • Intradermal, but not intramuscular, vaccination with pBI-11 DNA vaccine via customized Tropis biojector enhanced HPV antigen-specific CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses over needle injection. (bvsalud.org)
  • For example, vaccination of patients with the ZyCoV-D DNA vaccine using the Tropis device is effective against COVID19, well tolerated, and licensed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here we show that split-dose, multi-site administration and intradermal delivery via the Tropis biojector increase the delivery of pBI-11 DNA vaccine, enhance HPV antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses, and improve anti-tumor therapeutic effects, suggesting its translational potential to treat HPV16/18 infection and disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • HPV18 oncogenes E6 and E7 are associated with the malignant transformation of cells, thus the identification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted E6/E7 peptide-specific CD8 + T cell epitopes and the creation of a HPV18 E6/E7 expressing cervicovaginal tumor in HLA-A2 transgenic mice will be significant for vaccine development. (bvsalud.org)
  • Based on the encouraging preclinical data, we propose to generate a clinical grade tumor cell-based vaccine engineered to secrete high levels of Hsp70. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • These posters to be presented at the AACR Meeting focus on the investigational nucleic acid platform, UNITE™ (UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression) for two vaccines, ITI-3000 for Merkel cell carcinoma (targeting the large T antigen of the Merkel cell polyomavirus) and Her2/Neu-LAMP DNA vaccine, both of which fuse a tumor associated antigen with lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1). (biospace.com)
  • This presentation reports results of pre-clinical mouse studies of a cancer vaccine that promotes potent, antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses to MCPγV-LT. The majority of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC), a rare and highly aggressive type of neuroendocrine skin cancer, are associated with Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection. (biospace.com)
  • To activate antigen-specific CD4 T cells in vivo, the investigators utilized the nucleic acid vaccine platform, UNITE (UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression), which fuses a tumor-associated antigen with lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). (biospace.com)
  • This presentation reports results of preclinical mouse studies on a HER2/Neu-LAMP DNA vaccine that included a bicistronic DNA construct in which both the tumor antigen (HER2) fused with LAMP-1 (lysosomal- associated membrane protein 1) and sCD40L were expressed separately. (biospace.com)
  • ImmuneFx is a therapeutic vaccine candidate which expresses a bacterial antigen on the surface of a patient's own tumor cells. (precisionvaccinations.com)
  • However, vaccination fails to confer complete protection due to inadequate vaccination coverages, vaccine shortages, and mismatches with circulating strains. (cdc.gov)
  • Although cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes (CTL) were historically considered primary effectors of antitumor immunity, solely boosting CTL responses with CD8 vaccines in various tumor types has yielded unpredictable clinical results, possibly because CTLs function suboptimally without adequate CD4 T lymphocyte help. (bmj.com)
  • Immunotherapy is emerging as a new form to treat cancer by harnessing the activity of cytotoxic CD8 + T lymphocytes (CTLs) that specifically recognize tumor-associated antigens. (lifeboat.com)
  • Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) (also known as CD152) is a major negative regulator of T cell responses which interacts with the B7-1 (CD80) / B7-2 (CD86) ligands on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell. (scielo.br)
  • Vaccination with tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells elicits antigen-specific, cytotoxic T-cells in patients with malignant glioma. (nwbio.com)
  • Immature dendritic cells phagocytose apoptotic cells via alphavbeta5 and CD36, and cross-present antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (nwbio.com)
  • Background: Tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) can be activated in vivo by vaccination with dendritic cells (DC). (uni-muenchen.de)
  • VITAL assay to assess the cytotoxic potential of tumor antigen specific CD8+ clones against peptide-loaded targets or transfectants expressing the relevant tumor antigen (Polychromatic flow cytometry). (immunology-tuebingen.de)
  • There is also a need for rational combinations beyond interleukin (IL)-2 and programmed death (PD)-1/ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 immune checkpoint blockade and to combat exhaustion and restore costimulatory functions, e.g., with gene-engineered or pharmacologic agent-treated TILs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The B16 murine melanoma model was used to compare cytotoxic responses against established tumors in the CNS and in the periphery. (xstrahl.com)
  • Additionally, these results represent a novel strategy to rapidly and reproducibly identify class II-promiscuous immunogenic CD4 epitopes from any tumor antigen for cancer immunotherapy using a DC1-Th1 platform. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusion: DC-based immunotherapy may not only be successfully combined with gemcitabine for the treatment of advanced pancreatic carcinoma, but may also be effective in preventing local recurrence or metastatization in tumor-free patients. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Our long-term objective is to define HLA-class I and class-II presented SCLC-antigens that could be used in immunotherapy approaches, e.g. peptide-based vaccination or cellular therapy. (immunology-tuebingen.de)
  • Background Neoantigens, new immunogenic sequences arising from tumor mutations, have been associated with response to immunotherapy and are considered potential targets for vaccination. (unav.edu)
  • This CMN-001 is an autologous, tumor antigen-loaded dendritic cell immunotherapy. (moffitt.org)
  • Immunotherapy using gene-transduced tumor cells has emerged as a potentially plausible approach for the control of advanced stage ovarian cancer. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • However, not all patients respond to immunotherapy, acquired resistance remains a challenge, and responses are poor in certain tumors which are considered to be immunologically cold. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is due to the fact that certain amino acid sequences, so-called T-cell epitopes, when presented by antigen-presenting cells and recognized by helper T cells, will stimulate a powerful immune response. (genengnews.com)
  • Such peptides are believed to be "promiscuous" T-cell epitopes that bind to the HLA supertypes on the surface of antigen-presenting cells that are broadly represented in the world's population. (genengnews.com)
  • In this study, we comprehensively screened HLA-A2 restricted MAGE-A3 tumor epitopes and characterized the corresponding TCRs using in vitro artificial antigen presentation cells (APC) system, single-cell transcriptome and TCR V(D)J sequencing, and machine-learning. (thno.org)
  • Homocitrullination occurs in the tumor microenvironment and CD4-mediated immune responses to Hcit epitopes can target stressed tumor cells and provide a potent antitumor response in mouse models. (scancell.co.uk)
  • A vaccination strategy designed to enhance the immunogenicity of self-antigens that are overexpressed in tumor cells is to identify and slightly modify immunodominant epitopes that elicit T-cell responses. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Antibodies recognize specific configurations (epitopes, or antigenic determinants) on the surfaces of antigens (eg, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The same antibody molecule can cross-react with related antigens if their epitopes are similar enough to those of the original antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Vaccination alone or in combination with anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA4 did not elicit tumor regression nor increase CD8 + T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), suggesting the presence of immune-suppressive barriers. (nih.gov)
  • This is due to the fact that even once tumor-antigen specific T cells are generated via vaccination, these T cells might not be effective in clearing the tumor because of the multiple inhibitor-mechanisms that are present in the tumor microenvironment. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Also profiled are investigations being conducted by Kelly Bailey, MD,PhD, a sarcoma specialist in the Division who is investigating the Ewing sarcoma tumor microenvironment. (upmcphysicianresources.com)
  • In addition, ITI-3000 induced changes in the tumor microenvironment, including increased numbers of CD4 and CD8 T cells, reduced frequency of myeloid cells, and enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine production. (biospace.com)
  • Th1 responses, measured by IFN-γ ELISA, were considered antigen-specific if IFN-γ production was at least twice that of irrelevant control. (bmj.com)
  • More importantly, tumor antigens can be used in cancer therapy as tumor antigen vaccines. (wikipedia.org)
  • AP2S1 , P3H4 , and RAC3 were identified as candidate tumor-specific antigens, and patients with the BCS2 and BCS1A subtypes were identified as candidate populations for mRNA vaccines. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we demonstrated that intradermal administration of clinically relevant vaccines efficiently induces Trm cells specific for tumor-specific and self-antigens that accumulate in vaccinated and non-vaccinated skin. (lifeboat.com)
  • Here we demonstrated that a single intradermal administration of gene- or protein-based vaccines efficiently induces specific Trm cell responses against models of tumor-specific and self-antigens, which accumulated in vaccinated and distant non-vaccinated skin. (lifeboat.com)
  • One of the limitations of cancer vaccines against shared antigens in different cancers in general is that the overexpression of some of these antigens is restricted to only a subset of tumors. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Here, we describe for the first time a streamlined pipeline for the generation of personalized cancer vaccines starting from the isolation and selection of the most immunogenic peptide candidates expressed on the tumor cells and ending in the generation of efficient therapeutic oncolytic cancer vaccines. (elifesciences.org)
  • Immunotherapies include checkpoint inhibitory antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, cancer vaccines, and oncolytic viruses. (moffitt.org)
  • Emerging data suggest that the combination of DC-based vaccination with other cancer therapies may fully unleash the potential of DC-based cancer vaccines and improve patient survival. (moffitt.org)
  • MCPyV integrates into the host genome, resulting in expression of a truncated form of the viral large T antigen (LT) in infected cells, and makes LT an attractive target for therapeutic cancer vaccines. (biospace.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggest that second-generation influenza vaccines with higher hemagglutinin (HA) antigen content and/or different production methods may induce stronger antibody responses to HA than standard-dose egg-based influenza vaccines in adults. (cdc.gov)
  • These findings suggest that recombinant vaccines rather than vaccines with higher egg-based antigen doses may provide improved antibody responses in highly vaccinated populations. (cdc.gov)
  • In contrast, mutation of other genes unrelated to the tumor formation may lead to synthesis of abnormal proteins which are called tumor-associated antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evidence has recently been obtained that two very different recombinatorial systems for lymphocyte antigen receptor diversification appeared at the beginning of vertebrate evolution approximately 500 million years ago. (scielo.br)
  • Jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) generate a diverse repertoire of B and T cell antigen receptors through the rearrangement of immunoglobulin V, D, and J gene fragments, whereas jawless fish (agnathans) assemble diverse lymphocyte antigen receptor genes through the genomic rearrangement of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) - encoding molecules. (scielo.br)
  • In the metastatic setting, it has been reported that 80% or more of these tumors express folate receptor alpha. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Transfusion of autologous tumor-specific CTLs 1-4 and blockade of T cell inhibitory receptors 5-7 have demonstrated to elicit durable clinical benefit in a significant proportion of patients with melanoma, leukemia, lymphoma and other cancers, who failed to respond to conventional treatments. (lifeboat.com)
  • Phase I/II study of vaccination with electrofused allogeneic dendritic cells/autologous tumor-derived cells in patients with stage IV renal cell carcinoma. (nwbio.com)
  • Vaccination of prostatectomized prostate cancer patients in biochemical relapse, with autologous dendritic cells pulsed with recombinant human PSA. (nwbio.com)
  • The MVX-ONCO-2 consists of two components: 1) biocompatible capsules, loaded with a genetically modified cell-line that secretes a strong immune-booster GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor) and 2) irradiated autologous patients' tumor cells, isolated from patients which serve as tumor antigens. (b3cnewswire.com)
  • The autologous patients' tumor cells will be processed at the clinical sites. (b3cnewswire.com)
  • The ex vivo delivery of a tumour-associated antigen to autologous cells and the subsequent re-administration of these cells to the patient might prove effective in boosting the T cell immune response. (illinois.edu)
  • Importantly for future clinical trials, stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from a melanoma patient by AdCMVMAGE- 1-transduced autologous cells resulted in the generation of specific CTLs against the MAGE-1 antigen. (illinois.edu)
  • The active components of CMN-001 are autologous, matured dendritic cells, which have been co-electroporated with both in vitro transcribed (IVT) RNA from an autologous tumor specimen and CD40L RNA. (moffitt.org)
  • However, the specific contribution of Trm cells to anti-tumor immunity is incompletely understood. (lifeboat.com)
  • 8-10 Long-lasting protective immunity relies on the efficient establishment of long-lived memory CD8 + T cells, which have the potential to eradicate primary and disseminated tumors. (lifeboat.com)
  • Here, we illustrated that myeloid cells in K14HPV16/H2b mice possess potent immunosuppressive activity toward antigen-presenting cells and CD8 + T cells, dampening antitumor immunity. (nih.gov)
  • These results established immunosuppressive myeloid cells in lymphoid organs as an HPV + cancer-induced means of circumventing tumor immunity that will require targeted abrogation to enable the induction of efficacious antitumor immune responses. (nih.gov)
  • Indeed, the use of peptides for eliciting specific antitumor adaptive immunity is hindered by two main limitations: the efficient selection of the most optimal candidate peptides and the use of a highly immunogenic platform to combine with the peptides to induce effective tumor-specific adaptive immune responses. (elifesciences.org)
  • Secondary or multiple vaccinations improved the correlates of protection triggered by 17DD-YF primary vaccination, indicating that booster regimens are needed to achieve efficient immunity in areas with high risk for virus transmission. (cdc.gov)
  • Due to their proficiency at antigen presentation, DCs are key coordinators in the induction of antitumor immunity. (moffitt.org)
  • The major focus of the Department of Immunology is on Translational Immunology and its spectrum of basic research covers T cell biology, antibodies, antigen presentation and innate immunity. (immunology-tuebingen.de)
  • These data suggest that CNS tumors may impair systemic antitumor immunity and consequently accelerate cancer progression locally as well as outside the CNS, whereas antitumor immunity may be restored by combining vaccination with radiation therapy. (xstrahl.com)
  • Alphavirus vectors carrying therapeutic or toxic genes used for intratumoral injections have demonstrated efficient tumor regression. (genetherapynet.com)
  • Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation after nonmyeloablative conditioning with fludarabine/total body irradiation is feasible and may induce tumor regression or stabilization in some patients. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The protocol will test whether the T cells that are designed to withstand the toxic effects of the tumor are able to mediate tumor regression in patients with advanced ovarian cancer that has failed to regress after chemotherapy. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • Moreover, we found that sequentially administering LPS during or one day prior to ACT therapy compromised tumor regression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, clinically applicable vaccination strategies that efficiently establish Trm cell responses remain largely unexplored and are expected to strongly protect against tumors. (lifeboat.com)
  • Vaccination strategies eliciting CTL responses specific for tumor-specific and self-antigens have shown promising results in recent clinical trials. (lifeboat.com)
  • Fusion cell vaccination of patients with metastatic breast and renal cancer induces immunological and clinical responses. (nwbio.com)
  • This phase I trial assessed the safety, efficacy, and immunologic responses to minor histocompatibility antigens following nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation as treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (aacrjournals.org)
  • And in that that study, which was published in Clinical Cancer Research a few months ago, vaccination had elicited T-cell responses in virtually every single patient that received the product. (cancernetwork.com)
  • However, clinical responses to DC-based vaccination have only been observed in a minority of patients with solid cancer. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • In particular, we are aiming to characterize the molecular and cellular mechanisms which control and shape the quality and quantity of antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses during viral infections or vector-based vaccination. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • We found that CTL responses against MVA-produced antigens were dominated by cross-priming in vivo , despite the ability of the virus to efficiently infect professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) such as dendritic cells (DC). (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • The purpose of this study is to determine if vaccination with HLA-A2 restricted peptides, combined with the immunoadjuvant imiquimod is safe and can induce immune responses in children who have recurrent ependymomas. (upmcphysicianresources.com)
  • However, systematic analysis of T cell immune responses to MAGE-A3 antigen and corresponding antigen-specific TCR is still lacking. (thno.org)
  • Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) reinvigorates anti-tumor immune responses by disrupting co-inhibitory T-cell signaling, relapse frequently occurs after ICB treatment and acquired resistance often emergence after initial response [ 4 ]. (thno.org)
  • Post-translational modification of proteins has the potential to alter the ability of T cells to recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class -I and class-II restricted antigens, thereby resulting in altered immune responses. (scancell.co.uk)
  • CD8 responses were assessed in vitro for cytotoxicity and in vivo tumor therapy. (scancell.co.uk)
  • In addition, the polyfunctional cellular immune responses elicited by YF vaccination that contribute to protection also displayed a time-dependent decline following primary vaccination ( 11 , 12 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Intramuscular vaccination of mice with the naked pBI-11 DNA plasmid targeting E6 and E7 of HPV16 and HPV18 via a conventional syringe and needle generates human papillomavirus (HPV) antigen-specific CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses and therapeutic effects against the TC-1 tumor model. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, we characterized the HPV antigen-specific CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses and anti-tumor effects generated by pBI-11 DNA vaccination by each route of administration, as well as by split-dose multi-site injection. (bvsalud.org)
  • Intradermal, but not intramuscular, vaccination via customized needle-free Tropis biojector elicited greater HPV antigen-specific CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses as well as anti-tumor effects compared to intramuscular injection of pBI-11 with a needle. (bvsalud.org)
  • We have recently demonstrated that vaccination with irradiated murine allogeneic ovarian cancer cells secreting heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) were capable of generating potent tumor antigen-specific immune responses and strong anti-tumor effects against ovarian cancers (Chang et al. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • CD154) is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of activated T cells, particularly on CD4 T cells, which stimulates CD40-dependent activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), resulting in enhancement of T cell and antibody responses. (biospace.com)
  • Immune responses to antigens originating in the central nervous system (CNS) are generally attenuated, as collateral damage can have devastating consequences. (xstrahl.com)
  • Dendritic cells acquire antigen from apoptotic cells and induce class I-restricted CTLs. (nwbio.com)
  • To induce an efficient anti-tumor response against the patients' own tumor cells, the encapsulated GM-CSF secreting cells are implanted subcutaneously at the site of tumor-cell vaccination. (b3cnewswire.com)
  • Dr. Sadelain demonstrated that human peripheral blood T cells could be effectively redirected to recognize the CO19 antigen and eradicate established, systemic human B cell tumors borne by immunodeficient mice, This was the first publication showing that genetically modified human T cells can induce durable remissions in an in vivo setting. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • Therefore, our work highlights the therapeutic potential of vaccination-induced Trm cells to achieve potent protection against skin malignancies. (lifeboat.com)
  • Successful TIL therapy starts with the identification, enrichment, stimulation, and expansion of potent tumor-reactive T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We further show that both hematologic cancers and solid tumors, including sarcomas and carcinomas, are amenable to myeloid-lineage reprogramming into TR-APCs. (lu.se)
  • The physical structure of these solid tumors presents a formidable challenge to drug delivery vehicles that need to penetrate and reach all cancer cells in order to be optimally effective. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • The goal of this research is to develop synthetic nanoparticles that efficiently penetrate solid tumors. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • The finding that many human melanomas express distinct antigens that can be recognised by specific cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) implies that immunotherapeutic strategies against this cancer might prove effective. (illinois.edu)
  • The introduction of genes that code for tumor-specific receptors into T lymphocytes, which are cells of the immune system that mediate tumor elimination, was a novel approach to cancer therapy. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • In this study, immunogenic HER3 CD4 peptides effectively overcome immune tolerance to self-tumor antigens. (bmj.com)
  • The result is the immunogenic cell death of tumor cells, accompanied by an auto-vaccination preventing the recurrence of cancer. (pipelinereview.com)
  • Renal cell carcinoma is an immunogenic tumor, and spontaneous regressions have been documented. (medscape.com)
  • CD4 T-helper type 1 (Th1) cells secrete INF-γ/TNF-α, inducing tumor senescence and apoptosis. (bmj.com)
  • Tumor antigen is an antigenic substance produced in tumor cells, i.e., it triggers an immune response in the host. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tumor antigens are useful tumor markers in identifying tumor cells with diagnostic tests and are potential candidates for use in cancer therapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Initially tumor antigens were broadly classified into two categories based on their pattern of expression: Tumor-Specific Antigens (TSA), which are present only on tumor cells and not on any other cell and Tumor-Associated Antigens (TAA), which are present on some tumor cells and also some normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • This classification, however, is imperfect because many antigens thought to be tumor-specific turned out to be expressed on some normal cells as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mutant protein antigens are likely to be much more specific to cancer cells because normal cells shouldn't contain these proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Normal cells will display the normal protein antigen on their MHC molecules, whereas cancer cells will display the mutant version. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cancer-testis antigens are antigens expressed primarily in the germ cells of the testes, but also in fetal ovaries and the trophoblast. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some cancer cells aberrantly express these proteins and therefore present these antigens, allowing attack by T-cells specific to these antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins that are normally produced in very low quantities but whose production is dramatically increased in tumor cells, trigger an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition to proteins, other substances like cell surface glycolipids and glycoproteins may also have an abnormal structure in tumor cells and could thus be targets of the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tumor antigens, because of their relative abundance in tumor cells are useful in identifying specific tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • TIMER was used to evaluate the connection between candidate antigens and infiltration of antigen-presenting cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Therapeutic cancer vaccination seeks to elicit activation of tumor-reactive T cells capable of recognizing tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and eradicating malignant cells. (lu.se)
  • Here, we present a cancer vaccination approach utilizing myeloid lineage reprogramming to directly convert cancer cells into tumor reprogrammed-antigen presenting cells (TR-APCs). (lu.se)
  • Interestingly, vaccination-induced Trm cells strongly suppress the growth of melanoma, independently of circulating CD8 T cells, and were able to infiltrate melanoma tumors. (lifeboat.com)
  • Emerging evidence indicates that Trm cells develop in human solid cancers and play a key role in controlling tumor growth. (lifeboat.com)
  • Vaccination-induced Trm cells were largely resistant to in vivo intravascular staining and antibody-dependent depletion. (lifeboat.com)
  • Intradermal, but not intraperitoneal vaccination, generated memory precursors expressing skin-homing molecules in circulation and Trm cells in skin. (lifeboat.com)
  • NK cells coordinate tumor immunosurveillance and the immune response against pathogens. (scielo.br)
  • Patients were monitored for donor engraftment of myeloid and lymphoid cells, for clinical response by serial imaging, and for immunologic response by in vitro isolation of donor-derived CD8 + CTLs recognizing recipient minor histocompatibility (H) antigens. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Clones from three patients with a partial response or stable disease recognized antigens expressed on renal cell carcinoma tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • CD8 + CTL-recognizing minor H antigens on tumor cells can be isolated posttransplant and could contribute to the graft- versus -tumor effect. (aacrjournals.org)
  • For prophylactic vaccination, mice were vaccinated three times in weekly intervals prior to tumor challenge with Panc02 cells. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • DC-based vaccination also prevented death from pulmonary metastatization after i.v.-injection of Panc02 cells. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • SCLC-associated antigens that are recognized by T cells are largely unknown. (immunology-tuebingen.de)
  • Importantly, T cells artificially expressing the MAGE-A3-Mp4 specific TCRs exhibited strong MAGE-A3+ tumor cell recognition and killing effect. (thno.org)
  • however, the challenge for T cells is to recognize tumour antigens whilst minimizing cross-reactivity with antigens associated with healthy tissue. (scancell.co.uk)
  • Some tumour cells, including those associated with viral infections, have clear, tumour-specific antigens that can be targeted by T cells. (scancell.co.uk)
  • B16-OVA tumors benefited from a synergistic effect, reaching 75% of tumor rejection, but higher levels of exhausted T-cells in LLC-OVA tumors co-expressing PD-1, LAG3 and TIM3 precluded similar levels of efficacy. (unav.edu)
  • The resultant T cells, however, must maintain their ability to recognize the native configuration of the peptide-MHC interaction on the tumor cell target. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We observed progressive decline of plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT) seropositivity and of the levels of effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as interferon-γ+CD8+ T cells, 10 years after primary vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • They're injecting HER2 pulsed dendritic cells (MCC 20915) made from the patient back into their breast tumor before chemotherapy. (moffitt.org)
  • Having examined the nature of the signals required by the T cells for their own survival and sustained functionality, Dr. Sadelain designed improved antigen receptors that provide both activating and co-stimulatory signals to the tumor-targeted T cell. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • The engineered T cells eradicate large tumors in pre-clinical experiments. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • One is the ability to administer large numbers of highly selected cells with high avidity for tumor antigens that can recognize shared and patient-specific mutated (neo) antigens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • B16F10-bearing mice were preconditioned with 5Gy TBI and given a tripartite ACT therapy (consisting of transferred pmel-1 CD8 + T cells, vaccination with fowlpox encoding gp100, and IL-2) along with TLR4 agonist LPS. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we report that while exogenous administration of LPS was able to enhance adoptively transferred CD8 + T cells' tumor destruction, LPS treatment alone did not replace individual components of the tripartite ACT regimen, or obviate TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast, administering LPS after ACT potentiated the antitumor effectiveness of the regimen, thereby supporting the expansion of transferred tumor-specific CD8 + T cells over host CD4 + T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Finally, TBI was no longer needed to regress tumors in mice who were depleted of host CD4 + T cells, given a tripartite ACT regimen and then treated with low dose LPS. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Expose the body to harmless fragments (antigens) from disease-causing viruses or bacteria and our immune system will produce antibodies and white blood cells (T cells) to attack what it recognises as foreign material. (newstatesman.com)
  • Vaccination with LTS220A-UNITE (ITI-3000) induced antigen-specific CD4 Th1 cells that was associated with delayed tumor growth and enhanced survival in treated mice in both the prophylactic and therapeutic settings. (biospace.com)
  • IFx primes and educates the immune system to destroy tumor cells throughout the body without harming healthy cells and tissues. (precisionvaccinations.com)
  • Cytokine analysis of tissues from brain tumor-bearing mice detected elevated TGFβ secretion from microglia and in the serum and TGFβ signaling blockade reversed tolerance of tumor antigen-directed CD8 T cells. (xstrahl.com)
  • CNS melanomas were more tolerogenic than equivalently progressed tumors outside the CNS as antigen-specific CD8 T cells were deleted and exhibited impaired cytotoxicity. (xstrahl.com)
  • and, in response to antigen, are subsequently secreted by plasma cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Examples of antigens include bacteria, viruses, toxins , cancer cells, and foreign blood or tissues from another person or species. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effects of Vaccinations with HLA-A2 Restricted Tumor Antigen-Peptides in Combination with Imiquimod for Children with Recurrent Ependymomas. (upmcphysicianresources.com)
  • A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effects of Vaccinations with HLA-A2-Restricted Glioma Antigen-Peptides in Combination with Poly-ICLC for Children with Newly Diagnosed Malignant or Intrinsic Brain Stem Gliomas (BSG), High-Grade Gliomas (HGG), or Low-Grade Gliomas (LGG). (upmcphysicianresources.com)
  • A Phase II Study of Vaccinations with HLA-A2 Restricted Glioma Peptides in Combination with Poly-ICLC for Children with Recurrent Unresectable Low-Grade Gliomas. (upmcphysicianresources.com)
  • Homocitrullinated peptides were identified and assessed in vitro for HLA-A2 binding and in vivo in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) transgenic mouse models for immunogenicity. (scancell.co.uk)
  • Human tumor samples were analyzed by targeted mass spectrometry for presence of homocitrullinated peptides. (scancell.co.uk)
  • This is the first evidence that homocitrullinated peptides can be processed and presented via MHC-I and targeted for tumor therapy. (scancell.co.uk)
  • Hsp70 has been shown to bind antigenic peptides from tumors. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • Importantly, in vivo the homocitrullinated aldolase specific response was associated with efficient CD8 dependent antitumor therapy of the aggressive murine B16 tumor model indicating that this epitope is naturally presented in the tumor. (scancell.co.uk)
  • This immunopeptidomics-based pipeline was carefully validated in a murine colon tumor model CT26. (elifesciences.org)
  • Dendritic cell-based vaccination combined with gemcitabine increases survival in a murine pancreatic carcinoma model. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Here, we used a murine pancreatic carcinoma model to investigate whether combination with gemcitabine increases therapeutic efficacy of DCbased vaccination. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • It produced tumor-free survival of mice immunized with the E7 iBioModulator antigen. (globenewswire.com)
  • Combination of the two strategies significantly increased survival of tumor-bearing mice (50 % at day 58 after tumor challenge). (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The researchers found that a single vaccination with the antigen α-lactalbumin prevents breast cancer tumors from forming in mice, while also inhibiting the growth of already existing tumors. (biopharminternational.com)
  • Single-site intramuscular delivery of pBI-11 via a needle elicited therapeutic anti-tumor effects in mice and is now being tested in high-risk human papillomavirus+ head and neck cancer patients (NCT05799144). (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: Therapeutic HPV18 E7 DNA vaccination did not elicit any significant CD8 + T cell response in HLA-A1, HLA-24, HLA-B7, HLA-B44 transgenic or wild type C57BL/6 mice, but it did generate a strong HLA-A2 and HLA-A11 restricted HPV18E7-specific CD8 + T cell immune response. (bvsalud.org)
  • Adoptive cell therapy using engineered T-cell receptors (TCRs) targeting cancer-testis antigens, such as Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3), is a potential approach for the treatment of NSCLC. (thno.org)
  • Together, our data emphasize the utility of adenoviruses as vaccination vehicles and highlight the potential efficacy of this approach for the treatment of melanoma. (illinois.edu)
  • This improved efficacy was associated with higher tumor T-cell infiltration and overexpression of PD-1/PD-L1. (unav.edu)
  • The significance of this finding for the efficacy of tumor-targeted immunotherapies is largely unknown. (xstrahl.com)
  • Conversely, tumor antigen-specific vaccination in combination with focal radiation therapy reversed tolerance and improved survival. (xstrahl.com)
  • The possibility of disease-free survival increases after resection of primary tumor and isolated metastasis excision. (medscape.com)
  • Antibodies and antigens fit tightly together because their shape and other surface properties (eg, charge) are complementary. (msdmanuals.com)
  • When the immune system detects an antigen, it responds by producing proteins called antibodies that destroy the harmful substances. (medlineplus.gov)
  • citation needed] Products of Mutated Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes Products of Other Mutated Genes Overexpressed or Aberrantly Expressed Cellular Proteins Tumor Antigens Produced by Oncogenic Viruses Oncofetal Antigens Altered Cell Surface Glycolipids and Glycoproteins Cell Type-Specific Differentiation Antigens Any protein produced in a tumor cell that has an abnormal structure due to mutation can act as a tumor antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mutation of protooncogenes and tumor suppressors which lead to abnormal protein production are the cause of the tumor and thus such abnormal proteins are called tumor-specific antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some viral proteins are implicated in forming cancer (oncogenesis), and some viral antigens are also cancer antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tripartite Motif Containing 13 (TRIM13), a member of TRIM proteins, is deleted in multiple tumor types, especially in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. (cancerindex.org)
  • Effective therapeutic vaccination to treat HPV-induced cancer has been a long-desired but difficult to achieve objective of healthcare professionals. (globenewswire.com)
  • However, advanced forms of cervical cancer, driven by HPV, are poorly responsive to immune response-enhancing treatments involving therapeutic vaccination against these viral neoantigens. (nih.gov)
  • Therapeutic vaccination was started when tumors formed a palpable nodule. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Thus, TR-APCs represent a cancer vaccination therapeutic strategy with broad implications for clinical immuno-oncology. (lu.se)
  • Dr. Broniscer has more than two decades of clinical and research experience studying brain and spinal cord tumors in children with an emphasis on diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). (upmcphysicianresources.com)
  • TL-532 also demonstrated its remarkable ability to overcome Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) tumor-resistance, thus increasing the clinical landscape for ICI combination treatment. (pipelinereview.com)
  • In clinical practice, a key challenge for generating TIL products is the accessibility, quantity, and quality of tumor tissue in the era of neo-adjuvant therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For additional information about the degree of immune suppression associated with different medical conditions and treatments, providers can consult ACIP's General Best Practices for Vaccination of People with Altered Immunocompetence , the 2013 IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline for Vaccination of the Immunocompromised Host , and the AAP Red Book . (cdc.gov)
  • The timing of LPS administration and the requirement of individual components of the tripartite therapy were evaluated based on tumor growth and the phenotype of recovered splenocytes by flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Successful development of these therapies relies on several aspects, including antigen identification, immunogenicity validation, adjuvant selection, as well as patient stratification which are the focus of our group. (immunology-tuebingen.de)
  • Vaccination using optimized strategies may increase response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in some tumors. (unav.edu)
  • The modern classification of tumor antigens is based on their molecular structure and source. (wikipedia.org)
  • This also includes to broaden our knowledge and understanding of virus-host interactions on the molecular level for instance with components of the antigen processing and presentation machinery. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)
  • Cellular Components of the Immune System The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
  • and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens (Ags). (msdmanuals.com)
  • They could therefore be used to vaccinate against viral, bacterial, protozoan, and tumor antigens . (genetherapynet.com)
  • 3. Immune encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, genetic metabolic brain injury, brain tumor, space occupying and trauma without intracranial bacterial infection. (who.int)
  • High-grade glioma (HGG) are the most frequent malignant primary brain tumor, which account for 80% of all gliomas in the United States, and are encountered with an annual incidence of 5.26 per 100,000 population, or 17,000 new cases diagnosed per year. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Results: Prophylactic DC-based vaccination completely prevented subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor development and induced immunological memory as well as tumor antigen-specific CTL. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The overall objective of this pilot study is to collect immunological and safety data following administration of vaccinations with HLA-A2. (upmcphysicianresources.com)
  • The treatment for bladder cancer is dependent on diagnosis via transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). (frontiersin.org)
  • To (1): we are taking part to several early experimental vaccination trials in cancer patients. (immunology-tuebingen.de)
  • Their unique approach on cancer immunotherapies addresses a significant unmet medical need for patients with difficult-to-treat tumors. (b3cnewswire.com)
  • Complex cellular interactions between the immune system and cancer can impact tumour development, growth, and progression. (scancell.co.uk)
  • Examples of tumor-specific antigens include the abnormal products of ras and p53 genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr. Jain's study will test an alternative treatment using a special polymer compound to deliver genes to the tumor site. (acgtfoundation.org)
  • Vaccination with JYNNEOS is considered safe for people who are immunocompromised, including those with HIV or primary immunodeficiency or from immunosuppressive therapies. (cdc.gov)
  • Therefore, this study filtered candidate antigens and specific mRNA-suitable populations in BLCA via comprehensive multi-omics analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • AP2S1 , P3H4 , and RAC3 were identified as candidate tumor-specific antigens for BLCA. (frontiersin.org)
  • The second section discusses how specific immunocompromising conditions may alter recommendations for vaccination. (cdc.gov)