Tumor activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule. Medical search. Frequent questions

2002 Nov 7;45(23):4954-7.Discovery of gamma-lactam hydroxamic acids as selective inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme: design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships. (idrblab.net)
2010 Mar 25;53(6):2622-35.Potent arylsulfonamide inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme able to reduce activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule shedding in cancer cell models. (idrblab.net)
A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype that has specificity for TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA and LYMPHOTOXIN ALPHA. (childrensmercy.org)
Progressive biliary destruction is independent of a functional tumor necrosis factor-alpha pathway in a rhesus rotavirus-induced murine model of biliary atresia. (childrensmercy.org)
The development of CM is biologically complex and involves multiple mechanisms such as sequestration, immunopathology by the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)

Activated endothelial cells upregulate surface CD62E expression in response to various activators including inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor. (bdbiosciences.com)
Its surface mesothelium and submesothelial stroma and structure pose no substantial barriers to inflammatory modulatory cytokines, chemokines and other molecules produced by the tumor or its metastasis, at least to a depth of approximately 1 mm [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
CD62E is highly expressed on activated endothelial cells (IL-2, TNF-α, other cytokines can increase expression) and can also be expressed on endothelial cells in the skin, bone marrow and placenta. (biolegend.com)
Activated by cytokines and chemokines, leukocytes and endothelial cells express distinct adhesion molecules on their cell surfaces [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
When an infection is caused by invaders entering our tissue through a damaged epidermis (wound), the sentinel cells respond by releasing ''cytokines'' (there are about 50 different cytokines e.g. (bio-physics.at)
Cytokines cause vascular endothelial cells to produce ''adhesion molecules'' (E-selectin, P-selectin) and lead to ''vasodilation'' (widening of bood vessles). (bio-physics.at)
Cytokines are small proteins with well characterised effects on cell survival, migration and activation in a range of biological systems and cell types. (encyclopedia.pub)
Cytokines are small, soluble proteins weighing thirty kilodaltons or less that are synthesized and secreted by a range of cells, including both immune cells, such as neutrophils, B-, and T-cells, and stromal cells, such as endothelial cells and fibroblasts [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Cytokines are also able to act in a manner independent of secretion and can act as cell surface ligands. (encyclopedia.pub)
While soluble cytokines may promote unidirectional signalling into the target cells, cell surface cytokines can initiate bi-directional outside-in signalling [ 7 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
TNF- is definitely produced primarily by triggered macrophages and T lymphocytes, among additional cells, induces additional proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 and enhances leukocyte migration by inducing manifestation of adhesion molecules by endothelial cells and leukocytes. (lavoixdesrroms.org)
Cytokines bind to their receptors, activating signal transduction pathways such as adenylate cyclase/cAMP, phospholipase C/inositol trisphosphate, and Ca 2+ and tyrosine kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
Other profibrotic, collagen synthesis stimulating cytokines include endothelin, interleukin (IL)-1 and mast cell tryptase. (biomedcentral.com)
Three major cytokines, namely, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6 are produced by cultured brain cells after various stimuli such as ischemia. (eurekaselect.com)
BZK induced a significant increase in the severity of the clinical score, infiltration of inflammatory cells, local expression of inflammatory cytokines in subcutaneous tissue, and total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E. PVP-I increased the clinical score, number of mast cells, and production of inflammatory cytokines, and total serum IgE. (medsci.org)
Inflammation is traditionally defined by the four Latin words calor, dolor, rubor and tumor, as firstly described by the Roman Aulus Cornelius Celsus in its De Medicina, meaning heat, pain, redness and swelling, as effects if the action of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators on the local blood vessels. (wearecellix.com)
Cytokines have important effects on the adhesive properties of the endothelium, causing circulating leukocytes to adhere to the endothelial lining of the blood vessel wall before transmigrating to the site of inflammation. (wearecellix.com)
E-selectin, also known as CD62E, is a cell adhesion molecule expressed only on endothelial cells activated by cytokines. (wearecellix.com)
At infection sites, activated T cells secrete cytokines (eg, interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma]) that induce production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, preventing macrophages from leaving. (msdmanuals.com)
M1, "classically activated," pro-inflammatory macrophages are stimulated by cytokines such as IFN-gamma and by various microbial components (eg, lipopolysaccharide). (msdmanuals.com)
M2 "alternatively activated" anti-inflammatory macrophages are stimulated predominantly by cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13. (msdmanuals.com)
Cytokines are regulatory compounds produced by cells of the immune system [T(H)1 and T(H)2] and act as intracellular mediators and control the immune and inflammatory reponses 9 . (bvsalud.org)
T(H)1 control the cell-mediated response and produce a number of proinflammatory cytokines, e.g. (bvsalud.org)

ICAM-1 ligation produces proinflammatory effects such as inflammatory leukocyte recruitment by signaling through cascades involving a number of kinases, including the kinase p56lyn. (wikipedia.org)
These three proteins are generally expressed on endothelial cells and leukocytes, and they bind to ICAM-1 to facilitate transmigration of leukocytes across vascular endothelia in processes such as extravasation and the inflammatory response. (wikipedia.org)
In particular, ICAM-1 signaling seems to produce a recruitment of inflammatory immune cells such as macrophages and granulocytes. (wikipedia.org)
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns released by infecting organisms not only bind immune receptors on inflammatory cells but also bind receptors on cells in the heart ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Toll-like receptors are transmembrane glycoproteins, which recognize many PAMPs with extracellular domains and aggravate the exaggerated inflammatory response to bacterial infection through activating nuclear factor (NF)-κB ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
We previously showed that tumor-free peritoneum of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) exhibited enhanced expression of several inflammatory response genes compared to peritoneum of benign disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we examined peritoneal inflammatory cell patterns to determine their concordance with selected enhanced genes. (biomedcentral.com)
It is perhaps a paradox that the peritoneum which is organized to protect the integrity of intraabdominal organs by facilitating infiltration of inflammatory cells to sites of injury and infection, might also serve to facilitate the promotion of tumor growth and spread. (biomedcentral.com)
The peritoneum and its extension, the intestinal serosa, include a vast surface area for transit of inflammatory cells into the abdominal cavity. (biomedcentral.com)
CD62E is involved in tethering and leucocyte rolling on activated endothelium at inflammatory sites and may also play a role in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. (biolegend.com)
T cells can participate in the inflammatory response of IDD by highly expressing gamma interferon (IFN- γ ) [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, inflammatory mediators released by irradiated dying cells can attract and regulate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), further killing cancer cells. (nature.com)
it also inhibits apoptosis of inflammatory cells. (lavoixdesrroms.org)
Infliximab can also Dapagliflozin (BMS512148) reduce the quantity of inflammatory cells in the sites of inflammation because it decreases the levels of chemokines and endothelial adhesion molecules, however it does not produce a generalized suppression of cellular Dapagliflozin (BMS512148) immune function (Cornillie et al 2001). (lavoixdesrroms.org)
We found that FAK in tumor cells regulates pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokine secretion. (biomedcentral.com)
Taken together, these data suggest that FAK inhibition increases immune surveillance programs in PDAC tumors by overcoming the fibrotic and inflammatory microenvironment rendering tumors more responsive to immunotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Et-OH increased the clinical score and number of inflammatory cells, but showed no effect on serum IgE levels. (medsci.org)
Specifically, the use of leukocyte-derived membrane proteins to functionalize nanovesicles (leukosomes) can enable their long circulation and target the inflamed endothelium present in many inflammatory pathologies and tumors, making them a promising and versatile drug delivery system. (frontiersin.org)
WBCs WBCs (or leukocytes) play a key role in protecting the body from infection and coordinating the inflammatory response. (espritsupply.com)

Our findings of both an overall activated immune profıle and immunosuppressive microenvironment provide novel insights into the complex immune milieu of MIBC with inflammation and supports its clinical significance for predicting prognosis and immunotherapeutic responsiveness, which warrants further investigation. (sciencegate.app)
We hypothesized that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiota would suppress cytokine profiles in the host, thereby leading to changes in the tumor microenvironment. (uams.edu)
Although RT is an important modality for cancer treatment, the consequential changes caused by RT in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have not yet been fully elucidated. (nature.com)
Tumors exhibit significant myeloid cell infiltrates, which are actively recruited to the tumor microenvironment. (hindawi.com)
Finally, we will comment on the mechanisms regulating myeloid cell recruitment to the tumor microenvironment and on the potential of myeloid cells as new targets for cancer therapy. (hindawi.com)
This may be due to the presence of the uniquely immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment present in PDACs that creates a barrier to immune surveillance by T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
To understand which signaling pathways in pancreatic tumor cells might drive this suppressive tumor microenvironment, we analyzed the correlation between hyper-activated signaling molecules and tumor infiltrating leukocytes using 50 human PDAC tumor tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
The oral FAK kinase inhibitor VS-4718, currently in Phase I clinical evaluation, was tested to determine if it could overcome the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of PDAC. (biomedcentral.com)
We postulated that the desirable effects of FAK inhibition on the tumor microenvironment might render PDAC tumors more sensitive to immunotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)

Upregulation of numerous IFN-γ-inducible chemokines, class II MHC molecules and immune checkpoint genes was detected as part of the complex immune response to MIBC. (sciencegate.app)
Chemokines presented by edothelial cells are specifically recognised by chemokine receptors of some leukocytes. (bio-physics.at)
For infections lasting longer than a day, differnent chemokines are prouced, that attract another class of leukocytes known as monocytes, they are also involved in wound healing. (bio-physics.at)

CD62E may also play a role in the metastasis of certain tumor cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Specifically, we studied whether ALCAM acts as both a 'seed' receptor in these tumour cells and a 'soil' receptor in peritoneal mesothelial cells during cancer metastasis. (cardiff.ac.uk)
It acts as not only a potential peritoneal 'soil' receptor of tumour seeding but also a 'soil' receptor in peritoneal mesothelial cells during cancer metastasis. (cardiff.ac.uk)
CD24 is a hepatic cancer stem cell biomarker that is closely associated with apoptosis, metastasis and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. (stemcellsciencenews.com)
Myeloid cells are a heterogeneous population of bone marrow-derived cells that play a critical role during growth and metastasis of malignant tumors. (hindawi.com)
Myeloid cells promote tumor growth by stimulating tumor angiogenesis, suppressing tumor immunity, and promoting metastasis to distinct sites. (hindawi.com)
Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, occurs at different stages during embryonic development, physiological processes such as wound healing and reproduction, and numerous diseases, including inflammation, tumor progression, and metastasis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
This suggested that EPCs are able to differentiate into endothelial cells and that such cells are incorporated into sites of active angiogenesis including ischemia, tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis in adult organisms [ 16 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)

ICAM-1 is an endothelial- and leukocyte-associated transmembrane protein long known for its importance in stabilizing cell-cell interactions and facilitating leukocyte endothelial transmigration. (wikipedia.org)

Biotin has an extremely high affinity for the Avidin family of proteins (Kd = 10-15 M), making it the perfect tool to link two molecules. (bdbiosciences.com)
Bevilacqua MP, Stengelin S, Gimbrone MA Jr, Seed B. Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1: an inducible receptor for neutrophils related to complement regulatory proteins and lectins. (bdbiosciences.com)
ICAM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, the superfamily of proteins including antibodies and T-cell receptors. (wikipedia.org)
A class of proteins involved in the transport of molecules via TRANSPORT VESICLES. (lookformedical.com)
A family of proteins that play a role as cofactors in the process of CLATHRIN recycling in cells. (lookformedical.com)
A network of membrane compartments, located at the cytoplasmic side of the GOLGI APPARATUS, where proteins and lipids are sorted for transport to various locations in the cell or cell membrane. (lookformedical.com)
Vesicular transport proteins are distinguished from MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS, which move molecules across membranes, by the mode in which the molecules are transported. (lookformedical.com)
E-selectin recognizes and binds with low affinity to sialylated carbohydrates present on the surface proteins of certain leukocytes, causing the cells to roll along the endothelial surface of the blood vessel, as temporary interactions with exceptionally high on- and off-rates are established. (wearecellix.com)

ICAM-1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1) also known as CD54 (Cluster of Differentiation 54) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ICAM1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a type of intercellular adhesion molecule continuously present in low concentrations in the membranes of leukocytes and endothelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
After two, four and 24 hours, fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin was performed. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanistic studies revealed that this progression was mediated by suppressed TNF-α levels, both locally and systemically, resulting in reduced expression of tumor endothelial adhesion molecules, particularly intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and a subsequent decrease in the number of activated and effector CD8+ T-cells in the tumor. (uams.edu)

CD62E plays a role in leucocyte extravasation by promoting leucocyte rolling on activated endothelial cells during inflammation. (bdbiosciences.com)

ICAM-1 can be induced by interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and is expressed by the vascular endothelium, macrophages, and lymphocytes. (wikipedia.org)
In the first phase of the extravasation process, selectins such as L-selectin on leukocytes and E- and P-selectin on endothelial cells lead to a loose connection that permits tethering and rolling of leukocytes on the endothelium under hydrodynamic shear [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
05). The activated PMN response had an endothelium-dependent component, whereas the unactivated PMN response was endothelium-independent. (aspetjournals.org)
Unactivated PMNs appear to modulate tone via a secreted product, whereas the more activated phenotype modulates vascular tone via a cognate interaction with the endothelium. (aspetjournals.org)
We demonstrated leukosomes biocompatibility, endothelium adhesion capability, and tumor target in three-dimensional (3D) settings using CRC cell lines. (frontiersin.org)

Sections were first stained by indirect immunoperoxidase and numbers of monocytes/macrophages (MO/MA), T cells, B cells, and NK cells counted. (biomedcentral.com)
Macrophages'' and ''dendritic cells'' as well as ''mast cells'' belong to the class of antigen representing sentinel cells. (bio-physics.at)
CD11a is a leukocyte marker that is expressed in B and T lymphocytes, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils. (thermofisher.com)
CD11c is expressed in monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, some granulocytes and less so in a subset of lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
The innate immune system is mainly composed of myeloid lineage cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, and mast cells [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Although tumor cells were first thought to drive the cellular events underpinning tumor angiogenesis and growth, considerable evidence has now emerged for the central role of tumor infiltrating myeloid cells such as monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils in this phenomenon [ 8 - 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
This alteration in tumor progression was associated with dramatically reduced tumor fibrosis, decreased numbers of FOXP3 + Tregs and tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, and anti-tumor polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
Macrophages are phagocytic cells present in tissues throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)

When we placed dissociated glioma tissues on uncoated culture dishes, some cells formed sphere-like aggregates, whereas other cells grew out and extended cellular processes ( Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)
When activated, leukocytes bind to endothelial cells via ICAM-1/LFA-1 and then transmigrate into tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Both gastric and pancreatic tumour tissues from patients who developed peritoneal metastases had higher levels of ALCAM transcript than those without. (cardiff.ac.uk)
The extravasation of leukocytes from the vascular bed into surrounding tissues and organs is part of the host defense mechanisms against invading pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
It is constitutively expressed in most tissues and is a key mediator of tumor necrosis factor signaling in the vast majority of cells. (childrensmercy.org)
Binding to the chemokine receptor activates extravasion, leukocytes bind to endothelial cells via ICAM-1/LFA-1 and then transmigrate into tissues. (bio-physics.at)
Under physiological conditions, the major 4.TheRoleofBloodandLymphaticVessels functions of blood vessels include the supply of gases, �uid, in�n�ammation nutrition, and signaling molecules to the tissues with the Boththebloodandthelymphaticvascularsystemcontribute capillaries as the actual sites of exchange. (sagepub.com)
Upon culture in endothelial growth media, these cells expressed endothelial lineage markers, such as CD31, Tie2, and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and incorporated into blood vessels in ischemic tissues. (hindawi.com)
Dendritic cells are present in the skin (as Langerhans cells), lymph nodes, and tissues throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)

Rabbit vascular endothelial adhesion molecules: ELAM-1 is most elevated in acute inflammation, whereas VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 predominate in chronic inflammation. (cdc.gov)

CXCL8 (IL-8) and the chemokine receptor CCR1 were coexpressed more frequently on MO/MA than on CD3+ cells contrasting with CD68+/CD163+ cells that coexpressed CXCL8 less often. (biomedcentral.com)
Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP- 1) is an essential chemokine involved in monocyte rrafficking, together with its receptor CCR2, and a major chemoattractant for monocytes to inflamed endothelial cells. (wearecellix.com)

Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (childrensmercy.org)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I" by people in this website by year, and whether "Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (childrensmercy.org)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I" by people in Profiles. (childrensmercy.org)
Sentinel cells do not recognise molecules that allow them to classify specific cell types but rather broad classes of invaders such as for example viruses or bacterial cells by ''Pattern Recognition Receptors'' [e.g. (bio-physics.at)
These pits are the entry route for macromolecules bound by cell surface receptors. (lookformedical.com)
Endosomes internalize macromolecules bound by receptors on the cell surface. (lookformedical.com)
In the activated state, integrins bind tightly to complementary receptors expressed on endothelial cells. (wearecellix.com)
they have receptors for the crystallizable fragment (Fc) region of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and for complement, which enable them to bind with immune complexes and present the complex to B cells in germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs. (msdmanuals.com)

With the roles of ICAM-1 in cell-cell adhesion, extravasation, and infection more fully understood, a potential role for ICAM-1 in signal transduction was hypothesized. (wikipedia.org)
Adhesion molecules are important for the extravasation of neutrophils into organs where they may exhibit detrimental effects. (biomedcentral.com)

These antibodies are produced by plasma cells, which are derived from B lymphocytes. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic, vesiculobullous, mucocutaneous autoimmune fatal disease, characterized by the presence of antibodies against adhesion molecules (desmoglein, Dsg3) present on the surface of keratinocytes, leading to the loss of cellular adhesion or acantholysis and is typically associated with oral lesions 1-5 . (bvsalud.org)

The adhesion between endothelial CD62E molecules and a carbohydrate ligand on neutrophils is inhibited by the mAb 68-5H11. (bdbiosciences.com)
ELAM-1 mediates cell adhesion by recognition of a carbohydrate ligand, sialyl-Lex. (bdbiosciences.com)
ICAM-1 is a ligand for LFA-1 (integrin), a receptor found on leukocytes. (wikipedia.org)
At the same time, the nucleus pulposus cells release Fas ligand (FasL) tumor necrosis factor to destroy the infiltrating immune cells and maintain immune isolation [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
Immunotherapy mainly includes immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as inhibitors of PD-1 (programmed cell death 1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). (nature.com)

CD11c/CD18 binds to CD54, iC3b and fibrinogen and plays a role in leukocyte adhesive interactions. (thermofisher.com)
N418 binds to CD11c on splenic dendritic cells in the T-dependent areas of mouse spleen and precipitates a 150, 90 kDa heterodimer. (thermofisher.com)
This promotes the firm adhesion of the leukocytes through integrin-mediated binding, such as VLA-4 that binds to VCAM- 1, or LFA-1 to ICAM-1. (wearecellix.com)
A membrane-bound tumor necrosis family member found primarily on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that binds specifically to CD30 ANTIGEN. (wakehealth.edu)

In a mouse model featuring xenografts of the subclones, the progression and invasion of tumors and animal survival were also different. (nature.com)
In the presence of a genetic lesion, downregulation of SETD2 contributed to both initiation and progression during leukemia development by promoting the self-renewal potential of leukemia stem cells. (stemcellsciencenews.com)
Importantly, during tumor progression, myeloid cells are implicated in promoting tumor angiogenesis, causing resistance against antiangiogenic therapies in cancer, and suppressing the immune response during cancer [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Single agent VS-4718 dramatically limited tumor progression resulting in a doubling of survival in the p48-CRE/Kras G12D /p53 flox/+ PDAC mouse model (KPC mice). (biomedcentral.com)

The major histocompatibility complex molecules, located on T lymphocytes, appear to have an important role in most patients with RA. (basicmedicalkey.com)
4 According to the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumors can be divided into three phenotypes: immune-inflamed, immune-excluded, and immune-desert types. (nature.com)
CD11c is expressed by dendritic cells, a subset of Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes (IEL) and some activated T cells. (thermofisher.com)
Aggressive, transformed or transfected mesenchymal cells containing proto-oncogenes can act in the absence of lymphocytes, but whether these cells represent regressed fibroblasts, chondrocytes or bone marrow stem cells is unclear. (biomedcentral.com)

Likewise, levels of ALCAM in both human gastric and pancreatic cancer cells were also a determining factor for their adhesiveness to mesothelial cells, a process that was likely to be triggered the phosphorylation of the SRC kinase. (cardiff.ac.uk)
Surprisingly, two patient-specific populations of PCSCs were found: one with canonical NF-κB signaling and another one with blunted NF-κB activation, which can be efficiently killed by tumor necrosis factor (TNF). (uni-bielefeld.de)
e lymphatic blood vascular endothelial cells are activated by several in�ammatory mediators (e.g., vascular endothelial growth capillariestakeupthisprotein-rich�uid,therebymaintaining factor- (VEGF-)A, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) , inter- not only tissue �uid homeostasis but also exerting immune leukin (IL)-6, and IL-1), leading to the typical signs of surveillance. (sagepub.com)
Specific growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), stimulate the proliferation and migration of naturally quiescent endothelial cells, resulting in the formation of new vessel structures during embryonic development and tumor growth [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
TNF-α expression after stroke stimulates expression of tissue factor and adhesion molecules for leukocytes, release of interleukin-1 (IL-1), nitric oxide, factor VIII/von Willebrand factor, platelet-activating factor and endothelin, suppression of the thrombomodulin-protein C-protein S system, reduction of tissue-plasminogen activator and release of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. (eurekaselect.com)
IL-6 can be induced by a variety of molecules including IL-1, TNF-α, transforming growth factor-β and prostaglandins (PGs), and many other mediators such as b-amyloid, interferon-g (IFNg) and IL-4 can potentiate these primary inducers, highlighting the complex nature of IL-6 modulation. (eurekaselect.com)
These effects of diabetic plasma on enzyme activity and cell adhesion, mediated by PKCβ2-dependent phosphorylation of the core 2 GlcNAc-T protein, were found to be triggered by increased plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. (diabetesjournals.org)
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D (VEGFD) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (fslregister.nl)
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D (VEGFD) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (fslregister.nl)
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D (VEGFD) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids. (fslregister.nl)
This development occurs under the influence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), which is secreted by various cell types (eg, endothelial cells, fibroblasts). (msdmanuals.com)

Leucocyte typing VI : white cell differentiation antigens : proceedings of the sixth international workshop and conference held in Kobe, Japan, 10-14 November 1996. (bdbiosciences.com)
Leucocyte typing V : white cell differentiation antigens : proceedings of the fifth international workshop and conference held in Boston, USA, 3-7 November, 1993. (bdbiosciences.com)
In addition, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) produced by irradiated tumor cells can be captured by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the TME and presented to T cells. (nature.com)
Although some antigens (Ags) can stimulate the immune response directly, T cell-dependent acquired immune responses typically require antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to present antigen-derived peptides within major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Intracellular antigens (eg, viruses) can be processed and presented to CD8 cytotoxic T cells by any nucleated cell because all nucleated cells express class I MHC molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Extracellular antigens (eg, from many bacteria) that are phagocytosed or endocytosed can be processed into peptides and complexed with surface class II MHC molecules on professional APCs, which specialize in presenting antigens to CD4 helper T (Th) cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Categorizing genes on the basis of annotated gene function led to our observing that genes associated with inflammation were overexpressed in non-tumor bearing peritoneum of patients with ovarian cancer as compared with the peritoneum of patients with benign ovarian tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
To identify inflammation-associated immune gene expression patterns, we performed transcriptomic profiling of 40 MIBC archival tumors using the NanoString nCounter Human v.1.1 PanCancer Panel. (sciencegate.app)
This process is known as inflammation and is accompanied by the cardianl signs: Dolor (pain), Calor (heat), Rubor (redness), Tumor (swelling), Functio laesa (loss of function). (bio-physics.at)

Of the pathways evaluated, we found that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity is elevated in human PDAC and that FAK activity correlates with highly fibrotic tumors with poor CD8 + T cell infiltration. (biomedcentral.com)

These molecules can be characterized using human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) typing. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Currently, the best described activities of cytokine are those whose delivery has been observed in a free soluble or cell tethered form. (encyclopedia.pub)
Local cytokine activity enables cells to self-regulate their expression and secretion with many feed-forward and negative feedback loops existing in most cytokine systems/hierarchies. (encyclopedia.pub)
Cytokine release is possible in any organ and compartment throughout the body and has far reaching effects on cell survival, differentiation, and activation [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM/CD166) is a cell-cell adhesion protein conferring heterotypic and homotypic interactions between cells of the same type and different types. (cardiff.ac.uk)
CD166 was identified as an 'inert' cancer stem cell marker for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (stemcellsciencenews.com)
In the present study, the aim was to classify the abundance of selected stem cell markers (CD133, CD166 and Lgr5) in CRC tumors using flow cytometry. (bvsalud.org)

Scientists demonstrated that murine tumor propagating cells with the markers Sca1 and CD24 are enriched for metastatic potential in orthotopic transplantation assays. (stemcellsciencenews.com)
Further, B-cell markers linked to tertiary lymphoid structures were upregulated, which in turn is predictive of tumor response to immunotherapy and favorable outcome. (sciencegate.app)
CSCs were characterized by the expression of the stem cell markers TWIST, the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM), the transcription factors SNAI1 (SNAIL) and SNAI2 (SLUG) and cancer markers such as CD44 and prominin-1 (CD133). (uni-bielefeld.de)

CD62E is also known as E-selectin, Endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1), and Leukocyte endothelial cell adhesion molecule 2 (LECAM-2). (bdbiosciences.com)

ICAM-)1, vascular cell adhesion molecule- (VCAM-)1, elargestcollectinglymphaticvessel,thethoracicduct,con- and E-selectin on activated blood vascular endothelial cells, nects the lymphatic system with the cardiovascular system. (sagepub.com)

Putative pathophysiological mechanisms linking I/R injury and liver cancer recurrence include an increased implantation of circulating cancer cells in the ischemic liver and the upregulation of proliferation and angiogenic factors following the ischemic insult. (123dok.net)
Some of the most enriched biological processes were lymphocyte activation and proliferation, leukocyte adhesion and migration, antigen processing and presentation and cellular response to IFN-γ. (sciencegate.app)
It is now known that new blood vessels originate from preexisting vessels by activation, proliferation and migration of endothelial cells through a process named "angiogenesis" [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

This adhesion molecule is a 97-115 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is encoded by the SELE gene. (bdbiosciences.com)
Selectins are a family of single-chain transmembrane glycoproteins, expressed on the surface of leukocytes, platelets and activated endothelial cells. (wearecellix.com)

In this review, we discuss the role of myeloid cells in promoting tumor angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, we describe a subset of myeloid cells with immunosuppressive activity (known as myeloid-derived suppressor cells). (hindawi.com)

This study is to explore the biomarkers in IDD and to explore the role of immune cell infiltration in IDD. (hindawi.com)
Finally, the infiltration of immune cells in the data were analyzed by MCPcounter analysis package. (hindawi.com)
In the analysis of immune infiltration, ATF2 was negatively correlated with T cells but positively correlated with neutrophils and endothelial cells. (hindawi.com)
The SNHG5/miR-299-5p/ATF2 can be used as biomarker of IDD, and infiltration of immune cells plays an important role in the pathological development of IDD. (hindawi.com)
In addition to the above studies, some researchers believe that the occurrence and development of IDD are closely related to immune cell infiltration. (hindawi.com)
Critical obstacles to immunotherapy in PDAC tumors include the dense desmoplastic stroma that acts as a barrier to T cell infiltration and high numbers of tumor-associated immunosuppressive cells, such as MDSCs and regulatory T cells (Tregs). (biomedcentral.com)
Importantly, the FAK inhibitor VS-4718 and FAK shRNA in the tumor cells were each effective in increasing CD8+ cytotoxic T cell infiltration into the PDAC tumors in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)

This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein which is typically expressed on endothelial cells and cells of the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
can also be expressed on endothelial cells in the skin, bone marrow and placenta. (biolegend.com)

Therefore, we investigated the in vitro effect of DHEA on the expression pattern of adhesion molecules of human endothelial cells and neutrophils. (biomedcentral.com)
Neutrophils were freshly isolated from blood of 10 male healthy volunteers, stimulated the same way as endothelial cells and analyzed for surface expression of L-selectin, CD11b and CD18. (biomedcentral.com)

Acts as a positive regulator of cell growth and migration via activation of MMP15. (idrblab.net)
They are required to rebuild and repair damaged tissue at an injury site.6 Platelets release several growth factors, such as SDF-1α, that function to induce the migration of stem cells to the damaged tissue during the healing process. (espritsupply.com)

All investigated CSC populations contained a fraction highly positive for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) function and displayed robust expressions of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) ligands. (uni-bielefeld.de)

Dendritic cells in the skin act as sentinel APCs, taking up antigen, then traveling to local lymph nodes where they can activate T cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Follicular dendritic cells are a distinct lineage (a different cell type than conventional dendritic cells), do not express class II MHC molecules, and therefore do not present antigen to Th cells. (msdmanuals.com)

The overall treatment outcome of malignant brain tumors remains unsatisfactory even though advanced multimodal treatments including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been available for decades. (nature.com)
Scientists showed that a deep surgical margin was resected very close to the tumor site in many neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)-treated oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, suggesting that NAC may lead to local recurrence and poor outcomes. (stemcellsciencenews.com)
Resistance of tumors to chemotherapy and tumor aggressiveness have been associated with a minor population of neoplastic cells, which are considered to be responsible for tumor recurrence. (bvsalud.org)
The emergence of immunotherapy has recently disrupted the paradigm of traditional cancer treatment (including the three traditional treatments RT, chemotherapy, and surgery), and immunotherapy functions by activating the body's immune system to fight cancer. (nature.com)
The metabolic reprogramming is now understood to be linked to rapid growth of tumors, metastatic potential, resistance to chemotherapy, and cancer stemness [11]. (researchsquare.com)

The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM. (childrensmercy.org)

However, some immune cells are immunosuppressive or transform into immunosuppressive phenotypes under specific conditions, leading to the development of radioresistance. (nature.com)

ICAM-1 may also participate in a positive feedback loop and compete with ICAM-2 to maintain a proinflammatory environment conducive to leukocyte endothelial transmigration. (wikipedia.org)
Lay Summary The JAK/STAT inhibitor tofacitinib, recently approved for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, is found to modulate the intestinal endothelial barrier functions in directing the leukocyte adhesion and transmigration in ulcerative colitis patients displaying high levels of endothelial STAT3/STAT6 phosphorylation. (sciencegate.app)

These cell models were used in the tumour-mesothelial interaction assay to assess if and how the interaction was influenced by ALCAM. (cardiff.ac.uk)

Immune-inflamed tumors are called hot tumors, while the latter two are collectively referred to as cold tumors, and they respond poorly to immunotherapy. (nature.com)
One study reported an increased survival benefit with simultaneous RT compared with sequential administration, 8 while another study found no significant difference between the two strategies, 9 possibly because simultaneous RT plus immunotherapy and the administration of an ICI before RT may kill cancer cells as well a substantial number of immune cells, leading to poor systemic response and toxic side effects. (nature.com)

Adhesion to rhVCAM-1 under physiological flow conditions was studied with Vena8 Fluoro+ biochips, with respect to THP1, monocytes and PBMCs. (wearecellix.com)

When either the sphere-forming system or the adherent system is used, some of the cancer cells can be propagated but other cells are lost because of cell death/apoptosis or differentiation. (nature.com)
Proportions of CD68+ cells and CD3+ cells that coexpressed MO/MA differentiation factors (CD163, CCR1, CXCR8, VCAM1, and phosphorylated cytosolic phospholipase A 2 [pcPLA 2 ]), which had demonstrated expression in EOC peritoneal samples, were determined by multicolor immunofluorescence. (biomedcentral.com)

While platelets are the primary component of PRP, preparations may also contain other cellular components such as white blood cells (WBCs) and peripheral stem cells. (espritsupply.com)
Activated platelets release adhesion molecules that support clot formation for hemostasis. (espritsupply.com)

Nevertheless, strong correlations have been found between heart disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, fibrosis, and regeneration efficiency with senescent cell burden and its proinflammatory sequelae. (oaepublish.com)

The median survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive malignant brain tumor, is typically less than 2 years 1 . (nature.com)
Investigators found that spontaneously-formed tumorigenic hybrids between bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and three different non-small cell lung cancer cell lines contributed to highly malignant subpopulations with both epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stem cell-like properties. (stemcellsciencenews.com)
These types of neoplastic cells are known as cancer stem cells, which have been previously reported to serve an important role in pathogenesis of this malignant disease. (bvsalud.org)

GBM, as its name suggests, is composed of a pathologically heterogeneous mixture of cells that exhibit varying degrees of cellular and nuclear polymorphism 2 . (nature.com)
Although this heterogeneity is generally discussed in terms of pathological structures, examining the dynamic heterogeneity at the cellular level is fundamental to understanding the origins of the cells, potential therapeutic targets and the source of tumor recurrences 3 . (nature.com)
EVs may for example be released by the direct blebbing of the cell membrane and in doing so, may encapsulate cellular contents. (encyclopedia.pub)
Lipids, as a kind of vital metabolites, comprise the majority of cellular membranes, play important roles as signaling molecules and contribute significantly to energy [11]. (researchsquare.com)

In addition, we studied another death-inducing pathway via interferon gamma signaling and detected high-level upregulations of human leukocyte antigen A (HLA-A) and beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) with only moderate killing efficacy. (uni-bielefeld.de)

The adherence molecule Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM1) was expressed on CD31+ endothelial cells and on a proportion of CD68+ MO/MA but rarely on CD3+ cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, we demonstrate that following exposure to plasma from diabetic patients, the human promonocytic cell line U937 exhibits a significant elevation in core 2 GlcNAc-T activity and increased adherence to cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells. (diabetesjournals.org)

These observations stimulated an intensive search for the mechanisms regulating tumor angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)

RT can directly induce cancer cell death through various mechanisms, such as apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. (nature.com)

This effect goes along with reduced amounts of infiltrating immune cells in organs such as lung and liver. (biomedcentral.com)
In this review, we discuss the changes in irradiated cancer cells and immune cells in the TME under different RT regimens and describe existing and potential molecules that could be targeted to improve the therapeutic effects of RT. (nature.com)

This review summarizes the current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer stem cells (CSC) initiation, with a special focus on the role of microRNAs in EMT control, and a discussion the implications of targeting CSCs for cancer therapeutics. (stemcellsciencenews.com)

Our results suggest that single cell-derived subclones from a patient can produce phenotypically heterogeneous self-renewing progenies in both in vitro and in vivo settings. (nature.com)
Regardless of the nomenclatures used, the CSCs (as the cells are commonly termed) that are isolated directly from patients' tumors are considered to serve as valuable tools that can enhance our understanding of tumorigenesis, therapeutic resistances and the functional heterogeneity of cancers in vitro and in vivo 5 . (nature.com)
Subsequent studies described a VEGFR2 and AC133 expressing subpopulation of these CD34 positive circulating cells that could form endothelial colonies in vitro [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
We also validated this formulation technologically and tested its behavior in in vitro colorectal cancer (CRC) models, including CRC patient-derived tumor organoids (PDOs). (frontiersin.org)
Cellix's VenaFlux platform enables in vitro cell-based flow assays to study adhesion systems under physiological shear stress conditions, given the importance of shear stress in many steps of the adhesion cascade. (wearecellix.com)

and direct cell-cell contacts, including gap junctional intercellular communication. (biomedcentral.com)

Because most cancers have a clonal origin, cancer stem cells (CSCs) must generate phenotypically diverse progenies including mature CSCs that can self-renew indefinitely and differentiated cancer cells that possess limited proliferative potential. (nature.com)
In laboratory settings, glioma stem cells (GSCs) can be isolated by adding EGF and FGF to suspension cultures in the absence of serum, which is the so-called sphere-forming method, or by using adherent culture systems in which specific materials are coated on culture dishes 4 , 6 . (nature.com)
Metformin was preferentially cytotoxic to CD44 high /CD24 low cells of MCF-7 cells and, CD44 high /CD24 high cells of MIA PaCa-2 cells, which are known to be cancer stem cells of MCF-7 cells and MIA PaCa-2 cells, respectively. (stemcellsciencenews.com)
The authors report the results of several published discontinuation studies and critically discuss the new approaches and tools to monitor residual disease during treatment and new strategies to target leukemic stem cells to reach a potential "operational" cure and persistent long-term leukemia-free survival. (stemcellsciencenews.com)
The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
They are short-lived and have to be constantly produced by hematopoietic stem cells in the bown marrow. (bio-physics.at)
Here, we isolated cancer stem cells (CSCs) from four adenocarcinomas of the prostate (Gleason scores from 3 + 3 up to 4 + 5). (uni-bielefeld.de)
To examine further killing mechanisms in prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), we analyzed NF-κB signaling. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Stem Cells Stem cells are at the core of the tissue regeneration process. (espritsupply.com)
In addition, some PRP preparations also contain stem cells isolated directly from the blood sample during processing, which can directly support tissue regeneration. (espritsupply.com)

Beyond its classically described functions as an adhesion and viral entry molecule, ICAM-1 has now been characterized convincingly as possessing a role in signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)

Furthermore, we found that shRNA knockdown of FAK in PDAC cells results in failure of PDAC cells to induce pro-fibrotic programs in fibroblasts. (biomedcentral.com)

Human peritoneal mesothelial cells were also genetically transfected to generate cell models with different profiles of ALCAM expression. (cardiff.ac.uk)
As EOC advances and penetrates the capsular layer of the ovary, it also carries the potential to expose the peritoneal surface to tumor-cell secreted products. (biomedcentral.com)

RT-induced damage to cancer cells leads to different outcomes, such as survival, senescence, or death. (nature.com)
A phase II study showed that patients with resected local-regionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) had improved survival when pembrolizumab was added to adjuvant RT (NCT02641093). (nature.com)
Mammalian cells require oxygen and nutrients for their survival and are therefore located within 100 to 200 m of blood vessels, the diffusion limit of oxygen. (hindawi.com)

They play a role in the intracellular transport of molecules contained within membrane vesicles. (lookformedical.com)

Therefore, functionally analyzing the individual types of the heterogeneous cells and determining their role in tumor pathogenesis are critical. (nature.com)
Researchers began to question the role of ICAM-1 as a simple adhesion molecule upon discovering that ICAM-1 serves as the binding site for entry of the major group of human rhinovirus (HRV) into various cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Mitochondrial carriers catalyse the translocation of numerous metabolites across the inner mitochondrial membrane, playing a key role in different cell functions. (cancerindex.org)
We recently reported that raised activity of the glycosylating enzyme core 2 β 1,6- N -acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GlcNAc-T) through protein kinase C (PKC)β2-dependent phosphorylation plays a fundamental role in increased leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion and capillary occlusion in retinopathy. (diabetesjournals.org)

In addition, cancer cells of gastric and pancreatic origins were used to create cell models with decreased or increased levels of ALCAM expression by genetic knocking down or overexpression, respectively. (cardiff.ac.uk)
ALCAM knockdown of the mesothelial cell line MET5A rendered the cells with reduced interaction with both gastric cancer cells and pancreatic cancer cells. (cardiff.ac.uk)

Anatomy2

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs10

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes1

Necrosis factor alpha5

Cytokines23

Inflammatory19

Microenvironment9

Chemokines3

Metastasis8

Facilitating leukocyte endothelial1

Proteins8

Intercellular adhesion4

Rolling on activated endothelial cells1

Endothelium5

Macrophages8

Tissues9

Endothelial adhesion1

Chemokine2

Receptors8

Extravasation2

Antibodies2

Ligand5

Binds4

Progression4

Lymphocytes4

Factor11

Antigens6

Inflammation3

Focal adhesi1

Human lymphoc1

Cytokine3

CD1663

Markers3

CD62E1

Vascular endothelial cells1

Proliferation3

Transmembrane2

Myeloid cells2

Infiltration7

Expressed on endothelial2

Neutrophils2

Migration2

Ligands1

Dendritic Cells2

Chemotherapy5

Receptor1

Immunosuppressive1

Transmigration2

Assay1

Immunotherapy2

Monocytes1

Differentiation2

Platelets2

Proinflammatory1

Malignant3

Cellular4

Interferon gamma1

Adherence2

Angiogenesis1

Apoptosis1

Immune cells2

Epithelial1

Vitro5

Junctional1

Stem cells10

Signal Transduction1

Fibroblasts1

Peritoneal2

Survival3

Intracellular1

Role4

Pancreatic2