In the early 1910s, the English bacteriologist Frederick Twort found that Mycobacterium paratuberculosis the causative agent of Johne's disease, a chronic enteritis in cattle, was difficult to culture in vitro unless dried, inactivated human tubercle bacilli ( Mycobacterium tuberculosis ) were added to the growth medium. (springernature.com)
The only preventive measure available is Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), which has fared extremely well in providing protection against childhood TB 3 . (nature.com)
Leprosy Leprosy is a chronic infection usually caused by the acid-fast bacilli Mycobacterium leprae or the closely related organism M. lepromatosis . (merckmanuals.com)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli enter the host by droplet inhalation, after which the localized infection escalates within the lungs and then disseminates to the regional lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
In most tists to hypothesize that M. tuberculosis evolved cases, a competent immune system limits the mul- from the closely related mycobacterium, M. bovis , tiplication of the tubercle bacilli, although some possibly coincident with the domestication of cattle bacilli remain dormant but viable, rendering a con- by humans approximately 15,000-20,000 years dition known as latent TB infection (LTBI) (CDC, ago (Daniel, 2000). (cdc.gov)
Tuberculosis and the Tubercle Bacillus2
This makes the second edition of Tuberculosis and the Tubercle Bacillus , edited by Jacobs, McShane, Mizrahi, and Orme, an extremely valuable resource for scientists and clinicians. (surgerybook.net)
The second edition of Tuberculosis and the Tubercle Bacillus presents the latest research on a microorganism that is exquisitely well adapted to its human host. (surgerybook.net)
Robert Koch3
1982 marks the hundredth anniversary of the monumental discovery by Dr. Robert Koch of the tubercle bacillus, a discovery which marked the opening ofa new era in public health. (gov.tw)
The stamp depicts the portrait of Dr. Robert Koch and the tubercle bacillus. (gov.tw)
In 1882, the microbiologist Robert Koch discovered the tubercle bacillus, at a time when one of every seven deaths in Europe was caused by TB. (encyclopedia.com)
Calmette-Guerin1
In addition, an initial analysis of epidemiological data showed that COVID-19 cases were not severe in some countries that implemented universal Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination policies, thus supporting the potential of BCG vaccination to boost innate immunity. (bvsalud.org)
Mycobacteria2
Mycobacteria are small, slow-growing, aerobic bacilli. (merckmanuals.com)
Scientists added drug research to their approaches to understanding the characteristics of the tubercle bacillus and other mycobacteria and to investigating how immunity works on TB. (nationaljewish.org)
Nuclei2
Infection occurs when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing tubercle bacilli that reach the alveoli of the lungs. (kembrel.com)
fluenza, M. tuberculosis is transmitted when a sus- ceptible individual inhales air containing droplet Theories regarding the origins and global spread of nuclei carrying the tubercle bacilli. (cdc.gov)
Anthracis1
Genomic Characterization and Copy Number Variation of Bacillus anthracisPlasmids pXO1 and pXO2 in a Historical Collection of 412 Strains. (cdc.gov)
Smear4
Patients in whom tubercle bacilli can be detected by direct examination of the sputum smear are the main sources of transmission. (nih.gov)
Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and culture using sputum obtained from the patient. (medscape.com)
Pleural fluid was smear positive for tubercle bacilli in none. (karger.com)
Patients should have at least two sputum smear samples positive for tubercle bacilli (at least 1+). (who.int)
Infection7
Although patients with tuberculosis also generate larger particles containing numerous bacilli, these particles do not serve as effective vehicles for transmission of infection because they do not remain airborne, and if inhaled, do not reach alveoli. (cdc.gov)
An infection control practice designed to prevent the transmission of tuber- cle bacilli. (cdc.gov)
Tubercle bacilli cause infection by inhalation route. (medscape.com)
The factors that determine progression of disease include the number of bacilli inhaled, bacterial virulence, susceptibility of the host, and the immunologic response of the host to the infection. (medscape.com)
Primary pulmonary tuberculosis results from initial infection with tubercle bacilli. (medscape.com)
acr was able to efficiently boost the BCG induced protection against M. tuberculosis infection in guinea pigs by significantly reducing the pulmonary bacillary load (1.27 log 10 fewer bacilli) in comparison to BCG vaccination alone. (nature.com)
Although such actions can resuspend dust particles containing tubercle bacilli, these particles are far too large to reach the alveolar surfaces necessary to initiate infection. (merckmanuals.com)
Acid fast ba2
In a total of 40 specimens, 2.5% (1/40) were positive for acid fast bacilli by Ziehl-Neelsen method, while 10% (4/40) were positive for M. tuberculosis by culture using BACTEC 460 and the yield increased to 25% (10/40) by polymerase chain reaction for M. tuberculosis . (hindawi.com)
The tubercular etiology of the liver abscess was diagnosed by Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining for acid fast bacilli, culture by liquid culture (BACTEC 460), and detection of M. tb DNA using Mpt64 gene polymerase chain reaction performed on the liver aspirate. (hindawi.com)
Alveolar1
RNA sequencing provides exquisite insight into the manipulation of the alveolar macrophage by tubercle bacilli. (ox.ac.uk)
Bloodstream2
Pulmonary lesions progress to tuberculous pneumonia, cavitate, and can shed tubercle bacilli into bloodstream and result in miliary tuberculosis. (medscape.com)
Also known as generalized hematogenous TB, miliary TB occurs when a tuberculous lesion erodes into a blood vessel, disseminating millions of tubercle bacilli into the bloodstream and throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)
18821
In 1882, on the 24th of March, he announced his discovery of the tubercle bacillus which causes this killing disease.His discovery marked the first step towards the conquest of tuberculosis. (gov.tw)
Pulmonary1
They can only prevent an early pulmonary tubercle from developing into clinical disease. (mdpi.com)
Specimens2
Examination of operation specimens from patients with spinal tuberculosis for tubercle bacilli. (bmj.com)
Several studies identified the presence of differentially culturable tubercle bacilli (DCTB) populations in a variety of clinical specimens. (bvsalud.org)
Lesions2
The important differences in the infectivity of the various forms of tuberculosis can be explained by quantitative data concerning the behaviour of the tubercle bacillus in man and the number of bacilli in the lesions and sputum. (nih.gov)
[ 49 ] In the brain, the bacilli may form small subpial or subependymal foci of metastatic caseous lesions, termed Rich foci. (medscape.com)
Spinal2
ICD-9 code 013.43 for Tuberculoma of spinal cord tubercle bacilli found (in sputum) by microscopy is a medical classification as listed by WHO under the range -TUBERCULOSIS (010-018). (aapc.com)
The bacilli may then seed to the central nervous system (CNS) and result in three forms of CNS TB: tuberculous meningitis, intracranial tuberculoma, and spinal tuberculous arachnoiditis. (medscape.com)
Lungs1
acr resulted in significantly superior protective efficacy in both lungs and spleen with 0.83 log 10 and 0.74 log 10 CFU fewer bacilli, respectively, when compared to animals vaccinated with BCG only. (nature.com)
Patients1
The transmission of drug-resistant bacilli will make new patients drug-resistant from the outset. (china.org.cn)
Vaccine2
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ( BCG ) vaccine is a vaccine primarily used against tuberculosis (TB). (wikipedia.org)
The laboratory also began investigating tubercle bacilli in sputum, administering the vaccine against rabies, and providing examinations for malaria, typhoid fever, and gonorrhea. (si.edu)
Transmission1
The purpose of commitment, which occurs under judicial or administrative order, is to prevent the transmission of tubercle bacilli to others, to prevent the development of drug-resis- tant organisms, or to ensure that persons receive a complete course of treatment. (cdc.gov)
Laboratory1
Using laboratory studies, Dr. Corper demonstrated that specific immunity is a potent factor in resistance to TB and he discovered, for the first time, that the tubercle bacillus was an incredibly hardy germ - it can remain alive outside the body as long as 30 years, and resists hot and cold extremes that no mammal could survive. (nationaljewish.org)
Fever1
Intermittent dissemination of tubercle bacilli may lead to a prolonged fever of unknown origin (FUO). (msdmanuals.com)
Positive2
RESUME Lors d'une étude de cohorte prospective en Iraq, des écoliers ayant eu une intradermo-réaction à la tuberculine (IDR) positive lors de l'enquête nationale réalisée en 2000 ont fait l'objet d'un suivi en 2002 pour déterminer la prévalence de l'infection tuberculeuse latente et les facteurs de risque chez les contacts familiaux. (who.int)
Sur 205 enfants, 191 avaient toujours une IDR positive en 2002. (who.int)
Remain1
5 micrometers in diameter) containing tubercle bacilli may remain suspended in room air currents for several hours, increasing the chance of spread. (merckmanuals.com)
Active1
PASER (aminosalicylic acid) granules are a delayed release granule preparation of aminosalicylic acid (p-aminosalicylic acid: 4-aminosalicylic acid) for use with other anti- tuberculosis drugs for the treatment of all forms of active tuberculosis due to susceptible strains of tubercle bacilli. (rxlist.com)
System2
This paper proposes a TSK-type Neuro Fuzzy Controllers (TFC) with a group interaction-based evolutionary algorithm (GIEA) for constructing the tubercle bacilli diagnosis system (TBDS). (indjst.org)
Harmonized Genome Wide Typing of Tubercle Bacilli Using a Web-Based Gene-By-Gene Nomenclature System. (cdc.gov)