• Four TRPVs (TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, and TRPV4) are expressed in afferent nociceptors, pain sensing neurons, where they act as transducers of thermal and chemical stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
  • Background Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) are sensitive to heat, capsaicin, pungent chemicals and other noxious stimuli. (researchgate.net)
  • Methods A next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel was created for the human TRPV1 gene and in addition, for the leukotriene receptors BLT1 and BLT2 recently described to modulate TRPV1 mediated sensitisation processes rendering the coding genes LTB4R and LTB4R2 important co-players in pharmacogenetic approaches involving TRPV1. (researchgate.net)
  • The method adds a large amount of genetic information as a basis for complete analysis of TRPV1 ion channel genetics and its functional consequences. (researchgate.net)
  • Expression of the GFRα3 receptor is primarily restricted to the peripheral nervous system and is found in a subpopulation of nociceptive sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) that coexpress the Ret and TrkA receptor tyrosine kinases and the thermosensitive channel TRPV1. (jneurosci.org)
  • Expression of artemin caused a 20.5% increase in DRG neuron number and increased the level of mRNA encoding GFRα3, TrkA, TRPV1, and the putative noxious cold-detecting channel TRPA1. (jneurosci.org)
  • Transient receptor potential channel vanilloid subfamily 4 (TRPV4), a member of TRP family, is a mechanosensitive non-selective cation channel. (nih.gov)
  • In this work, we explored the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2), a non-selective cation channel in the context of neurite functions. (silverchair.com)
  • TRPV proteins respond to the taste of garlic (allicin). (wikipedia.org)
  • Diabetes-induced lipolysis might accelerate the degradation of caveolae, a cone shaped pocket of proteins and lipids serves as a docking site for channels and receptors in endothelium and hence reduce levels of caveolin-associated TRPV4 so compromising vascular function (7). (herts.ac.uk)
  • All these events are primarily regulated by an array of regulatory proteins that are present on the cell surface, such as ion channels, receptors and adhesion molecules which sense the different chemical signaling cues and allow the neurons to respond accordingly [ 8-10 ]. (silverchair.com)
  • These results demonstrate the novel information that TRPC1/TRPC3 channels mediate lysoPC-induced Ca 2+ influx and apoptosis via activating the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and inhibiting the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the survival kinase pAkt in human coronary artery SMCs, which implies that TRPC1/TRC3 channels may be the therapeutic target of lysoPC-induced disorders such as atherosclerosis. (oncotarget.com)
  • Among these is the vanilloid TRP (TRPV) comprised of 6 members including TRPV4 which is found to be expressed in the vasculature, endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) according to western blotting, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry studies (3, 4). (herts.ac.uk)
  • Accordingly, in this study the role of TRPV4 in diabetic vascular dysfunction was investigated. (herts.ac.uk)
  • TRPV4 activation increases vascular permeability and can be triggered by both chemical and mechanical cues. (google.com)
  • Endothelial TRPV4 channels prevent tumor growth and metastasis via modulation of tumor angiogenesis and vascular integrity. (omeka.net)
  • These are grouped into two broad groups: group 1 includes TRPC ( "C" for canonical), TRPV ("V" for vanilloid), TRPM ("M" for melastatin), TRPN and TRPA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conversely, inhibition of PVA neuronal activity using DREADDs (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) or inactivation of PVA extracellular signal-regulated kinase at the critical time window blunted mechanical hyperalgesia in chronic pain models. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Preventing calcium entry during the repeated PEMF exposure with the co-administration of EGTA or TRP channel antagonists precluded the inhibition of differentiation. (nature.com)
  • Finally, inhibition of TRPV4 or removal of extracellular calcium does not affect RVD. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Described herein are methods and compositions relating to inhibition of mechanically-induced TRPV4 activation, e.g., for the treatment of pulmonary edema, edema, inflammation, hypertension, and/or hyperalgesia. (google.com)
  • Taxol-induced TRPV4-mediated hyperalgesia and the enhanced osmotransduction in cultured nociceptors were dependent on integrin/Src tyrosine kinase signaling. (jneurosci.org)
  • We also demonstrate that Taxol-induced TRPV4-mediated hyperalgesia is essentially dependent on integrin/Src tyrosine kinase signaling. (jneurosci.org)
  • Artemin, a neuronal survival factor in the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family, binds the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein GFRα3 and the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret. (jneurosci.org)
  • GDNF family ligands (GFLs) activate the Ret receptor tyrosine kinase through binding of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored GDNF family receptor α coreceptors (GFRα1-4) ( Sariola and Saarma, 2003 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Using calcium imaging, we show that AQP-mediated fast swelling kinetics also significantly increases the amplitude of calcium transients inhibited by Gadolinium and Ruthenium Red, two inhibitors of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels, and prevented by removing extracellular calcium. (elsevierpure.com)
  • TRP channels are a large group of ion channels consisting of six protein families, located mostly on the plasma membrane of numerous human and animal cell types, and in some fungi. (wikipedia.org)
  • TRPV4 protein was probed with rabbit Anti-TRPV4 antibody and visualized through enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL). (herts.ac.uk)
  • Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels appear to mediate these aspects of PEMF stimulation, serving as a conduit for extracellular calcium. (nature.com)
  • As a cation channel, TRPV4 mediates Ca+2 influx that plays a major role in endothelium-dependent vasodilation (VD) and VSMCs hyperpolarization and hence VD (5, 6). (herts.ac.uk)
  • All together our study provides evidence that (1) AQP influenced swelling kinetics is the main trigger for RVD and in mediating calcium signaling after hypotonic stimulus together with TRPV4, and (2) calcium influx from the extracellular space and/or TRPV4 are not essential for RVD to occur in astrocytes. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Calcium influx from the extracellular space and TRPV4 are not essential for RVD. (elsevierpure.com)
  • suggests a role of TRPV4 in mechanotransduction beyond osmosensation. (jneurosci.org)
  • To investigate the role of TRPV4 in the cochlea, the hearing thresholds and effects of acoustic overexposure on the cochlea were examined in TRPV4 knockout mice. (nih.gov)
  • TRPV4 knockout mice at age 8 weeks exhibited normal, but those at 24 weeks revealed significantly higher thresholds by auditory brainstem response. (nih.gov)
  • The auditory threshold shift was significantly larger in the TRPV4 knockout than in the TRPV4+/+ mice 1 week after the acoustic overexposure of 128dB SPL. (nih.gov)
  • Transcriptional regulation of voltage-gated sodium channels contributes to GM-CSF induced pain. (iasp-pain.org)
  • The voltage gated Na channels Nav1.7, Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 were found to be selectively up-regulated in rat DRG neurons treated with GM-CSF, which resulted in enhanced excitability. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Here, we showed that GM-CSF promotes bone cancer-associated pain by enhancing excitability of DRG neurons via the Jak2-Stat3-mediated upregulation of expression of nociceptor-specific voltage-gated sodium channels. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Later, TRP channels were found in vertebrates where they are ubiquitously expressed in many cell types and tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a ubiquitously expressed polymodally activated ion channel. (omeka.net)
  • Thoracic aortic rings from diabetic rats showed compromised TRPV4-induced VD compared to control (Diabetic: 24.3±5.3% max. (herts.ac.uk)
  • TRPV4 channels regulate tumor angiogenesis via modulation of Rho/Rho kinase pathway. (omeka.net)
  • TRP channels were initially discovered in the trp mutant strain of the fruit fly Drosophila that displayed transient elevation of potential in response to light stimuli, and were therefore named "transient receptor potential" channels. (wikipedia.org)
  • reduction of chronic pain may be possible by targeting ion channels involved in thermal, chemical, and mechanical sensation to reduce their sensitivity to stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because TRPV4 appears to be more important in pathological pain conditions than in normal mechanical nociception, we investigated whether TRPV4 also is involved in mechanical hyperalgesia associated with painful peripheral neuropathy. (jneurosci.org)
  • In the present study, we demonstrate that TRPV4 plays an essential role in Taxol-induced nociceptive behavioral responses to mechanical and hypotonic stimulation of the hind paw. (jneurosci.org)
  • Human transient receptor potential channels (hTRPs) are mainly categorised into 6 subfamilies of distinct activation profile (2). (herts.ac.uk)
  • Ca 2+ is a well-known second messenger that regulates a wide range of cell functions including excitation-contraction coupling, excitation-secretion coupling, gene transcription, cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, membrane fusion, and ion channel activation [ 8 - 11 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • These results suggest that TRPV4 plays a crucial role in a painful peripheral neuropathy, making it a very promising target for the development of a novel class of analgesics. (jneurosci.org)
  • TRPV is a family of transient receptor potential cation channels (TRP channels) in animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Potassium (K), the main cation inside cells, plays roles in maintaining cellular osmolarity and acid-base equilibrium, as well as nerve stimulation transmission, and regulation of cardiac and muscle functions. (mdpi.com)
  • Agonists, antagonists, or modulators of these channels may find application for the prevention and treatment of pain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, primary VSMCs showed significant reduction in expressed TRPV4 (61.8±3.5% vs control 100±10.7%, *pË‚0.05) which was accompanied with reduced iNOS expression (32.7±10.3% vs control 100±16.2%, *pË‚0.05) and significant difference in total nitrite production (29.9.3±9.4% vs control 100±12.8%, **pË‚0.01). (herts.ac.uk)
  • Such observations could be helpful in following cancer progression and could lead to the development of drugs over activating ion channels, leading to apoptosis and necrosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Much research remains to be done as to whether TRP channel mutations lead to cancer progression or whether they are associated mutations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Also blocks cell membrane-located capsaicin-activated cation channels (IC 50 = 14 nM) and voltage-sensitive Ca 2+ channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release. (tocris.com)
  • These results showed the TRPV4 function is compromised in both endothelial and VSMC and is in part due to reduction in channel number. (herts.ac.uk)
  • our data also highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting GM-CSF. (iasp-pain.org)
  • These findings support the idea that targeting PVA can be a potential therapeutic strategy for pain relief. (iasp-pain.org)
  • The present findings suggest that disruption of TRPV4 causes delayed-onset hearing loss and makes the cochlea vulnerable to acoustic injury. (nih.gov)
  • Indeed, changes in the spatiotemporal Ca 2+ -levels and Ca 2+ -oscillation patterns have been correlated with most of these functions [ 2 , 8-10 ], which strongly suggest the importance of different Ca 2+ channels in the regulation of neuritogenesis. (silverchair.com)
  • and this effect was eliminated by treatment with TRPV4 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. (jneurosci.org)
  • Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. (mdpi.com)
  • Functional TRPV ion channels are tetrameric in structure and are either homo-tetrameric (four identical subunits) or hetero-tetrameric (a total of four subunits selected from two or more types of subunits). (wikipedia.org)