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TropomyosinTroponinActinsTropomodulinActin CytoskeletonMyosinsCalmodulin-Binding ProteinsProtein BindingGizzardMyosin SubfragmentsRabbitsMusclesActomyosinChickensMicrofilament ProteinsMolecular Sequence DataMuscle ProteinsMyofibrilsAmino Acid SequenceCa(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPaseMuscle Fibers, SkeletalMuscle, SkeletalMuscle ContractionModels, BiologicalPhosphatesCalcium
ProteinsReceptor kinaseKinaseTPM3Troponin tropomyosinTPM1CalmodulinSubunitAffinityIsoformsInteractsMutationsRepeatsMyosin-bindingAcetylcholineInteractionsInhibitsPlateletActin filamentShrimpAmino acidsMyofilamentSkeletal muscleRegulatesCalciumIncreasesRegulationSiteSarcomerePathwayFunctionHighAlphaShape
Proteins12
  • Thin myofilaments are composed of 3 proteins: actin, tropomyosin, and troponin (see image below). (medscape.com)
  • Tropomyosin proteins regulate the tensing of muscle fibers (muscle contraction) by controlling the binding of two muscle proteins, myosin and actin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In non-muscle cells, tropomyosin proteins play a role in controlling cell shape. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These Ca++ ions bind to proteins within the muscle cell, leading to a series of biochemical reactions that ultimately result in muscle contraction. (proprofs.com)
  • 2: Prulire G, d'Albis A, der Terrossian E. Effect of tropomyosin on the interactions of actin with actin-binding proteins isolated from pig platelets Eur J Biochem. (prlog.org)
  • During the initial infection, alpha-helical M proteins (M8 and M13) on the surface of the streptococcus bind type IV collagen in the host, and this interaction can trigger auto-antibody formation. (medscape.com)
  • Our findings reveal that competitive and cooperative interactions between actin binding proteins help define their associations with different F-actin networks. (elifesciences.org)
  • Its substrate specificity suggests that Tsp may contain a substrate recognition domain, which selectively binds to the nonpolar C-termini of substrate proteins, separate from its catalytic site. (embl.de)
  • In this work, we show that substrate recognition of Tsp is mediated by a PDZ domain, a small protein module that promotes protein-protein interactions by binding to internal or C-terminal sequences of their partner proteins. (embl.de)
  • Following insulin binding, the insulin receptor (IR) autophosphorylates itself and creates docking sites for IRS proteins. (scielo.br)
  • When tested for tropomyosin affinity, super repeats containing the p.Glu2431Lys mutation showed stronger binding than WT proteins to tropomyosin, and the super repeat containing the p.Thr7382Pro mutation showed weaker binding than WT proteins to tropomyosin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Part of the actin myofilament are regulatory proteins - troponin a tropomyosin . (wikilectures.eu)
Receptor kinase4
  • BDNF binds with high affinity to the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), and activates AKT and ERK pathways (Mattson et al. (stemcell.com)
  • TrkA (tropomyosin receptor kinase A) encodes a member of the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor (NTKR) family. (thermofisher.com)
  • In addition to binding to the insulin receptor, IRS1 also binds to and transmits signals from the receptors of prolactin, growth hormone (GH), leptin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), insulin like growth factor (IGF1), and integrins ( Vuori and Ruoslathi , 1994 Vuori K and Ruoslahti E (1994) Association of insulin receptor substrate-1 with integrins. (scielo.br)
  • Esketamine activated the mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B/phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (mBDNF/TrkB/PI3K) signaling pathway in propofol-administrated rats. (degruyter.com)
Kinase3
  • Houle, F., Poirier, A., Dumaresq, J. and Huot, J. (2007) DAP Kinase Mediates the Phosphorylation of Tropomyosin-1 Downstream of the ERK Pathway, Which Regulates the Formation of Stress Fibers in Response to Oxidative Stress. (scirp.org)
  • Upon binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (IR), IRS1 is phosphorylated at several YXXM motifs creating docking sites for the binding of PI3Kp85, which activates AKT kinase. (scielo.br)
  • An unbiased screen of 150 small molecules that impact actin organization and 32 anti-mitotic drugs identified two molecular targets, Rho kinase (ROCK) and tropomyosin 3.1/2 (Tpm3.1/2), whose inhibition has the greatest impact on mitotic cortical tension. (bvsalud.org)
TPM35
  • The TPM3 gene provides instructions for making a protein called slow muscle alpha (α)-tropomyosin, which is part of the tropomyosin protein family. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The specific effects of these TPM3 gene mutations are unclear, but researchers suggest they may interfere with normal actin-myosin binding, impairing muscle contraction and resulting in the muscle weakness that occurs in cap myopathy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A mutation in the alpha tropomyosin gene TPM3 associated with autosomal dominant nemaline myopathy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations of tropomyosin 3 (TPM3) are common and associated with type 1 myofiber hypotrophy in congenital fiber type disproportion. (medlineplus.gov)
  • NM is caused by mutations in at least nine genes: Nebulin ( NEB ), α-actin ( ACTA1 ), α-tropomyosin ( TPM3 ), β-tropomyosin ( TPM2 ), troponin T ( TNNT1 ), cofilin-2 ( CFL2 ), Kelch repeat and BTB (POZ) domain-containing 13 ( KBTBD13 ), and Kelch-like family members 40 and 41 ( KLHL40 and KLHL41 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Troponin tropomyosin1
  • The TnT subunit of troponin binds to tropomyosin-t form, a troponin-tropomyosin complex, anchored in place by the binding of TnI to actin, within muscle thin filaments. (thermofisher.com)
TPM12
  • Additional studies associating variation at these loci with change in gene expression highlighted Tropomyosin 1 ( TPM1 ) among our top-ranked candidate genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genetic studies have also suggested a role for Tropomyosin 1 ( TPM1 ) in human platelet trait variation [ 6 ], though no prior studies have elucidated if or how TPM1 impacts human hematopoiesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Calmodulin5
  • This inhibition is attenuated by calcium-calmodulin and is potentiated by tropomyosin. (hmdb.ca)
  • Interacts with actin, myosin, two molecules of tropomyosin and with calmodulin. (hmdb.ca)
  • Calponin is a calmodulin, F-actin and tropomyosin binding protein which is thought to be involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • Calponin a 34 kDa polypeptide, is a cytoskeleton-associated actin-binding protein that also interacts tropomyosin and calmodulin. (biocare.net)
  • In the enterocyte microvillus, the structural core is attached to the plasma membrane along its length by lateral arms made of myosin 1a and Ca 2+ binding protein calmodulin . (wikipedia.org)
Subunit4
Affinity6
  • In most cases, interaction between a PDZ domain and its target is constitutive, with a binding affinity of 1 to 10 microns. (embl.de)
  • Around 90% of the primary structure of nebulin is composed of approximately 35-residue α-helical domains, which form super repeats that bind actin with high affinity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also used the GST pull-down assay to test the affinity of WT nebulin super repeats for WT α- and β-tropomyosin, and for β-tropomyosin with six patient mutations: p.Lys7del, p.Glu41Lys, p.Lys49del, p.Glu117Lys, p.Glu139del and p.Gln147Pro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Super repeats containing the deletion p.Val3924_Asn3929del showed similar affinity for actin and tropomyosin as that seen with WT super repeats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Of the tropomyosin mutations, only p.Glu41Lys showed weaker affinity for nebulin (super repeat 18). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The slow TnT-(1-179) fragment has substantially lower affinity for binding to tropomyosin, in keeping with the loss of one of two tropomyosin-binding sites. (clinicforspecialchildren.org)
Isoforms2
  • Geeves, M.A., Hitchcock-DeGregori, S.E. and Gunning, P.W. (2015) A Systematic Nomenclature for Mammalian Tropomyosin Isoforms. (scirp.org)
  • Nebulin is a giant (600 to 900 kDa), thin-filament, actin-binding protein, and the gene comprises a total of 183 exons, of which at least 17 are alternatively spliced, producing hundreds of different NEB isoforms [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Interacts1
  • Peptide binding of the ligand takes place in an elongated surface groove as an anti-parallel beta-strand interacts with the beta-B strand and the B helix. (embl.de)
Mutations2
  • These mutations change single amino acids in slow muscle α-tropomyosin and are thought to impair the protein's ability to interact with myosin and actin within type I skeletal muscle fibers, disrupting muscle contraction. (medlineplus.gov)
  • We demonstrate for the first time the existence of direct tropomyosin-nebulin interactions in vitro , and show that nebulin interactions with actin and tropomyosin are altered by disease-causing mutations in nebulin and tropomyosin. (biomedcentral.com)
Repeats1
  • We performed F-actin and tropomyosin-binding experiments for the nebulin super repeats, using co-sedimentation and GST (glutathione-S-transferase) pull-down assays. (biomedcentral.com)
Myosin-binding1
  • Actin- and myosin-binding protein implicated in the regulation of actomyosin interactions in smooth muscle and nonmuscle cells (could act as a bridge between myosin and actin filaments). (hmdb.ca)
Acetylcholine2
  • This calcium moves the acetylcholine-containing miceles to fuse with the presynaptic membrane and release their acetylcholine into the synapse, where it is bound by acetylcholine receptors on the postsynaptic surface. (gsu.edu)
  • The acetylcholine receptors are examples of ligand-gated ion channels: upon binding the acetylcholine molecule, they open up a channel for sodium and potassium ions to enter the cell. (gsu.edu)
Interactions1
  • By focusing on the stabilizing protein tropomyosin Cdc8, bundling protein fimbrin Fim1, and severing protein coffin Adf1, we examined how their pairwise and collective interactions with actin filaments regulate their activity and segregation to functionally diverse F-actin networks. (elifesciences.org)
Inhibits1
Platelet1
  • We also show a critical role for the actin regulator Tropomyosin 4 in the final steps of platelet formation in lung vasculature. (bvsalud.org)
Actin filament2
  • Stimulates actin binding of tropomyosin which increases the stabilization of actin filament structure. (hmdb.ca)
  • The myosin-binding site on the actin filament is no longer blocked when ______ is moved. (proprofs.com)
Shrimp1
  • Effect of transglutaminase-catalyzed glycosylation on the allergenicity and conformational structure of shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis) tropomyosin. (nih.gov)
Amino acids2
  • Systematic deletion mutagenesis of Tsp localized the binding site to amino acids 206-307, a region that completely encompasses the putative PDZ domain (217-301). (embl.de)
  • The isolated PDZ domain (amino acids 206-334) is capable of folding into a well-behaved structure and binds to a nonpolar peptide with a dissociation constant (K(D)) of 1.9 microM, similar to that of the intact Tsp protein. (embl.de)
Myofilament1
  • LS increases the Ca +2 response to myofilament by binding to cardiac troponin C. As a result, myocardial contraction increases without a higher myocardial O 2 consumption [ 2 3 4 ]. (ispub.com)
Skeletal muscle2
  • Myosin motors that cannot bind actin leave their folded OFF state on activation of skeletal muscle. (unifi.it)
  • Slow muscle α-tropomyosin helps regulate muscle contraction in type I skeletal muscle fibers. (medlineplus.gov)
Regulates1
  • Background: Tropomyosin 1 alpha chain (Tm1) is an actin-binding protein that regulates the endothelial cell response to oxidative stress following its phosphorylation at Serine 283 (S283). (scirp.org)
Calcium3
Increases1
  • Intermicrovillous space increases with contractile activity of myosin II and tropomyosin , and decreases when contraction ceases. (wikipedia.org)
Regulation3
  • Zerradi, M. , Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2015) Regulation of Breast Cancer Progression by Phosphorylation of the Tumor Suppressor Tropomyosin-1 Alpha. (scirp.org)
  • Gunning, P., O'Neill, G. and Hardeman, E. (2008) Tropomyosin-Based Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton in Time and Space. (scirp.org)
  • Simoneau, B., Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2012) Regulation of Endothelial Permeability and Transendothelial Migration of Cancer Cells by Tropomyosin-1 Phosphorylation. (scirp.org)
Site5
  • Site-directed mutagenesis of a surface residue at the peptide binding site of the PDZ domain, valine 229, to Glu or Gln resulted in an increase in the K(M) value but had no effect on the k(cat) value. (embl.de)
  • Each super repeat has been proposed to harbor one tropomyosin-binding site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Myosin 1a functions through a binding site for filamentous actin on one end and a lipid binding domain on the other. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tropomyosin stiffens actin and blocks the myosin binding site when the muscle is relaxed. (invigormedical.com)
  • This pulls tropomyosin off the myosin binding site. (invigormedical.com)
Sarcomere1
Pathway1
  • TrkA is a membrane-bound receptor that, upon neurotrophin binding, phosphorylates itself and members of the MAPK pathway. (thermofisher.com)
Function1
  • Perry, S.V. (2001) Vertebrate Tropomyosin: Distribution, Properties and Function. (scirp.org)
High1
Alpha1
  • We show here that photosynthesis is stimulated by a novel, intracellular alpha-CA bound to the chloroplast thylakoids. (lookformedical.com)
Shape1