Cerebral ischemiaMyocardial ischemia reperfusionInjuryApoptosisInnateWarm IschemiaOxidativeEndothelialLipidSevereInfarctionSepsisEndogenousSystemicRetinalStrokeNeurologicalPathwaysDiseasesResponsesVascularPathogenesisStimulusMechanismLiver diseaseIschemicOccursAutophagyInjuriesAcidicOrgansMiceTLR4SecretionMechanismsAcuteMoleculeMarkersProcessesCognitiveKnockoutReceptorExpressionHypoxiaRatsModelBrainDamageCell
Cerebral ischemia9
- Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) triggers lipid peroxidation and inflammation, which exacerbate injury. (biomedcentral.com)
- Emerging data implicate both 5-LOX and FLAP in the disease process of cerebral ischemia [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The contents of inflammasome proteins were gradually increased after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). EA stimulus attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome mediated inflammatory reaction and regulated the balance between proinflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
- 2012 ). Our team has proposed a new approach of electroacupuncture (EA) neuroprotection for the prevention of cerebral ischemia injury. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our previous studies have reported that EA could relieve neurological disorders, reduce infarct volumes after focal cerebral ischemia (Wang et al. (biomedcentral.com)
- As an integrated platform for triggering inflammation, inflammasome contributes to the pathogenesis of initiating innate immune response after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)(Ismael et al. (biomedcentral.com)
- 4 ] Intracranial ICA dissection typically presents as severe headache, immediately followed by neurological symptoms of cerebral ischemia or subarachnoid hemorrhage. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- Adoptive transfer of Sig-1R intact bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to Sig-1R knockout mice restored the clearance activity of dead/dying neurons, reduced infarct area and neuroinflammation, and improved long-term functional recovery after cerebral ischemia. (thno.org)
- In two disease models, DOX-conjugated NPs notably improved mouse survival in sepsis and prevented brain damage in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, but the NPs did not suppress systemic immunity. (thetechnoant.info)
Myocardial ischemia reperfusion2
- siRNA-mediated management of myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is greatly hampered by the inefficient myocardial enrichment and cardiomyocyte transfection. (scimage.cn)
- In Chapter I, we compiled a list of synthetic H2S donors that have exhibited protective effects in models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury and cancer chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. (wfu.edu)
Injury25
- Inflammation and endothelial injury can be triggered by the donor arrest, organ procurement, and allograft ischaemia and reperfusion. (wikipedia.org)
- The findings suggest that targeting IL-1b could suppress inflammation associated with multiple inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis , ischemia-reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, liver disease, pancreatitis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease , and infectious diseases . (edu.au)
- It has also been reported that triiodothyronine (T3) alleviates oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis caused by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, and its mechanism of action is associated with negative regulation of the NLRP3 signaling pathway ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Leukotrienes derived from 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) cause inflammation and are thus involved in the pathobiology of stroke injury. (biomedcentral.com)
- Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a phenomenon that can have disastrous effects on the human body. (bvsalud.org)
- RESULTS: Our data showed high levels of inflammation and elevated markers of tissue injury from multiple organs C reactive protein, white blood cell count, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase and LDH. (bvsalud.org)
- However, the effect of GP on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced hepatic injury has, to the best of our knowledge, not previously been investigated. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a predominant cause of hepatic injury, which is of clinical significance following liver surgery, hemorrhagic shock and liver transplantation ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- It has been demonstrated that I/R-induced hepatic injury is initially triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative damage and apoptosis, an important mechanism for cell death following hepatic I/R injury ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- In addition, certain pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines are key during the initial period of reperfusion, whereas the late period of hepatic injury is neutrophil-mediated ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Tao Q, Tianyu W, Jiangqiao Z, Zhongbao C, Xiaoxiong M, Long Z, Jilin Z. Tripartite Motif 8 Deficiency Relieves Hepatic Ischaemia/reperfusion Injury via TAK1-dependent Signalling Pathways. (ijbs.com)
- However, the function of Trim8 in hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains largely unknown. (ijbs.com)
- Trim8 knockout relieved hepatocyte injury triggered by I/R. Silencing of Trim8 expression alleviated hepatic inflammation responses and inhibited apoptosis in vitro and in vivo . (ijbs.com)
- 2009 ) and regulate the Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinase (RISK) signaling pathway (ERKε, PKC, GSK-3β, STAT3) via cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R)(Wang et al. (biomedcentral.com)
- Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) represents the major problem in clinical liver transplantation. (houstonmethodist.org)
- The seizures are usually generalized, and their frequency may increase during the 24-48 hours after onset, correlating with the phase of reperfusion injury. (medscape.com)
- In a model of retinal ischemia reperfusion injury and inflammation, HMGB1 expression is upregulated in retinal pigment epithelium, retinal endothelial cells, ganglion cells, Mller cells, astrocytes, and photoreceptors [46]. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
- Ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is an inevitable and harmful event during the process of organ transplantation that can trigger an injurious early inflammation deteriorating both the short and the long-term transplant outcomes. (icoatmedical.com)
- Exogenous administration of adenosine in the form of adenosine preconditioning may also protect heart from ischemia-reperfusion injury. (kyobobook.co.kr)
- Endogenous release of adenosine during ischemic/remote preconditioning or exogenous adenosine during pharmacological preconditioning activates adenosine receptors to activate plethora of mechanisms, which either independently or in association with one another may confer cardioprotection during ischemia-reperfusion injury. (kyobobook.co.kr)
- Moreover, HMGB1 is reported that the level of HMGB1 is elevated during sterile tissue injury, infection, lethal endotoxemia or sepsis, collagen-induced arthritis, and ischemia-reperfusion induced tissue injury. (thermofisher.cn)
- The authors found that liver grafts with absent carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) exhibited increased ischemia-reperfusion injury inflammation and decreased function in wild-type recipients. (jci.org)
- 2014). "T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 4 (TIM-4) signaling in innate immune-mediated liver ischemia-reperfusion injury" Hepatology 60(6): 2052-2064. (bioxcell.com)
- Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), an innate immunity-driven inflammation response, occurs in multiple clinical settings including liver resection, transplantation, trauma, and shock. (bioxcell.com)
- Of course, they trigger a cascade of inflammatory events that ultimately lead to glomerular injury, but also tubular interstitial injury, fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, and so forth. (medscape.com)
Apoptosis4
- During extended myocardial ischemia combinations of hypoxia and acidosis drive cardiac cell loss by apoptosis and necrosis that contribute importantly to myocardial infarction (MI). (biomedres.us)
- In animal models, increased apoptosis accompanies both phases of ischemia and reperfusion [8]. (biomedres.us)
- Rather, coincident acidosis and/or reoxygenation is required to trigger apoptosis [9-11]. (biomedres.us)
- At an early stage, blocking nutrition and oxygen supply in response to brain ischemia activates various cell death processes, including apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis [ 4 ]. (thno.org)
Innate1
- Hepatic IRI represents a case for innate immunity in which HO-1 modulates proinflammatory responses that are triggered via TLR4 signaling, a putative HO-1 repressor. (houstonmethodist.org)
Warm Ischemia2
- Using a 90-min lobar warm ischemia model, wild type (WT), TLR4 KO/mutant and TLR2 KO mice were first assessed for the severity of hepatocellular damage at 6 h postreperfusion. (houstonmethodist.org)
- This study focuses on the putative role of TIM-4 signaling in a model of liver warm ischemia (90 minutes) and reperfusion. (bioxcell.com)
Oxidative3
- Repetitive apneic episodes disrupt the normal physiologic function and trigger sympathetic activation, vascular endothelial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, inflammation, increased platelet aggregability, and metabolic dysregulation. (hindawi.com)
- These findings demonstrate that GTE is an effective agent in suppressing LPS-induced retinal inflammation, probably through its potent anti-oxidative property and a receptor-mediated action on transcription factors that regulate production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (nature.com)
- Hyperproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and protease storm are essential pathogenetic components of the hyperergic phase of systemic inflammation. (hindawi.com)
Endothelial3
- 4. HMGB1 and Diabetic Retinopathy Dysfunction of retinal buy ICG-001 endothelial cells, damage to the blood-retinal barrier, ischemia, and retinal neovascularization are the characters of diabetic retinopathy at different stages [48]. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
- Finally, we made the intriguing observation in vitro that ERK1/2 activation reduces endothelial inflammation induced by LPS and TNFα, in contrast to its role in promoting leukocyte inflammation. (ucsf.edu)
- We have defined the roles of several MAPKs (p38, JNK, ERK1/2, ERK5) and of NF-κB in TLR2-dependent signaling to inflammation, and have newly identified ERK5 as a key mediator of TLR2-dependent signaling in endothelial cells and human monocytes. (ucsf.edu)
Lipid1
- NPC1L1 knockout decreasing plasma lipid, especially cholesterol, to reduce inflammation and decreasing β-catenin, p-c-Jun and p-ERK may be involved in the mechanism. (biomedcentral.com)
Severe4
- It triggers severe inflammation and impairs the function of two or more organ systems. (bvsalud.org)
- This technique is named vaso-occlusive painful turmoil and network marketing leads to severe tissues ischemia, reperfusion damage, and infarction of any organ program virtually. (bibf1120.com)
- What you need to know is that these procedures are short-term and are likely to trigger severe effects. (articlecity.com)
- Severe lung MLN4924 inhibition inflammation is normally induced by LPS in bacterial infections and is normally connected with neutrophil recruitment to the lung ( 0.001 in comparison to controls (PBS and free DOX). (thetechnoant.info)
Infarction3
- OSA is a risk factor for cardiovascular disorders including hypertension, congestive heart failure (CHF), myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias and infarction, and cerebrovascular conditions including stroke [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
- They were evaluated at 24 h after reperfusion for brain infarction, neurological deficit score, and the expression of 5-LOX. (biomedcentral.com)
- After acute myocardial infarction, myocardial perfusion imaging can help estimate prognosis because it can show extent of the perfusion abnormality due to acute myocardial infarction, extent of scarring due to previous infarcts, and residual peri-infarct or other areas of reversible ischemia. (msdmanuals.com)
Sepsis2
- HMGB1 is closely related to many inflammatory diseases, such as ischemia of liver and kidney, hepatitis, arthritis, stroke, ischemia buy ICG-001 of liver buy ICG-001 and kidney, sepsis, and systemic lupus erythematosus [21C25]. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
- Furthermore, we observed that treatment with ERK5 inhibitor reduces inflammation, coagulopathy, and mortality in LPS-treated mice, but conversely increases mortality and bacteremia in a cecal ligation and puncture model of sepsis. (ucsf.edu)
Endogenous1
- Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as an endogenous signaling molecule, has a great influence on several important (patho)physiological processes related to cardiovascular health and disease, including vasodilation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and cellular redox homeostasis. (wfu.edu)
Systemic1
- The ocular inflammation can be induced by systemic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin isolated from Gram-negative bacteria. (nature.com)
Retinal4
- Inflammation is in a wide spectrum of retinal diseases, causing irreversible blindness and visual impairment. (nature.com)
- Here we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of GTE on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced retinal inflammation in rats and explored the underlying mechanism. (nature.com)
- Retinal inflammation can be associated with visual impairment and even total vision loss. (nature.com)
- Hence, the aim of current study was to provide an overview of the retinal inflammation induced by LPS and suggest a potential beverage to minimize the consequences of the retinal inflammation. (nature.com)
Stroke2
- 2012 ). Immunity and inflammation plays an integral part in the pathophysiology of stroke and is involved in all stages of ischemic cascade. (biomedcentral.com)
- 2018 ). But the detailed underlying mechanism to regulate inflammation after ischemic stroke remains unclear (Goldman et al. (biomedcentral.com)
Neurological1
- The infarct size, neurological deficit score, TUNEL staining and the expression of proinflammatory factors or anti-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated at 72 h after reperfusion in the presence or absence of either α7nAChR antagonist (α-BGT) or agonist (PHA-543,613). (biomedcentral.com)
Pathways1
- The results support significant roles for miR-126 in regulating cardiac myocyte survival pathways and cell death during exposure to simulated ischemia and acidosis. (biomedres.us)
Diseases3
- Now that we have discovered IL-1b is the 'root' of the inflammation associated with necroptosis, we speculate that targeting this molecule could be an effective way of treating inflammatory diseases. (edu.au)
- We are also exploring how IL-1b is signalled to be secreted during necroptosis, so that we can create new drugs to stop its release and reduce inflammation to treat inflammatory diseases. (edu.au)
- High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can also act as an extracellular trigger of inflammation, proliferation, and migration in eye diseases. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Responses4
- HMGB1 is highly conserved and ubiquitous in the nuclei and cytoplasm of nearly all cell types, is a necessary and sufficient mediator of inflammation during sterile and infection-associated responses. (thermofisher.cn)
- A large amount of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released by all types of dead cells trigger inflammatory responses by activating microglial cells or macrophages [ 5 ]. (thno.org)
- DOX launch was triggered by acidic environments in neutrophils, subsequently inhibiting neutrophil transmigration and inflammatory responses. (thetechnoant.info)
- Interestingly, succinate plays key dual roles during inflammatory responses, leading to net inflammation or anti-inflammation depending on factors like the cellular context. (haematologica.org)
Vascular1
- Additionally, CGRP might be important in processes such as control of fetoplacental vascular tone, regulation of calcium metabolism and insulin secretion, acetylcholine receptor synthesis, peripheral nerve regeneration, and neurogenic inflammation. (bachem.com)
Pathogenesis1
- Recently, a growing body of evidence suggests that platelets have the pivotal role in the pathogenesis of several poor prognostic mediacal conditions like inflammation and cancer (10). (peertechzpublications.com)
Stimulus2
- In this comprehensive review, we categorized donors by the biological stimulus that triggers their H2S liberation and provided detailed releasing mechanisms. (wfu.edu)
- In Chapter III, a new and general design strategy was described for increasing the rate, efficiency, and selectivity of H2S liberation from thioamide-based donors through intramolecular nucleophilic assistance, triggered by a specific biological stimulus. (wfu.edu)
Mechanism1
- We plan to pursue these studies further by identifying other endocannabinoids that regulate EC inflammation, and determining the mechanism by which NADA exerts its effects in ECs. (ucsf.edu)
Liver disease1
- Gynostemma pentaphyllum is a traditional Chinese medicine that has previously been used for the treatment of chronic inflammation, hyperlipidemia and liver disease. (spandidos-publications.com)
Ischemic1
- Adenosine also serves as an important trigger in ischemic and remote preconditioning and its release may impart cardioprotection. (kyobobook.co.kr)
Occurs2
- Ischaemic reperfusion (I/R) occurs during surgical procedures, including hepatic resection and liver transplantation (LT) [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)
- This initial inflammation occurs because of a direct interaction between injured cells of the kidney allograft and the recipient´s immune system. (icoatmedical.com)
Autophagy1
- Previous study on Trim8 showed it is implicated in various pathological processes, including inflammation, autophagy and cancer [ 8 - 10 ]. (ijbs.com)
Injuries1
- Those factors include mechanical and reperfusion injuries, ischemia, various burns, UV rays, and radiation [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Acidic1
- Due to HM-mediated inflammation homing and microthrombus targeting, intravenously injected BSPC@HM NCs can efficiently accumulate in the IR-injured myocardium, where the acidic inflammatory microenvironment triggers charge reversal of PC to shed off both HM and PC layers and allow the penetration of the exposed P-Ben/siSav1 NCs into cardiomyocytes. (scimage.cn)
Organs1
- Several factors such as contact of blood with foreign surfaces, surgical trauma, ischemia reperfusion to the organs, and release of endotoxin have been widely documented to cause SIRS after CPB. (peertechzpublications.com)
Mice1
- NPC1L1 −/− mice had significant lower intestinal inflammation scores and expressed inflammatory markers p-c-Jun, p-ERK and Caspase-1 p20 lower than wild-type. (biomedcentral.com)
TLR42
- We have shown that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling is specifically required in initiating antigen-independent IRI leading to liver inflammation, whereas local induction of anti-oxidant heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is cytoprotective. (houstonmethodist.org)
- HMGB1 also act as DNA nuclear binding protein that has recently been shown to be an early trigger of sterile inflammation in animal models of trauma-hemorrhage via the activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the receptor for the advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE). (thermofisher.cn)
Secretion1
- Chronic epithelial cell damage to the cornea or lacrimal glands triggers HMGB1 secretion, which initiates an inflammatory cycle [47]. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Mechanisms1
- This paper highlights the upstream mechanisms that may trigger cognitive decline in OSA. (hindawi.com)
Acute1
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is an acute pulmonary inflammatory syndrome, is characterized by the diffuse inflammation in the lung parenchyma and osmotic pulmonary oedema [ 1 ]. (karger.com)
Molecule2
- Institute scientists have revealed a potent inflammatory molecule released by dying cells triggers inflammation during necroptosis, a recently described form of cell death linked to inflammatory disease. (edu.au)
- As ATP production plummets in the cell, the ratio of ATP to AMP is reduced, which triggers the nutrient sensing molecule AMPK to actively downregulate the synthesis of fat, increase the use of fat for energy, and increase insulin sensitivity. (lifespan.io)
Markers1
- Key apoptotic pathway intermediates and inflammation markers IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were quantified by western blot analyses, while miR-126 expression was tracked by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). (biomedres.us)
Processes1
- in fact, the B box on its own can trigger the same processes as full-length HMGB1 [27, 37]. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Cognitive1
- Inflamed and dysfunctional NTS and other key brainstem nuclei may play a pivotal role in triggering memory and cognitive dysfunction in OSA. (hindawi.com)
Knockout1
- NPC1L1 knockout also reduced lymphadenectasis what may be caused by inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
Receptor1
- Simultaneous stimulation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-1) activating receptor on monocytes results in the amplification of the inflammatory signal and multiple increase in proinflammatory cytokine production. (hindawi.com)
Expression3
- The expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in the penumbral tissue following reperfusion was assessed by western blotting and immunoflourescent staining. (biomedcentral.com)
- As an interesting aside, NADH is used up in this process, reducing the ratio of NAD+ to NADH, which could, in theory, trigger the expression of sirtuins [4]. (lifespan.io)
- The ischemia insult triggered TIM-4 expression by stressed hepatocellular phosphatidylserine (PS) presentation, peaking at 6 hours of reperfusion, and coinciding with the maximal hepatocellular damage. (bioxcell.com)
Hypoxia1
- These elements consist of hypoxia and high pH (reducing HbS air affinity), lag period of red bloodstream cells in the microcirculation due to inflammation and mobile adhesive occasions, and a rise in the intraerythrocytic HbS focus, frequently mediated with the activation of membrane ion stations just like the Gardos route that deplete intracellular drinking water. (bibf1120.com)
Rats1
- Ocular inflammation was induced in adult rats by injecting 1 mg/kg LPS into the left footpad. (nature.com)
Model1
- Finally, in a newly established model of liver IRI, adoptive transfer of WT but not TIM-4-deficient BMM readily recreated local inflammation response/hepatocellular damage in the CD11b-DTR mouse system. (bioxcell.com)
Brain1
- Brain ischemia-reperfusion (IR) triggers a complex series of biochemical events including inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
Damage2
- Efferocytosis of apoptotic neurons by macrophages is essential for the resolution of inflammation and for neuronal protection from secondary damage. (thno.org)
- Under neurodegenerative circumstances overactivation of both synaptic and extra synaptic NMDARs trigger excessive influx of Ca2+ ions generating neurotoxic levels of free of charge radical connected with proteins misfolding mitochondrial dysfunction synaptic damage and eventual neuronal reduction rather than the physiological part of mediating neuronal function and success in basal circumstances when the NMDARs had been mildly triggered [5-7]. (researchassistantresume.com)
Cell5
- Dr Lisa Lindqvist, Dr Kate Lawlor, Dr James Vince and PhD student Ms Stephanie Conos led research that showed interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b) triggers inflammation during necroptotic cell death. (edu.au)
- Dr Lindqvist said the discovery challenged a long-standing dogma that inflammation triggered by necroptosis was a byproduct of dead cell debris. (edu.au)
- Important roles of inflammatory mediators in cardiac cell death by ischemia with or without reperfusion are well established [12-14]. (biomedres.us)
- From a scientific standpoint, elements that modulate these elements shall boost crimson bloodstream cell HbS polymerization and trigger flares of disease. (bibf1120.com)
- The adaptive immune system is also triggered, eliciting complement activation and T cell activation. (jci.org)