OrganismsChemicals and DrugsTechnology, Industry, Agriculture
TrichodermaRhizoctoniaCellulose 1,4-beta-CellobiosidaseHypocreaCellulaseMitosporic FungiCellulose
HarzianumPathogensAspergillusVirens strain G-41FungiIsolatesFungusGenusViridePenicilliumIsolateSclerotiniaMycoparasitePseudomonasFusariumSoilsBissettOrganismsGenomeFungicideStrainsNitrogenColonizationEnhances2018BacillusSecondary metabolitesPhylogenetic analysesCommon speciesPlantPleurotusColonizeDegradationMolecularFilamentousPlantsCombinationsResistanceControlGenerateFermentationCompounds
Harzianum17
  • Trichoderma harzianum , Trichoderma koningii , and Trichoderma virens employed either alone or in combination. (springeropen.com)
  • Trichoderma harzianum , Trichoderma koningii , and Trichoderma virens and tebuconazole, were compared for their ability to suppress S . cepivora isolate (Sc8). (springeropen.com)
  • Solubilization of phosphates and micronutrients by the plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum rifai 1295-22. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Chitinase CHIT36 from Trichoderma harzianum enhances resistance of transgenic carrot to fungal pathogens. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Expression of endochitinase from Trichoderma harzianum in transgenic apple increases resistance to apple scab and reduces vigor. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Synergistic activity of endochitinase and exochitinase from Trichoderma harzianum against the pathogenic fungus Venturia inaequalis in transgenic plants. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Transgenic tobacco cell cultures expressing a Trichoderma harzianum endochitinase gene release the enzyme into the medium. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Microscopic and transcriptome analyses of early colonization of tomato roots by Trichoderma harzianum. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Increased growth of plants in the presence of the biological control agent Trichoderma harzianum. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref15502, author = {Walter Gams and Wieland Meyer}, title = {What exactly is Trichoderma harzianum? (treebase.org)
  • What exactly is Trichoderma harzianum? (treebase.org)
  • Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens using beneficial fungi, such as the mycoparasite Trichoderma harzianum , offers the prospect of environmentally benign pest control. (scirp.org)
  • Harman, G.E., Petzoldt, R., Comis, A. and Chen, J. (2004) Interactions between Trichoderma harzianum Strain T22 and Maize Inbred Line Mo17 and Effects of These Interactions on Diseases Caused by Pythiuin ultimum and Colletotrichum graminicola. (scirp.org)
  • Knudsen, G.R., Eschen, D.J., Dandurand, L.M. and Bin, L. (1991) Potential for Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum through Colonization of Sclerotia by Trichoderma harzianum. (scirp.org)
  • Bae, Y.-S. and Knudsen, G.R. (2001) Influence of a Fungus-Feeding Nematode on Growth and Biocontrol Efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum. (scirp.org)
  • Bae, Y.S. and Knudsen, G.R. (2000) Cotransformation of Trichoderma harzianum with β-Glucuronidase and Green Fluorescent Protein Genes Provides a Useful Tool for Monitoring Fungal Growth and Activity in Natural Soils. (scirp.org)
  • Two laccase isoenzymes (LacA and LacB) were isolated from a novel Trichoderma harzianum S7113 isolate employing ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G100, and DEAE Sepharose ion exchange chromatography. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathogens7
  • Trichoderma a. is a mycoparasite, and thus an effective organism to help deal with fungal plant pathogens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Trichoderma atroviride is a mycoparasitic fungus used as biological control agent to protect plants against fungal pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Biocontrol by competition for resources describes the more effective mobilization and absorption of nutrients from the soil by Trichoderma than by fungal plant pathogens inhabiting the same space ( Chet and Inbar, 1994 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This approach could be used to identify and promote micro-organisms with beneficial effects against residue-borne pathogens, and more broadly, to decipher the complex interactions between multi-species pathosystems and other microbial components in crop residues. (biorxiv.org)
  • Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the most destructive necrotrophic fungal pathogens that infect more than 500 plant species throughout the world. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As strains of T. virens are used to protect many crops from a variety of pathogens, this species is a model system for elucidating the mechanisms of biological control. (doe.gov)
  • Membranes are targets for destruction or modification by competing species, pathogens and abiotic stress conditions in all organisms. (lu.se)
Aspergillus5
  • Contamination with mycotoxins is a recurrent problem in Brazil nuts and is caused mainly by post-harvest infection with Aspergillus section Flavi species. (researchgate.net)
  • Aspergillus nomius is a potent producer of aflatoxins B and G and is one of the most common species of fungi found in Brazil nuts. (researchgate.net)
  • Therefore, assessment of the response of aflatoxigenic species to different temperatures is important to add information about the understanding of aflatoxin production by Aspergillus nomius and may help in the development of new strategies to prevent aflatoxin contamination. (researchgate.net)
  • The results showed that these formulations effectively inhibited the selected fungal species such as Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp. (irg-wp.com)
  • Only 4 species- Thermomyces lanuginosus, Talaromyces thermophilus, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Gibellulopsis nigrescens of the 27 strains of thermophilic fungi were dominant, with A. fumigatus and T. lanuginosus the other two species. (pulsus.com)
Virens strain G-412
Fungi8
  • Trichoderma a. is a mycoparasite saprophyte, meaning it parasitizes other fungi and it obtains its food by absorbing dissolved organic matter. (wikipedia.org)
  • Specifically, Trichoderma a. can compete for nutrients and produce fungi cell wall degrading enzymes to kill its host fungus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The International Subcommission on Trichoderma and Hypocrea (ISTH) is a Subcommission of the International Commission for the Taxonomy of Fungi (hereafter ICTF), a Commission of the Mycology Division of the International Union of Microbiological Societies (hereafter IUMS Mycology Division). (trichoderma.info)
  • An OMRI listed and EPA registered preventative fungicide - RootShield Plus WP contains two species of beneficial fungi that deliver an extended range of disease control. (arbico-organics.com)
  • Although numerous studies have reported the presence of plant-growth promoting bacteria and fungi in below-ground biomes, it remains a major challenge to understand how sets of microbial species positively or negatively affect plants' performance. (frontiersin.org)
  • By conducting a series of single- and dual-inoculation experiments of 13 plant-associated fungi targeting a Brassicaceae plant species ( Brassica rapa var. (frontiersin.org)
  • Sporotrichum-chlorinum, Trichoderma-viride, and Penicillium species were the most common fungi. (cdc.gov)
  • Trichoderma virens is a haploid, filamentous hyphomycete (a subclass of fungi). (doe.gov)
Isolates5
  • Forty-nine isolates of Trichoderma from the Brazilian Midwest were evaluated for their antagonistic activity in vitro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (causal agent of white mold), which were then identified based on their nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. (scielo.br)
  • Trichoderma isolates were collected from moist soils near a water source in different areas of China. (trichoderma.info)
  • Evaluation of isolates of Trichoderma, pseudomonas and bacillus species as treatment for the control of post-harvest fungal rot disease of yam (Dioscorea spp. (iita.org)
  • These results on the offset and synergistic effects of pairs of microbes suggest that inoculation experiments of single microbial species/isolates can result in the overestimation or underestimation of microbial functions in multi-species contexts. (frontiersin.org)
  • Ninety-four isolates of Trichoderma were obtained during this study: 76 as endophytes of healthy. (cabi.org)
Fungus3
  • This mini-review summarizes the main findings concerning the Trichoderma -plant interaction, the molecular dialogue between the two organisms, and the dramatic changes induced by the beneficial fungus in the plant. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Impressively there are species of fungus that can grow and thrive on clean optical surfaces. (darkerview.com)
  • It is not a single species of fungus responsible for the problem. (darkerview.com)
Genus6
  • This fungal species is of particular interest to researchers due to the plethora of secondary metabolites it makes which are used in industry The genus Trichoderma is known for its ubiquity in almost all soils and being easy to culture. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first description of the genus Trichoderma dates back to 1794, but individual species were not specified, and it was not until 1969 that a framework for identifying Trichoderma species was established. (wikipedia.org)
  • Trichoderma (teleomorph Hypocrea ) is a fungal genus found in many ecosystems. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The genus Cryptococcus is well known for its two species - Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gatii - that are etiological agents of cryptococcosis, an important fungal disease of mammals, including humans, and which is particularly common in immunocompromised patients. (cabi.org)
  • A mitosporic Ophiostomataceae fungal genus, whose species Sporothrix schenckii is a well-known animal pathogen. (bvsalud.org)
  • A mitosporic Saccharomycetales fungal genus, various species of which have been isolated from pulmonary lesions. (bvsalud.org)
Viride1
Penicillium1
  • The following species were frequently isolated from instruments which had been in New Guinea: Penicillium spinulosum, Thom. (darkerview.com)
Isolate1
Sclerotinia4
  • Quarenta e nove isolados de Trichoderma obtidos no centro-oeste do Brasil foram avaliados quanto a sua atividade antagônica in vitro contra Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (agente causal do mofo branco) e identificados com base nas sequências ITS do DNA ribossômico nuclear. (scielo.br)
  • Kim, T.G. and Knudsen, G.R. (2008) Quantitative Real-Time PCR Effectively Detects and Quantifies Colonization of Sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by Trichoderma spp. (scirp.org)
  • White mold (Sclerotinia sclerotium) is a widespread disease of over 300 species of plants. (mofga.org)
  • A related species, Sclerotinia minor, causes "lettuce drop" in lettuce, and organic management considerations are similar. (mofga.org)
Mycoparasite1
  • Trichoderma atroviride is a strong necrotrophic mycoparasite antagonizing and feeding on a broad range of fungal phytopathogens. (mdpi.com)
Pseudomonas1
  • The efficacy of four biological control agents (BCAs): Trichoderma asperellum strain NGT158, T. longibrachiatum strain NGT167, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens for the management of post-harvest tuber rot among four yam species, Dioscorea rotundata, D. cayenensis, D. alata, and D. dumetorum was evaluated. (iita.org)
Fusarium1
Soils2
  • Trichoderma atroviride are fairly ubiquitous organisms, they are found in soils in both tropical and temperate locations around the world. (wikipedia.org)
  • Zhang G-Z, Yang H-T, Zhang X-J, Zhou F-Y, Wu X-Q, Xie X-Y, Zhao X-Y, Zhou H-Z (2022) Five new species of Trichoderma from moist soils in China. (trichoderma.info)
Bissett1
  • Trichoderma helicum Bissett et al. (atcc.org)
Organisms2
  • This has allowed Trichoderma a. to be an instrumental model organism in research that aims to understand how organisms respond to stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
  • For instance, although anaerobic bacteria, such as Clostridium thermocellum and Acetivibrio cellulalyticus, integrate diverse cellulases, aerobic organisms, such as Trichoderma species and several actinomycetes, generate and exude free lignocellulolytic enzymes (Cells). (pulsus.com)
Genome3
  • Furthermore, researchers have been experimenting with Trichoderma a. genome to get it to express even more aggressive fungicide agents. (wikipedia.org)
  • Trichoderma a. fills both of those requirements, as it releases spores in response to light, and has a conserved genome that can be edited with known genetic tools. (wikipedia.org)
  • Efforts to enhance plant resistance and tolerance to a broad range of stresses by expressing Trichoderma genes in the plant genome are also addressed. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Fungicide1
  • Under low disease pressure, significant control, equal to the fungicide treatment, was achieved with the trip combination of three Trichoderma species. (springeropen.com)
Strains2
  • Moreover, as revealed by research in recent decades, some Trichoderma strains can interact directly with roots, increasing plant growth potential, resistance to disease and tolerance to abiotic stresses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • As a result of the shifting composting environment, several strains of the same species emerged separately at different phases of composting, exhibiting phenotypes with variable thermotolerance and unique enzyme expression that had not been previously recorded for the species. (pulsus.com)
Nitrogen1
  • Trichoderma a. are found in many substrates including decaying wood, and fungal fruiting bodies, and are known to be able to use a wide range of substrates for carbon and nitrogen sources. (wikipedia.org)
Colonization1
Enhances1
  • Protoplast fusion enhances antagonistic activity in Trichoderma sp Nat & Science 10(5):100-106. (scielo.br)
20182
  • The combination of the three Trichoderma species was the most effective treatment, decreasing disease incidence by 50.0% in 2016/2017 season and 40.0% in 2017/2018 season, respectively. (springeropen.com)
  • The triple combination of three Trichoderma species decreasing disease incidence by 65.6 and 15.5% in 2016/2017 season and 74.2 and 18.6% during 2017/2018 season, under low and high inoculum density, respectively. (springeropen.com)
Bacillus1
  • Aeribacillus pallidus and Bacillus licheniformis were the two most common species. (pulsus.com)
Secondary metabolites1
  • To overcome the host plant defense response, M. phaseolina encodes a significant number of P450s, MFS type membrane transporters, glycosidases, transposases, and secondary metabolites in comparison to all sequenced ascomycete species. (biomedcentral.com)
Phylogenetic analyses1
  • Combined analyses of phylogenetic analyses of both phylograms ( tef1 -α and rpb2 ) and morphological characteristics, revealed five new species of Trichoderma , namely Trichoderma hailarense , T. macrofasciculatum , T. nordicum , T. shangrilaense , and T. vadicola . (trichoderma.info)
Common species1
  • So far, Monilia crassa has not been isolated from Australian instruments, although Dr. W. G. Hutchinson (5) of the United States, found this to be a common species in the Panama zone, and it has also been recorded as frequent in West Africa by Major I. G. Campbell. (darkerview.com)
Plant3
  • Trichoderma helps prevent and control soil-born fungal diseases by colonizing plant root systems and boosting biological diversity in the root zone. (arbico-organics.com)
  • partheniicola , on Parthenium hysterophorus an invasive alien plant species in Pakistan. (cabi.org)
  • Trichoderma is a biological plant growth stimulator that forms a symbiotic relationship with the root systems of plants. (terraforums.com)
Pleurotus1
  • The species Pleurotus pulmonarius , Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor were assessed, both individually, and in their binary consortia. (ac.be)
Colonize2
  • Finally, Trichoderma are known for their fast growth rates, and ability to colonize most substrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • Apparently quite a few species are able to colonize an optical surface. (darkerview.com)
Degradation2
  • Evaluation of three individual fungal species, as well as various fungal consortia of these species, for the degradation of a mixture of dyes, brilliant blue - allura red, through solid-state fermentation. (ac.be)
  • This species reached an average degradation of 79.57% of the binary mixture of dyes, brilliant blue - allura red. (ac.be)
Molecular1
  • Laccase is a glycosylated monomer with a molecular mass ranging from 54 to 97 kDa, relying on the source species. (biomedcentral.com)
Filamentous2
  • Trichoderma atroviride is a filamentous fungal species commonly found in the soil. (wikipedia.org)
  • Trichoderma species are ubiquitously described as having long filamentous hyphae and the ability to germinate on many different substrates. (wikipedia.org)
Plants1
  • The activities of defense enzymes, i.e., peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, and chitinase due to application of Trichoderma species, were enhanced in garlic plants either grown under low or high disease pressures. (springeropen.com)
Combinations1
  • The three Trichoderma species employed alone or in combinations and tebuconazole were evaluated under low and high disease pressures in field trials to determine which situation (s) provided the best control of garlic white rot. (springeropen.com)
Resistance1
  • Test specimens of this species were completely destroyed within a short period of nine months due to severe attack of borers indicating its very low natural resistance. (irg-wp.com)
Control3
  • However, Trichoderma species employed alone gave insignificant control of garlic white rot under high disease pressure. (springeropen.com)
  • It was concluded that, at the low disease pressure site, the low level of inoculum and disease incidence enabled three Trichoderma species to bring about disease control. (springeropen.com)
  • The results of field experiments, using biological control against internal decay of creosoted poles, are briefly reviewed and the evidence concerning the leachability of the antibiotics produced by these species is presented. (irg-wp.com)
Generate1
  • Experimenting with 16 fungal species, we show that the method is able to generate results that are easily interpretable and that provide hypotheses about the evolution of metabolism. (helsinki.fi)
Fermentation1
  • Ces dernières années, les méthodes biologiques, telles que la fermentation à l'état solide, ont acquis une grande importance pour la biorestauration de molécules complexes en raison de leur efficacité et de leur faible impact environnemental. (ac.be)
Compounds1
  • The presented assays will be useful for screening of candidate compounds, and for evaluating their impact on the developmental spectrum of T. atroviride and other related species alike. (frontiersin.org)