Among discordant sera, the rate of nonreactive confirmatory treponemal tests was 2.9 times higher in a population with low prevalence of syphilis, suggesting that the low-prevalence population had a higher percentage of false-positive test results. (cdc.gov)
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of syphilis among blood donors and whether seroconversion occurred in transfusion recipients. (cdc.gov)
The high prevalence of syphilis seropositivity in blood donors and seroconversion of a transfusion recipient shows that in centers where screening is not conducted, recipients of blood transfusions are at risk for contracting transfusion-transmitted syphilis. (cdc.gov)
Fluorescent treponem2
Among these discordant sera, 31.6% also were nonreactive by treponemal testing using Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TP-PA) or fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbed (FTA-ABS) tests. (cdc.gov)
Title : An evaluation of the Kolmer Reiter protein and fluorescent treponemal antibody tests Personal Author(s) : Tucker, Cecil B.;Cameron, George M.;Buchanan, Rufus L.;Dillon, Ann;Grayson, John H. (cdc.gov)
Blood donors1
Routine screening of blood donors and refrigeration of donated blood before its use has resulted in only 3 reported cases of transfusion-transmitted syphilis over the past 4 decades ( 2 - 6 ). (cdc.gov)
Serologic2
As a result, serologic testing is the method most often used to diagnose syphilis in patients with suspected disease. (cdc.gov)
Transfusion-transmitted syphilis, which is caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum , is one of the oldest recognized infectious risks of blood transfusion ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Pretransfusion plasma samples from 200 conscious transfusion recipients in adult, pediatric, and obstetric inpatient departments and samples of their transfused blood were tested for syphilis. (cdc.gov)
This recipient who showed seroconversion most likely had a case of transfusion-transmitted syphilis. (cdc.gov)
Such short periods of blood storage do not provide an adequate margin of safety against transfusion-transmitted syphilis. (cdc.gov)
Findings from this study have been discussed with the hospital transfusion committee, and new syphilis screening guidelines and testing algorithms are being developed. (cdc.gov)
Treponema1
Treponema pallidum , the bacterium that causes syphilis, cannot be cultured. (cdc.gov)
Enzyme1
Recently, the availability of automatable treponemal enzyme and chemiluminescence immunoassays (EIA/CIA) has led some laboratories to adopt a reverse sequence of screening in which a treponemal EIA/CIA is performed first, followed by testing of reactive sera with a nontreponemal test. (cdc.gov)
Pallidum1
Serodiagnosis of syphilis involves the detection of two distinct types of antibodies: 1) nontreponemal antibodies directed against lipoidal antigens released from damaged host cells and possibly from the treponemes themselves and 2) treponemal antibodies directed against T. pallidum proteins. (cdc.gov)
Infection1
Discordant testing results could be caused by 1) previous syphilis infection, treated or untreated, with persistence of treponemal antibodies but seroreversion of nontreponemal antibodies, 2) a false-positive treponemal test result, or 3) early primary syphilis in a person who has yet to develop nontreponemal antibodies. (cdc.gov)
Recommends1
The World Health Organization recommends screening all donated blood for syphilis ( 7 ), but doing so is challenging for many developing countries. (cdc.gov)
Result2
This reverse sequence can result in identification of discordant sera that are reactive with a treponemal test but nonreactive with a nontreponemal test. (cdc.gov)
This result does not occur with the traditional algorithm because only nontreponemal-reactive sera are tested with a treponemal test. (cdc.gov)
Initial1
This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that among sera reactive on initial screening with a treponemal EIA/CIA, 56.7% had a nonreactive RPR test. (cdc.gov)
High1
To reduce the time and labor required for syphilis screening, some laboratories have adopted reverse sequence screening in which sera are tested first by a treponemal EIA/CIA that permits automation for high throughput testing, followed by nontreponemal testing of reactive specimens. (cdc.gov)
Tests2
this screening is followed by confirmation using one of several treponemal tests. (cdc.gov)
Although CDC continues to recommend the traditional algorithm with reactive nontreponemal tests confirmed by treponemal testing, in this report CDC offers additional recommendations if reverse sequence syphilis screening is used. (cdc.gov)
Treatment3
Treponemal antibodies appear earlier than nontreponemal antibodies and usually remain detectable for life, even after successful treatment. (cdc.gov)
The report recommended a confirmatory treponemal test for discordant sera (using a test other than EIA or CIA) to identify persons who might require treatment ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
She was referred to pediatricians for treatment of syphilis. (cdc.gov)
Serological1
Enrollment Eligibility included clinical and serological evidence of symptomatic syphilis. (biomedcentral.com)
Asymptomatic1
We aim to develop a model for diagnosing ANS in asymptomatic syphilis (AS) patients without CSF indicators. (biomedcentral.com)
These comprehensive recommendations are the first published by CDC on laboratory testing for syphilis, which has traditionally been based on serologic algorithms to detect a humoral immune response to T. pallidum. (cdc.gov)
Despite all that, the ANS diagnosis most depends on the combination of abnormal results of serum and CSF syphilis tests and elevation in the CSF white-cell count and protein content so far, but no consensual definition exists. (biomedcentral.com)
Antibodies1
These tests can be divided into nontreponemal and treponemal tests depending on whether they detect antibodies that are broadly reactive to lipoidal antigens shared by both host and T. pallidum or antibodies specific to T. pallidum, respectively. (cdc.gov)
Algorithms1
Findings from this study have been discussed with the hospital transfusion committee, and new syphilis screening guidelines and testing algorithms are being developed. (cdc.gov)
Clinical2
Although NS occurs at any stage of syphilis and has various clinical manifestations, ANS is the most common [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Future revisions to these recommendations will be based on new research or technologic advancements for syphilis clinical laboratory science. (cdc.gov)
Decades1
Routine screening of blood donors and refrigeration of donated blood before its use has resulted in only 3 reported cases of transfusion-transmitted syphilis over the past 4 decades ( 2 - 6 ). (cdc.gov)
Test3
Our research will help clinicians track suspected syphilis, especially those who cannot accept the CSF test. (biomedcentral.com)
We performed this study to analyse the results of syphilis-related indicators in serum and CSF of AS patients, establish a model to predict the possibility of ANS, and test it. (biomedcentral.com)
In collaboration with the Association of Public Health Laboratories, three public health laboratories (PHL) were chosen through a competitive selection process to evaluate the performance of three FDA-cleared automated RPR test systems: BioPlex 2200 Syphilis Total & RPR assay (Bio-Rad Laboratories), AIX 1000 (Gold Standard Diagnostics), and ASI Evolution (Arlington Scientific). (cdc.gov)
Cases1
In 2020, a total of 133 945 cases of all stages of syphilis were reported in the United States, an increase of more than 70% since 2015. (cdc.gov)
Study1
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of syphilis among blood donors and whether seroconversion occurred in transfusion recipients. (cdc.gov)