• Objectives: We evaluated the results of the correction of adduction and internal rotation deformities of the shoulder associated with residual obstetrical brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) by the transfer of latissimus dorsi and teres major muscles to the rotator cuff. (aott.org.tr)
  • Brachial Plexus injury expert specializing in erb's palsy and brachial plexus palsy treatment. (drnathbrachialplexus.com)
  • Dr. Vigna works with leading experts in treatment and rehabilitation of brachial plexus injuries, including Erb's Palsy and Klumpke's Palsy, and as your brachial plexus injury lawyer develops a case around getting you the most effective life-long treatments possible. (lifecare123.com)
  • Obstetric brachial plexus palsy is a well known, challenging condition that afflicts 1% of births. (medscape.com)
  • The renowned British obstetrician Smellie is attributed with providing the first medical description of obstetrica brachial plexus palsy. (medscape.com)
  • During childbirth, a baby's brachial plexus may get stretched, resulting in brachial plexus birth palsy (sometimes called Erb's palsy). (choc.org)
  • Babies born with birth palsy should receive treatment as early possible to have the most ideal recovery and benefit from the most minimally invasive treatments. (choc.org)
  • Babies with cerebral palsy can often, with proper treatment, live near-normal lives. (lommen.com)
  • Another area of our research is to investigate injury threshold values for neonatal brachial plexus palsy, which is a birth-related complication. (drexel.edu)
  • We are currently investigating functional and anatomical changes in the neonatal brachial plexus that can help with diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of neonatal brachial plexus palsy. (drexel.edu)
  • She is currently involved in understanding the biomechanical, functional and structural injury thresholds for neonatal brachial plexus palsy. (drexel.edu)
  • As opposed to cerebral palsy, the cause of this condition is an injury to the nerves that surround the shoulder (the brachial plexus). (mycerebralpalsychild.org)
  • Other names by that refer to this condition include brachial palsy , Erb-duchenne paralysis , or Klumpke paralysis . (mycerebralpalsychild.org)
  • In 1861, Duchenne invented the term obstetric palsy of the brachial plexus after examining 4 infants with paralysis of identical muscles in the arm and shoulder. (medscape.com)
  • In the same year, Klumpke described lesions of C8 and thoracic nerve T1 in birth palsy and associated the Horner sign with lower-trunk lesions of the brachial plexus. (medscape.com)
  • However, the initial enthusiasm for surgical treatment of obstetric brachial plexus palsy was not applied until 1984. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] Because of their encouraging results with early surgical intervention, primary nerve repair for obstetrica brachial plexus palsy resurfaced. (medscape.com)
  • Examples are treatment of hand-arm dysfunction in cerebral palsy (botulinumtoxin and surgery) and congential anomalies. (lu.se)
  • A close collaboration, with respect to cases with cerebral palsy, brachial plexus birth palsy and congenital anomalies, is conducted with Child Habilitation units in the region. (lu.se)
  • Our clinical studies examine surgical and treatment outcomes for children with brachial plexus injuries (BPBI) including data captured in our Motion Analysis Laboratory. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • If you need brachial plexus surgery, it may be effective only if it's done within three to six months after your injury. (ohsu.edu)
  • The peripheral nerve fibre transfer is carried out in addition to the reconstruction of the brachial plexus or in case of a root avulsion. (millesicenter.com)
  • Since the advent of microsurgical techniques and a trend for secondary reconstruction, studies have evolved to assess the surgical treatment of these injuries. (medscape.com)
  • As you embark on your journey to seek brachial plexus treatment, we highly recommend considering The Institute for Advanced Reconstruction. (medicaltourism.com)
  • Kennedy presaged modern primary brachial plexus reconstruction with his attempts to resect proximal plexus neuromas and to perform primary suture repair in 1903. (medscape.com)
  • In many instances, however, delay in treatment or complete avulsion of the brachial plexus limits the reconstruction options. (medscape.com)
  • Among such cases are major and severe upper extremity trauma, flexor tendon injuries, lesions to major nerve trunks and the brachial plexus as well as injuries requiring microvascular reconstruction. (lu.se)
  • Treatment for brachial plexus injuries includes physical therapy and, in some cases, surgery. (brainfacts.org)
  • 10 clinics specializing in Neurosurgery and Orthopedic surgery providing treatment of Brachial plexus injury Brachial plexus injury refers to damage to the network of nerves that control the movement and sensation in the arm and hand. (doctor.global)
  • Approximately 10 percent of children with brachial plexus nerve damage also require surgery to repair the damage. (choc.org)
  • If the nerve was torn, or if movement does not return after a few months, additional treatment such as surgery may be needed. (choc.org)
  • About 10 percent of children with brachial plexus nerve damage will need surgery to help them recover. (choc.org)
  • Watch as Louise shares her experience having brachial plexus surgery with Dr. Andrew Elkwood. (advancedreconstruction.com)
  • Srey Srors from Cambodia raised $637 to fund brachial plexus repair surgery. (watsi.org)
  • On December 10th, she will undergo a brachial plexus repair surgery. (watsi.org)
  • Srey Srors underwent brachial plexus repair surgery. (watsi.org)
  • Following brachial plexus surgery, patients will require prolonged rehabilitation by specialist physiotherapist and occupational therapist. (nerveclinic.co.uk)
  • The benefits of the BCP in orthopedic surgery include access to the anterior and posterior shoulder, reduced traction induced brachial plexus neuropathies, decreased port placement related injuries, decrease operative time, and more anatomic position and movement of the shoulder. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • According to current organization and agreements with the orthopaedic departments in Sweden, all major hand surgery cases are referred to the hand centers for specialist treatment. (lu.se)
  • To achieve an optimal treatment, there is a strong link between clinical hand surgery and academic hand surgery including teaching, research and development. (lu.se)
  • 5) Concomitant ipsilateral fractures of distal humerus/ or elbow joint, 6) Previous surgery of affected shoulder, 7) Pathologic fracture (malignancy fractures), 8) Neurovascular injuries (e.g., stroke, or brachial plexus injuries), 9) Neurological disorders (e.g. (who.int)
  • We offer you various operative treatment methods for brachial plexus injuries that depend on the severity of the injury. (millesicenter.com)
  • One of the most common peripheral nerve injuries that we treat is brachial plexus injury , which can vary widely in severity and required complexity of care. (mayoclinic.org)
  • The severity of a brachial plexus injury is determined by the type of damage done to the nerves. (brainfacts.org)
  • The severity of a damaged brachial plexus varies. (choc.org)
  • Symptoms of brachial plexus injury (BPI) vary on the severity and location of the injury, but include muscle weakness, loss of sensation, pain, and paralysis. (watsi.org)
  • The location and severity of nerve damage can be assessed, and a treatment plan proposed. (hss.edu)
  • In cases with unilateral impairment, assessing the asymmetry between the upper extremity has been used to assess outcomes of treatment and severity of injury. (bvsalud.org)
  • At the HSS Center for Brachial Plexus and Traumatic Nerve Injury, patients are cared for by a multidisciplinary team with extensive experience in every aspect of their treatment, from diagnosis to long-term follow-up. (hss.edu)
  • For therapists,doctors and other health care providers who wish to reffer patients for evaluation and/or treatment. (drnathbrachialplexus.com)
  • It's not uncommon for us to see patients with a brachial plexus injury that was missed or misdiagnosed elsewhere, delaying treatment and lowering chances of a successful outcome. (ohsu.edu)
  • Dr. Greg Vigna is a rehabilitation physician and brachial plexus lawyer who has cared for many patients suffering from brachial plexus injuries. (lifecare123.com)
  • Medical tourism has become a global phenomenon, offering patients the opportunity to seek specialized treatments, state-of-the-art facilities, and expert medical care across international borders. (medicaltourism.com)
  • Patients must be planned to undergo trial of high-frequency spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain due to brachial plexus avulsion injury. (mayo.edu)
  • What kinds of symptoms do patients experience before receiving treatment? (watsi.org)
  • In patients receiving anticoagulants, a hematoma may compress the lumbosacral plexus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Suspect acute brachial neuritis if patients have severe supraclavicular pain, followed by weakness and hyporeflexia that develop within days and resolve over months. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Following multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment (MDT), we decided to first control hypertension to alleviate the acute and critical patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • For local pain relief, patients given Exparel liposomal after an operation for haemorrhoids (piles) had a total pain score for a 3-day period of 142, compared with 203 for patients given placebo (a dummy treatment). (europa.eu)
  • Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been used primarily for immune deficiency patients, and its greatest expansion is seen more and more in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, especially in neurology. (nursingcenter.com)
  • Two treatments for GBS were shown to be beneficial in large randomized and controlled trials involving more than 700 patients. (nursingcenter.com)
  • The most common complaint among patients who suffer from brachial plexus neuropraxia is burning and stinging pain. (janiceklaw.com)
  • In addition to restoration of elbow flexion, this double free muscle transfer provides an opportunity for patients with complete brachial plexus avulsions to regain prehension. (medscape.com)
  • Soixante-douze virgule deux pour cent des patients déclaraient satisfaits de leur prise en charge. (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusion: Le développement extensif de la chirurgie ambulatoire est basé sur la sélection des patients à qui l'on propose ce type de prise en charge. (bvsalud.org)
  • Elle a concerné les patients àgés de plus de 15 ans pris en charge dans le service et décédés en hospitalisation, en réanimation ou au bloc opératoire. (bvsalud.org)
  • Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive de 74 patients hospitalisés dans le Service en 2017. (bvsalud.org)
  • Patients should undergo CT simulation in treatment position with a slice thickness of maximum 3 mm. (cancercentrum.se)
  • The good news is there are surgical interventions that can help recovery in certain types of brachial plexus damage. (lifecare123.com)
  • Nerve recovery is a very slow process that can take months and years to complete regardless of the need for surgical intervention for treatment after a brachial plexus injury. (umich.edu)
  • Secondary residual deformities, such as the internal rotation and adduction deformity of the upper extremity, arise from prolonged conservative management or failed surgical treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment for this condition involves a multidisciplinary approach, including surgical intervention, rehabilitation, and ongoing medical care. (medicaltourism.com)
  • Additionally, the presence of cutting-edge diagnostic and surgical technologies is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. (medicaltourism.com)
  • Our pediatric orthopedic surgeons have extensive experience in nonsurgical and surgical treatment methods. (jdch.com)
  • Are there non-surgical treatments for the pain? (hss.edu)
  • There are non-surgical treatments available. (hss.edu)
  • In the neonate, such injuries are even more harmful, since surgical treatment is limited and neuronal loss is particularly enhanced by neurotrophic factors deprivation. (hindawi.com)
  • Caused by trauma such as an automobile accident, a bite or gunshot wound, a surgical complication, or a fall, brachial plexus avulsion or injury can happen to any breed or age of dog or cat. (vin.com)
  • Because of Seddon's disappointing outcomes with nerve grafts to treat a traction injury, surgical treatment steered away from primary repair and toward muscle releases and transfers. (medscape.com)
  • 2. Total brachial plexus lesion - It affects almost all the nerves of the plexus and presents with a flail limb without sensations. (brachialplexustreatment.com)
  • Brachial plexus lesion results in loss of motor and sensory function, being more harmful in the neonate. (hindawi.com)
  • Upper and lower limb innervation is greatly affected by brachial and lumbosacral plexus lesion, leading to loss of motor and sensory function [ 1 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Using a neonatal piglet animal model, we have reported failure strains and loads that lead to brachial plexus avulsion and rupture injuries. (drexel.edu)
  • The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that originate from the spinal cord (5th to 8th cervical (C5-C8), and 1st thoracic (T1) spinal nerves) and control the movement and sensation in the upper limb. (brachialplexustreatment.com)
  • The brachial plexus is formed by a union of anterior rami of the lower four cervical (C5 through C8) and the first thoracic (T1) spinal nerves between the anterior and middle scalene muscles. (brachialplexustreatment.com)
  • Some nerve fibers to the plexus may originate from the fourth cervical (C4, prefixed) or from the second thoracic (T2, post fixed) nerves. (brachialplexustreatment.com)
  • Most obstetric injuries to the brachial plexus involve the upper trunk and cervical nerve roots C5 and C6. (medscape.com)
  • The prevertebral fascia, superficial cervical plexus, and sternocleidomastoid muscle are seen superficial to the plexus. (nysora.com)
  • The supraclavicular branches of the cervical plexus, supplying the skin over the acromion and clavicle, are also blocked due to the proximal and superficial spread of local anesthetic. (nysora.com)
  • The brachial plexus is composed of cervical C5--8 and T1 nerve roots, which mainly innervate the sensation and movement of the upper limbs, shoulders, and chest. (hindawi.com)
  • The brachial plexus is basically a group of nerves that begin in the cervical and thoracic regions of the spinal cord. (janiceklaw.com)
  • growth of a metastatic mass in the right hemicollar with involvement of the brachial plexus, cervical, infraclavicular, and Lhermitte-Duclos Disease and right axillary lymph nodes. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Brachial Plexus is a bundle of nerves that travels from the spinal cord into the arm and hand. (tvcc.on.ca)
  • The brachial plexus, a network of nerves extending from the spinal cord to the arm, plays a vital role in controlling the arm's movements and sensations. (medicaltourism.com)
  • The brachial plexus is a collection of nerves that extends from the spinal cord and provides information about upper extremity function to and from the brain. (wustl.edu)
  • Why rely on Washington University experts to treat brachial plexus tumors or spinal nerve root tumors? (wustl.edu)
  • Washington University spinal neurosurgeons specialize in the treatment of complex brachial plexus tumors and spinal nerve root tumors. (wustl.edu)
  • This study is designed to assess the degree to which high-frequency spinal cord stimulation may help with pain after brachial plexus avulsion injury. (mayo.edu)
  • Although anatomical repair of spinal roots and other lesioned plexus components constitute the primary approach, additional strategies are necessary to enhance neuroprotection and to improve the regenerative response of severed neurons. (hindawi.com)
  • When the nerve root s in the neck region are torn away from the spinal cord, the injury is called a brachial plexus avulsion. (vin.com)
  • Most brachial plexus injuries are the classic Erb or upper type and occur at spinal nerves C5 and C6. (medscape.com)
  • Brachial plexus injury leads to weakness or a partial or complete paralysis of the involved upper limb depending on the nerves injured. (brachialplexustreatment.com)
  • Tumors in or near the brachial plexus can cause a wide range of upper extremity dysfunction such as sensory loss or motor weakness. (wustl.edu)
  • Infants, in particular, may experience brachial plexus injuries during delivery and these present with typical patterns of weakness, depending on which portion of the brachial plexus is involved. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cardinal signs of brachial plexus injury then, are weakness in the arm, diminished reflexes, and corresponding sensory deficits. (wikipedia.org)
  • For acute brachial neuritis, findings include severe supraclavicular pain, weakness, and diminished reflexes, with minor sensory abnormalities in the distribution of the brachial plexus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • in others (eg, certain cases of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) and inherited brachial plexus neuropathy [IBPN]/hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy [HNA]), proximal weakness predominates. (medscape.com)
  • Traumatic brachial plexopathies are a diverse and complex group of injuries that result in functional upper-extremity deficits ranging from weakness to complete paralysis. (medscape.com)
  • The rare Parsonage-Turner syndrome causes brachial plexus inflammation without obvious injury, but with nevertheless disabling symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
  • What are the symptoms of brachial plexus nerve damage? (choc.org)
  • Symptoms depend on where along the length of the brachial plexus the damage happens and how severe it is. (choc.org)
  • Most of the changes of gene loci can be found by whole exon gene sequencing, and the clinical symptoms and patient survival can be improved by specific site-to-site drug treatment. (frontiersin.org)
  • A Brachial Plexus injury can occur when there are complications at childbirth and these nerves are affected. (tvcc.on.ca)
  • Brachial plexus injuries occur when this nerve bundle is damaged. (ohsu.edu)
  • These injuries occur in approximately 4.2% of motor cycle accidents.1 Other less common modes of injury include automobile accidents, falls, sports injury, bicycle and pedestrian accidents, stab and gunshot wounds, inflammation ( Brachial neuritis or Parsonage Turner syndrome) and compression by tumors. (brachialplexustreatment.com)
  • Although injuries can occur at any time, many brachial plexus injuries happen during birth: the baby's shoulders may become impacted during the birth process causing the brachial plexus nerves to stretch or tear. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acute brachial neuritis (neuralgic amyotrophy, Parsonage-Turner syndrome) occurs primarily in men and typically in young adults, although it can occur at any age. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Fortunately, fewer that 10 percent of brachial plexus injuries that occur during birth cause any type of permanent damage or paralysis. (mycerebralpalsychild.org)
  • Brachial Plexus avulsion or brachial plexus injury can occur when an animal suffers an injury involving the front limbs or shoulders. (vin.com)
  • You should always contact a specialist directly for diagnosis and treatment of your specific problem, and a second opinion is always a good idea. (drnathbrachialplexus.com)
  • At the OHSU Nerve Center, you can expect a precise diagnosis so we can plan the most effective treatment. (ohsu.edu)
  • Getting an accurate and timely diagnosis helps your care team plan effective treatment. (ohsu.edu)
  • Diagnosis of a plexus disorder is suggested by clinical findings. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The investigative work continued to focus on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. (medscape.com)
  • The clinical research projects are related to diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, assessment of hand function and costs with emphasis on nerve injury and repair. (lu.se)
  • Traumatic brachial plexus injuries may arise from several causes, including sports, high-velocity motor vehicle accidents, especially in motorcyclists, but also all-terrain-vehicle (ATV) and other accidents. (wikipedia.org)
  • MRI or CT is indicated for all nontraumatic and traumatic plexopathies except typical cases of brachial neuritis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Colleagues in Orthopedic Oncology, Clinical Genomics, Neuro-Oncology and Neuroradiology work closely to provide comprehensive care and treatment of peripheral nerve tumors. (mayoclinic.org)
  • A multidisciplinary approach combining the expertise of neurologists, plastic surgeons, otolaryngologists, cardiothoracic surgeons and neurosurgeons is used to treat complex brachial plexus tumors. (wustl.edu)
  • MRI or CT of the appropriate plexus and adjacent spine is done to detect abnormalities such as tumors and hematomas. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A brachial plexus injury results from the injury to the network of the nerves and manifests as impairment of motor and sensory functions of the involved upper limb. (brachialplexustreatment.com)
  • Neuropathic pain of the upper limb ≥ 3 months following brachial plexus avulsion injury. (mayo.edu)
  • Brachial plexus injury (BPI) is a devastating injury that could result in permanent loss of function and chronic pain in the upper limb. (nerveclinic.co.uk)
  • The clinical trial aimed to evaluate the success in recovery of autonomous movement in 4 subjects (3 dogs and 1 cat) affected by avulsion of the brachial plexus using a specific physiotherapy protocol consisting in exercise, MLS Laser Therapy and diathermy. (celasers.com)
  • I work as a hand surgeon and my clinical research focuses on brachial plexus injuries. (umu.se)
  • As a leader in evidence-based medicine, Cincinnati Children's Brachial Plexus team is actively involved in both basic science and clinical research. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • The Brachial Plexus Center features active clinical research and multicenter research studies. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • A team led by some of the most experienced brachial plexus surgeons in the United States. (ohsu.edu)
  • Brachial plexus surgeons at Washington University have an extensive depth and breadth of experience with advanced microsurgical techniques. (wustl.edu)
  • Some medical professionals believe that brachial neuritis is the result of an autoimmune response from childbirth, infections, and injuries. (janiceklaw.com)
  • In this article, we delve into the world of brachial plexus injury treatment, exploring the nuances of the procedure, identifying key factors to consider when choosing a hospital and doctor, assessing potential risks and outcomes, and highlighting the paramount significance of patient experience in the decision-making process. (medicaltourism.com)
  • In an existing research project, our team is investigating the outcomes of a combinatorial treatment strategy by injection of bioengineered scaffold (PNIPAAm-PEG) secreting neurotrophins (BDNF+NT3) into the injury site and rehabilitation training using a body weight supported treadmill training (BWSTT) approach in a clinically relevant contusion SCI model. (drexel.edu)
  • The authors report the functional outcomes after functioning free muscle transfer (FFMT) for restoration of the upper-extremity movement after brachial plexus injury (BPI). (medscape.com)
  • At your child's first appointment with the Brachial Plexus Program, a pediatric plastic surgeon and an occupational therapist will provide a comprehensive examination of your child's hand and arm function and sensation, to help diagnose brachial plexus nerve damage. (choc.org)
  • Your child's needs will be evaluated thoroughly, and we'll create a personalized plan with the right treatments to help them reach their greatest potential. (geisinger.org)
  • One-on-one fun and interactive exercises and activities make your child's treatment unique to them. (geisinger.org)
  • Over the last decades, several referral centers have blossomed to treat this complex problem in a multidisciplinary approach by using standardized treatment protocols. (medscape.com)
  • This valuable tool offers detailed descriptions, facts on treatment and prognosis, and patient organization contact information for over 500 identified neurological disorders. (brainfacts.org)
  • Hospitals that prioritize patient-centered care, open communication, and personalized treatment plans foster an environment conducive to healing. (medicaltourism.com)
  • Remember, patient experience is a cornerstone of successful treatment, ensuring not only physical recovery but also emotional well-being throughout the process. (medicaltourism.com)
  • Brachial plexus injuries require quick treatment in order for the patient to make a full functional recovery (Tung, 2003). (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to timely treatment and intervention, the patient has no nerve and fiber damage. (frontiersin.org)
  • After treatment with ifosfamide, the patient developed rickets of the proximal femur. (medscape.com)
  • This can be accomplished for example by not letting the patient eat or drink for at least 2 hours prior to simulation or treatment. (cancercentrum.se)
  • A large variety of reconstructive modalities involving nerve grafting, plexus neurolysis, nerve transfers, tendon transfers, muscle releases, neurotizations, and free muscle transplantations have surfaced to treat the deficits. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment for brachial plexus injury can involve nerve repair, nerve grafting, nerve transfer, or tendon and muscle transfers depending on the location and type of injury, and the amount of time since the injury occurred. (watsi.org)
  • The Peripheral Nerve Clinic at Mayo Clinic in Arizona offers specialty care for people who've had a peripheral nerve injury or brachial plexus injury or who have a peripheral nerve tumor in the neck, arms or legs . (mayoclinic.org)
  • CHOC offers the only pediatric Brachial Plexus Program in Orange County, providing a team approach to treatment for babies and children who have damage to the brachial plexus and peripheral nerves. (choc.org)
  • Manifestations of plexus disorders include extremity pain and motor or sensory deficits that do not correspond to an isolated nerve root or peripheral nerve distribution. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Radiograph of the proximal humerus in a 2.5-year-old girl who had a peripheral neuroectodermal tumor of the right brachial plexus. (medscape.com)
  • The brachial plexus is a group of nerves on each side of the neck that branches down into the chest, shoulders, arms and hands. (choc.org)
  • Physical and occupational medicine and rehabilitation specialists can help you recover function after treatment. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Your team may include neurologists, neurosurgeons, endovascular neurosurgeons, interventional radiologists, neuropathologists and rehabilitation therapists each specializing in your condition and treatment options. (upstate.edu)
  • Srey Srors received treatment at Kien Khleang National Rehabilitation Centre in Cambodia. (watsi.org)
  • Corticosteroids, although commonly prescribed, have no proven benefit in plexus disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Brachial plexus injuries usually involve more than one nerve. (vin.com)
  • The transducer is moved in the proximal-distal direction until two or more of the brachial plexus elements are seen in the space between the scalene muscles. (nysora.com)
  • Some brachial plexus injuries may heal without treatment. (brainfacts.org)
  • Our expertise also includes sophisticated treatments for complex trauma and injuries that did not heal as expected. (jdch.com)
  • When procedures are necessary, we provide safe, precise treatments that significantly improve spine health. (jdch.com)
  • Learn more about pediatric spine care and treatment. (jdch.com)