TransmembraneSodiumAnionStabilizeAntiportersAmino acidMembrane transportersProtonProteinIonsPermeabilityCell membraneExtracellularLeakPhosphateUnusualAffinityMolecularChannelsConcentrationFamilyResultsMainProcessAntiporterPutativeSymporterDivalentGenomeSuperfamilyMediatesSaccharomycesYeastGeneMembrane transporRevealsTransportClassificationMechanismPrimaryExchangeSugarAnalysis
Transmembrane1
- In the compound, V is a vitamin that is a substrate for receptor-mediated transmembrane transport in vivo, or a vitamin receptor binding derivative or analog thereof, L is a divalent linker, R is a side chain of an amino acid, M is a cation of a radionuclide, n is 1 or 0, K is 1 or 0, and the compound can be in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor. (patsnap.com)
Sodium3
- This gene encodes a dopamine transporter which is a member of the sodium- and chloride-dependent neurotransmitter transporter family. (illumina.com)
- FUNCTION: Cation channel with high affinity for sodium, which is gated by extracellular protons and inhibited by the diuretic amiloride. (osenses.com)
- Activity of opioid receptor (OR) is among others modulates by monovalent cations especially by sodium (Na+) and lithium (Li+) which atomic radius is very similar to those of sodium. (cas.cz)
Anion3
- Specific point mutations in human anion exchanger 1 (AE1) convert this electroneutral anion exchanger into a monovalent cation conductance. (tcdb.org)
- In water solutions, this substance is present as a monovalent anion, ascorbate- (Asc-), which easily donates electrons to oxidized molecules and scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS). (deepdyve.com)
- [ 3 ] At low temperatures, the defective anion channel appears to allow a significant cation leak, and autohemolysis may be seen in vitro at 4ºC. (medscape.com)
Stabilize1
Antiporters2
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA Multiple resistance and pH adaptation (Mrp) antiporters are widely distributed in various prokaryotes and have been reported to function as a hetero-oligomeric monovalent cation/proton antiporter, which exchanges a cytoplasmic monovalent cation (Na+, Li+, and/or K+) with extracellular H+. (mirnamimic.com)
- Here, we report that the Mrp antiporter click here from the thermophilic gram-negative bacterium, Thermomicrobium roseum, does not catalyze monovalent cation/proton antiport like the Mrp antiporters studied to date, but catalyzes Ca2+/H+ antiport in Escherichia coli membrane vesicles. (mirnamimic.com)
Amino acid2
- System y + L is a broad-scope amino acid transporter which binds and translocates cationic and neutral amino acids. (uandes.cl)
- Ontogenetic development of monosaccharide and amino acid transporters in rabbit intestine. (academictree.org)
Membrane transporters1
- In a collaborative effort with Joanna Sułkowska's group [https://jsulkowska.cent.uw.edu.pl/ ], we identified a slipknot motif in a family of two-domain membrane transporters, which enabled us to direct investigation of its evolution. (edu.pl)
Proton1
- The Monovalent Cation:Proton Antiporter-2 (CPA2) Family (TC# 2.A.37) is a moderately large family of transporters belonging to the CPA superfamily. (wikipedia.org)
Protein2
- Each protein interacts with a second protein encoded by genes that overlap the gene encoding the primary transporter. (wikipedia.org)
- AE1 and NBCe1), and (iii) may provide sites for regulation of transporter function via protein kinase A phosphorylation (e.g. (tcdb.org)
Ions6
- Monovalent ions are involved in a vast array of cellular processes. (researchgate.net)
- 2016. A set of examples is presented in Figure 1 to show how changes in a single channel or transporter species (one permeability coefficient or rate constant) can alter the intracellular concentrations of all major ions, cell water content and the MP. (researchgate.net)
- Recently, we have developed software that allows, using a minimum of required experimental data, to find the characteristics of ion homeostasis and a list of all unidirectional fluxes of monovalent ions through the main pathways in the cell membrane both in a balanced state and during the transient processes. (researchgate.net)
- By transporting Na + and K + ions across the cell membrane, red cells can adjust the intracellular concentration of these cations and regulate intracellular hydration. (medscape.com)
- effect of monovalent ions on δ-opioid receptors - analysis of lithium effect in living cells and isolated cell membranes. (cas.cz)
- Monovalent ions modulate GPCR signalling in not fully understood mechanism. (cas.cz)
Permeability3
- Abnormalities of red cell membrane cation permeability are seen in several hereditary disorders. (medscape.com)
- Any disturbances in membrane cation permeability alter cellular hydration and can cause numerous effects, including hemolysis. (medscape.com)
- In contrast, the primary abnormality in dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis is a change in the relative membrane permeability to K + . Efflux of K + is increased 2-fold to 4-fold and results in cation depletion, with decreased intracellular osmolality and water loss. (medscape.com)
Cell membrane1
- Their movement across the cell membrane is regulated by numerous channels and transporters. (researchgate.net)
Extracellular1
- elevation, while cation channel blockers, free radical scavengers, low extracellular [Ca2+], transition metal chelators, and removal of the cell wall inhibit this reaction. (deepdyve.com)
Leak1
- With HypoPP hyperpolarization-activated cation leak counteracting K + -rectifying current, mutations cause outermost arginine or lysine substitution. (medscape.com)
Phosphate1
- 10TM putative phosphate transporter, cytosolic domain [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
Unusual1
- His simulations showed that the water-filled vestibular cavity at the intracellular entrance of the KcsA channel achieved its selectivity for monovalent cations from an unusual and unexpected balance of the electrostatic reaction field (Roux and MacKinnon, 1999). (biophysicalsociety.ca)
Affinity1
- Na + replacement with K + does not affect lysine transport, but markedly decreases the affinity of the transporter for L-leucine and L-glutamine. (uandes.cl)
Molecular1
- The molecular defects that transform AE1 into a cation channel are currently under investigation. (medscape.com)
Channels1
- Transcriptomic uniqueness and commonality of the ion channels and transporters in the four heart chambers. (nih.gov)
Concentration1
- Energy-dependent ion transporters maintain concentration gradients. (medscape.com)
Family1
- The identification of these proteins as members of the CPA2 family reveals that monovalent cation transport is required for Bacillus spore formation and germination. (wikipedia.org)
Results1
- At the other end of the spectrum, net loss of cations and water results in dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHSt), also called xerocytosis. (medscape.com)
Main2
- They culminated in his prediction of the five main cation binding sites along the selectivity filter of the KcsA potassium channel (Berneche and Roux, 2001) that were then observed independently and experimentally in high resolution crystallographic structures (Zhou et al, 2001). (biophysicalsociety.ca)
- A composition for forming an EUV resist overlayer film used in an EUV lithography process including a resin containing a naphthalene ring in a main chain or in a side chain and a solvent, in which the resin may include a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, a sulfo group, or a monovalent organic group having at least one of these groups as a hydrophilic group. (patsnap.com)
Process1
- Ehrlich BE , Diamond JM , Fry V, Meier K. Lithium's inhibition of erythrocyte cation countertransport involves a slow process in the erythrocyte. (academictree.org)
Antiporter2
- The Monovalent Cation:Proton Antiporter-2 (CPA2) Family (TC# 2.A.37) is a moderately large family of transporters belonging to the CPA superfamily. (wikipedia.org)
- This gene encodes a member of the monovalent cation:proton antiporter 2 (CPA2) family of transporter proteins. (nih.gov)
Putative1
- Here, using the latest release of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum , genome we provide an updated gene annotation and expression profile of putative sugar transporters. (biomedcentral.com)
Symporter1
- In the neurotransmitter:sodium symporter (NSS) family, Na + stabilizes the transporter in an outward-open state, thus decreasing the likelihood of uncoupled Na + transport. (nih.gov)
Divalent2
- The ubiquitous mammalian ZIP8 divalent cation transporter (encoded by the SLC39A8 gene) is bicarbonate-dependent, moving endogenous substrates (Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ or Co2+) and nonessential metals such as Cd2+ into the cell. (nih.gov)
- [ 9 ] Serotonin exerts its effects via multiple serotonergic receptors, one of which, the 5-HT 3 receptor, gates an ion channel permeable to monovalent and divalent cations. (medscape.com)
Genome1
- In this study, using a de novo approach, we identified 19 sugar porter (SP) family transporters in the A. pisum genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Superfamily1
- In this study, we address this knowledge gap by testing our prediction that A. pisum uses facilitative transporters belonging to the major facilitator superfamily for hexose sugar transport. (biomedcentral.com)
Mediates1
- Zinc- and bicarbonate-dependent ZIP8 transporter mediates selenite uptake. (nih.gov)
Saccharomyces1
- When expressed in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae hexose transporter deletion mutant (strain EBY.VW4000), only ApST3 (previously characterized) and ApST4 (reported here) transport glucose and fructose resulting in functional rescue of the yeast mutant. (biomedcentral.com)
Yeast1
- Finally, gut expressed sugar transporters are functionally expressed in yeast and screened for glucose and fructose transport activity. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene3
- Each protein interacts with a second protein encoded by genes that overlap the gene encoding the primary transporter. (wikipedia.org)
- Gene expression analysis, based on 214, 834 A. pisum expressed sequence tags, supports 17 sugar porter family transporters being actively expressed in adult female aphids. (biomedcentral.com)
- Human sugar porter family transporters (gene symbol SLC2A, protein symbol GLUT) contain 14 members, which are grouped according to their sequence similarity (GLUTs Class I - III). (biomedcentral.com)
Membrane transpor1
- The Transporter Classification Database (or TCDB ) is an International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB)-approved classification system for membrane transport proteins , including ion channels . (wikipedia.org)
Reveals2
- The identification of these proteins as members of the CPA2 family reveals that monovalent cation transport is required for Bacillus spore formation and germination. (wikipedia.org)
- Finally, phylogenetic reconstruction reveals that ApST4, and related, as yet uncharacterized insect transporters are phylogenetically closely related to human GLUT (SLC2A) class I facilitative glucose/fructose transporters. (biomedcentral.com)
Transport2
- The gut enhanced expression of ApST4 , and the transport specificity of its product is consistent with ApST4 functioning as a gut glucose/fructose transporter. (biomedcentral.com)
- Transporters having three different ions in their transport complex are not without precedent. (nih.gov)
Classification1
- Within the MFS, sugars are transported by sugar porter family transporters [transporter classification number (T.C #) 2.A.1.1]. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanism2
- In that case, such 'antiporters' (as we now call them) were considered to be essential if mitochondria were to express a membrane potential, negative inside the organelle, for over the long term cytosolic Na + and K + would inevitably accumulate, driven inwards by the electrical potential and, unless some mechanism were available for cation extrusion, swelling and lysis would be just as inevitable. (biologists.com)
- Monovalent ions modulate GPCR signalling in not fully understood mechanism. (cas.cz)
Primary1
- Glutamate transporters can be subdivided into two primary subclasses: the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) and the vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs). (sysy.com)
Exchange3
- Subsequent to Ussing's work, cation exchange systems continued to be of theoretical interest. (biologists.com)
- It was to avoid such an osmotic crisis that Mitchell proposed a series of cation exchange reactions to enable the net extrusion of, say, Na + or K + , in exchange for protons. (biologists.com)
- carry forward from these early ideas and document that the experimental study of cation exchange is alive and well, and that microbial systems present especially sophisticated examples for study. (biologists.com)
Sugar1
- Further analysis, using quantitative PCR identifies 4 transporters, A. pisum sugar transporter 1, 3, 4 and 9 ( ApST1 , ApST3 , ApST4 and ApST9 ) as highly expressed and/or enriched in gut tissue. (biomedcentral.com)