Transport proteins membrane proteins carrier proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

There are 53 discovered human mitochondrial membrane transporters, with many others that are known to still need discovered. (wikipedia.org)
Solute carriers (SLC) are proteins that act as transporters and enable the entry and exit of nutrients and waste products into and from the cell and its organelles. (prohealth.com)
ABC transporters are membrane proteins that transport various substances from one side of the cell membrane to the other. (nanowerk.com)
Although previous researches report that membrane proteins play key roles in the transportations of electron carrier, no earlier work investigates the transportability of membrane transporters. (go.jp)
In this research, we present a high-speed osmotic shock system by utilizing a micro vortex to evaluate dynamic responses of membrane transporters in microalgae. (go.jp)
Transporters on the plasma membrane of tumor cells are promising molecular "Trojan horses" to deliver drugs and imaging agents into cancer cells. (aspetjournals.org)
Norepinephrine transporter, organic cation transporters, and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins play differential roles in tumor targeting, systemic elimination, and accumulation in normal tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of membrane proteins represents the largest family of secondary transporters with members from Archaea to Homo sapiens. (embl.de)

Thirdly, enzyme proteins are crucial in producing a variety of substances essential for cell function. (bionity.com)
These enzymes are found throughout the cell membrane and allow the cell to synthesise and break down substances according the cell's requirements. (bionity.com)
Membrane enzymes produce a variety of substances essential for cell function. (phys.org)
Cell membranes are selectively permeable , regulating which substances can pass through, as well as how much of each substance can enter or exit at a given time. (khanacademy.org)
A property of a plasma membrane that allows some substances to cross more easily than others. (cheatography.com)
So-called solute carriers (SLC), proteins that can transport such substances across the boundaries of cellular membranes, play a central role in metabolism. (prohealth.com)
Although the architecture of the nanomachines is known, a detailed understanding of how the splitting of the energy carrier ATP dynamically enables the transport of various substances across biological membranes has so far been lacking. (nanowerk.com)
Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes. (reference.md)

The simplest forms of transport across a membrane are passive. (khanacademy.org)
Passive transport does not require the cell to expend any energy and involves a substance diffusing down its concentration gradient across a membrane. (khanacademy.org)
Here, we'll look in more detail at membrane permeability and different modes of passive transport. (khanacademy.org)
The transport may be active transport by carrier proteins with an energy source, or it may be facilitated diffusion or passive transport via channels. (wikibooks.org)
When ΔG is positive the transport is active, an input of energy is needed to move a molecule up a concentration gradient, contrary to ΔG being negative the transport is passive, which means that such molecules will pass through a membrane down their own gradient, simple diffusion. (wikibooks.org)
Passive transport is the moving of biochemicals across membranes of cells without the use of chemical energy. (wikibooks.org)
Mechanisms for moving chemicals through the cell membrane include: passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and endocytosis. (visionlearning.com)
One of the mechanisms for moving chemicals through the cell membrane is passive diffusion . (visionlearning.com)
Passive transport at high concentrations and receptor-mediated transport systems have also been reported. (medscape.com)

They serve to transport molecules and other factors, such as ions, into or out of the organelles. (wikipedia.org)
The outer membrane is porous, whereas the inner membrane restricts the movement of all molecules. (wikipedia.org)
In cells, some molecules can move down their concentration gradients by crossing the lipid portion of the membrane directly, while others must pass through membrane proteins in a process called facilitated diffusion. (khanacademy.org)
Polar and charged molecules have much more trouble crossing the membrane. (khanacademy.org)
Polar molecules can easily interact with the outer face of the membrane, where the negatively charged head groups are found, but they have difficulty passing through its hydrophobic core. (khanacademy.org)
Water molecules, for instance, cannot cross the membrane rapidly (although thanks to their small size and lack of a full charge, they can cross at a slow rate). (khanacademy.org)
Larger charged and polar molecules, like sugars and amino acids, also need help from proteins to efficiently cross the membrane. (khanacademy.org)
While the entire Slc gene family is typically involved with the uptake of small molecules into cells, there are 52 sub-families reported and the specificity of what each protein can transport varies widely, even within sub-families. (prohealth.com)
There exists an exchange of molecules and ions in and out of the cell wall, as well as in and out of membrane-bounded intracellular compartments such as the nucleus, ER, and mitrochondria. (wikibooks.org)
The lipid bilayer of cell membranes is impermeable to large and polar molecules but permeable to water molecules and other small uncharged molecules like O 2 and CO 2 . (wikibooks.org)
To solve this problem, the cell membrane contains proteins that are selective for unique, water soluble molecules. (wikibooks.org)
Understanding free energy is the heart of understanding how molecules are transported and/or behave in a concentration gradient. (wikibooks.org)
Diffusion is the process by which molecules migrate over the cell membrane from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. (wikibooks.org)
Simultaneously, the method also records changes in the molecules the protein interacts with - in this case ATP. (nanowerk.com)
COPI vesicles transport molecules between different parts of the Golgi body and from the Golgi back to the rough ER. (jove.com)
Cell membranes are biologic barriers that selectively inhibit passage of drug molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Sometimes various globular proteins embedded in the matrix function as receptors and help transport molecules across the membrane. (msdmanuals.com)
Small molecules tend to penetrate membranes more rapidly than larger ones. (msdmanuals.com)

Channel proteins often have hydrophilic pores that allow the diffusion of other ions. (bionity.com)
Covers selective permeability of membranes, diffusion, and facilitated diffusion (including channels and carrier proteins). (khanacademy.org)
This means that ions like sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride cannot cross membranes to any significant degree by simple diffusion, and must instead be transported by specialized proteins (which we'll discuss later). (khanacademy.org)
Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane. (wikibooks.org)
Both facilitated diffusion and active transport require specialised membrane proteins, which are highly selective about their substrates. (byjus.com)
Simple diffusion does not require a protein carrier, and so does not involve any of the other given characteristics. (byjus.com)

The receptor proteins Tom70 and Tom20 recognize incoming precursor proteins, in which Tom70 is responsible for docking of precursors of hydrophobic proteins accompanied by cytosolic chaperones and Tom 20 recognizes precursor proteins of the presequence pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Another example of proteins in the cell membrane is receptor proteins. (bionity.com)
Membrane receptor proteins serve as connection between the cell's internal and external environments. (phys.org)

The import pathways of α-helical membrane anchors or signal-anchored proteins are carried out mainly by outer membrane proteins. (wikipedia.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
They function as carriers to the cell surface in post-golgi recycling pathways. (origene.com)
These findings suggest that the SCAMPs may function at the same site during vesicular transport rather than in separate pathways. (origene.com)
2013) Comparative physiology and architecture associated with the mammalian urine concentrating mechanism: role of inner medullary water and urea transport pathways in the rodent medulla. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Continuous protein pathways are composed of carrier proteins , channels and pumps . (wikibooks.org)
Such dependant enzymes include those of the citric acid cycle, the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and several other pathways in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. (medscape.com)

The SLC25A19 gene provides instructions for producing a protein that is a member of the solute carrier (SLC) family of proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
This gene product belongs to the SCAMP family of proteins which are secretory carrier membrane proteins. (origene.com)
NAD+ is also involved with regulating the family of proteins called sirtuins , which play a central role in longevity and the aging process. (prohealth.com)

VDAC (voltage-dependent anion ion channel) is important for the exchange of small hydrophilic ions and metabolites with the cytosol, which is driven by the gradient concentration across the outer membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Finally, transport proteins play an important role in the maintenance of concentrations of ions and such like. (bionity.com)
Each of our cells is surrounded by a complex membrane that functions as a biological border, letting ions and nutrients such as salt, potassium and sugar in and out. (phys.org)
Additionally, while small ions are the right size to slip through the membrane, their charge prevents them from doing so. (khanacademy.org)
Similarly, hydrogen ions in the matrix space can only pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane through a membrane protein called ATP synthase. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
Chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane bound structure, down their electrochemical gradient. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
An example of this would be the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the movement of hydrogen ions (H+) across a membrane during cellular respiration or photosynthesis. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
In biology, chemiosmosis refers to the process of moving ions (e.g. protons) to the other side of the membrane resulting in the generation of an electrochemical gradient that can be used to drive ATP synthesis. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
A chemiosmotic gradient causes hydrogen ions to flow back across the mitochondrial membrane into the matrix, through ATP synthase, producing ATP. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
Hydrogen ions, or protons, will diffuse from an area of high proton concentration to an area of lower proton concentration, and an electrochemical concentration gradient of protons across a membrane can be harnessed to make ATP. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
How are hydrogen ions transported through the mitochondrial membrane? (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
During chemiosmosis, the free energy from the series of reactions that make up the electron transport chain is used to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane, establishing an electrochemical gradient. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
[ 4 ] Protein hZIP4 transports zinc ions from the cell exterior or lumen of intracellular organelles into the cytoplasm, where it is available to other newly synthesized proteins. (medscape.com)

Since 1972 the 'Fluid Mosaic Model' has been used to describe the structure of the cell membrane. (bionity.com)
Proteins themselves play an important role in the membrane to ensure the cell can live as efficiently and effectively as possible. (bionity.com)
Firstly, structural proteins are found attached to microfilaments in the cytoskeleton which ensures stability of the cell. (bionity.com)
Secondly, cell recognition proteins allow cells to recognise each other as from the same organism. (bionity.com)
Receptor cells extend right across the cell membrane and have active sites specific to an antigen or substrate. (bionity.com)
It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Protein_Function_in_Cell_Membranes" . (bionity.com)
A membrane protein is a protein molecule that is attached to, or associated with the membrane of a cell or an organelle. (phys.org)
Cell recognition proteins allow cells to identify each other and interact. (phys.org)
This kinase is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. (cancerindex.org)
Proteins in the SLC family transport various compounds across the membranes surrounding the cell and its component parts. (medlineplus.gov)
In many ways, airport security is a lot like the plasma membrane of a cell. (khanacademy.org)
What is cell transport? (cheatography.com)
Full length human recombinant protein of human SCAMP2(NP_005688) produced in HEK293T cell. (origene.com)
The electrons cause conformation changes in the shapes of the proteins to pump H+ across a selectively permeable cell membrane. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
This protein uses a sodium ion to transport NMN across cell membranes to be converted directly into NAD+, rather than using NR as an intermediary first. (prohealth.com)
Coated vesicles are transport vesicles that bud off from specialized regions of the cell membrane. (jove.com)
Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. (jove.com)
It is used to form cell membranes, hormones and so on. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
Did you know that most chemicals we come into contact with-including the food we eat-must pass through a complex system of cell membranes before they can enter the bloodstream? (visionlearning.com)
Chemicals can enter the human body by several methods, but most must pass through living cell membranes before entering the bloodstream. (visionlearning.com)
The cell membrane consists mainly of phospholipids and proteins in the form of a lipid bilayer. (visionlearning.com)
Except for injection directly into the bloodstream, the chemical must pass through a complex system of living cell membranes before it can enter the bloodstream. (visionlearning.com)
As chemicals pass into and out of cells , they must cross the cell membrane (Figure 1). (visionlearning.com)
It is the membrane that keeps all of the cell contents securely inside, but which allows some materials to pass in and out of the cell via several different mechanisms. (visionlearning.com)
The two lipid layers face each other inside the membrane, and the more water soluble parts of the phospholipid molecule (phosphate groups) face the aqueous media inside the cell (cytoplasm) as well as outside the cell (intercellular fluid). (visionlearning.com)
The Cell Membrane. (visionlearning.com)
Plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) is an electron transport chain system ubiquitously present throughout all cell types. (hindawi.com)
Plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) is an electron transport chain system ubiquitously present in all cell types that transfers electrons from intracellular substrates to extracellular acceptors maintaining redox homeostasis for a successful cell physiology [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Proposed functions of PMRS include maintenance of redox state in proteins, stimulation of cell growth, reduction of lipid hydroperoxides, recycling of α -tocopherol, reduction of ferric ion prior to iron uptake by a transferring-independent pathway, and the maintenance of the extracellular concentration of ascorbic acid [ 2 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
GSH is a hydrophilic antioxidant with nucleophilic thiol group and has been reported to participate in regulation of gene expression, protein synthesis, cell proliferation, signal transduction, cytokine production, apoptosis, immune response, and protein glutathionylation [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Zinc stabilizes cell membranes by reducing free radicals and preventing lipid peroxidation. (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] This protein controls zinc uptake across the plasma membrane of various cell types, including the intestine. (medscape.com)
To overcome the α-adrenergic receptor blockade, new α-receptor protein must be synthesized in the inhibited receptor internalized by the cell and degraded. (pharmacology2000.com)
Each tight-junction strand within a plasma membrane associates laterally with another tight-junction strand in the apposed membrane of an adjacent cell to form a paired tight-junction strand, obliterating the intercellular space (kissing point). (pharmacology2000.com)
Consuming protein daily boosts health by providing amino acids that are major, structural components of every cell in the body. (amway.ca)
Entry of the vitamin into cells is mainly facilitated by carrier-mediated transport through a specific riboflavin-binding protein on cell membranes. (medscape.com)
Unless given IV, a drug must cross several semipermeable cell membranes before it reaches the systemic circulation. (msdmanuals.com)
Drugs diffuse across a cell membrane from a region of high concentration (eg, gastrointestinal fluids) to one of low concentration (eg, blood). (msdmanuals.com)
Because the cell membrane is lipoid, lipid-soluble drugs diffuse most rapidly. (msdmanuals.com)
The un-ionized form is usually lipid soluble (lipophilic) and diffuses readily across cell membranes. (msdmanuals.com)
The ionized form has low lipid solubility (but high water solubility-ie, hydrophilic) and high electrical resistance and thus cannot penetrate cell membranes easily. (msdmanuals.com)

These mitochondrial responses are governed by general principles of regulatory biology exemplified by changes in gene expression, protein translation, protein complex formation, transmembrane transport, enzymatic activities and metabolite levels. (nature.com)

Using time-resolved infrared spectroscopy, they measured the structural changes in the bacterial membrane protein MsbA and its interaction partner ATP. (nanowerk.com)
The COPI and COPII coat proteins share similar structural features with Clathrin but differ in cargo sorting and vesicle formation mechanisms. (jove.com)
Structural components of biological membranes. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
The structural relationship of the proteins and phospholipids in the membrane was determined by two scientists, S.J. Singer and G. Nicolson, and is termed a "fluid mosaic model . (visionlearning.com)

The CFTR protein forms an ion channel that transports chloride and bicarbonate at the apical membrane of epithelial cells. (pulsetoday.co.uk)

The availability of free energy is one of the factors that determine if a molecule will move across a membrane, the other being the permeability of the molecule in the lipid bilayer. (wikibooks.org)
The membranes are composed primarily of a bimolecular lipid matrix, which determines membrane permeability characteristics. (msdmanuals.com)

This model consists of a phospholipids bi-layer and a variety of proteins spread throughout the membrane surface. (bionity.com)
A bilayered membrane consisting of phospholipids arranged in two layers, with their heads pointing out and their tails sandwiched in the middle, is also shown. (khanacademy.org)

2015) Urea transporter proteins as targets for small-molecule diuretics. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Nanowerk News ) How a transport protein obtains its driving force from the energy storage molecule ATP, has been tracked dynamically by RUB researchers. (nanowerk.com)

VDAC plays a crucial role in facilitating energy metabolism by transporting ADP and ATP in and out of the outer membrane. (wikipedia.org)
In January 2019, a study published in Nature Metabolism proved the theory of an NMN transporter: a protein encoded by the gene Slc12a8. (prohealth.com)

What is the most important feature of the cell's phosph-olipid membrane? (cheatography.com)

Tom40 is the protein-conducting channel of the complex with beta-barrel structure, which forms a cation-selective channel. (wikipedia.org)

Proteins in lipid membranes are one of the fundamental building blocks of biological functionality. (phys.org)
Biological membranes consist of a phospholipid bilayer and a variety of proteins that accomplish vital biological functions. (phys.org)
Osmosis is very important in biological systems because many membranes are semipermeable. (wikibooks.org)
Weak acid at acid pH: more lipid-soluble, becauses it is uncharged--the uncharged form more readily passes through biological membranes. (pharmacology2000.com)

The Slc gene, which stands for 'solute carriers', is a super-family of over 395 membrane transport proteins, whose roles range from nutrient transport to drug delivery. (prohealth.com)

Tom40 has a large pore diameter of 22Å that can allow the accommodation of partially folded protein structure The inner wall of Tom40 has a charged region that allows interaction with hydrophilic precursor proteins while the hydrophobic precursor of ADP/ATP carrier can be crosslinked with the hydrophobic region of Tom40. (wikipedia.org)

The outer membrane mitochondrial proteins carry out functions for mitochondrial biogenesis and integration between mitochondria and the cellular system. (wikipedia.org)
These changes can promote mitochondrial biogenesis and membrane dynamics that in turn support mitochondrial respiration. (nature.com)

toxic and irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. (theodora.com)

These are spherical particles which have an exterior composed mainly of water-soluble proteins. (home-remedies-for-you.com)

Many of these transporter proteins are still relatively poorly studied and the question of how some nutrients enter and leave cells often remains unanswered. (prohealth.com)

Nutrilite Organics Plant Protein is designed as a great tasting, stand-alone beverage or smoothie base that supports your health by providing 21 g of protein and the essential amino acids your body needs. (amway.ca)

Based on the type of protein coats, these vesicles can be of three types: coat protein or COP-coated vesicles, COPI and COPII, and clathrin-coated vesicles. (jove.com)
COPII vesicles are formed in the ER membranes and mediate transport from ER to the Golgi. (jove.com)
COPI and COPII vesicles are composed of similar coat protein complexes called coatomers. (jove.com)
Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50-100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. (jove.com)
The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. (jove.com)

The removal of protons from the matrix and deposition of protons in the intermembrane space creates a concentration difference of protons across the inner membrane. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)

The hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane helps some materials move through the membrane, while it blocks the movement of others. (khanacademy.org)
After muscle injury, massive plasma myoglobin levels exceed protein binding (of haptoglobin) and can precipitate in glomerular filtrate. (medscape.com)
Cholesterol is transported in the blood plasma of all animals as it is insoluble in blood. (home-remedies-for-you.com)
Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (childrensmercy.org)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins" by people in this website by year, and whether "Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (childrensmercy.org)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins" by people in Profiles. (childrensmercy.org)
Sodium chloride-dependent neurotransmitter symporters located primarily on the PLASMA MEMBRANE of serotonergic neurons. (musc.edu)

Specific coat proteins cover their cytosolic surface. (jove.com)

Mitochondria contain both an inner and outer membrane, separated by the inter-membrane space, or inner boundary membrane. (wikipedia.org)
The outer mitochondrial membrane forms the border of mitochondria towards the cellular environment. (wikipedia.org)
The outer membrane consists of two types of integral proteins, including proteins with transmembrane β-barrel and proteins with one or more α-helical membrane anchors. (wikipedia.org)
The SAM Complex is essential for sorting and assembling beta-barrel proteins from the intermembrane space side into the outer membrane. (wikipedia.org)
The β-barrel of Sam50 is the functional domain that inserts and folds substrate proteins into the outer membrane. (wikipedia.org)
VDAC is the most abundant protein in the outer membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers have developed models of bacterial outer membranes that can help develop better antibiotics to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. (phys.org)

Chemiosmosis: In oxidative phosphorylation, the hydrogen ion gradient formed by the electron transport chain is used by ATP synthase to form ATP. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
During chemiosmosis, electron carriers like NADH and FADH donate electrons to the electron transport chain. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
The proton gradient produced by proton pumping during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
The hydrogen ion gradient created by the electron transport chain is utilized by ATP synthase to create ATP from ADP and Pi. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)

Curcumin, isolated from Curcuma longa, has modulatory effects on cellular physiology due to its membrane interaction ability and antioxidant potential. (hindawi.com)
Curcumin modulates cellular activity through interacting with membrane-bound proteins and modulating signaling cascade activity by altering the fluidity of the membrane bilayer [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)

Sorting nexins (SNXs) are phox homology (PX) domain-containing proteins thought to regulate endosomal sorting of internalized receptors. (nih.gov)

Nucleobase, Nucleoside, Nucleotide, and Nucleic Acid Transport Proteins" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
Organic Anion Transport Protein 1" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ucdenver.edu)
The new rules were established with the coordinated efforts of staff from MeSH, NCBI and scientists working in the field of HMG protein research. (bvsalud.org)

A family of sodium chloride-dependent neurotransmitter symporters that transport the amino acid GLYCINE. (childrensmercy.org)

The mitochondrial hydrogen ion gradient is generated as electrons pass through three membrane complexes. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)

Together our data identified promising targets to be genetically engineered to modulate seed storage protein accumulation that have a growing role in health and nutritional issues. (nature.com)

Thus, endomembrane-modifying proteins within the endomembrane system will have an influence on the final grain quality/yield and recombinant protein production. (nature.com)

Based on proteome annotation and a homology search, 94 proteins associated with the endomembrane system were identified that exhibited significant changes in abundance during grain development. (nature.com)

Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP. (roadlesstraveledstore.com)
Water will move from an area with a higher concentration of water to the other side of the membrane with a lower concentration of water. (wikibooks.org)

notably, integration of proteomics data with in situ subcellular microscopic analyses showed a high abundance of cytoskeleton proteins associated with acidified PBs at the early development stages. (nature.com)

MFS is subgrouped into 74 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis, postulated substrate specificity and expected transport mode (Madej M.G, Advances in Biology, Hindawi, Volume 2014, Article ID 523591:1-20). (embl.de)

These proteins are the connection between the cells internal and external environments. (bionity.com)
Now that Slc12a8 has been linked to its involvement in transporting NMN into cells for fuel, researchers are looking into what else the gene and its encoded protein may be associated with. (prohealth.com)
Chemicals must pass through the membrane to enter or exit cells. (visionlearning.com)
Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing mIBG transport in cancer and normal cells is a critical step for developing strategies to optimize the efficacy of 131 I-mIBG while minimizing toxicity in normal tissues. (aspetjournals.org)

In particular, human organic cation transporter 2 (hOCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins 1 and 2-K (hMATE1/2-K) likely mediate renal secretion of mIBG, whereas hOCT1 and hOCT3 may contribute to mIBG uptake into normal tissues such as the liver, salivary glands, and heart. (aspetjournals.org)

A hydrophobic amino acid content of 60-70% of most MFS members, high alfa-helix content and an inherent symmetry of the proteins with regard to helix kinks and bends provides nonspecific overlapping of residues and probably accounts for the reported similarities. (embl.de)

Anatomy31

Organisms10

Chemicals and Drugs124

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes59

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science4

Health Care3

Transporters8

Substances8

Passive9

Molecules18

Diffusion6

Receptor proteins3

Pathways7

Family of proteins3

Ions13

Cell41

Transmembrane transport1

Structural4

Apical membrane1

Permeability2

Phospholipids2

Molecule2

Metabolism2

Cell's1

Selective1

Biological4

Solute carriers1

Hydrophilic1

Mitochondrial biogenesis2

Mucous1

Water soluble1

Transporter proteins1

Amino Acids1

Vesicles5

Inner membrane1

Plasma7

Cytosolic1

Outer7

Electron trans4

Cellular2

Receptors1

MeSH3

Chloride1

Complexes1

Genetically1

Recombinant protein1

Homology1

Concentration2

Cytoskeleton1

Substrate1

Cells4

Uptake1

Hydrophobic1