Transplantation antigen molecules mice after antigen. Medical search. Frequent questions

Additional treatments such as Chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy are being used and further studied. (wikipedia.org)
Thus the T-cell receptor recognizes the viral antigen in the context of a class I molecule. (arizona.edu)
To study the interaction between the T-cell receptor and the class I restricting element, we have used the mouse L-cell transformant 8-5 which expresses L d molecules 7 and the K7-65 transformant expressing K molecules (R.S.G. et al. (arizona.edu)
In 2009, we had a seminal moment when you published a manuscript in The New England Journal of Medicine describing PLA2R, phospholipase A2 receptor, as the antigen that was responsible for a majority of the cases of MN. (medscape.com)
The binding interfaces between antigen receptor molecules and their ligands are generally large (over 1,500 Å 2 ) and 10-30 side chains from each side make close contact. (gtp-bioways.com)
Using HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice, we have demonstrated the feasibility of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer into T cells to circumvent self-tolerance to the widely expressed human p53 and MDM2 TAAs. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells can restore the activity of exhausted T cell through reprogramming and is widely used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory (r/r) hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
The most active T cell endogenous inhibitory pathway is the immunoglobulin superfamily such as CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4): B7-1/B7-2 receptor/ligand grouping, which plays a central role in coordinating immune responses [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cluster of Differentiation 79 (CD79) is a transmembrane protein found exclusively in B cells that is the transducer component of B-cell receptor (BCR), generating a signal following recognition of antigen by the BCR. (nationaljewish.org)
Dr. Cambier and his laboratory discovered that in certain circumstances, subunits of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) become dissociated rendering the receptor incompetent to transduce activating signals. (nationaljewish.org)
B cell antigen receptor desensitization: disruption of receptor coupling to tyrosine kinase activation. (nationaljewish.org)
Antigen-stimulated dissociation of BCR mIg from Ig-alpha/Ig-beta: implications for receptor desensitization. (nationaljewish.org)
T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) involves the cytoplasmic tails of the CD3 subunits CD3 gamma, CD3 delta, CD3 epsilon and CD3 zeta. (exbio.cz)
Currently many stem or progenitor cell therapies including T cell receptor (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) focusing on epitopes indicated on malignant cells are under development for medical translation (17C20). (bioskinrevive.com)

Transplantation antigens serve as targets for T-cell killing in allogeneic immune responses such as in vivo graft rejection 3 and destruction of allogeneic cells by cytotoxic T cells in vitro 4 . (arizona.edu)
Virus infection of mice generates killer T cells whose receptors must interact with the foreign viral antigen and a class I molecule or restricting element for the cytotoxic effector function to be activated 5,6 . (arizona.edu)
Recently, we have demonstrated that both L d (ref. 8) and K d molecules (unpublished data) expressed on transformed L cells can act as target antigens for alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (arizona.edu)
Vaccination with tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells elicits antigen-specific, cytotoxic T-cells in patients with malignant glioma. (nwbio.com)
Immature dendritic cells phagocytose apoptotic cells via alphavbeta5 and CD36, and cross-present antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (nwbio.com)
In the BALB/c mouse, there are three classical class I molecules, H-2Kᵈ, Dᵈ, and Lᵈ, which are expressed throughout the body and present viral antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). (caltech.edu)

For this purpose, transgenic (H-2b x H-2d)F1 mice were constructed that carry integrated copies of a modified H-2Kk gene resulting in the secretion from various cell types including thymocytes of soluble H-2Kk molecules. (uni-muenchen.de)
In contrast, only transgenic mice failed to generate a cytolytic T-cell response to soluble H-2Kk antigen expressed by recombinant vaccinia virus and presented by the H-2Db molecule. (uni-muenchen.de)
An antibody derived from a murine (or more generally non-human) sequence will be classified as -zumab and one with a human origin (phage display, transgenic mice or B-cell cloning techniques) as -umab. (gtp-bioways.com)
Here, we evaluated the safety issues raised by the risk of TAA-TCR gene transfer-associated on/off-target toxicities and the therapeutic potential in relevant transgenic mouse models of adoptive transfer. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
BACKGROUND: An adoptive transfer system was used to study the fate of alloreactive CD8+ H-2Kb-specific TCR transgenic (DES+) T cells in vivo after transplantation. (ox.ac.uk)
Researchers have determined that MMTV-Neu and MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice develop cancer tropic to the lungs and lymph nodes [3 ]. (openwetware.org)
This method also allows for the development of multiple different models depending on the desired tissue of study, with one additional example being that "C3(1)-SV40 T-antigen transgenic mice develop invasive mammary carcinomas," making the technique malleable to a variety of purposes. (openwetware.org)

Tissue resident and recruited macrophages also express adhesion molecules such as F4/80, a widely used biomarker and the founder member of a family of transmembrane G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). (ox.ac.uk)
However, despite the broad interface seen in the crystal structures, sequence diversity in antigen receptors is not evenly distributed among all 6 CDRs but is highly concentrated in the CDR3 region of the VH. (gtp-bioways.com)
Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)-engineered T cells have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in patients with B-cell malignancies. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
Furthermore they established that anti-CD79a/b antibodies (intact, or mutants incompetent to bind IgG receptors and activate the complement cascade) block the development of disease and ameliorate ongoing target organ injury in MRL/LPR mouse model of Rheumatoid Arthritis, NOD mice for Type 1 Diabetes and EAE mouse model for MS. (nationaljewish.org)
discuss the role of integrins in T cell- mediated immunity, with a focus on how these receptors participate in lymphocyte recirculation and T cell activation, how antigen stimulation regulates integrin activity, and how integrins define functionally unique subsets of T cells and APCs. (scielo.br)
Presumably implicated in the control of autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection, they are characterized by the expression in humans of receptors for class I MHC molecules of KIR type, and in mice of receptors homologous to KIR, the molecules of the Ly-49 family. (immunology.fr)

used a mouse transplantation model with prolonged ex vivo cold storage to explore liver graft protection. (jci.org)
Required for Treg generation in vivo in response to a model antigen introduced into the anterior chamber of the eye [3], F4/80 expression is also essential for organ transplantation [4] and engraftment of Lewis lung cancer cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Immunodeficient mice serve as critical hosts for transplantation of xenogeneic cells for in vivo analysis of various biological processes. (nih.gov)
Our lead molecule, RGI-2001, has demonstrated the pharmacological activity in vivo to expand Tregs both in humans and mice. (regimmune.com)
The creation of a human CD79 expressing mouse model for in-vivo preclinical testing to optimize anti-CD79 therapy is underway. (nationaljewish.org)
provides an overview of the dynamic in vivo life of NK cells from their development in the bone marrow to their mature cellular responses in the periphery and their ultimate demise, with emphasis on mouse NK cells and viral infections. (scielo.br)
Visualization of the in vivo generation of donor antigen-specific effector CD8+ T cells during mouse cardiac allograft rejection: in vivo effector CD8+ T cell generation during allograft rejection. (ox.ac.uk)
CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that alloantigen-specific T cells can be monitored in vivo during the immune response to an allograft and that the fate of CD8+ T cells specific for the allogeneic class I molecules expressed by the graft is different between cells in the periphery and those that infiltrate the graft. (ox.ac.uk)
in vivo in the spleen and lymph nodes of crazy type mice, with specificity confirmed through in vivo obstructing and depletion studies. (bioskinrevive.com)
Subsequently, a murine model of HSC transplantation shown successful in vivo detection of T cell repopulation at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-HSC transplant using the 89Zr-radiolabeled anti-CD4 and -CD8 cDbs. (bioskinrevive.com)
Performing tests in mice can also be cost prohibitive, as the average base cost for maintaining an in-vivo model is $1700 per week (Table 1). (openwetware.org)

Pathways of alloantigen presentation The of alloantigen presentation is usually so named as intact allogeneic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules expressed by donor allograft derived cells are directly presented to recipient T cells. (scienceexhibitions.org)

LFA-1 mediates a variety of heterotypic and homotypic intercellular adhesions through interaction with ICAM-1 (CD54) and ICAM-2 (CD102), including participation in the immunological synapses between CD8+ T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
In a very interesting review, P. MARRACK & J. KAPPLER focus on naïve, activated, and memory T cells survival separately, and discuss experiments done in vitro and in mice lacking or containing normal populations of lymphocytes. (scielo.br)
Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). (solarbio.cc)
The CD3 antigen is present on 68-82% of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, 65-85% of thymocytes and Purkynje cells in the cerebellum. (exbio.cz)
Mouse monoclonal to CD22.K22 reacts with CD22, a 140 kDa B-cell specific molecule, expressed in the cytoplasm of all B lymphocytes and on the cell surface of only mature B cells. (bioskinrevive.com)
CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) expressed on lymphocytes is known to play an important role in lymphocyte trafficking (adhesion to vascular endothelium), as well as interactions to antigen presenting cells (APC). (medscape.com)
Le pourcentage de CD44 dans les lymphocytes T périphériques était significativement plus élevé chez les patients que chez les témoins, comme détecté par la cytométrie en flux. (who.int)

The class I genes encode a family of homologous membrane proteins including the transplantation antigens K, D and L. These antigens reflect extensive genetic polymorphism which is apparent in the many different class I gene constellations or haplotypes found in mice (for example, BALB/c mice exhibit the H-2 d haplotype and their class I molecules are denoted K d , D D and L d ). (arizona.edu)
15 The dynamic addition and removal of O-GlcNAc has been described for multiple cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins and it affects the function of various signaling molecules and transcription factors. (nature.com)
The service boasts of "more than 100 GFP/RFP expressing tumor models" in which "all types of agents, small molecules, proteins, genes, can be evaluated" [2 ]. (openwetware.org)

Immune profiling and single cell transcriptomic analysis will reveal F4/80 dependent changes in abundance, and activation/polarization status, across myeloid and lymphoid compartments, as well as candidate pathways and effector molecules. (ox.ac.uk)
Recently, programmed death-1 (PD-1) with its ligands, programmed death ligand B7H1 (PD-L1) and B7DC (PD-L2), was found to regulate T-cell activation and tolerance, upon ligand binding, inhibiting T-cell effector functions in an antigen-specific manner. (novoprolabs.com)
We identify the main features of the immune response which Tregs need to control by firstly reviewing evidence for the induction and temporal pattern of the alloimmune response, in terms of alloantigen presentation GW791343 HCl and allopriming following transplantation, and the resulting effector mechanisms of graft rejection. (scienceexhibitions.org)

Our observation that CD8 ITC are present in placental blood suggests that they differentiate partly independently of stimulation by foreign antigens. (immunology.fr)
Класифікація реакцій гіперчутливості Allergic (including atopic) and other hypersensitivity disorders are inappropriate or exaggerated immune reactions to foreign antigens. (msdmanuals.com)

Frozen sections of mouse spleen were reacted with the anti-CD11a antibody. (bdbiosciences.com)
Tissues tested were mouse spleen and thymus. (bdbiosciences.com)
The objective of the thesis proposal is to confirm the existence of CD8 ITC compartmentalization, to describe its associated phenotypic and functional profiles, and selection process, in peripheral blood and placental blood in humans as well as in the spleen, lymph nodes and thymus in mice. (immunology.fr)
Plett PA, Frankovitz SM, Orschell CM: Distribution of marrow repopulating cells between bone marrow and spleen early after transplantation. (exbio.cz)
Murine monoclonal antibodies are produced by injecting a mouse with an antigen, harvesting its spleen to obtain B cells that are producing antibody specific to that antigen, fusing those cells with immortal mouse myeloma cells, growing these hybridoma cells (eg, in cell culture), and harvesting the antibody. (msdmanuals.com)

The most potent driver of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses with specificity for alloantigen presented by the direct pathway is usually through the migration of donor antigen-presenting cells (APCs) from the allograft to the secondary lymphoid organs (Larsen et al. (scienceexhibitions.org)
Efficient recognition of foreign pathogens by T cells requires adhesive interactions between T cells and other cell types, such as endothelial cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and with components of the extracellular matrix. (scielo.br)
Chimeric monoclonal antibodies activate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells more effectively than murine monoclonal antibodies but can still induce production of human anti-chimeric antibodies. (msdmanuals.com)

A small fraction of T cells recognizes alloantigen as antigenic peptide(s) presented by other major histocompatibility complex class I molecules and tolerance can be induced in this population by soluble alloantigen. (uni-muenchen.de)
The majority of T cells, however, require the whole cell membrane-expressed class I molecule for recognition. (uni-muenchen.de)
Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) may one day be used as a source of pancreatic progenitor cells and/or b cells for transplantation into patients with type I diabetes mellitus. (rotrf.org)
In this project, we will test the hypothesis that human PDX1+ pancreatic progenitor cells stimulate a less vigorous immune response than normal adult islets by studying the adaptive immune responses to such cells in humanized mice. (rotrf.org)
Specific aim 1 is to determine the expression of HLA antigens and co-stimulatory molecules on PDX1+ pancreatic progenitor cells. (rotrf.org)
Restoration of b cell function by hESC-derived PDX1+ cells will also be examined after transplantation of graded doses under the kidney capsule in diabetic mice. (rotrf.org)
In rMV-SLAMblind-treated mice, natural killer cells were activated, and Cxcl10 and Il12a levels were significantly increased in comparison with levels in the control group. (bvsalud.org)
One potential solution would be to replace the lost insulin-producing islet cells from the pancreas through transplantation. (scienceboard.net)
Reducing these side effects and prolonging the lifespan of transplanted islet cells could allow transplantation to become a more common treatment for type 1 diabetes. (scienceboard.net)
They created nanoparticles that could carry molecules of rapamycin and deliver them to antigen-presenting cells in the lymph nodes, which help direct the T cells' activity. (scienceboard.net)
Mice that did not receive immunosuppressants rejected the new cells within 10 days, with a subsequent loss of blood sugar control. (scienceboard.net)
However, the physiological role of transplantation antigens may be to serve as restricting elements in virus-mediated T-cell killing of infected self cells. (arizona.edu)
Mouse L cells are fibroblasts derived from C3H mice of H-2 k haplotype and monoclonal antibodies can be used to distinguish H-2 d molecules from the endogenous H-2 k products. (arizona.edu)
Here we show that the L d molecule on transformed mouse L cells can serve as a restricting element in lymphocytic choriomeningiris virus (LCMV) infection, whereas its K d counterpart cannot. (arizona.edu)
Dendritic cells acquire antigen from apoptotic cells and induce class I-restricted CTLs. (nwbio.com)
Babatz J, Röllig C, Löbel B, Folprecht G, Haack M, Günther H, Köhne CH, Ehninger G, Schmitz M, Bornhäuser M. Induction of cellular immune responses against carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with metastatic tumors after vaccination with altered peptide ligand-loaded dendritic cells. (nwbio.com)
Taking advantage of the increased metastatic potential of RhoC-expressing human (A375) melanoma cells, we evaluate four immunodeficient mouse strains: severe combined immunodeficiency (scid), nonobese diabetic (NOD)-scid, NOD-scid beta2m(null), and NOD-scid IL2Rgamma(null) as xenograft tumor recipients. (nih.gov)
If living cells from mouse strain CBA were injected into an adult mouse of strain A, some immunologic process destroyed the CBA cells, and the A-line mouse that received the CBA cells quickly destroyed any subsequent graft from the same donor strain. (medscape.com)
As the nature of T cells, the immunological effects of Tregs are antigen-specific, which gives a unique feature to our Treg-mediated drugs. (regimmune.com)
The alloimmune response Induction of the adaptive immune response to an allograft begins with recognition of alloantigen by recipient T cells which is usually now well characterized and known to occur through three main processes known as the direct, the indirect, and the semi-direct pathways of antigen presentation. (scienceexhibitions.org)
NOD-SCID-Gamma (NSG) mice) and measuring the presence of human blood cells in the blood or bone marrow (BM) after extended periods of engraftment, e.g., 20 weeks or longer. (stemcell.com)
However, high-avidity T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are usually absent in patients because of self-tolerance. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
Promising combinations of UniCAR NK cells and distinct targeting molecules will be identified for subsequent translation into a phase clinical study. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
Further experiments will involve the characterization of the effectiveness of Curly 14 for modulating immune disease, understanding Curly 14 binding affinity, determination of the antibody binding site and the ability to destabilize and/or desensitize B cells in huSCID and human CD79 knockin mouse models. (nationaljewish.org)
Here, we review some of the recent advances and studies that highlight the roles of these changes as well as antigen presentation and stress response pathways in beta cells in the onset and propagation of the autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
We advance the hypothesis that antigen presentation by beta cells, their stress responses and functional heterogeneity are critical factors that will provide clues towards solving the enigma posed by islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
The authors also argue that memory B and T cell responses are long-lived in the absence of antigen, but they are modulated and influenced by other infections and that memory B and T cells can either provide protective immunity or contribute to immunopathology on infection with homologous or heterologous viruses. (scielo.br)
review the heterogeneity of the current models for memory T cells generation and maintenance in humans and mice. (scielo.br)
METHODS: A trace population of 2.0x10(6) CD8+DES+ T cells were adoptively transferred into syngeneic CBA.Ca (H-2k) mice 24 hr before transplantation of an H-2Kb+ or H-2Kb- cardiac allograft. (ox.ac.uk)
Innate CD8 T cells (CD8 ITC), of which we have provided the first description in humans, are characterized by the expression of the KIR (human)/Ly-49 (mouse) or NKG2A molecules, and the transcription factor Eomes. (immunology.fr)
CD3 complex is crucial in transducing antigen-recognition signals into the cytoplasm of T cells and in regulating the cell surface expression of the TCR complex. (exbio.cz)
In contrast with CD10, CD19 and CD20 antigen, CD22 antigen is still present on lymphoplasmacytoid cells but is dininished on the fully mature plasma cells. (bioskinrevive.com)
Separation of murine bone marrow cells stained using anti-mouse CD49e (5H10-27(MFR5)) purified antibody (concentration in sample 0.56 μg/ml, DAR APC) from murine bone marrow cells unstained by primary antibody (DAR APC, black-dashed) in flow cytometry analysis (surface staining). (exbio.cz)
van der Loo JC, Xiao X, McMillin D, Hashino K, Kato I, Williams DA: VLA-5 is expressed by mouse and human long-term repopulating hematopoietic cells and mediates adhesion to extracellular matrix protein fibronectin. (exbio.cz)
Perhaps the most pervasive technique is one where cancer cells of a particular phenotype with specific tropic factors can be grafted into host mice to develop a model. (openwetware.org)
Human cancer cells can be xenograft into mice for the purpose of determining what factors allow a patient's cancer to persist and metastasize. (openwetware.org)
CD117 by immunohistochemical methods sion molecules, involved in cell-cell and in order to clarify the role of the infiltrating cell matrix interactions and thought to take inflammatory cells in the pathomechanisms part in cell motility [ 2,3 ]. (who.int)
Загальні відомості про імунну систему The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. (msdmanuals.com)
In both cases, the process usually begins as above with production of mouse hybridoma cells that make antibody to the desired antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
We observed a significant increase in IFN-γ-producing CD8 + T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of immunocompetent mice that repeatedly aspirated A. fumigatus conidia in contrast to mice challenged with A. versicolor , a species that is not typically associated with invasive, disseminated disease. (cdc.gov)
Airway IFN-γ + CD8 + T-cells were decreased and lung germination was eliminated in mice that aspirated A. fumigatus conidia that were formaldehyde-fixed or heat-inactivated. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore, A. fumigatus particles exhibited greater persistence in the lungs of recipient mice when compared to non-viable A. fumigatus or A. versicolor , and this correlated with increased maintenance of airway memory-phenotype CD8 + T cells. (cdc.gov)

The authors postulated that the age of the animal at the time of its first encounter with a foreign body was the critical factor in determining its responsiveness and, hence, its recognition of nonself antigens. (medscape.com)
Some of the expressed genes, like the T18ᶜ and Thy19.4 genes, appear to be able to encode class I molecules which may share structural characteristics with the classical transplantation antigens and may possibly serve as recognition structures in cell-cell interaction events. (caltech.edu)
00:14.1 Today, I'm going to talk to you about 00:16.1 the immunological synapse, 00:17.2 Part 1 - antigen recognition. (ibiology.org)

CDRs are the hypervariable regions responsible for antigen binding. (gtp-bioways.com)
If the mouse gene for only the antigen-binding hypervariable regions of the variable region is used, the product is termed "humanized. (msdmanuals.com)

Organ shortage continues to limit the lives of patients who require liver transplantation. (jci.org)
Thus, PD-1 may be a useful target for the immunologic therapy of carcinoma,infection,autoimmune diseases as well as organ transplantation. (novoprolabs.com)
Induction of immunologic tolerance has been achieved and studied in numerous laboratory animal models, but it remains an elusive goal in clinical organ transplantation and in the management of autoimmune disease in humans. (medscape.com)
Current clinical strategies to control the alloimmune response after transplantation do not fully prevent induction of the immunological processes which lead to acute and chronic immune-mediated graft rejection, and as such the survival of a solid organ allograft is limited. (scienceexhibitions.org)
2011). This concept is usually now being supported by mounting experimental evidence from basic and clinical studies, which indicate that the next stage in optimizing translation of Tregs to solid organ transplantation will be through the refinement and delivery of donor alloantigen-specific Treg therapy. (scienceexhibitions.org)
This review article discusses the relevance of antigen-specific regulation of alloreactivity by Tregs and explores the concept and goal of defining an optimal Treg for the prevention of transplant rejection and induction of organ transplant tolerance. (scienceexhibitions.org)
Physique 1 (A) Alloantigen presentation via the direct, semi-direct and indirect pathways following organ transplantation, and (W) the relative intensity of each antigen-presentation pathway during the post-transplantation (post-Tx) period. (scienceexhibitions.org)
Background & Aims: Body organ shortage has resulted in the usage of steatotic livers in transplantation despite their elevated susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion damage (IRI). (ecologicalsgardens.com)
MetaMouse offers researchers the ability to order mouse models with a predetermined cancer type grafted or cultured in a tissue or organ of interest. (openwetware.org)

Other uses of the CFU assay include studying the effects of stimulatory and inhibitory growth factors, screening novel compounds to predict potential toxicity to the hematopoietic system, and testing the effects of various in vitro manipulations (e.g. cell processing, cryopreservation, gene transduction, and transmission) on cellular products used in hematopoietic cell transplantation. (stemcell.com)

HSCs specifically are defined by their ability for self-renewal and to reconstitute the entire hematopoietic system following transplantation. (stemcell.com)
It is used both by hematopoietic researchers and clinical labs to assess the potency of transplantation units of cord blood (CB) and hematopoietic cellular therapy products. (stemcell.com)
T cell transfer, Kaempferol hematopoietic stem cell or progenitor cell transfer, little molecule and antibody-based immunotherapies, and combos thereof, entire body immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) concentrating on of immune system cell subtypes could offer spatial and temporal details that is difficult utilizing current strategies. (bioskinrevive.com)

Expression of human NKG2D ligands MHC class I chain-related A and B molecules renders melanoma susceptible to murine NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and killing is inhibited by antibody blockade of murine NKG2D. (nih.gov)
However, it is unclear what function these molecules play, or why such a large gene family is maintained if only three viral antigen-presenting restriction elements are required by the murine immune system. (caltech.edu)
Flow cytometry surface staining pattern of murine bone marrow using anti-mouse CD49e (5H10-27(MFR5)) purified antibody (concentration in sample 0.56 μg/ml, DAR APC). (exbio.cz)

Currently, no caveat that the final line of defense is the immune system of small-molecule drugs are available that prevent disease fol- the exposed individual. (cdc.gov)
Our approach for enhancing Treg activity takes advantage of a natural immune pathway using a synthetic small molecule that induces expansion of Tregs. (regimmune.com)

The authors found that liver grafts with absent carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) exhibited increased ischemia-reperfusion injury inflammation and decreased function in wild-type recipients. (jci.org)

CD22 is an adhesion molecule and plays a role in B cell activation as a signaling molecule. (bioskinrevive.com)
VLA-5 binds to RGD sequence of fibronectin, and to neural adhesion molecule L1. (exbio.cz)
Loss of MMP-9 activity preserved platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) expression a modulator of vascular integrity at the endothelial cell-cell junctions in steatotic livers after IRI. (ecologicalsgardens.com)

Stem cell transplantation may be used if the disease recurs following standard treatment. (wikipedia.org)
The properties of transmembrane and soluble transplantation antigens were compared with respect to the induction of tolerance and the selection of the T-cell repertoire. (uni-muenchen.de)
Despite the presence of H-2Kk antigen, these mice were still able to generate an H-2Kk-specific T-cell response. (uni-muenchen.de)
The new treatment was tested in mice with diabetes that had received islet cell transplants. (scienceboard.net)
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of the mouse, H-2 on chromosome 17, contains several families of genes encoding cell-surface molecules which have a role in mediating immune responses 1,2 . (arizona.edu)
Adhesion of macrophage cell lines from wild type and F4/80 knockout mice to purified matrix molecules, and complex 3D matrices, will be assessed, and binding sites mapped and downstream signalling examined. (ox.ac.uk)
PERSPECTIVE as protective antigen (PA), which binds to the cell surface axonal growth that may take weeks or months. (cdc.gov)
Programmed Death-1 (PD-1), firstly cloned from mouse T cell hybridoma 2B4.11, is one member of CD28/CTLA-4 superfamily. (novoprolabs.com)
Natural killer (NK) cell function was examined in each mouse strain using standard (51)Chromium release assays. (nih.gov)
Cell markers, or surface antigens, are molecules located on a cell's membrane used to identify specific cell types, their lineage, and their stage in the differentiation process according to the presence or absence of the expression of defined markers. (stemcell.com)
Traditionally, the treatment of hematological malignancies is administrated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. (hindawi.com)
As a consequence CD79 is an ideal candidate molecule for B cell-targeted therapy. (nationaljewish.org)
B cell depletion with anti-CD79 mAbs ameliorates autoimmune disease in MRL/lpr mice. (nationaljewish.org)
Human AB serum is used in cell culture applications, cell therapy, transplantation, and tissue engineering. (innov-research.com)
CD22 antigen is present in the most B-cell leukemias and lymphomas but not T-cell leukemias. (bioskinrevive.com)
Moreover the evaluation of distinct parameters of regeneration proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and histone H3 phosphorylation (pH3) provided evidence that hepatocyte progression into S phase and mitosis was notably enhanced in MMP-9? (ecologicalsgardens.com)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)

PD-1 belongs to type I transmembrane protein and acts as an important immunosuppressive molecule. (novoprolabs.com)
DNA sequences were obtained from each of the 35 class I genes of the BALB/c mouse of the transmembrane domain-encoding fifth exon. (caltech.edu)

To minimize the problems due to use of pure mouse antibody, researchers have used recombinant DNA techniques to create monoclonal antibodies that are part human and part mouse. (msdmanuals.com)

Recombinant targeting modules will be based on antibodies and soluble single-chain fragments of TCR specific for melanoma antigens. (unimedizin-mainz.de)
Human AB serum is collected from type AB donors and it lacks antibodies against blood type A and B antigens. (innov-research.com)
Complement plays a critical role in immune defense and inflammation, and is activated when antibodies in an immune animal interact with corresponding antigens. (innov-research.com)

A major breakthrough in our understanding of its immunological function derived from studies using F4/80 knockout mice, which revealed this molecule to be dispensible for macrophage development, but responsible for peripheral tolerance. (ox.ac.uk)

Polymorphisms within exon 2 and exon 3 are responsible for the peptide binding specificity of each class one molecule. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Our understanding of factors such as the temporal activity and intensity of alloantigen presentation pathway activity, and resulting alloimmune priming following transplantation is usually integral to identifying the specificity of the Treg required and the time or frequency at which it needs to be administered to deliver an optimized and targeted therapeutic. (scienceexhibitions.org)

PD-1 gene knocked out mice would induce some autoimmune diseases, which suggests that PD-1 acts as a co-inhibitory molecule actively participating in maintaining peripheral tolerance. (novoprolabs.com)
Han WR, Murray-Segal LJ, Gershenzon A, Zhang JG, Hodder AN, Pietersz GA, Mottram PL: Idarubicin-145-2C11-F(ab')2 promotes peripheral tolerance and reduces chronic vascular disease in mouse cardiac allografts. (exbio.cz)

Treg enhancing drugs can maintain tolerance to antigens and suppress immune responses, therefore they are useful in treating transplantation rejection, autoimmune diseases, and allergy. (regimmune.com)
For example, our Treg enhancing drug to prevent transplantation rejection will not suppress immune responses to pathogens, and our Treg suppressing drug to fight against cancers will not induce autoimmune diseases. (regimmune.com)
Tregs in GW791343 HCl experimental and clinical studies of tolerance and explore the concept of delivering an optimal Treg for the induction and maintenance phases of achieving transplantation tolerance. (scienceexhibitions.org)
We then review evidence for the association of Tregs and Treg-mediated donor-specific immune regulation in clinical transplantation with particular focus on data emerging from the study of operationally tolerant transplant recipients. (scienceexhibitions.org)
GW791343 HCl After reviewing these findings we then discuss the mechanistic bases of tolerance induction by antigen-specific Tregs, and the requirements of an optimized Treg to improve the success of this approach for the induction and maintenance phases of achieving donor-specific tolerance. (scienceexhibitions.org)
2008), however the key questions we examine here are whether the differential activity of these alloantigen presentation pathways are associated with transplantation tolerance, and whether their activity is usually modulated though a process of active regulation which may otherwise be achievable using alloantigen-specific Treg therapy. (scienceexhibitions.org)
The thesis research proposal will first be devoted to the complete phenotypic/functional description of CD8 ITC/Treg in humans and mice at steady state. (immunology.fr)

In the CLAC xenograft nude mouse model, intratumoral administration of rMV-SLAMblind significantly suppressed tumor growth. (bvsalud.org)
Because investigators typically select one or two immunodeficient mouse strains as recipients, no comprehensive study has been published documenting differences in human tumor engraftment. (nih.gov)
In contrast, NOD-scid beta2m(null) and NOD-scid IL2Rgamma(null) mice show rapid tumor engraftment, although tumor growth is variable in NOD-scid beta2m(null) mice. (nih.gov)
Several methods exist for generating metastasis models in mice canonical to human cancer: tumor transplantation, genetic modification, and the amplification of specific promoters. (openwetware.org)
Through the use of a Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV), two genes have been identified as primary targets for generating malignant tumors. (openwetware.org)

C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes stained with CD4 (clone RM4-5) FITC (solid line) or rat IgG2a, κ FITC isotype control (dotted line). (biolegend.com)

Nonetheless, immune tolerance remains the holy grail of transplantation immunology and clinical transplantation. (medscape.com)
The first US Food and Drug Administration-approved immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes, the anti-CD3 antibody teplizumab, delays symptomatic type 1 diabetes onset by 2-3 years [ 4 ], opening the door for the future clinical application of antigen-specific approaches with potentially superior immunoregulatory properties [ 5 ]. (springer.com)

Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Tregs maintain tolerance to self-antigens thereby preventing autoimmune diseases. (regimmune.com)

However, our current understanding of the alloimmune response suggests that regulation of donor-reactive immunity primed by specific pathways of alloantigen-presentation following transplantation may be central to achieving long-term or indefinite graft survival (Nepom et al. (scienceexhibitions.org)

The M17/4 antibody specific for mouse CD11a is recommended to test for immunohistochemical staining of acetone-fixed frozen sections. (bdbiosciences.com)

We successfully applied this strategy to the human TAAs p53, gp100 and MDM2-specific TCRs as promising antigens-driven immunotherapy for both melanoma and hematologic malignancies. (unimedizin-mainz.de)

This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). (sigmaaldrich.com)
This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta (DRB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. (solarbio.cc)

The Thy19.4 gene contains an open reading frame, and in several aspects resembles the genes that encode the transplantation antigens. (caltech.edu)
However, unlike the classical transplantation antigens, the Thy19.4 gene maps distal to the H-2 region, in the Hmt region. (caltech.edu)
If the mouse gene for the whole variable region is spliced next to the human constant region, the product is termed "chimeric. (msdmanuals.com)

Melanoma metastases growth is delayed and variable in scid and NOD-scid mice. (nih.gov)

Human serum albumin is a circulating transporter of exogenous and endogenous molecules within the bloodstream. (innov-research.com)

Megalin was the rat antigen, which rats have in their glomerulus, but humans don't. (medscape.com)
Seems like quite a daunting project, given that we had been searching for the antigen in humans for so long. (medscape.com)
Immunohistopathological studies of pancreases from individuals with type 1 diabetes are generally compatible with these observations made in mice (see references below) but have exposed additional phenomena peculiar to the natural history of the disease in humans. (springer.com)
In a very interesting issue, R.J. NORTH & Y-J. JUNG first argue that mouse tuberculosis and tuberculosis in guinea pig and rabbit are models of tuberculosis in susceptible humans. (scielo.br)
As it stands, mice are the most cost efficient in terms of space and handling, and they provide a biological system comparable to humans. (openwetware.org)

Sampaio AL, Zahn G, Leoni G, Vossmeyer D, Christner C, Marshall JF, Perretti M: Inflammation-dependent alpha 5 beta 1 (very late antigen-5) expression on leukocytes reveals a functional role for this integrin in acute peritonitis. (exbio.cz)

Substances stick to albumin molecules within the serum and are carried by it. (innov-research.com)

By contrast, 83% of mice treated with the nano-delivered rapamycin still had normal blood glucose concentrations by that time. (scienceboard.net)

This population is not affected by tolerance induction to the soluble major histocompatibility complex class I molecule. (uni-muenchen.de)
We will investigate the cellular and molecular basis of F4/80-mediated tolerance using a syngeneic, orthotopic breast cancer grafting model [5] in wild type or F4/80 null mice. (ox.ac.uk)
Immunologic tolerance is a state of immune unresponsiveness specific to a particular antigen or set of antigens induced by previous exposure to that antigen or set. (medscape.com)
Transplantation tolerance could eliminate many of the adverse events associated with immunosuppressive agents. (medscape.com)

Then the DNA for some or all of the variable portion of the mouse antibody is merged with DNA for human immunoglobulin. (msdmanuals.com)

Tregs also suppress immune responses to non-self antigens, such as pathogens and allergens, thereby preventing excessive immune responses. (regimmune.com)

Class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In aim 2, human PDX1+ progenitors will be transplanted into mice previously conditioned to harbor a human immune system. (rotrf.org)

Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. (solarbio.cc)

Anatomy24

Organisms12

Diseases16

Chemicals and Drugs102

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment69

Phenomena and Processes33

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Named Groups2

Health Care11

Receptor14

Cytotoxic6

Transgenic7

Receptors6

Vivo11

Allogeneic1

Lymphocytes7

Proteins3

Effector3

Foreign antigens2

Spleen5

APCs3

Cells42

Recognition3

Hypervariable regions2

Organ9

Vitro1

Hematopoietic3

Murine3

Small-molecule2

Carcinoembryonic1

Adhesion molecule3

Cell17

Transmembrane2

Monoclonal antibodies1

Antibodies3

Immunological1

Specificity2

Peripheral tolerance2

Treg7

Tumor5

Clone1

Clinical2

Bone marrow1

Autoimmune diseases1

Pathways1

Antibody specific1

Immunotherapy1

Heterodimer2

Gene3

Melanoma1

Endogenous1

Humans5

Integrin1

Serum1

Contrast1

Tolerance4

Immunoglobulin1

Tregs1

Immune system2

Polymorphisms1