Alessandra Baracca In the last two decades, IF 1 , the endogenous inhibitor of the mitochondrial F 1 F o -ATPase ( ATP synthase ) has assumed greater and ever greater interest since it has been found to be overexpressed in many cancers. (silverchair.com)
ATP synthase B chain, mitochondrial precursor,FO-A. (wfleabase.org)
Membrane13
A transmembrane protein (TP) is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Many transmembrane proteins function as gateways to permit the transport of specific substances across the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
The peptide sequence that spans the membrane, or the transmembrane segment, is largely hydrophobic and can be visualized using the hydropathy plot. (wikipedia.org)
Type I transmembrane proteins are anchored to the lipid membrane with a stop-transfer anchor sequence and have their N-terminal domains targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen during synthesis (and the extracellular space, if mature forms are located on cell membranes). (wikipedia.org)
All such systems are multisubunit complexes with at least 3 dissimilar subunits embedded as a complex in the membrane (F 0 , a:b:c = 1:2:~12) and (usually) at least 5 dissimilar subunits attached to F 0 (F 1 , α:β:γ:δ:ε = 3:3:1:1:1 for F-type ATPases). (tcdb.org)
V-ATPase is made of two subcomplexes: a cytosolic V 1 that carries out ATP hydrolysis, and a membrane bound V o that is responsible for proton translocation. (upstate.edu)
Journal cover: V-ATPase is regulated by disassembly into soluble V 1 (shown in cyan) and membrane integral V o (shown in gold) subcomplexes. (upstate.edu)
They are coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. (nih.gov)
Nonuniform lateral distribution of transmembrane deltapH in a coupling membrane as related to its curvature. (shengsci.com)
The proton flow responsible for decreased pH values inside mitochondrial cristae and membrane invaginations of cyanobacteria has been c. (shengsci.com)
A highly conserved family of ATPases that facilitate the transport of lipids and cations across the plasma membrane. (bvsalud.org)
The very steep gradient is maintained by an energy-driven calcium pump, known as the plasma membrane Ca 2+ ATPase (PMCA). (abdominalkey.com)
This membrane-associated complex seems to be embedded exclusively in the inner membrane, which indicates that additional components are required to translocate substrates across the mycobacterial outer membrane. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Subunit3
The crystal structure of the S. cerevisiae c-subunit ring with bound oligomycin revealed the inhibitor docked on the outer face of the proton-binding sites, deep in the transmembrane region ( Zhou and Faraldo-Gómez 2018 ). (tcdb.org)
Affinity labeling and genetic studies on the glycine-rich sequence of the beta subunit of E. coli F-type ATPase are discussed. (shengsci.com)
subunit alpha of MPP mitochondrial signal peptidase heterodimer","protein_coding" "Zm00001e017599_P001","No alias","Zea mays","Protein disulfide isomerase-like 2-2 OS=Oryza sativa subsp. (ntu.edu.sg)
Mitochondria5
F-type ATPases are found in eukaryotic mitochondria and chloroplasts as well as in bacteria. (tcdb.org)
Electron cryoEM structures of mitochondrial, chloroplast, and bacterial ATP synthases have revealed the architecture of the FO region, helping to explain the mechanisms of proton translocation, dimerization of the enzyme in mitochondria, and cristae formation. (tcdb.org)
All eukaryotic F-type ATPases pump 3-4 H + out of mitochondria, or into thylakoids of chloroplasts, per ATP hydrolyzed. (tcdb.org)
Plant uncoupling mitochondrial protein activity in mitochondria isolated from tomatoes at different stages of ripening. (shengsci.com)
[5] The eukaryote Monocercomonoides is known to have completely lost its mitochondria, [6] and the multicellular organism Henneguya salminicola is known to have retained mitochondrion-related organelles in association with a complete loss of their mitochondrial genome. (wikipedia.org)
Protein5
citation needed] In addition to the protein domains, there are unusual transmembrane elements formed by peptides. (wikipedia.org)
The V-ATPase complex regulates non-canonical Atg8-family protein lipidation through ATG16L1 recruitment. (babraham.ac.uk)
Unlike reversible disassembly, which requires ATP hydrolysis on V 1 to break protein-protein interactions, Oxr1p mediated disassembly of V-ATPase is ATP independent and therefore a novel mode of activity regulation. (upstate.edu)
Single-pass transmembrane receptor protein that plays an important role in ANGIOTENSIN II production and cellular responses to RENIN. (bvsalud.org)
His conclusion was that the MNK protein delivers copper to the fetus and Wilson disease ATPase returns excess copper to the maternal circulation. (medscape.com)
Translocation1
The unique bifurcated oxidation of ubiquinol at center P (Qo) of the cytochrome bc1 complex is the reaction within the Q-cycle reaction scheme that is most critical for the link between electron transfer and vectorial proton translocation. (shengsci.com)
Catalytic2
A glycine-rich sequence in the catalytic site of F-type ATPase. (shengsci.com)
Structurally, they are elongated ALPHA-HELICES constituting five functionally distinct domains: three cytoplasmic domains A, N, and P which contain the catalytic sites, and two transmembrane domains. (bvsalud.org)
Membranes2
Transmembrane alpha-helical (α-helical) proteins are unusually stable judging from thermal denaturation studies, because they do not unfold completely within the membranes (the complete unfolding would require breaking down too many α-helical H-bonds in the nonpolar media). (wikipedia.org)
We have shown that this process is triggered by recruitment of ATG16L1 by the vacuolar-type H-translocating ATPase (V-ATPase) proton pump, suggesting a role for pH sensing in recruitment of Atg8-family proteins to single membranes. (babraham.ac.uk)
Cytoplasmic1
All copper-transporting ATPases have a histidine residue in the large cytoplasmic loop adjacent to the ATP-binding domain. (medscape.com)
Complexes1
While individual V 1 and V o subcomplexes are locked in specific rotary states, the in vitro assembled complexes populated three rotary states, similar to what was previously observed for native V-ATPase. (upstate.edu)
Electrochemical1
P. Gräber F-type H + - ATP synthases synthesize ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy supplied by a transmembrane electrochemical potential difference of protons. (silverchair.com)
Vacuolar2
Subtractive CRISPR screen identifies the ATG16L1/vacuolar ATPase axis as required for non-canonical LC3 lipidation. (babraham.ac.uk)
The vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is a highly conserved rotary motor proton pump that plays an essential role in cellular housekeeping functions. (upstate.edu)
Proteins7
Depending on the number of transmembrane segments, transmembrane proteins can be classified as single-span (or bitopic) or multi-span (polytopic). (wikipedia.org)
There are two basic types of transmembrane proteins: alpha-helical and beta barrels. (wikipedia.org)
This is the major category of transmembrane proteins. (wikipedia.org)
All beta-barrel transmembrane proteins have simplest up-and-down topology, which may reflect their common evolutionary origin and similar folding mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
A transmembrane polyproline-II helix has not been reported in natural proteins. (wikipedia.org)
The most common tertiary structures of these proteins are transmembrane helix bundle and beta barrel. (wikipedia.org)
The vast majority of proteins entering the secretory pathway are synthesized on ribosomes docked at ER translocons and are co-transationally translocated into the ER lumen. (stanford.edu)
Pump2
Bacterial F-type ATPases pump 3-4 H + and/or Na + (depending on the system) out of the cell per ATP hydrolyzed. (tcdb.org)
V-type ATPases may pump 2-3 H + per ATP hydrolyzed, and these enzymes cannot catalyze pmf-driven ATP synthesis. (tcdb.org)
Biogenesis2
Association of RUNX3 with the events: clear biogenesis has activation of the astrocytes: mitochondrial to the CTGF surface, very co-translationally inhibiting activation of the CTGF damage which is the bovine machinery source pH( Yagi et al. (evakoch.com)
[10] Mitochondrial biogenesis is in turn temporally coordinated with these cellular processes. (wikipedia.org)
Reductase1
Na(+)-translocating NADH-quinone reductase of marine and halophilic bacteria. (shengsci.com)
Bacteria1
V-type ATPases are found in vacuoles of eukaryotes and in bacteria. (tcdb.org)
Rotary1
They employ a transmembrane protonmotive force, Δ p , as a source of energy to drive a mechanical rotary mechanism that leads to the chemical synthesis. (silverchair.com)
Complex1
In addition, distinct NOX homologs expressed by non-phagocytic cells and mitochondrial ROS are interlinked with phagocytic NOX functions and thus affect the overall redox state of the tissue and the cellular activity in a complex fashion. (frontiersin.org)
Biochemical3
A recent study from the Wilkens lab in collaboration with Seoul National University uncovered a novel mechanism of yeast V-ATPase regulation based on biochemical experiments and cryo electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of holo V-ATPase and Oxr1 bound V 1 subcomplex. (upstate.edu)
Biochemical experiments showed that Oxr1p binds and promotes V-ATPase disassembly. (upstate.edu)
Menkes and Wilson disease ATPases use common biochemical mechanisms, but the tissue-specific expression differs. (medscape.com)
Peptide1
A typical example is gramicidin A, a peptide that forms a dimeric transmembrane β-helix. (wikipedia.org)
Cytosolic1
Furthermore, the extended cytosolic domains of the EccC ATPase, which interact with secretion effectors, are highly flexible, suggesting an as yet unseen mode of substrate interaction. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Structures1
used cryo-EM to obtain structures of yeast V-ATPase assembled from purified V 1 and V o subcomplexes. (upstate.edu)
Regulator2
V-ATPase is a universal regulator of LC3-associated phagocytosis and non-canonical autophagy. (babraham.ac.uk)
Together, these data identify V-ATPase as a universal regulator of CASM and indicate that SopF evolved in part to evade non-canonical autophagy. (babraham.ac.uk)
Hydrolysis1
The rotor (which consists of the c, ε and γ subunits) is believed to rotate relative to the stator in response to either ATP hydrolysis by F 1 or proton transport through F 0 . (tcdb.org)
Humans1
Further experiments will be required to uncover the physiological role of the interaction suof Oxr1 with the V-ATPase, and whether the observations obtained for the yeast system are conserved in higher organisms, including humans. (upstate.edu)
Evidence1
Finally, we show that LAP is sensitive to Salmonella SopF, which disrupts the V-ATPase-ATG16L1 axis and provide evidence that CASM contributes to the Salmonella host response. (babraham.ac.uk)
Function3
The enzyme's proton pumping function is regulated by a unique process called "reversible disassembly", wherein V 1 dissociates from V o in a for example nutrient dependent manner. (upstate.edu)
These regulators include canonical genes that control lipid metabolism as well as genes involved in ubiquitination, transcription, and mitochondrial function. (stanford.edu)
The histidine residue is the most common mutation site in Wilson disease, and this histidine residue is essential for the function of the Menkes ATPase, ATP7A. (medscape.com)
The F 1 portion of the bovine mitochondrial F-type ATPase has been solved to 2.8 Å resolution. (tcdb.org)
The Menkes gene is located on the long arm of the X chromosome at Xq13.3, and the gene product (ATP7A) is a 1500-amino acid P-type adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) that has 17 domains - 6 copper binding, 8 transmembrane, a phosphatase, a phosphorylation, and an ATP binding. (medscape.com)
Role1
Here, using pharmacological inhibitors, we investigate a role for V-ATPase during non-canonical autophagy. (babraham.ac.uk)
Activity1
Not surprisingly, V-ATPase activity (or loss thereof) has been linked to several disease states including renal tubular acidosis, osteoporosis, neurodegeneration, and cancer. (upstate.edu)
Sites1
containing methanogens have additional coupling sites that also translocate protons. (silverchair.com)
Response1
Hardman et al found levels of the Wilson disease ATPase decreased in response to insulin and was perinuclear. (medscape.com)
Channel1
These include responses to ionophores such as the M2 proton channel of influenza A virus. (babraham.ac.uk)
Formation1
A download Hanging Sam: A Military Biography of General Samuel T. Williams: From Pancho Villa to of residues are experienced regulated for the high 3-phosphate by which SP1 assemblies present to connected formation phagosome by UCP1 in transmembrane C1q-mediated fusion momenta, and preferentially by the intracellular genes as Once. (evakoch.com)
Common1
Upon V0-V1 binding, V-ATPase recruits ATG16L1, via K490, during LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), STING- and drug-induced CASM, indicating a common mechanism. (babraham.ac.uk)