Transmembrane helices helices membrane protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

Members of one of these groups are characterized by a single transmembrane helix, and others contain amphipathic helices. (frontiersin.org)

Nearly all of the resonances in the two-dimensional 1H/15N HSQC spectrum of uniformly 15N labeled Vpu(2-30+) in micelles are superimposable on those from the corresponding residues in the spectrum of full-length Vpu, which indicates that the structure of the trans-membrane domain is not strongly affected by the presence of the cytoplasmic domain at its C terminus. (rcsb.org)
The analysis of the PISA wheels and Dipolar Waves obtained from both weakly and completely aligned samples show that Vpu(2-30+) has a trans-membrane alpha-helix spanning residues 8-25 with an average tilt of 13 degrees. (rcsb.org)
The helix is kinked slightly at Ile17, which results in tilts of 12 degrees for residues 8-16 and 15 degrees for residues 17-25. (rcsb.org)
d ) A sectional view through the map and superimposed model, showing details of the central transmembrane pore (functionally important amino acid residues on the α -subunit pore-lining M2 helices, 9′Leu, uppermost, and −1′Glu, are shown in red). (iucr.org)
Positively charged residues at the entrance to the vestibule function as a selectivity filter that uses charge-repulsion to reject mitochondrial TA proteins. (stanford.edu)
Further, biophysical experiments suggested that HomA and HomB are dimeric and most likely the cysteine residues present on surface-exposed loops participate in protein-protein interactions. (nature.com)
This family consists of a series of short proteins of around 90 residues in length. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Structure-based sequence alignments were generated and the residues in the helix-helix interfaces were analyzed. (biomedcentral.com)
Small residues (Gly/Ala/Ser/Thr) are found to be highly conserved as a group in the helix-helix interface of MIP structures. (biomedcentral.com)
Small residues are group-conserved in the helix-helix interface of MIP structures and they seem to be important for close helix-helix interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
at acidic pH, titration of Asp residues shifts the equilibrium toward membrane insertion and tissue accumulation. (yale.edu)
residues Trp, Tyr, and sometimes Phe may serve as anchors to help stabilize a transmembrane orientation. (uark.edu)
In this work, we compare the influence of interfacial Trp, Tyr, or Phe residues upon the properties of tilted helical transmembrane peptides. (uark.edu)

Arkin, IT 2002, ' Structural aspects of oligomerization taking place between the transmembrane α-helices of bitopic membrane proteins ', Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes , vol. 1565, no. 2, pp. 347-363. (huji.ac.il)
The structural features of the trans-membrane domain are determinants of the ion-channel activity that may be associated with the protein's role in facilitating the budding of new virus particles from infected cells. (rcsb.org)
SCOPe: Structural Classification of Proteins - extended. (berkeley.edu)
Mutagenesis and structural analyses have revealed numerous examples in which the interaction between TM helices of single-pass membrane proteins is dependent on a GxxxG or (small)xxx(small) motif. (cipsm.de)
The Pleiner lab combines mechanistic cell biology, structural biochemistry and protein engineering to dissect the pathways and molecular machines that mature human membrane proteins to a fully functional state. (stanford.edu)
Leveraging an improved structural model of the human EMC, we used mutagenesis and site-specific crosslinking to map the path of a TA protein from its cytosolic capture by methionine-rich loops to its membrane insertion through a hydrophilic vestibule. (stanford.edu)
In the present study, we explored the structural aspect of HomA and HomB proteins using various computational, biophysical and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. (nature.com)
Our study provides essential structural information of unexplored proteins of the Hom family that can help in a better understanding of H. pylori pathogenesis. (nature.com)
2015 . The crystal structure of full-length E. coli YidC revealed that a hydrophilic groove, formed by five transmembrane helices, is a conserved structural feature of YidC, as compared to the previous YidC structure from Bacillus halodurans , which lacks a periplasmic domain. (tcdb.org)
They reassemble to form the structural framework that remolds the membrane into a 50 nm long chute initially closed at its distal end. (asmblog.org)
Why do hydrogen bonds between atoms of the polypeptide backbone, form both helix and pleated structures, instead of only one structural type? (stackexchange.com)
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structural analysis showed that the first membrane-spanning segment (amino acids 69 to 93) consists of two helices separated by a "helix breaker. (rcsb.org)
The folding of integral membrane proteins clearly differs from that of soluble proteins since the membrane environment imposes constraints on polypeptide secondary and tertiary structural features quite different from those imposed by an aqueous environment. (yale.edu)
I will present our recent structural studies, using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, of three membrane proteins that give insights into the mechanisms of virus-cell membrane fusion and virus budding. (lu.se)

Proteins are produced in the cytoplasm as precursors, and require a chaperone subunit to direct them to the translocase component. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike the SecD subunit of the pre-protein translocase of E. coli, SecDF of B. subtilis was not required for the release of a mature secretory protein from the membrane, indicating that SecDF is involved in earlier translocation steps. (wikipedia.org)
However, now I would like to model a hetero(di/tri)meric complex with each subunit being a single transmembrane a-helix. (rosettacommons.org)
Each subunit contains a single, largely hydrophobic transmembrane helix. (ox.ac.uk)
The GABRA1 gene provides instructions for making one piece, the alpha-1 (α1) subunit, of the GABA A receptor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Structurally, they form a homodimer where each subunit consists of eight transmembrane helices with the N and C terminals exposed to the cytosol. (bvsalud.org)

Molecular modeling of these enzymes has revealed an amphipathic alpha helix within the C-terminal domains of these proteins. (nih.gov)
Interactions between the alpha-helix dipoles and the water dipoles, the latter aligned anti-parallel to the former, contribute to the stability of the system. (ox.ac.uk)
The peptide has three states: soluble in water, bound to the surface of a membrane, and inserted across the membrane as an alpha-helix. (yale.edu)

We insert synthetic peptides into proteins of interest via tandem protein trans-splicing using two orthogonal split intein pairs and validate our approach by investigating different aspects of GFP, Na V 1.5 and P2X2 receptor function. (biorxiv.org)
We thus sought to complement these approaches with a method that could incorporate synthetic peptides carrying multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs) or ncAAs into both cytosolic and membrane proteins in live eukaryotic cells. (biorxiv.org)
The pHLIP technology introduces a new concept to detect, target, and possibly treat acidic diseased tissue by employing the selective insertion and folding of membrane peptides. (yale.edu)
We find that GWALP23 peptides having F5, Y5, or W5 exhibit essentially the same av. tilt and similar dynamics in bilayer membranes of 1,2-dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC) or 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC). (uark.edu)
the preferred orientations and dynamics of membrane-spanning peptides. (uark.edu)

The assembly of integral membrane protein complexes is frequently supported by transmembrane domain (TMD) interactions. (cipsm.de)
Furthermore, chromatophore-localized biosynthetic pathways as well as multiprotein complexes include proteins of dual genetic origin, suggesting that mechanisms evolved that coordinate gene expression levels between chromatophore and nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
A nanobody-based strategy for rapid and scalable purification of human protein complexes. (stanford.edu)
Here, we present a streamlined workflow for the rapid production of proteins or protein complexes using lentiviral transduction of human suspension cells, combined with highly specific nanobody-mediated purification and proteolytic elution. (stanford.edu)
We demonstrate the wide applicability of the method by purifying multiple challenging soluble and membrane protein complexes to high purity from human cells. (stanford.edu)
Complex I is the first enzyme in the respiratory chain, a series of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. (gowebamerica.com)
Rafts may serve to cluster protein complexes, such as those involved in signal transduction, thereby facilitating signaling. (nih.gov)
In the case of oligomerization events, monomeric proteins are synthesized and inserted into the membrane, and these monomers subsequently interact in a side-to-side fashion to form complexes that involve helix-helix interactions similar to those found within polytopic helical membrane proteins. (yale.edu)

Aquaporins and aquaglyceroporins belong to the ancient superfamily of Major Intrinsic Proteins (MIPs) and facilitate passive transport of water and small solutes across membranes of various organisms [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Or is the structure of a single transmembrane helix diffusing freely in a membrane not necessarily very similar to the conformation in its bound state within a complex? (rosettacommons.org)
The alternative mechanism, where the β2AR conformation would be modulated by membrane-mediated interactions, plays only a minor role. (helsinki.fi)
The results highlight the capacity of lipids to regulate the conformation of membrane receptors through specific interactions. (helsinki.fi)
USA.gov. [15], The N2 cluster's proximity to a nearby cysteine residue results in a conformational change upon reduction in the nearby helices, leading to small but important changes in the overall protein conformation. (gowebamerica.com)
B) Side and top views of the prefusion structure of the 2019-nCoV S protein with a single RBD in the up conformation. (forbes.com)
The β-sheet conformation causes negative Gaussian curvature and membrane dehydration, which are required for membrane merger, while the α-helical conformation resides in low-curvature lamellar membranes and forms three-helix bundles. (lu.se)
We find that this domain is trimerized in the lipid membrane with a helix-turn-helix conformation, suggesting that this domain stabilizes the trimer structure of gp41 and promotes membrane curvature during the fusion process. (lu.se)

Secretory proteins exit the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in coat protein complex II (COPII)-coated vesicles and then progress through the Golgi complex before delivery to their final destination. (biologists.com)
I am a plant cell biologist and protein biochemist at Oxford Brookes University with expertise in the structure and function of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), membrane proteins and auxin biosynthesis using biochemical techniques as well as high-resolution live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)

Here, we present the BLaTM assay that measures homotypic as well as heterotypic TMD-TMD interactions in a bacterial membrane. (cipsm.de)
Cholesterol interactions with the receptor are apparently essential for stabilizing and maintaining its physiological architecture, since the transmembrane structure contracts, involving displacements of the helices at the outer membrane surface by ∼2 Å (1-3 Å), when this lipid is extracted. (iucr.org)
The combination of such self-organizational phenomena with canonical intermolecular interactions is most likely to control the release of membrane proteins from the ER into the secretory pathway. (biologists.com)
This process depends on the general physico-chemical features of the cargo membrane protein and on the interactions of these features with the collective properties of the bilayer, instead of the one-to-one intermolecular interactions that exist between discrete signals and their receptors. (biologists.com)
I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
Transmembrane (TM) helices of integral membrane proteins can facilitate strong and specific noncovalent protein-protein interactions. (cipsm.de)
It is therefore tempting to use the presence of these simple motifs as an indicator of TM helix interactions. (cipsm.de)
Wishing to probe the time dependence of interactions including enzyme kinetics, fibre assembly or protein insertion into membranes introduces an added dimension of complexity. (ukri.org)
One of the most important interactions that Nectin proteins engage in is with the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF), as this encourages tissue development and regeneration. (prospecbio.com)
However, there are no data showing how exactly the regulation emerges from specific lipid-protein interactions. (helsinki.fi)
Particular protein structures arise because of a potentially very complex interplay of interactions within a chain, with other chains (from other subunits in a multimeric protein or from chaperones or other biomolecules) and with the solvent which includes water, lipids, ions, small molecules. (stackexchange.com)
Analysis of the potential energy of interaction of a K+ ion as it was moved through the pore suggested that unfavourable interactions of the cation with the aligned helix dipoles at the N-terminal mouth were overcome by favourable ion-water interactions. (ox.ac.uk)

It is shown that cholesterol segregates preferentially around the receptors in both leaflets of the lipid bilayer, interacting robustly with specific transmembrane sites and creating a network of bridging microdomains. (iucr.org)
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane proteins that transmit the effects of extracellular ligands to effect changes in the intracellular G-protein signaling system. (gauss-centre.eu)
Proteins known as G protein-coupled receptors, or GPCRs for short, detect and respond to hormones and other signaling molecules found outside cells. (helsinki.fi)
Our most recent work in this area is to examine the association of transmembrane domains (TMs) involved in signaling by receptors that have a single TM, where the signaling mechanism is mediated by TM interaction. (yale.edu)

A conceptual underpinning for much of the work in the group is that, for helical transmembrane proteins, the protein folding process can be considered to occur in two kinetically separated and therefore energetically distinct stages. (yale.edu)

functional" genes encoding proteins such as late embryogenesis-associated proteins, detoxification enzymes, heat shock proteins and molecular chaperones, which directly protect plants from abiotic stress, and "regulatory" genes encoding proteins such as protein kinases and transcription factors (TFs), which have roles in the perception and transduction of stress signals. (biomedcentral.com)
A model of this assembly (PDB code IPSL) has been used as the starting point for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of a system consisting of the pentameric helix bundle, plus 217 water molecules located within and at either mouth of the pore. (ox.ac.uk)

Secretion across the inner membrane in some Gram-negative bacteria occurs via the preprotein translocase pathway. (wikipedia.org)
This model represents the TatB protein of a Sec-independent system for transporting folded proteins, often with a bound redox cofactor, across the bacterial inner membrane. (nih.gov)
They then export some of these proteins as well some mitochondrially-encoded proteins to the inter membrane space, or they insert them into the inner membrane. (tcdb.org)
Mitochondria inherited three inner membrane translocases Sec, TAT and Oxa1 (YidC) from its bacterial ancestor. (tcdb.org)
In mitochondria, it oxidizes NADH from the tricarboxylic acid cycle and β-oxidation, reduces ubiquinone, and transports protons across the inner membrane, contributing to the proton-motive force. (gowebamerica.com)

A novel gene encoding an integral membrane protein is mutated in nephropathic cystinosis. (embl.de)
CTNS encodes an integral membrane protein, cystinosin, with features of a lysosomal membrane protein. (embl.de)
Complex I is an L-shaped integral membrane protein. (gowebamerica.com)

From there, the mature proteins are either targeted to the outer membrane, or remain as periplasmic proteins. (wikipedia.org)
The coat on the budding vesicle comprises two layers, an inner layer of adaptor proteins (gray ovals) and an outer layer that forms a polyhedral cage. (biologists.com)
H. pylori attaches and colonizes to the human epithelium using some of their outer membrane proteins (OMPs). (nature.com)
Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of H. pylori play a crucial role in the host-pathogen interaction, virulence and pathogenesis. (nature.com)
Hom (Helicobacter outer membrane) family of OMPs in H. pylori consists of four members (HomA, B, C and D). In the H. pylori genome jhp 0870 open-reading frame (ORF) that codes for HomB outer membrane protein is associated with many stomach diseases and is a novel co-marker for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) 9 , 10 . (nature.com)
Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) are distinctive features of Gram-negative bacteria. (nature.com)
First the phage is met by the outer membrane (OM)-a barrier to surmount that also can be used as a convenient handgrip for adsorption. (asmblog.org)

If at least one of the helices had a different membrane topology, I could simply fuse them into a single polypeptide chain, which Rosetta could fold. (rosettacommons.org)
The problem is that all helices have the same membrane topology. (rosettacommons.org)
I tried to introduce a transmembrane helix of opposite topology to connect the other two helices. (rosettacommons.org)
Insertion of a membrane protein via the Oxa1p export machinery follows the 'positive-inside' rule for membrane protein topology. (tcdb.org)
Coupled with known strategies to control membrane protein topology, these findings may pave the way to de novo membrane protein design. (altmetric.com)
Here we report the first topology model of flavivirus NS2A on the ER membrane. (rcsb.org)

Here we use biochemical and cryoelectron microscopy analyses to show that the amino-terminal amphipathic helix of SecA and the ribosomal protein uL23 form a composite binding site for the transmembrane domain (TMD) on the nascent protein. (nih.gov)
The amphipathic alpha helical region of the processing enzymes may therefore serve dual functions: as a membrane anchor within lipid microdomains of the TGN and secretory granules, and as a sorting domain. (nih.gov)

Recent advances in biophysical methods have been able to shed more light on the structures of helical bundles formed by the transmembrane segments of bitopic membrane proteins. (huji.ac.il)
This assembly results in a spontaneous, essentially traceless splicing reaction that covalently links the two flanking protein segments through native chemical ligation 9 . (biorxiv.org)
In this work, we conducted a computational analysis of the composition and location of amino acids in transmembrane helices found in membrane proteins of known structure to obtain an extensive set of designed polypeptide segments with naturally occurring amino acid distributions. (altmetric.com)
Proteins have segments of their polypeptide chain/chains that can be repeatedly coiled or folded into helix and pleated structures, respectively. (stackexchange.com)

The translocase itself comprises 7 proteins, including a chaperone protein (SecB), an ATPase (SecA), an integral membrane complex (SecCY, SecE and SecG), and two additional membrane proteins that promote the release of the mature peptide into the periplasm (SecD and SecF). (wikipedia.org)
These proteins show similar domain architectures as known organelle-targeted expression regulators of the octotrico peptide repeat type in algae and plants. (frontiersin.org)
The latter facilitates the simultaneous use of two orthogonal split inteins within the same peptide or protein, an approach termed tandem protein trans-splicing (tPTS). (biorxiv.org)
Application of the method requires prior generation of a plasmid coding for a protein of interest (POI) fused to an N- or C-terminal GFP or ALFA peptide tag using a lentiviral plasmid toolkit we have designed. (stanford.edu)
We have previously observed the spontaneous, pH-dependent insertion of a water-soluble peptide to form a helix across lipid bilayers. (yale.edu)
We have now used a related peptide, pH (low) insertion peptide (pHLIP), to translocate cargo molecules attached to its C terminus across the plasma membranes of living cells. (yale.edu)
For the PIV5 fusion protein, the fusion peptide (FP) and the transmembrane domain (TMD) show striking membrane-dependent conformations. (lu.se)

There is evidence that lipids can be allosteric regulators of membrane protein structure and activation. (helsinki.fi)
Rafts are microdomains within cell membranes that are enriched in saturated lipids, such as sphingolipids, and cholesterol. (nih.gov)
For the more usual cases, when the helix azimuthal rotation shows little dependence on the host bilayer identity, excepting W18GWALP23, the transmembrane helixes adapt to different lipids primarily by changing the magnitude of their tilt. (uark.edu)

For membrane proteins, a third mechanism, based on the interaction of their transmembrane domain (TMD) with lipid microdomains, must also be considered. (biologists.com)
Finally, we show that membrane-embedded SecYEG promotes handover of the translating ribosome from SecA to the translocase via a concerted mechanism. (nih.gov)
Bacteria also export (to the periplasm) N-tails of membrane proteins synthesized without leader sequences by a Sec (Type IIPS)-independent mechanism. (tcdb.org)
The mechanism of action is based on the binding of cholesterol at specific high-affinity sites located near the transmembrane helices 5-7 of the receptor. (helsinki.fi)
The reaction can be reversed - referred to as aerobic succinate-supported NAD+ reduction by ubiquinol - in the presence of a high membrane potential, but the exact catalytic mechanism remains unknown. (gowebamerica.com)
The data represent the first direct determination of the cholesterol-binding structure of a membrane protein in lipid bilayers, and moreover indicate a specific mechanism by which cholesterol concentration gradients in the membrane drive the M2 protein to the neck of the budding virus to conduct membrane scission. (lu.se)
The EFHC1 protein is thought to help regulate the balance of calcium ions inside the cell, although the mechanism is unclear. (medlineplus.gov)

The matrix exposed C-terminal α-helical domain of Oxa1 can bind mitochondrial ribosomes to facilitate co-translational insertion of proteins into the mitochondrial membrane ( Jia et al . (tcdb.org)
The latter can replace E. coli YidC for Sec-independent insertion of proteins ( Bloois et al . (tcdb.org)
2001 ). Mitochondria have two, one for co-translational, and one for post-translational insertion of membrane proteins. (tcdb.org)
At different stages of the insertion process, conformational changes in YidC's TM domain and membrane core have a mechanistic effect on Pf3 coat protein insertion. (tcdb.org)
The efficiency of membrane insertion depends on transmembrane (TM) helix amino acid composition, the helix length and the position of the amino acids within the helix. (altmetric.com)

The three-dimensional structure of the channel-forming trans-membrane domain of virus protein "u" (Vpu) of HIV-1 was determined by NMR spectroscopy in micelle and bilayer samples. (rcsb.org)
In this Commentary, I review evidence in favor of the idea that partitioning of TMDs into bilayer domains that are endowed with distinct physico-chemical properties plays a pivotal role in the transport of membrane proteins within the early secretory pathway. (biologists.com)
2018 ). Through YidC, proteins are inserted into the lipid bilayer via the SecYEG-dependent complex, but YidC functions as a chaperone in protein folding processes. (tcdb.org)
2022 ). The YidC transmembrane (TM) groove is essential for a high- affinity interaction, and the hydrophilic nature of the YidC groove plays an important role in protein transport across the cytoplasmic membrane bilayer to the periplasmic side. (tcdb.org)
First, transbilayer alpha-helices are formed (stage I) and second, the helices interact within the bilayer to form a specific globular tertiary structure (stage II). (yale.edu)
By favoring locations within the membrane-water interface of the lipid bilayer, arom. (uark.edu)

Biophysical similarities lead to mistargeting of mitochondrial TA proteins to the ER, where they are delivered to the insertase, the ER membrane protein complex (EMC). (stanford.edu)
Mitochondria import nuclearly-encoded proteins, made in the cell cytoplasm, into the mitochondrial matrix where their mitochondrial targeting sequences are removed by proteolysis. (tcdb.org)
Mitochondrial TAT transports folded proteins in those eukaryotes with TatA and TatC subunits encoded in the mitochondrial genome. (tcdb.org)

The translocase protein subunits are encoded on the bacterial chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
The chaperone protein SecB is a highly acidic homotetrameric protein that exists as a "dimer of dimers" in the bacterial cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
A bacterial structure of the protein is known for the last two helices but is not included in the Pfam family due to it lacking the first four helices. (embl.de)

This family consists of various prokaryotic SecD and SecF protein export membrane proteins. (wikipedia.org)
In most gram-positive bacteria, this operon consists of five genes dltXABCD but the involvement of the first ORF ( dltX ) encoding a small protein of unknown function, has never been investigated. (frontiersin.org)

Here we present a new approach to incorporate single or multiple post-translational modifications or non-canonical amino acids into soluble and membrane proteins expressed in eukaryotic cells. (biorxiv.org)
but this includes many previously unknown effects at a variety of different levels, including post-translational changes in proteins and global cellular physiology. (biomedcentral.com)

There are over 800 different GPCRs in human cells, making them the largest family of cell surface proteins. (helsinki.fi)

At the end of rapid growth, a co-ordinated transient up-regulation of about 100 genes, including many for ribosomal proteins, was seen in the parent strain but not the Δ bldA mutant. (biomedcentral.com)

Zinc ions have shown antiviral properties, but a key issue for their use for antiviral therapy is its difficulty, as a divalent metal ion, to cross the cell membrane and thus reach its targets inside the cell. (gauss-centre.eu)
The GABA A receptor acts as a channel that allows negatively charged chlorine atoms (chloride ions) to cross the cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)
This protein allows positively charged calcium ions to cross the cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)

We confirmed that eukaryotes have relatively more long proteins than prokaryotes and archaes, and that the overall amino acid composition is similar among the three. (rostlab.org)

The structure of the Escherichia coli SecYEG assembly revealed a sandwich of two membranes interacting through the extensive cytoplasmic domains. (wikipedia.org)
Structure of the ACh receptor in Torpedo postsynaptic membrane. (iucr.org)
c ) The 5.8 Å density map and superimposed 2.7 Å structure of the Torpedo receptor (PDB entry 6uwz ) obtained from detergent-solubilized protein complexed with α -bungarotoxin. (iucr.org)
Structure predictions suggested that the gene product, cystinosin, is a novel integral lysosomal membrane protein. (embl.de)
The isolation of proteins in high yield and purity is a major bottleneck for the analysis of their three-dimensional structure, function and interactome. (stanford.edu)
Fibrous protein structure, kinetics and dynamics with particular application to 1.1. (ukri.org)
Comparison of mouse and humanbc10 genomic loci revealed an intronless organization of the coding region inboth species as well as a highly conserved structure having 91% and 100% identityat the DNA (coding region) and protein levels, respectively. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The structure of the H-protein coiled-coil tube. (asmblog.org)
My guess is that one structure (either a helix or pleated structure) is lower in potential energy compared to the other (because one structure likely maximises the number of hydrogen bonds that can form, compared to the other), which begs the question, why do both structures form, if they are largely a result of hydrogen bonds in the polypeptide backbone, rather than only one structure forming? (stackexchange.com)
The structure reveals how the proteins of the Mce1 system assemble to form an elongated ABC transporter complex that is long enough to span the cell envelope. (bvsalud.org)
1) We have investigated the structure of the membrane-interacting domains of the fusion proteins of the parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (lu.se)
2) For the HIV fusion protein gp41, we have determined the oligomeric structure of the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) and the TMD. (lu.se)
HN - 2008 BX - Lateral Sinus MH - Atrial Septum UI - D054087 MN - A07.541.459.249 MS - The thin membrane-like muscular structure separating the right and the left upper chambers (HEART ATRIA) of a heart. (bvsalud.org)

Indeed, most live cell applications of PTS utilize single split inteins for the purpose of N/C-terminal tagging 16 - 18 or manipulating protein assembly/expression 19 , 20 . (biorxiv.org)
WNK1 is an assembly factor for the human ER membrane protein complex. (stanford.edu)
Flavivirus nonstructural protein 2A (NS2A) is a component of the viral replication complex that functions in virion assembly and antagonizes the host immune response. (rcsb.org)

막 지질(membrane lipid)처럼 대부분의 막 단백질은 친수성(hydrophilic) 영역과 소수성(hydrophobic) 영역을 지니고 있습니다. (jove.com)
The Mce1 complex is dominated by a curved, needle-like domain that appears to be unrelated to previously described protein structures, and creates a protected hydrophobic pathway for lipid transport across the periplasm. (bvsalud.org)

Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing CTNS domain. (embl.de)
The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with CTNS domain is also avaliable . (embl.de)
Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing CTNS domain in the selected taxonomic class. (embl.de)
The NAC domain was deduced from three previously characterized proteins, petunia NAM (no apical meristem), Arabidopsis thaliana ATAF1/2 ( Arabidopsis thaliana activation factor 1/2) and CUC2 (cup-shaped cotyledon) [ 13 , 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Besides these domains, there is also one transmembrane helix and an intracellular domain. (prospecbio.com)
The intracellular domain enables the protein to bind a scaffold protein known as adafin. (prospecbio.com)
We also found that sorting of PC1 is mostly dependent on a transmembrane domain (aa617-638). (nih.gov)
This domain is found in sodium, potassium, and calcium ion channels proteins. (embl.de)
In some Na channel proteins the domain is repeated four times, whereas in others (e.g. (embl.de)
The targets in the Spike protein are the primary receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the secondary N-terminal domain (NTD). (forbes.com)

CrMP-Sol also presents QTY-enabled water-soluble designs to facilitate native membrane protein studies despite natural hydrophobicity. (mit.edu)
Specifically, the team used JUWELs to simulate how the TPC protein-also prevalent in the human body-helps facilitate information sharing between different parts of a plant in responding to changes in temperature, light, or other conditions that can affect growth. (gauss-centre.eu)
The major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) facilitate the transport of water and neutral solutes across the lipid bilayers. (biomedcentral.com)

Thefull-length bc10 cDNA contains a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 263 bp and encodes a protein composed of 87 amino acids that has no homology to any of theknown protein families. (embl-heidelberg.de)
They are classified into 5 groups according to substrate specificity and internal homology: collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, membrane-type MMPs, and others, including matrilysins 8 . (bvsalud.org)

The tat system recognizes proteins with an elongated signal sequence containing a conserved R-R in a motif approximated by RRxFLK N-terminal to the transmembrane helix. (nih.gov)
However, the actual interaction strength of motif-containing helices depends strongly on sequence context and membrane properties. (cipsm.de)
Upon adsorption, these proteins exit the capsid in a specific sequence ahead of the DNA to form a tube. (asmblog.org)
This sequence is raft associated and sufficient to target PC1 (its native molecule) or a reporter protein to the regulated secretory pathways. (nih.gov)
Twenty eight (46.7%) of the proteins encoded by this virus exhibit sequence similarity to coliphage T7 proteins while 34 (81.0%) are similar to proteins of Pseudomonas phage gh-1. (biomedcentral.com)
Today, phage genome sequencing is commonly performed for classification and characterization purposes and is based on the arrangement of conserved genes and the nucleotide and protein sequence identity [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The proteins have 6 transmembrane helices in which the last two helices flank a loop which determines ion selectivity. (embl.de)
amino acids often flank the transmembrane alpha helixes of integral membrane proteins. (uark.edu)

The monomeric complex contains 15 transmembrane helices. (wikipedia.org)

Its streamlined genome of 5386 nts encodes only 11 proteins. (asmblog.org)

We also develop alpaca-derived and synthetic nanobodies as tools to modulate intracellular pathways that globally regulate protein homeostasis in health and disease. (stanford.edu)

In multipass membrane proteins, GxxxG motifs can be important for protein folding, and not just oligomerization. (cipsm.de)

Using a number of techniques such as pulse-chase, subcellular fractionation, lipid analysis by quantitative TLC and fluorescence immunocytochemistry, we have demonstrated that cholesterol is the most abundant lipid in the membranes of the TGN and secretory granules, and that the function of CPE as a sorting receptor is dependent on cholesterol. (nih.gov)

SecB maintains preproteins in an unfolded state after translation, and targets these to the peripheral membrane protein ATPase SecA for secretion. (wikipedia.org)
In Escherichia coli, the essential ATPase SecA was found to cotranslationally target a subset of nascent membrane proteins to the SecYEG translocase at the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)

Thus the MIP members show conservation in helix-helix interfaces and diversity in aromatic/arginine selectivity filters. (biomedcentral.com)

Because the approach can introduce virtually any chemical modification into both intracellular and extracellular regions of target proteins, we anticipate that it will overcome some of the drawbacks of other semi-synthetic or ribosome-dependent methods to engineer proteins. (biorxiv.org)

This added-on conduit extends T7's basic 23 nm long tail to 40-55 nm, long enough to easily bridge the periplasm and penetrate the cell membrane (CM). These ejected proteins do more than just extend the tail. (asmblog.org)

The backbone dynamics of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) transmembrane helix was compared to those of other transmembrane domains. (cipsm.de)

Each membrane is composed of dimers of SecYEG. (wikipedia.org)
All nectins are capable of forming homo-cis dimers so that two similar molecules exist on the same membrane. (prospecbio.com)

This latter export pathway requires the membrane potential. (tcdb.org)
The chloroplast albino 3 (ALB3) protein appears to integrate the light harvesting chlorophyll-binding protein into thylakoid membranes using a pathway that is distinct from the chloroplast Sec translocation pathway. (tcdb.org)

The protein is a small globular protein containing two transmembrane helices, and it is a multiply edited transcript. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Finally, the structures of the best characterized instances of transmembrane α-helical bundles formed by bitopic membrane proteins are described in detail. (huji.ac.il)
Native and redesigned proteins exhibited highly similar characteristics, predicted structures and binding pockets, and slightly different docking poses against known ligands, although task-specific designs are still required for proteins more susceptible to internal hydrogen bond formations. (mit.edu)
These numbers may or may not suggest that there are 1200-2600 folds in the universe of protein structures. (rostlab.org)
Crystal structures often deviate from the natural system: Proteins, especially membrane-bound ones, do not necessarily crystallize in their biologically active structures and the measures needed to obtain suitable GPCR crystals tend to increase the diversity between the natural environment and the crystal. (gauss-centre.eu)
The high-resolution structures of several members of MIP family have been determined and are available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
I assume it wasn't what you intended to say because not the hydrogen bonds form helix/pleated structures, but the proteins. (stackexchange.com)
We are interested in how the primary sequences of membrane proteins determine their three dimensional structures, and hence their functions. (yale.edu)

The SecDF protein of B. subtilis has 12 putative transmembrane domains. (wikipedia.org)
There are 17604 CTNS domains in 9802 proteins in SMART's nrdb database. (embl.de)
Out of 25 patients with infantile nephropathic cystinosis, 12 have two severely truncating mutations, which is consistent with a loss of functional protein, and 13 have missense or in-frame deletions, which would result in disruption of transmembrane domains and loss of protein function. (embl.de)
There are 0 BC10 domains in 0 proteins in SMART's nrdb database. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Each of the three is composed of two subunits: S1, the membrane distal region, including the receptor-binding and N-terminal domains, and S2, the membrane-proximal protein. (forbes.com)

We hypothesize that these proteins are involved in modulating membrane permeability. (frontiersin.org)

세포막(cell membrane) 또는 원형질막(plasma membrane)은 끊임없이 변화하는 풍경과 같습니다. (jove.com)
Plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), Nod26-like intrinsic protein (NIPs) and small and basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs) are subfamilies of plant MIPs. (biomedcentral.com)
Phylogenetic analysis of plant MIP sequences revealed four major subfamilies: the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs) and small and basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs). (biomedcentral.com)

My additional independent research on ER localisation and splicing in auxin biosynthesis showed for the first time ER-localisation for an auxin biosynthetic protein. (brookes.ac.uk)

The substrate specificity of SIP proteins has not been studied in detail. (biomedcentral.com)

Diagram of membrane protein containing 3 transmembrane helices, an external N terminus and an internal carboxy terminus. (cdc.gov)
Ballesteros ML , Sanchez CM , Enjuanes L . Two amino acid changes at the N-terminus of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus spike protein result in the loss of enteric tropism. (cdc.gov)

The postsynaptic membrane, apposing the pre-synaptic nerve terminal, is where transmitter-gated ion channels are concentrated. (iucr.org)
A research team led by Prof. Holger Gohlke at the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf is using supercomputing resources at the Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) to better understand so-called hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels, which serve as crucial ion channels in the membrane for controlling electric pulses in the brain and heart, among other fundamental processes in the body. (gauss-centre.eu)
Channels formed by the transmembrane helix of phospholamban: a simulation study. (ox.ac.uk)
Phospholamban is a small membrane protein which can form cation selective ion channels in lipid bilayers. (ox.ac.uk)
K channels) the protein forms a tetramer in the membrane. (embl.de)
A family of transmembrane proteins that function primarily as calcium-activated chloride channels. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy29

Organisms13

Chemicals and Drugs105

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment37

Phenomena and Processes73

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science7

Health Care1

Characterized by a single transmembrane1

Residues13

Structural14

Subunit6

Alpha-helix3

Peptides5

Complexes8

Superfamily1

Conformation7

Endoplasmic reticulum2

Interactions13

Receptors4

Helical transmembrane1

Molecular2

Inner membrane5

Integral membran3

Outer7

Topology6

Amphipathic2

Segments4

Peptide7

Lipids3

Mechanism7

Insertion5

Bilayer6

Mitochondrial3

Bacterial3

Consists2

Post-translational2

Cell surface proteins1

Ribosomal Proteins1

Cross the cell membrane3

Amino acid composition1

Structure13

Assembly3

Hydrophobic2

Domain10

Facilitate3

Homology2

Sequence6

Flank2

Monomeric1

Encodes1

Pathways1

Oligomerization1

Secretory1

ATPase SecA2

Selectivity1

Intracellular1

Periplasm1

Dynamics1

Dimers2

Pathway2

Globular1

Structures7

Domains5

Permeability1

Plasma membrane3

Biosynthesis1

Substrate specificity1

Terminus2

Channels6