• Transport is fully reversible, and its directionality is governed by the concentrations of its substrates (ADP and ATP inside and outside mitochondria), the chelators of the adenine nucleotides, and the mitochondrial membrane potential. (wikipedia.org)
  • ATP/ADP turnover and import of glycolytic ATP into mitochondria in cancer cells is independent of the adenine nucleotide translocator. (musc.edu)
  • Neuroinflammation is a process characterised by drastic changes in microglial morphology and by marked upregulation of the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) on the mitochondria. (springeropen.com)
  • The original model of the MPTP that proposed the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) as the inner membrane pore-forming component was challenged when mitochondria from Ant1/2 double null mouse liver still had MPTP activity. (peixotolab.org)
  • Adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT), also known as the ADP/ATP translocase (ANT), ADP/ATP carrier protein (AAC) or mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier, exchanges free ATP with free ADP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • ATP and ADP are the only natural nucleotides recognized by the translocase. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this tutorial article, we review the current concepts related to the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases and give a glance on the status of PET imaging of 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) tracers in neuroinflammation of the living brain, with the aim of providing a basis for future discussions on the development of TSPO tracers for the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. (springeropen.com)
  • The relationship of these parameters can be expressed by an equation solving for the 'reversal potential of the ANT" (Erev_ANT), a value of the mitochondrial membrane potential at which no net transport of adenine nucleotides takes place by the ANT. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, evaluating the precise effects of dR on neuronal functions in cultured cells under physiological conditions over a long period of time is difficult. (nature.com)
  • Associations of DPP9 with human liver cancer, exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DPP9 and loss of function (LoF) variants have not been explored. (preprints.org)
  • To study inflammasome function, Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/adenine triphosphate (ATP) induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation was induced in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) isolated from wild mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, it has recently become clear that rapamycin and other rapalogs, which for a long time have been viewed (and used in the clinic) as pure immunosuppressants, can mediate robust immunostimulatory functions, at least in some circumstances. (impactaging.com)
  • Over the previous couple of a long time, DNA proof has develop into a really highly effective tool in forensics, however it additionally has its limitations. (scalegen.com)
  • To better assess this autophagic flux, destruction of long-lived meats was tested, which are at least in part degraded by autophagy reportedly.27, 28, 29 In contract, obviously activated degradation of these long-lived proteins after 14 rapamycin?h (Body 2d). (ampkpathway.com)
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases are a family of DNA-dependent nuclear enzymes catalyzing the transfer of ADP-ribose moieties from cellular nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide to a variety of target proteins. (nih.gov)