• However, the term "mitosis" is also used in a broad sense by some authors to refer to karyokinesis and cytokinesis together. (wikipedia.org)
  • The primary result of mitosis and cytokinesis is the transfer of a parent cell's genome into two daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Plk1 belongs to a family of conserved serine/threonine kinases with a polo-box domain and plays a critical role in the initiation of mitosis, centrosome maturation, bipolar spindle formation, and cytokinesis. (nature.com)
  • CDC2 is a catalytic subunit of the highly conserved protein kinase complex known as M-phase promoting factor (MPF) , which is essential for G1/S and G2/M phase transitions of eukaryotic cell cycle. (caslab.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a putative serine/threonine kinase that localizes to the mitotic apparatus and complexes with cell cycle controller CDC2 kinase in early mitosis. (cancerindex.org)
  • 2) the two sister DNA molecules remain tightly associated with each other from the moment of DNA replication until the metaphase-anaphase transition of the subsequent mitosis. (europa.eu)
  • The presence of a single, lagging chromosome is sufficient to activate the checkpoint, producing a delay at the metaphase-anaphase transition until the last spindle attachment is made. (columbia.edu)
  • In yeast and mammalian cells, the catalytic disruption of Topo IIα is reported to induce a delay in mitosis. (ku.edu)
  • Because each resultant daughter cell should be genetically identical to the parent cell, the parent cell must make a copy of each chromosome before mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Understanding the "active chromosome" and how chromosome morphology influences mitosis is pivotal to the understanding of novel routes to mitotic defects and causes for aneuploidy. (europa.eu)
  • I will develop experimental conditions to mimic different degrees of "cohesion fatigue" (partial loss of sister chromatid cohesion), as well as a variety of abnormalities in chromosome structure and size and quantitatively evaluate how chromosome cohesion and condensation influence chromosome dynamics and signaling of the surveillance mechanism that control mitosis (the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint). (europa.eu)
  • Further studies showed that P5091 induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and particularly induced chromosome misalignment, indicating the key roles of USP7 in mitosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By overexpressing PLK1, USP7 that had been depleted by RNAi ceased to induce chromosome misalignment in mitosis and again supported cell proliferation and cell survival. (biomedcentral.com)
  • USP7 inhibition induces cell apoptosis and cell cycle G2/M arrest, and overcomes taxane resistance by inducing the protein degradation of PLK1, resulting in chromosome misalignment in mitosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The human rotamase or peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 is a conserved mitotic regulator essential for the G2/M transition of the eukaryotic cell cycle. (rcsb.org)
  • Most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • 282, 32053-32064), a key regulator of mitosis, suggesting a possible role for hMDC1 in controlling normal cell cycle progression. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The compound blocks cell division (mitosis) by binding to a structural protein, vimentin, that is produced abundantly in mesenchymal-type cells. (scripps.edu)
  • Follow-up molecular biology studies revealed that the compound blocks mitosis in the FOXC2-expressing cancer cells by binding to a structural protein called vimentin, produced principally in mesenchymal cell types. (scripps.edu)
  • A drug that blocks mitosis by targeting vimentin should be less toxic than traditional chemotherapeutic drugs that targets cell-division," Lairson said. (scripps.edu)
  • Our results show that a) most CD30+ cells in HD exhibit abortive mitoses, with a highly significant arrest at the metaphase-ana/telophase transition, and b) many of these elements, i.e. mainly H-RS cells, show fragmentation of nuclear DNA, suggesting imminent or actual death. (nih.gov)
  • Surface functions during mitosis I: phagocytosis, pinocytosis and mobility of surface bound Con A. Cell 15: 327-341. (uconn.edu)
  • Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • C ) Expansion of both the undifferentiated (A spermatogonia) and differentiated (A1 spermatogonia) spermatogonial populations occurs by mitosis of these cell types, regulated in part by FSH. (jci.org)
  • When cells pass from S to G 2 , the nuclei migrate toward the VZ surface where mitosis occurs. (jneurosci.org)
  • In addition, Plk1 also prevented partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) of tubular epithelial cells via autophagy pathway. (nature.com)
  • Myofibroblast activation and partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) are the key steps of fibrosis that synthesize and deposit extracellular matrix and progressively destroy kidney structure [ 3 , 4 ]. (nature.com)
  • In their study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , the TSRI researchers showed that the new compound, FiVe1, blocks the growth of tumor cells that have undergone what researchers call the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process common in breast, colon, lung and other epithelial cell-derived tumors-known as carcinomas. (scripps.edu)
  • regulates homologous recombination-dependent repair by phosphorylating BRCA2, this phosphorylation is low in S phase when recombination is active, but increases as cells progress towards mitosis. (proteopedia.org)
  • Here, we extend this work to show that hMDC1 regulates normal metaphase-to-anaphase transition through its ability to bind directly to the APC/C and modulate its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We suggest therefore that hMDC1 functionally regulates the normal metaphase-to-anaphase transition by modulating the Cdc20-dependent activation of the APC/C. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The different stages of mitosis altogether define the mitotic (M) phase of a cell cycle-the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells genetically identical to each other. (wikipedia.org)
  • Producing three or more daughter cells instead of the normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). (wikipedia.org)
  • In animal cells, cell division with mitosis was discovered in frog, rabbit, and cat cornea cells in 1873 and described for the first time by the Polish histologist Wacław Mayzel in 1875. (wikipedia.org)
  • Percentages of CD30+ cells that entered mitosis and those with DNA strand breaks were of a similar order of magnitude and correlated significantly in a linear fashion. (nih.gov)
  • It is required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis. (caslab.com)
  • The compound, in addition to blocking mitosis, caused EMT-transformed breast cancer cells to quickly revert to a lower-grade, epithelial appearance. (scripps.edu)
  • Further lab-dish tests showed that FiVe1 irreversibly blocks mitosis in several other EMT-transformed cancer cell lines, as well as in tumor cells originating from muscle, fat, cartilage and other mesenchymal tissues. (scripps.edu)
  • After mitosis, daughter cells can either remain proliferative and re-enter the cell cycle or become terminally postmitotic and migrate out of the VZ ( McConnell, 1995 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Plk1 protein and activity are low in G1, accumulate during S and G2/M phases, and are rapidly reduced in the late stages of mitosis [ 7 ]. (nature.com)
  • Maynard Smith, J. & Szathmáry, E. 1995: The major transitions in evolution. (elte.hu)
  • The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nucleating activity did not change discernibly throughout interphase but increased approximately fivefold at the transition to mitosis. (rupress.org)
  • Cohesion is established during DNA replication, is partially dismantled in many, but not all, organisms during prophase, and is finally destroyed at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition. (nih.gov)
  • Aurora B is a catalytic component of CPC and its precise centromeric recruitment is essential for timely metaphase to anaphase transition. (ku.edu)
  • The Transition Program is an accelerated university preparation program which provides a pathway to study at UNSW Sydney. (edu.au)
  • The Transition Program is for students who narrowly missed the academic requirements for direct entry into their chosen bachelor's degree. (edu.au)
  • When you successfully complete the Transition Program, and meet the grade point average (GPA) and English language requirements, you will gain entry to your chosen UNSW bachelor's degree. (edu.au)
  • If you're planning to study a Foundation Studies program or a Transition Program, you will need to choose the stream which aligns to your preferred degree. (edu.au)
  • Fraternal and egalitarian major transitions. (elte.hu)