Transcription gene cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Esg acts through the Notch signaling pathway to repress differentiation-related genes in the Drosophila gut. (wikipedia.org)
Drosophila insulin-like peptide signaling pathway is required for the differentiation of dividing cyst stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Esg overexpression enhances the activity of imaginal morphogenesis protein-late 2 (ImpL2) (fly homolog of mammalian insulin-like growth factor binding protein IGFBP7), which is required to prevent the differentiation of dividing cyst stem cells and there by maintains the cyst stem cells in stem cell state. (wikipedia.org)
The Snail family members snail, esg and worniu are involved in forming variable structures in D. melanogaster by functioning in several cellular process like cell behavior, cell shape, cell asymmetric divisions, cell fate regulation and cell differentiation, while D. melanogaster scratch mainly promotes neural cell fate. (wikipedia.org)
ELF3 mediates IL-1α induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to inflammatory iCAFs. (nih.gov)
This family, which includes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), plays a pivotal role in normal cell growth, lineage determination, repair, and functional differentiation. (medscape.com)
Gene expression must be appropriately maintained to regulate development, differentiation, and proliferation of cells. (intechopen.com)
TP53 protein can induce cell growth arrest, apoptosis, differentiation and DNA repair, and activate or inhibit the expression of downstream genes such as Bax and CDKN1A ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The lab is also characterizing members of a novel THAP domain protein family regarding their roles in gene regulation, chromatin signaling, cell growth and differentiation and cancer. (northwestern.edu)
and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is involved in p53 pathways and is implicated in cell death/survival signaling, the cell cycle, and differentiation, thereby playing a regulatory role in carcinogenesis [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Notably, it promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
Embryogenesis involves orchestrated processes of cell proliferation and differentiation. (biologists.com)
Embryogenesis depends on the timely proliferation of progenitor cells and their subsequent differentiation into multiple cell types. (biologists.com)
Regulation of the timing of cell differentiation and cell fate choice are key issues for making organs of the right size, shape and cell composition. (biologists.com)
In many organs, cell proliferation and differentiation are antagonistically regulated by multiple basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) activator and repressor genes. (biologists.com)
For example, in the developing nervous system of mouse embryos,progenitor cells proliferate and sequentially give rise to different types of cells by changing their differentiation competency. (biologists.com)
In this primer, we describe the key features of Hes factors and detail their roles in some representative processes of embryogenesis: namely, in the development of the nervous and digestive systems, two well-characterized processes, where Hes1 (and Hes3 and Hes5 in the nervous system) regulates cell proliferation and differentiation, and in the process of somite segmentation, where Hes7 functions as a biological clock. (biologists.com)
ChIRP-seq of candidate lncRNAs revealed that lncRNA occupancy sites within the parasite genome are focal and sequence-specific with a particular enrichment for several parasite-specific gene families, including those involved in pathogenesis, erythrocyte remodeling, and regulation of sexual differentiation. (biorxiv.org)
Likewise, they have the ability to activate the angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of the main cell types involved in skin regeneration. (frontiersin.org)
Let-7 Let-7 has an essential role in cell cycle and the differentiation of cell cycle terminals. (ukessays.com)
The score is based on the microarray-based expression of 22 genes involved in androgen receptor signaling, cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and immune modulation. (medscape.com)
M, Peterson C. 2018 Haematopoietic stem suggests that during differentiation a stem cell approaches a stable equili- cells: entropic landscapes of differentiation. (lu.se)
Single cells in these populations exhibit different com- stem cell differentiation, Shannon information binations of regulator activity that suggest the presence of multiple theory, entropy configurations of a potential differentiation network as a result of multiple entry points into the committed state. (lu.se)
Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)

We have learned that genes in mammalian cells are transcribed into messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are to be translated into polypeptides (proteins). (intechopen.com)
In particular, we will discuss the modifications in intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways caused by proteins encoded by HPV early genes. (mdpi.com)
One of Chakravarti's major research interests is to determine the mechanisms of steroid hormone and vitamin signaling with special emphasis on the role of the nuclear hormone receptor co-regulatory proteins in gene transcription. (northwestern.edu)
Chakravarti's laboratory identifies and characterizes the role of chromatin signal transducer proteins including the recently identified INHAT proteins in gene regulation. (northwestern.edu)
These studies are important because they identify these proteins as key transducers of chromatin signaling during cell cycle progression. (northwestern.edu)
We, in a dogma changing study demonstrated that key cell cycle genes are regulated by HCFC1 cofactor recruitment not by the E2F proteins but by a THAP11-ZNF143 transcriptional complex. (northwestern.edu)
Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of miR-34a and 11 of its bioinformatically selected target genes and proteins to test their potential dysregulation in RCC. (hindawi.com)
Cell cycle proteins are altered in differently in HPV-positive and HPV-negative cancers, suggesting that treating these cancers should be treated according to their subtype. (cancer.gov)
p53 affects the transcription of many target genes and interacts with key cellular proteins. (molvis.org)
HCF-1 interacts with proteins called transcription factors, which attach (bind) to specific regions of DNA and help control the activity of particular genes. (medlineplus.gov)
T he presence and activity of various proteins are required in the cell cycle progression. (ukessays.com)
This protein is an essential part (subunit) of a group of proteins known as the general transcription factor 2 H (TFIIH) complex. (medlineplus.gov)

and positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. (nih.gov)
The regulation of transcription of histone genes differs between eukaryotes. (news-medical.net)
In this study, we report a central role of the transcription factor, early growth response-1 (EGR1), in the regulation of HDAC inhibitor-induced apoptotic cell death in synovial sarcoma. (nature.com)
Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. (cancerindex.org)
It may participate in the regulation of transcription through its binding with the zinc-finger transcription factor YY1. (cancerindex.org)
The protein product of the murine double minute gene 2 (mdm-2) plays a central role in the regulation of p53. (lu.se)
Focus of my research for the last 10 years has been on gene regulation, initially based on transcription factors, promoters and enhancers, but increasingly also including epigenetics, in particular histone modifications. (ntnu.edu)
Transcription factor involved in the regulation of the insulin signaling pathway. (prosci-inc.com)
Also involved in negative regulation of the cell cycle. (prosci-inc.com)
Zhao J, Kennedy BK, Lawrence BD, Barbie DA, Matera AG, Fletcher JA, Harlow E. NPAT links cyclin E-Cdk2 to the regulation of replication-dependent histone gene transcription. (proteopedia.org)
The complex life cycle of Plasmodium falciparum requires coordinated gene expression regulation to allow host cell invasion, transmission, and immune evasion. (biorxiv.org)
1) The regulation of these protein levels is vital for the understanding of the cell cycle control and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)
1) For example, the down-regulation of miR15s and miR - 16 - 1 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, prostate cancer and pituitary tumours, leading to the inhibition of tumour growth and induce cell cycle arrest at the G 1 - phase by target cell cycle regulators ( cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin D3 and CDK6). (ukessays.com)
Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)
Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)
Principles for regulation of gene expression through intercellular signalling. (lu.se)
Gene regulation in developmental biology and the cell cycle. (lu.se)

We found that the total transcript level per cell and the expression of most individual genes correlated with progression through the cell cycle, but not with cell size. (frontiersin.org)
The molecular processes behind cell cycle progression have been dissected by numerous morphological studies on live or fixed single cells using a plethora of techniques to visualize components and processes during cell division. (frontiersin.org)
Our extensive molecular and genome wide studies as well as analysis of human cancer samples suggest that WDR5-H3T11P interaction integrates epigenetic cross talk in driving androgen receptor target gene expression, prostate cancer cell proliferation and disease progression. (northwestern.edu)
These findings indicate miR-34a along with its putative target genes could play a role in RCC tumorigenesis and progression. (hindawi.com)
HCF-1 helps regulate genes that are important in other cellular processes, such as progression of cells through the step-by-step process it takes to replicate themselves (called the cell cycle). (medlineplus.gov)
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are serine/threonine protein kinases that act as key regulatory elements in cell cycle progression. (proteopedia.org)
Esco1 and Esco2 regulate distinct cohesin functions during cell cycle progression. (genscript.com)
Polaris consists of measurement of mRNA levels of 46 genes, comprising 31 genes involved in cell cycle progression and 15 housekeeping genes by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), that is scored on a 10-point scale and gives the score percentile within the patient's NCCN risk profile. (medscape.com)
May be a transcription factor involved in regulating the expression of genes active in the S phase during cell cycle progression in T cells. (lu.se)
Immunohistochemical identification of molecular genetic events in the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell squamous-cell carcinoma enables early detection of lesions with the potential for malignant progression, thus permitting timely intervention 1,2 . (bvsalud.org)
The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)

Taken together, our findings indicate that SS18-SSX-mediated attenuation of an EGR1-PTEN network regulates synovial sarcoma cell survival, and that HDAC inhibitor-mediated apoptosis operates at least in part through reactivation of this pathway. (nature.com)
The ability of the host to trigger apoptosis in infected cells is perhaps the most powerful tool by which viruses can be cleared from the host organism. (mdpi.com)
To avoid elimination by this mechanism, human papillomaviruses (HPV) have developed several mechanisms that enable the cells they infect to elude both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
In this manuscript, we review the current literature regarding how HPV-infected cells avoid apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms involved in these events. (mdpi.com)
Many of the current efforts regarding anti-cancer drug development are focused on directing tumor cells to undergo apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
This protein can also down-regulate p53 function and thus modulate cell growth and apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
Low levels of pyruvate induced by a positive feedback loop protects cholangiocarcinoma cells from apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
In the present study, we analyzed the proliferation and apoptosis of trophoblasts and human decidual cells in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion and the related cellular pathway mechanism. (spandidos-publications.com)
The mechanism of recurrent abortion is considered to be related to the proliferation and apoptosis of human decidual cells and cytotrophoblasts ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present study, we comparatively analyzed the cell apoptosis and cell signaling pathways of healthy patients and those with recurrent spontaneous abortion, providing a theoretical basis for clinical treatment. (spandidos-publications.com)
p53 is a transcription factor that participates in cell cycle checkpoint processes and apoptosis. (lu.se)
p53 participates in relevant aspects of cell biology, including apoptosis and cell cycle control and must be strictly regulated to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. (molvis.org)
Compound 51 inhibited the proliferation of 13 out of 15 cancer cell lines with IC50 values between 0.27 and 6.9 muM, which correlated with the complete suppression of retinoblastoma phosphorylation and the onset of apoptosis. (proteopedia.org)

The gene was screened for mutations by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. (nih.gov)
Blue squares indicate phenotypes directly attributed to mutations/alleles of this gene. (jax.org)
Mutations in this gene have been associated with an autosomal dominant form of cognitive disability and with autism spectrum disorder. (nih.gov)
These alterations can take the form of epigenetic modifications, point mutations, translocations, amplifications or deletions and modify gene functions in ways that deregulate cellular signalling pathways leading to the cancer phenotype. (bmj.com)
Several HCFC1 gene variants (also known as mutations) have been identified in people with methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria, cblX type, which is one form of a disorder that causes developmental delay, eye defects, neurological problems, and blood abnormalities. (medlineplus.gov)
Title: Sequencing of candidate chromosome instability genes in endometrial cancers reveals somatic mutations in ESCO1, CHTF18, and MRE11A. (genscript.com)
For example, in the hereditary cancer syndromes familial adenomatous polyposis or hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, mutations have been discovered in the APC gene and DNA mismatch repair genes. (medscape.com)
Expression of p63 is almost exclusively restricted to epithelial cells, mutations in this gene are infrequent, and its expression is increased in a variety of solid tumors, particularly those of the head and neck area 12,13 . (bvsalud.org)

GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies ( Molecular Function , Biological Process , and Cellular Component ), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)
Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes. (yeastgenome.org)
Disease Annotations consist of three mandatory components: a gene product, a term from the Disease Ontology (DO) controlled vocabulary and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)
Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that these genes were mainly enriched in estrogen signaling pathways, ovarian steroidogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum protein processing pathways. (bvsalud.org)

A cyclin E-CDK2 substrate called NPAT has been found to be associated with histone gene clusters, and cyclin E-CDK2 bolsters activation of histone gene transcription by NPAT. (news-medical.net)
Cyclin E/CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of NPAT at G1-S transition and until prophase stimulates the NPAT-mediated activation of histone gene transcription during S phase. (proteopedia.org)

With the release of a genome wide SNPs database, it has become feasible to analyse these genetically determined QTLs for genes polymorphic in these strains. (bmj.com)
1996). Expression of Egr-1 correlates with the transformed phenotype and the type of viral latency in EBV genome positive lymphoid cell lines. (nature.com)
We are currently determining genome-wide epigenomic and transcription factor signatures that define uterine fibrosis. (northwestern.edu)
Cohesin recruits the Esco1 acetyltransferase genome wide to repress transcription and promote cohesion in somatic cells. (genscript.com)
In eukaryotes, many lncRNAs have been identified and shown to be pivotal regulators of genome structure and gene expression. (biorxiv.org)

These studies are highly significant because it changes the paradigm that E2F mediated HCFC1 recruitment is critical for expression of cell cycle target genes, and raises the possibility that E2F participates in this process by recruiting factors other than HCFC1, thereby promoting new directions of research in this highly active field. (northwestern.edu)

The ubiquitously expressed E4F protein was originally identified as an E1A-regulated cellular transcription factor required for adenovirus replication. (cnrs.fr)
Crucial role in orchestrating a fine balance between cellular proliferation, cell death, and DNA repair in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). (proteopedia.org)
In these processes, Hes genes function as effectors of Notch signaling, which coordinates cellular events via cell-cell interactions. (biologists.com)
This is the multihit theory of tumorigenesis, in which a series of multiple triggering events in the genetic and cellular makeup of a cell ultimately cause cancer. (medscape.com)
Another characteristic architectural feature found in many of these tumors is a pseudoalveolar pattern in which cells are arranged in alveolae with central cellular discohesion (see the fourth image below). (medscape.com)

Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)
These genes were selected based on their role in asthmatic inflammatory processes and History previously reported associations with asthma phenotypes. (cdc.gov)
Of these mediators, cytokines play a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in pro-inflammatory cytokine genes and asthma phenotypes (Che et al. (cdc.gov)

For example, steroid and thyroid hormones directly bind to nuclear receptors, which induce expression of specific genes. (intechopen.com)
In other words, expression of specific genes might have relevance to pathogenesis of diseases. (intechopen.com)
and D) functional annotations for specific genes. (cdc.gov)
However, this analysis requires accurate reference genomes to identify the specific genes from which RNA reads originate. (osti.gov)

Mdm2 binds directly to the transcriptional activation domain of p53 and blocks p53-dependent transcription. (molvis.org)
Down-regulates expression of HIF1A and suppresses hypoxia-induced transcriptional activation of HIF1A-modulated genes. (prosci-inc.com)

We have also attempted to verify a series of differentially expressed candidate susceptibility genes to lung tumours in our previous microarray analysis with semiquantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). (bmj.com)

Our results establish a crucial role for E4F during early embryonic cell cycles and reveal an unexpected function for E4F in mitosis. (cnrs.fr)
activated by interaction with cyclin E during the early stages of DNA synthesis to permit G1-S transition, and subsequently activated by cyclin A2 (cyclin A1 in germ cells) during the late stages of DNA replication to drive the transition from S phase to mitosis, the G2 phase. (proteopedia.org)
regulates homologous recombination-dependent repair by phosphorylating BRCA2, this phosphorylation is low in S phase when recombination is active, but increases as cells progress towards mitosis. (proteopedia.org)
Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)

This task can be accomplished by replacing tumor suppressor genes that have been lost or mutated, selectively inserting genes that produce cytotoxic substances, or modifying the immune system to destroy the tumor cells. (medscape.com)
p21 and other tumor suppressor genes' inactivation are therefore most likely involved in the first steps of the cancer model, with later stages possibly involving protooncogene activation and inflammation. (medscape.com)

Forced expression of this gene in combination with the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor NeuroD1 and the transcription factors POU class 3 homeobox 2 and achaete-scute family basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 1 can convert fetal and postnatal human fibroblasts into induced neuronal cells, which are able to generate action potentials. (nih.gov)
The mammalian Hes basic helix-loop-helix repressor genes play central roles in these processes by maintaining progenitor cells in an undifferentiated state and by regulating binary cell fate decisions. (biologists.com)

Cell proliferation includes a series of events that is tightly regulated by several checkpoints and layers of control mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
With the increased understanding of molecular mechanisms and basic pathways in the pathogenesis of squamous cell cancer of the head and neck , these pathways may be modified, and rational approaches in cancer therapy at the molecular level may be created. (medscape.com)
Molecular mechanisms of the initiation of transcription from TATA box have been well known as the most essential nuclear events in mammalian cells. (intechopen.com)
Possible mechanisms for overcoming the resistance of HPV-infected tumor cells to anticancer drugs will be discussed. (mdpi.com)
Increasing evidence now suggests a major role for epigenetic mechanisms in gene expression in the parasite. (biorxiv.org)
However, it has much broader effects mediated by genomic (vitamin D directly or indirectly influences expression of up to 2,000 genes) as well as non-genomic mechanisms [ 1 ]. (karger.com)
This averaging effect hampered the analysis of finer regulatory mechanisms at the single-cell level, the fundamental unit for any fate decision process. (lu.se)
One of the major mechanisms that cells use to fix DNA is known as nucleotide excision repair (NER). (medlineplus.gov)
[ 6 ] These events lead the cancer cell to escape normal cell growth and control mechanisms, to avoid system control mechanisms (ie, immunologic surveillance), and to establish a nutrient supply. (medscape.com)
Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)

Diagnostic subsets of coexpressed genes reflected signaling activity, cross talk, and overlap of multiple mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. (nih.gov)
Some of the new approaches depend on tumor biology and aim specifically to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by targeting the tumor microenvironment or vasculature (leaving normal cells unaffected) or focusing on specific protein or signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)
The essential biochemistry, genetics, cell biology, and metabolic pathways underlying the survival and success of all living organisms. (queensu.ca)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa L), has proven to be a modulator of multiple intercellular signalling pathways linked to inflammation, to proliferation, growth, invasion, drug sensitivity, angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer cells. (researchgate.net)

The exosome vesicles are a type of extracellular vesicles (EV), which are defined as lipid-bilayer spheroid structures, without replicating capacity, that are released from cells, including both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (frontiersin.org)

Intra-Tumour Heterogeneity (ITH) is the altered and diverse morphological, genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic and metabolomic states of cancerous cells. (wikipedia.org)
EZH2 phosphorylation promotes H3K27me3 maintenance and epigenetic gene silencing. (proteopedia.org)
We view the activity of TAZVERIK ® and its epigenetic mechanism in controlling the expression of certain genes as highly complementary and potentially synergistic with our broad portfolio of novel oncology assets," said Mr. Christian Hogg, CEO of HUTCHMED. (businesswire.com)

The HCFC1 gene provides instructions for making a protein, called HCF-1, that helps regulate the activity of other genes. (medlineplus.gov)
By controlling gene transcription, the TFIIH complex helps regulate the activity of many different genes. (medlineplus.gov)

Nanopore Sequencing Unveils Diverse Transcript Variants of the Epithelial Cell-Specific Transcription Factor Elf-3 in Human Malignancies. (nih.gov)
The integration of HPV, a virus harboring oncoproteins E6 and E7 that cause HPV positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, is linked to increased somatic copy number variants. (cancer.gov)
Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (caslab.com)
Variants in the HCFC1 gene have also been found in individuals with X-linked intellectual disability. (medlineplus.gov)
The HCFC1 gene variants lead to production of an HCF-1 protein with reduced function. (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers are working to determine why some variants in the ERCC3 gene affect a person's cancer risk and others do not. (medlineplus.gov)

Fusion cells will get differentiated into different type of cells while terminal cells form cytoplasmic extensions with intracellular lumen. (wikipedia.org)
protein sorting and protein maturation by passage through the cytoplasmic organelles of the cell. (lu.se)

10 Genes that, when activated, contribute to the carcinogenesis are generally termed proto-oncogenes. (bmj.com)
The mutated forms of these genes are referred to as oncogenes. (bmj.com)
1) The alternation of protein levels of critical oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes, which causes by miRNAs deregulation may also lead to proliferative diseases such as cancer. (ukessays.com)

In this chapter, we mainly discuss the coordination regulations between DNA replication initiation and other cell cycle events that ensure genomic integrity. (intechopen.com)
The precise regulations of pre-RC protein levels and assembly are effective ways to prevent reassembly of de novo MCM2-7 onto the replicated origins to re-license and re-replicate the genomic DNA in the subsequent phases of the same cell cycle ( Figure 1) . (intechopen.com)
Sample-specific meta-genomic assembled genomes (MAGs) were used as reference genomes to accurately identify the origin of RNA reads, and transcript ratios of genes with opposite transcription responses were compared to eliminate biases related to differences in organismal abundance, an approach hereafter named the "diametric ratio" method. (osti.gov)
Vitamin D is a hormone regulating not only calcium and phosphate homeostasis but also, at the same time, exerting many other extraskeletal functions via genomic effects (gene transcription) and probably by non-genomic effects as well. (karger.com)

Escargot (esg) is a transcription factor expressed in Drosophila melanogaster. (wikipedia.org)
The Snail-related zinc-finger transcription factor family has been implicated in stem cell maintenance in the model insect, the fly D. melanogaster. (wikipedia.org)
ETS transcription factor ELF3 (ESE-1) is a cell cycle regulator in benign and malignant prostate. (nih.gov)
Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. (cancerindex.org)
p53 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in preventing cancer development. (molvis.org)
Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) is a key transcription factor (TF) that regulates a common set of genes related to the cell cycle in various cell types. (mdpi.com)
Translocation carcinoma is a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtype that harbors a translocation involving a member of the microphthalmia transcription factor gene family. (medscape.com)
Transcription factor networks arcs - The menu for toggling the lines between common pairs of genes in transcription factor networks has been improved. (lu.se)
RESULTS: Working Group 1 was charged with determining the scientific priorities for clinical trials to include the integration of non-intravenous, non-factor therapeutics including gene therapy into the standard of care for people with haemophilia A with inhibitors. (cdc.gov)

Because of its mutated aggressive genetics, this cell has a selective growth advantage over its neighbors. (medscape.com)

Esg along with scratch were reported to be involved in assigning neural commitment and induce neural cell type fates in Drosophila mechanosensory organ lineage cells Esg is required for the maintenance of somatic cyst stem cells in their stem state. (wikipedia.org)
Finally, restoration of EGR1 or PTEN expression is sufficient to induce synovial sarcoma cell death. (nature.com)

This occurs in part due to increased transcription, which constitutes a 3-10 fold increase in mRNA, as well as due to pre-mRNA processing and mRNA stability. (news-medical.net)
meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of Ets-1, C-myc, Ccnd1, and C-fos were detected by reverse transcription and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). (hindawi.com)
The PCA3 gene is a noncoding mRNA that is 60-100 times higher in cancerous tissue (than in benign). (medscape.com)

MicroRNA-34a gene (MIR-34A) that is located on chromosome 1p36 belongs to one of evolutionary-conserved miRNA families (MIR-34 family) that consists of three members: MIR-34A, MIR-34B, and MIR-34C [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

The most typical kind of cell cycle phosphorylation is on H3's serine. (news-medical.net)
We also identified a WD repeat protein WDR5, which is a key subunit of the MLL/Set1 histone methyltransferase complex, as a transducer of histone H3 threonine 11 phosphorylation in prostate cancer cells. (northwestern.edu)
Cdk phosphorylation triggers sequential intramolecular interactions that progressively block Rb functions as cells move through G1. (proteopedia.org)

The testis in Drosophila has two types of stem cells i.e., the germline stem cells and the somatic cyst stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
The somatic epithelial cells of the Drosophila ovary emerge from germline stem cells to form polarized follicle cells that establish the monolayered epithelia which surrounds the germline cells within an egg chamber. (wikipedia.org)
Given that OKSM (Yamanaka) factors convert somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, alterations in transcriptional state could affect destiny of the cells. (intechopen.com)

Esg regulates the diversification of branching tip cells by inhibiting the FGF signaling. (wikipedia.org)
Data show that acetyltransferase Esco1 colocalizes with cohesin throughout the cell cycle and down-regulates expression of neighboring genes. (genscript.com)

One technique that is garnering wide attention in this realm is the DNA array, in which a number of different genes from an individual can be processed to look at certain genotypes. (medscape.com)

[ 1 ] Early stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is treated relatively well with single-modality therapy (either surgery or radiation alone). (medscape.com)
Go to Imaging of Nasopharyngeal and Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma for complete information on these topics. (medscape.com)
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Study was originally published by the National Cancer Institute. (cancer.gov)
An image depicting head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro can be seen below. (medscape.com)
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro (cell culture). (medscape.com)

These genetic alterations result in either activation or inactivation of specific gene functions that contribute to the process of carcinogenesis. (bmj.com)

Genes (Basel), 2021 May 29. (nih.gov)

Throat and nasal swab specimens were collected from outpatients (with influenza-like illness) and inpatients (with severe acute respiratory illness) and tested for influenza viruses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. (who.int)

The goal of specific molecular targets in cancer therapy is to create a "magic bullet" that selectively kills cancer cells. (medscape.com)
As our understanding of the molecular biology of HNSCC continues to develop, we can target the specific components of cancer cells that are not found in normal cells. (medscape.com)
Ideal targets should be both specific to cancer cells and commonly found in cancer cells. (medscape.com)
Various techniques have been developed for targeting cancer cells: gene therapy, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), antibody toxin conjugates, small-molecule inhibitors, antisense molecules, and tumor vaccines. (medscape.com)
The goal of gene therapy is to introduce new genetic material into cancer cells that selectively kills them without causing toxicity to the surrounding cells. (medscape.com)
3 Identification of the genes predisposing to cancer could yield targets for treatment or chemoprevention. (bmj.com)
Genes for which associations or other plausible links with cancer have been published were deemed as final candidates. (bmj.com)
Identification of the genes predisposing to mouse lung cancer could have considerable implications for diagnosis, treatment, or chemoprevention of lung cancer in humans. (bmj.com)
1998). p21(WAF1) is required for butyrate-mediated growth inhibition of human colon cancer cells. (nature.com)
Recent global analyses of gene transcripts revealed that specific transcription factors (TFs) and their networking systems physiologically correspond to the onset of human diseases, including cancer. (intechopen.com)
Modulation of chromatin modification is essential for gene expression and therefore its alteration has been linked to human diseases including cancer. (northwestern.edu)
Combining these new datasets with existing published gene expression and protein expression data have identified selected panels of novel biomarkers which have been evaluated on over 100 cervical cancer and pre-cancer cases using standard immunohistochemistry approaches. (europa.eu)
High-risk types (e.g., types 16 and 18) can cause low-grade cervical cell abnormalities, high-grade cervical cell abnormalities that are precursors to cancer, and cancers ( 5 - 7 ). (cdc.gov)
Besides cancer, some miRNAs genes cause or contribute in many inherited and genetic based diseases. (ukessays.com)
These 12 genes are located at a region, which is frequently deleted in cancer. (ukessays.com)
Studies have been conducted in our laboratory to determine whether exposure to TCA causes alterations in expression of cancer related genes in cultured human cells. (cdc.gov)
Oncotype DX is a quantitative RT-PCR assay that measures the expression of 17 genes (12 cancer-specific and five housekeeping genes). (medscape.com)
In turn, as a result of research into the abnormal cancer cell, the basic understanding of the cell has greatly improved. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Identifying candidate precursors or enabling genes may pave the way for cancer screening, as with the ret proto-oncogene and medullary thyroid carcinoma . (medscape.com)
A few gene therapy trials now target head and neck cancer, which comprises only 4% of all cancers but has a dismal prognosis in advanced stages. (medscape.com)
Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth and division of a cell with extension beyond the normally limiting basement membrane and through the boundaries of normal cells. (medscape.com)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells (ie, small, round cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis). (medscape.com)

Genetic manipulations allowed analysis of changes in gene expression underlying pheromone signaling, cell cycle control, and polarized morphogenesis. (nih.gov)
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. (yeastgenome.org)
As miRNAs proposed to control the expression up to one third of all genes and possibly utilised as diagnostic and prognostic marker for many genetic based diseases. (ukessays.com)
These results suggest that genetic variations in TNF, TGFB1, PTGS1 and PTGS2 genes contribute to DA susceptibility. (cdc.gov)
Gene technology: basic and applied molecular genetic methods. (lu.se)

However, most of the vertebrate histone genes are replication dependent and are therefore more highly expressed during the cell cycle's S phase. (news-medical.net)
This primer describes these pleiotropic roles of Hes genes in some developmental processes and aims to clarify the basic mechanism of how gene networks operate in vertebrate embryogenesis. (biologists.com)

The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the behaviors of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) subjected to mechanical stretch remain unclear. (hindawi.com)

Cyst stem cells/cyst cells encapsulate the gonialblast and differentiate with differentiating germline and act analogously to the mammalian sertoli cells. (wikipedia.org)
The main mammalian histone subtypes ( H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 ) and the linker H1 are located in different gene clusters. (news-medical.net)

Several of these processes change during the cell cycle, but unlike transcriptional changes, the post-translational changes occur throughout the cell cycle. (news-medical.net)

Both glutathione S-transferase pi ( GSTpi ) (80%, 24/30 in tumor and 56.7%, 17/30 in the paired non-cancerous tissues) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, ATP-binding cassette (sub-family C, member 7) ( CFTR ) (77%, 23/30 in tumor and 50%, 15/30 in the paired non-cancerous tissues) genes were prevalently hypermethylated in HCC as well as their neighboring non-cancerous tissues. (wjgnet.com)

The cell cycle consists of four phases (G1, S, G2 and M), all of which are characterized by different factors. (news-medical.net)
In yeast, transcription is regulated by the same elements, whereas in mammals, there are different cis -acting DNA elements and other factors regulating transcription. (news-medical.net)
This gene encodes a member of the zinc finger superfamily of transcription factors whose expression, thus far, has been found only in neuronal tissues. (nih.gov)
Transcription factors are divided into two groups. (intechopen.com)
First, the general TFs (GTFs), including preinitiation complex components TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, and THIIH, are the primary protein factors that are required for the initiation of transcription from the TATA box (or TATA element), then elongation is executed by RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
There is a large family of novel Zn-finger transcription factors that remained primarily uncharacterized. (northwestern.edu)
DNA replication occurs once and only once per cell cycle mainly regulated by DNA replication initiation factors in eukaryotic cells. (intechopen.com)
It is thought that changes in these regions prevent HCF-1 from interacting with transcription factors, which disrupts normal gene activity. (medlineplus.gov)
However, this cascade of transcripts is unlikely to be regulated by the limited number of identified parasite-specific transcription factors. (biorxiv.org)
Alterations in expression include metabolic genes (CYP11B1, MGMT), cell cycle control and DNA repair genes (GADD45, Cyclin G2, Cyclin D3, Cyclin A) and transcription factors (IF2, IF3). (cdc.gov)
Whether alterations in the expression pattern of these genes, particularly transcriptional factors, is associated with carcinogenic potential of TCA needs to be elucidated. (cdc.gov)
The programmes governing the function and fate of cells are to a large extent driven by the coordinated activity of transcription factors forming complex and dynamic gene regulatory networks (GRNs). (lu.se)
The activities of transcription factors and other genes involved in cell fate decisions can be measured by a number of different gene expression quantification experiments. (lu.se)
Such heterogeneity could originate from extrinsic factors, such as cell-to-cell signalling and surrounding temperature and pressure, but also from the intrinsic noise generated by having few copies of molecules involved in transcription and translation. (lu.se)

Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
When tracking cells between graphs in bigger datasets this is necessary to avoid too many lines being drawn and introducing lag. (lu.se)

Group Leader at Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, USA. (igbmc.fr)
The course is an optional second-cycle course for a degree of Bachelor or Master of Science in Biology and Molecular Biology. (lu.se)

These membranes are made up of squamous cells and the head and neck cancers that grow in these cells are called squamous cell carcinomas. (cancer.gov)
1 In 2010, about 36,000 Americans are estimated to have been diagnosed with head and neck cancers and an estimated 7,880 were expected have died of squamous cell carcinomas. (cancer.gov)

In conclusion, we provide useful experimental approaches and bioinformatics to identify informative and predictive genes at the single-cell level, which opens up new means to describe and understand cell proliferation and subpopulation dynamics. (frontiersin.org)

Enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding activity. (nih.gov)
All 11 selected SNPs within candidate genes were verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing. (bmj.com)
The methylation specific polymerase chain reaction in conjunction with sequencing verification was used to establish the methylation patterns of the 14 genes in the liver tissues of four healthy liver donors, as well as tumor and the paired non-cancerous tissues of 30 HCC patients. (wjgnet.com)

Methods for analysis of gene expression: microarray, hybridisation, promoter analyses. (lu.se)

In particular,the Hes bHLH repressor genes play an essential role in the development of many organs by maintaining progenitor cells and by regulating binary cell fate decisions. (biologists.com)

Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell (RBC) production in bone marrow via binding to the cell-surface receptor on hematopoietic progenitor cells, and it has been widely used for treating anemia [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Without Hes genes such as Hes1 , however, progenitor cells prematurely differentiate into certain types of neurons only, and are depleted before they have proliferated sufficiently and generated all neuronal and glial cell types. (biologists.com)
Moreover, we observed molecular changes in cell cycle, MYC and mTOR signaling in both HSCs, and progenitor subsets. (lu.se)

I have expertise from gene characterization to protein engineering. (queensu.ca)
Through the service and infrastructure activities the group has also been involved in several other projects, like research on prokaryotes, including oil well metagenomics, biodegradation, pathogenic bacteria, and characterization of novel bacterial genes. (ntnu.edu)
Taken together, our study provides a detailed functional and molecular characterization of HSCs at different phases of regeneration and identifies a gene set associated with the transition from proliferation to quiescence. (lu.se)

Molecular characteristics may help clinicians improve the specificity of the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. (cancer.gov)

Histones can be classified as replication dependent or replication independent, which is decided by their expression pattern during the cell cycle. (news-medical.net)
Given that the replication dependent histone genes all activate upon entry into the S phase, it is speculated that there exists some further upstream regulatory element. (news-medical.net)

Neurological and developmental problems are especially severe in individuals with cblX type, in part due to disruption of the activity of other genes normally regulated by the HCF-1 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Hes genes also function as biological clocks, measuring time in developmental events, such as somite segmentation. (biologists.com)

Click cells to view annotations. (jax.org)

Targeted molecular therapy, like therapy with monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy, and other therapies, has limited or nonexistent side effects on normal cells of the body, unlike present modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. (medscape.com)

Anatomy7

Organisms1

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs30

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment7

Phenomena and Processes34

Information Science3

Differentiation27

Proteins13

Regulation17

Progression11

Apoptosis13

Mutations8

Ontology4

Activation of histone gene transcription2

Genome5

Target genes1

Cellular5

Phenotypes3

Specific genes4

Transcriptional Activation2

Susceptibility genes1

Mitosis4

Tumor suppr2

Basic helix2

Mechanisms10

Pathways5

Eukaryotes1

Epigenetic3

Regulate2

Variants6

Cytoplasmic2

Oncogenes3

Genomic4

Factor9

Genetics1

Induce2

MRNA3

Chromosome1

Phosphorylation3

Somatic3

Regulates2

Different genes1

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carc5

Inactivation1

20211

Reverse transcri1

Cancer22

Genetic5

Vertebrate2

Mesenchymal stem1

Mammalian2

Processes1

Regulator1

Factors14

Datasets2

Biology2

Cancers2

Bioinformatics1

Polymerase3

Analyses1

Fate decisions1

Progenitor3

Characterization3

Squamous cell carcinomas1

Replication dependent2

Developmental2

Annotations1

Molecular1