• AP-1 controls a number of cellular processes including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The AP-1 transcription factor has been shown to play numerous roles in cell growth and proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The growth factors TGF alpha, TGF beta, and IL2 have all been shown to stimulate c-Fos, and thereby stimulate cellular proliferation via AP-1 activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The TAL1/SCL transcription factor regulates cell cycle progression and proliferation in differentiating murine bone marrow monocyte precursors. (nih.gov)
  • Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
  • Cellular proliferation and invasion are key aspects of development (reviewed in Medwig & Matus, 2017 ), and are also two of the defining hallmarks of cancer (reviewed in Hanahan and Weinberg, 2000 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein pRb is a master regulator of cellular proliferation, principally through interaction with E2F and regulation of E2F target genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Many factors are involved in causing and permitting the unregulated proliferation of cells that occurs in cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Activator protein 1 (AP-1) is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to a variety of stimuli, including cytokines, growth factors, stress, and bacterial and viral infections. (wikipedia.org)
  • The AP-1 subunit Jun was identified as a novel oncoprotein of avian sarcoma virus, and Fos-associated p39 protein was identified as the transcript of the cellular Jun gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, we show that the wild-type Rb protein can specifically repress transcription from promoters driven by DRTF1 whereas a naturally occurring mutant Rb protein cannot. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Hartl, F. U. Molecular chaperones in cellular protein folding. (nature.com)
  • Skach, W. R. Cellular mechanisms of membrane protein folding. (nature.com)
  • Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
  • On the basis of this role, the PAX2 protein is called a transcription factor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • After birth, the PAX2 protein is thought to protect against cell death during periods of cellular stress. (medlineplus.gov)
  • EGR-1 (Early growth response protein 1) also known as ZNF268 (zinc finger protein 268) or NGFI-A (nerve growth factor-induced protein A) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EGR1 gene . (wikipedia.org)
  • Transcription growth factor-beta 1 (TGF- B 1) is a protein involved in many cellular functions. (naturalnews.com)
  • functional" genes encoding proteins such as late embryogenesis-associated proteins, detoxification enzymes, heat shock proteins and molecular chaperones, which directly protect plants from abiotic stress, and "regulatory" genes encoding proteins such as protein kinases and transcription factors (TFs), which have roles in the perception and transduction of stress signals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) 5 is over-expressed in a variety of cancers and the master transcription regulator E2F1 is an important methylation target. (bvsalud.org)
  • The retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein (pRb) classically functions to regulate early cell cycle progression where it acts to enforce a number of checkpoints in response to cellular stress and DNA damage. (bvsalud.org)
  • Background: HacA/Xbp1 is a conserved bZIP transcription factor in eukaryotic cells which regulates gene expression in response to various forms of secretion stress and as part of secretory cell differentiation. (tu-berlin.de)
  • AP-1 transcription factor has been shown to have a hand in a wide range of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Changes in cellular gene expression in the initiation of DNA synthesis and the formation of differentiated derivatives can lead to cellular differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Orthologous to human TAL1 (TAL bHLH transcription factor 1, erythroid differentiation factor). (nih.gov)
  • The histone methyltransferase Setd8 alters the chromatin landscape and regulates the expression of key transcription factors during erythroid differentiation. (rochester.edu)
  • This gene encodes for a bHLH transcription factor, which inhibits osteogenic differentiation by transc. (uni-marburg.de)
  • PTFs also enable other transcription factors, histone modifiers, and nucleosome remodeling complexes to alter the chromatin state and promote gene expression of silenced genes. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • The transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4 were found to trigger endogenous expression of pluripotent genes [2] and were identified as PTFs due to their ability to access closed chromatin [3] . (cytoskeleton.com)
  • Biological processes over-represented in the down-regulated genes include those belonging to central metabolic pathways, translation and transcription. (tu-berlin.de)
  • A remarkable transcriptional response in the HacACA strain was the down-regulation of the AmyR transcription factor and its target genes. (tu-berlin.de)
  • From there, Jeong traced the sonic hedgehog signal to the Fox genes, a family of transcription factors that turn on other genes. (harvard.edu)
  • In Saccharomyces, it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source and consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Our genome-wide analysis found 151 NAC transcription factor genes ( PgNAC s) in the pearl millet genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The pearl millet genome contains 151 NAC transcription factor genes that can be classified into 11 groups. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms in transcription factor genes associated with susceptibility to oral cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Manganese (II) ions are essential for a variety of bacterial cellular processes. (mdpi.com)
  • Age-related and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) represent a source of cellular stress due to their disruptive effect on normal physiological processes and, therefore, can induce premature senescence ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Theme 2 - Integration of cellular signalling pathways and processes. (edu.au)
  • Included here are peptides and proteins that regulate the activity of TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and cellular processes in response to signals from CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. (bvsalud.org)
  • TWIST belongs to class B bHLH proteins which are known to form stable heterodimers with members of class A bHLH transcription factors including gene products of E12 and E47, respectively. (uni-marburg.de)
  • Using the entire coding sequence of TWIST1 gene, an interesting candidate was found belonging to the class A bHLH transcription factors that includes the SEF2 gene product. (uni-marburg.de)
  • AP-1 transcription factor is assembled through the dimerization of a characteristic bZIP domain (basic region leucine zipper) in the Fos and Jun subunits. (wikipedia.org)
  • The retinoblastoma (Rb) gene product forms a complex with the cellular transcription factor DRTF1, a property assumed to be important for mediating negative growth control because certain viral oncogenes, such as adenovirus E1a, prevent this interaction and mutant Rb alleles, which have lost the capacity to regulate growth, encode proteins that fail to associate with DRTF1. (ox.ac.uk)
  • But in the cellular environment, newly synthesized proteins are at great risk of aberrant folding and aggregation, potentially forming toxic species. (nature.com)
  • Cells express a pool of thousands of different proteins that need to be tightly controlled for proper cellular structure, organization, and function. (hindawi.com)
  • The NAC domain was deduced from three previously characterized proteins, petunia NAM (no apical meristem), Arabidopsis thaliana ATAF1/2 ( Arabidopsis thaliana activation factor 1/2) and CUC2 (cup-shaped cotyledon) [ 13 , 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are central to epigenetic regulation and cellular signalling, playing an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • Intracellular signaling peptide and proteins may be part of an enzymatic signaling cascade or act through binding to and modifying the action of other signaling factors. (bvsalud.org)
  • In a joint model with the clinical Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment post-Surgical (CAPRA-S) score, nuclear HSF1 remained a predictive factor of shortened disease-specific survival. (nih.gov)
  • Identification of cellular long non-coding RNAs regulated by the EBV nuclear antigen EBNA2. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Cancer genetics, DNA damage response, apoptosis, cell cycle My current research is focused on two transcription factors that respond to DNA damage and play important roles in regulating tumor development. (mdanderson.org)
  • Interleukin (IL)-9-producing subset called Th9 cell, Th22 cells which primarily secrete IL-22, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor- and Th25 cells via producing IL-25 are believed to be important for initiating allergic reactions and developing airway inflammation. (cdc.gov)
  • Knowledge of the mechanisms by which fatty acids control specific gene expression may identify important risk factors for cancer and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for a better management of whole body lipid metabolism. (springer.com)
  • Senescence is a stress-response cellular state characterised by proliferative arrest but active metabolism ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Bone development and homeostasis are governed by a number of developmental signals, transcription factors and cellular metabolism. (duke.edu)
  • As the cancer volume increases, the cancer may release angiogenesis factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promote formation of new blood vessels that are required for further growth. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was then used to validate the downstream targets. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was done to evaluate the gene expression of E2F1, TS , and Survivin . (aacrjournals.org)
  • The expression of 36 randomly selected PgNAC s were examined by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In occurs through the inhibition of DNA binding of cognate cis- hematopoiesis there exist several lineage branch points with regulatory motif while in the other case DNA binding is unaffected identified key transcription factors and external signals [3-5]. (lu.se)
  • We propose a model in which association of NHR-67 with the Groucho/TCF complex suppresses the default invasive state in non-invasive cells, which complements transcriptional regulation to add robustness to the proliferative-invasive cellular switch in vivo . (elifesciences.org)
  • This valuable data study presents convincing data that expression of the C. elegans transcription factor NHR-67 is sufficient to drive an invasive fate, and that the alternative proliferative fate is associated with NHR-67 transcriptional down-regulation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Upstream transcription factor 1 (USF1) is a canonical transcription factor (TF) and is associated with the pathogenesis of several cancers, but its biological functions and molecular targets in HCC remain unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Upstream transcription factor (USF) 1 belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper family and serves as a cellular transcription factor (TF). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Transcription of nhr-67 is downregulated following post-translational degradation of its direct upstream regulator, HLH-2 (E/Daughterless) in VU cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Predicted to be part of transcription regulator complex. (nih.gov)
  • HEXIM1 is an Essential Transcription Regulator During Human Erythropoiesis. (rochester.edu)
  • Focusing on computational and statistical aspects of MR discovery, the ARACNe-MRA (Algorithm for the Reconstruction of Accurate Cellular Networks-Master Regulator Analysis) method has shown competent performance in this regard [ 4 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • It was used for transcription factor delivery for reprogramming cells. (tu-dresden.de)
  • Because age-related cellular senescence and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been recognised as risk factors for CRC development, the recent finding that type 2 diabetic patients present an elevated circulating volume of senescent cells raises the question whether type 2 diabetes facilitates the process of CRC tumorigenesis by inducing premature cell senescence. (frontiersin.org)
  • During development of the hermaphroditic reproductive system, the proximal granddaughters of the Z1 and Z4 somatic gonad progenitors, Z1.pp and Z4.aa, give rise to four cells that will adopt one of two cellular fates: a proliferative ventral uterine (VU) cell or the terminally differentiated, invasive anchor cell (AC) ( Figure 1A ) ( Kimble and Hirsh, 1979 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • HIV persistence may arise from ongoing residual virus replication and/or from latently-infected cells defined as the cellular reservoir in which long-lived resting memory CD4+ T cells harbouring an integrated but transcriptionally silent provirus represent the largest pool in the blood (Chomont et al. (europa.eu)
  • Numerous studies demonstrate that these immune responses involve distinct immune cells, various pathologic factors, and specific functions and play crucial roles in the initiation and progression of inflammation and fibrosis in the lung exposed to CNTs. (cdc.gov)
  • So far, Jeong and her colleagues have identified up to nine different combinations of Fox transcription factors in the developing face that potentially cue neural crest cells to grow into distinct tissues in the proper positions, such as tongue, middle ear cartilage, or incisors. (harvard.edu)
  • Our objective is to identify the cells and factors that are essential in the engineering process. (lu.se)
  • Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is crucial for cellular homeostasis, but also a driver of oncogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • We screen approximately 4000 alternatively spliced exons and the entire Hepatitis C genome for binding of ASF/SF2, the only splicing factor demonstrated to function as an oncogene. (nih.gov)
  • and regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity. (nih.gov)
  • Therefore, maintenance of mitochondria activity is necessary for the proper cellular function and survival. (hindawi.com)
  • Cellular adaptation to diminished tissue oxygen tensions, hypoxia, is largely governed by the hypoxia inducible transcription factors, HIF-1 and HIF-2. (lu.se)
  • inbook{ecf3c49f-5038-4d94-a89d-062e1056050f, abstract = {{Cellular adaptation to diminished tissue oxygen tensions, hypoxia, is largely governed by the hypoxia inducible transcription factors, HIF-1 and HIF-2. (lu.se)
  • Below we discuss mechanisms in the form of pioneer transcription factors, histone modifications, and recently identified actin-dependent mechanisms that regulate chromosome accessibility and gene regulation during cellular reprogramming. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • To investigate how this dichotomy in cellular behavior is controlled in vivo , we used C. elegans , leveraging its highly stereotypical development ( Sulston and Horvitz, 1977 ), as well as its genetic and optical tractability. (elifesciences.org)
  • and regulation of transcription, DNA-templated. (nih.gov)
  • Liver carcinogenesis is a multistep, long process associated with multiple risk factors, e.g. viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, metabolic disorders, and obesity [ 2 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Specifically the effects of various NLS substitutions in TWIST on cellular localization was assayed by immunoflourescence assay. (uni-marburg.de)
  • AP-1 transcription factors are also associated with numerous physiological functions especially in determination of organisms' life span and tissue regeneration. (wikipedia.org)
  • This age-related inflammation, also referred to as inflammaging, increases the risk for tissue damage and genetic aberrations that cause cellular transformation and cancer development ( 8 , 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review, we discuss the functional cross talk of proteostasis and mitostasis in cellular homeodynamics and the impairment of mitochondrial quality control during ageing, cancer, and neurodegeneration. (hindawi.com)
  • Several risk factors and pathologies, including ageing, smoking, obesity and diabetes have been associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • Ageing represents the major risk factor for CRC development. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, cellular senescence is not exclusive to ageing. (frontiersin.org)
  • The primary role of most splicing factors is to bind pre-mRNA co-transcriptionally and participate in the extremely rapid process of splice site selection and catalysis. (nih.gov)
  • As many splicing factors also bind mRNA to some degree, these substrates tend to dominate the output of location studies. (nih.gov)
  • Fos was first isolated as the cellular homologue of two viral v-fos oncogenes, both of which induce osteosarcoma in mice and rats. (wikipedia.org)
  • C-fos has also been shown to increase in expression in response to the introduction of growth factors in the cell, further supporting its suggested involvement in the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Background MYC is an integral transcription factor involved with central cellular procedures such as rules from the cell routine, histone acetylation and ribosomal biogenesis. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Intro MYC is definitely a transcription element encoded from the gene (thereafter termed to 1 from the three immunoglobulin (gene had been employed, apart from the Ramos cell collection where in fact the 3- end cannot be amplified, and 1268524-71-5 for that reason primers annealing towards the gene had been utilized for normalization. (cancerhugs.com)
  • The 5 different cell lines had been considered as natural replicates and discover common transcription aspect binding sites. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Moreover, mitochondria control cell death through apoptosis and supply Ca 2+ and metabolites required for cellular homeodynamics [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A growing body of evidence suggests that cell division and basement membrane invasion are mutually exclusive cellular behaviors. (elifesciences.org)
  • A growing body of evidence suggests that cell cycle progression and invasion through a basement membrane are mutually exclusive cellular behaviors in both development and disease states (reviewed in Kohrman and Matus, 2017 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • They are all obviously harmful to the plant, but what's also fascinating is that they all induce a complex array of organelle and cellular signalling pathways within the plant cell, with unique and overlapping components that enable plants to respond to these perturbations. (edu.au)
  • In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms according to which T2D induces cellular senescence and the role of type 2 diabetes-induced cellular senescence in the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cellular factors which play role in host defense mechanisms against HIV were identified and their role in HIV induced inflammation was established. (europa.eu)
  • The maintenance of "healthy" and fully functional mitochondria is thus essential for cellular homeodynamics. (hindawi.com)
  • They have complementary skills in the fields of molecular and cellular virology, immunology, and physiopathology of infectious diseases. (europa.eu)
  • Gefitinib and erlotinib would be effective for tumors with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations or increased EGFR gene copy numbers ( 6 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Finally, utilizing a Mendelian randomization approach, we identify the causal route by which 305 risk loci contribute to autoimmune disease at the cellular level. (iscb.org)
  • The cellular kinetics of particular cancers is an important consideration in the design of antineoplastic drug regimens and may influence the dosing schedules and timing intervals of treatment. (msdmanuals.com)
  • this requires regions in E1a necessary for cellular transformation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • EGR-1 is an important transcription factor in memory formation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many questions still remain regarding the dynamic cellular functions of citrullination and its interplay with other types of PTMs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, it is essential to understand the causes and risk factors leading to its development. (frontiersin.org)
  • Because of its magnitude, CRC represents a global health concern and therefore it is essential to understand the causes and risk factors leading to its development. (frontiersin.org)
  • In contrast to cutaneous melanomas, which are etiologically linked to sun exposure, risk factors for mucosal melanomas are unknown. (medscape.com)