• Additionally, BRDs contain several catalytic domains that enable them to act as methyltransferases, ATP-dependent re-modellers or histone acetyltransferases and helicases ( 8 ) Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins are a family of transcriptional mediators that regulate gene expression ( 8 , 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This valuable data study presents convincing data that expression of the C. elegans transcription factor NHR-67 is sufficient to drive an invasive fate, and that the alternative proliferative fate is associated with NHR-67 transcriptional down-regulation. (elifesciences.org)
  • These genome wide transcriptional responses are very tightly regulated and complex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mutual differentially expressed genes across 294 normal mucosa and adjacent tumoral samples were then utilized in order to build two independent transcriptional regulatory networks. (ac.ir)
  • By analyzing the networks topologically, genes with differential global connectivity related to cancer state were determined for which the potential transcriptional regulators including transcription factors were identified. (ac.ir)
  • Overexpression of constitutive active DREB2A which had a transcriptional activation domain between residues 254 and 335 resulted in significant drought stress tolerance through regulates expression of many water stress-inducible genes [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our findings establish Sox17 as a tissue -specific modifier of Wnt responses and point to a novel paradigm where genomic specificity of Wnt/β-catenin transcription is determined through functional interactions between lineage-specific Sox TFs and β-catenin/Tcf transcriptional complexes. (xenbase.org)
  • The synthesis of these compounds is mainly regulated at transcriptional level. (fmach.it)
  • This chromatin organization differentially instructed alternative Abd-B promoter use, thereby expanding the possibilities to regulate transcriptional output. (biorxiv.org)
  • Once NFAT2 is activated, it exposes nuclear localization sequences, promoting its cytoplasm-to-nuclear translocation and then NFAT2 forms heterodimers with other transcription factors to exert its transcriptional functions [6]. (researchsquare.com)
  • NFAT2, as an important transcriptional promoter, regulates expression of TNF-α, myc proto-oncogene protein (c-myc), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Fas ligand (FasL) and also generates crosstalks with ERK/MAPK pathway and AKT/GSK3b signaling, which achieves its control of the cell fate [7-12]. (researchsquare.com)
  • The project aims to investigate the transcriptional differences between intestinal organoids cultured under normoxic (21% O 2 ) and hypoxic (1-5% O 2 ) conditions, with a particular focus on the involvement of the transcription factor HIF-2α. (lu.se)
  • Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
  • The scientists identified about 2000 genes that were differentially regulated under drought conditions. (fruitandveggie.com)
  • The comprehensive miRNA profiling presented here reveals novel sets of miRNAs differentially expressed during human neural cell fate determination in vitro. (muni.cz)
  • The results of these analyses revealed that the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs participate in multiple biological processes, such as gene expression, synthesis of biomolecules, cell development, differentiation, and signal transduction, among others. (hindawi.com)
  • Moreover, we found that these differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs connect osteogenic differentiation to processes such as axon guidance, MAPK signaling, and Wnt signaling. (hindawi.com)
  • NGS identified 106 miRNAs significantly differentially expressed between ALK+ and ALK- ALCL and 228 between ALK+ ALCL and normal T-cells. (nih.gov)
  • Additionally, we identified a signature of 3 miRNAs significantly regulated by the transcription factor C/EBPβ, which is specifically overexpressed in ALK+ ALCL, including the miR-181 family. (nih.gov)
  • that asthma is intensively regulated by a variety of microRNAs (miRNAs). (cdc.gov)
  • Th)1 cells.5 Meanwhile, the function and immunity of with genetic predisposition, involving multiple cells, DCs are closely regulated by miRNAs. (cdc.gov)
  • Promoter region motif analysis indicated that ETV5 has more binding motifs and genes than USF1 itself for USF1‑regulated DEGs, indicating that USF1 may indirectly modulate gene expression by regulating ETV5 expression in Huh7 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Signal transduction pathways convey information from the outside of the cell to transcription factors, which in turn regulate gene expression. (lu.se)
  • Several pathways are found to be differentially active in the data sets using these scores. (lu.se)
  • Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG, and cancer genomics analyses were performed to identify significant functions, pathways, and the associations of differentially expressed mRNAs. (jcancer.org)
  • The project will identify key genes, pathways, and biological processes that are differentially regulated in response to hypoxia. (lu.se)
  • In addition, we found that Hippo effectors regulate neuronal migration to the cortical plate (CP) in a reciprocal fashion, that ApoE, Dab2 and Cyr61 are Tead targets, and these contribute to neuronal fate determination and migration. (verdontaylorlab.com)
  • Lineage specification is governed by gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that integrate the activity of signaling effectors and transcription factors (TFs) on enhancers. (xenbase.org)
  • Among the established custom DNA binding domains, Cas9 is most easily scaled to facilitate genome-scale perturbations 3 , 4 due to its simplicity of programming relative to zinc finger proteins and transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs). (cdc.gov)
  • TFs work alone or with other proteins in a complex, by promoting (as an activator), or blocking (as a repressor) the recruitment of RNA polymerase (the enzyme that performs the transcription of genetic information from DNA to RNA) to specific genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are approximately 2800 proteins in the human genome that contain DNA-binding domains, and 1600 of these are presumed to function as transcription factors, though other studies indicate it to be a smaller number. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, approximately 10% of genes in the genome code for transcription factors, which makes this family the single largest family of human proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • The transcription factor can either do this directly or recruit other proteins with this catalytic activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces the nuclear expression of p55 and p75 in these monocytic cells within 20 min, presumably reflecting the liberation of these proteins from I kappa B. In contrast, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induces the expression of these proteins with delayed kinetics, raising the possibility that PMA is incapable of mediating the efficient release of p55 and p75 from I kappa B in these cells. (jci.org)
  • By transporting "cargos" such as proteins, RNAs, DNAs, and lipids [ 26 ], exosomes regulate the eventual fate of recipient cells. (hindawi.com)
  • AdamTS proteins are extracellular metalloproteases known to modify ECM proteins and promote cell migration, but demonstrated roles for AdamTS proteins in regulating CNS structure and ensuring cell lineages remain fixed in place have not been uncovered. (janelia.org)
  • Interestingly, differential DNA methylation was related to several transcription factors and proteins with DNA binding domains, which implies direct effects of these DNA methylation changes on gene expression. (medscape.com)
  • Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
  • Most of these paracrine secretions include soluble factors and exosomes, which regulate the repair and regeneration processes at sites of damage by affecting cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation [ 22 , 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The mammalian small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) are actively involved in regulating differentiation of different cell types. (nebraska.edu)
  • Using the ocular lens as a model system, we demonstrate that different SUMOs display distinct functions in regulating differentiation of epithelial cells into fiber cells. (nebraska.edu)
  • Together, our results establish distinct roles of different SUMO isoforms and demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that Sp1 acts as a major transcription factor target for SUMO control of cell differentiation. (nebraska.edu)
  • Of interest, miR-181a, which regulates T-cell differentiation and modulates TCR signalling strength, was significantly downregulated in ALK+ ALCL cases. (nih.gov)
  • Nuclear factor of activated T cells 2 (NFAT2, also known as NFATc and NFATc1) is an important member of NFAT family which plays a vital role in T cell activation and differentiation [4]. (researchsquare.com)
  • In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence. (wikipedia.org)
  • Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
  • BRDs can act as scaffolds that enable the recruitment of large protein complexes or they can act as transcription factors themselves. (frontiersin.org)
  • This gene product is a bZIP protein, which was also identified as a cellular transcription factor that binds to an enhancer in the promoter of the T cell leukemia virus type 1 promoter. (cancerindex.org)
  • Here, we demonstrate that the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) and its substrate transcription factor X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) drive NK cell responses against viral infection and tumors in vivo. (cancerindex.org)
  • Mechanistically, specificity protein 1 (Sp1), a major transcription factor that controls expression of lens-specific genes such as β-crystallins, was positively regulated by SUMO1 but negatively regulated by SUMO2. (nebraska.edu)
  • Although more and animals and plants and regulate gene/protein expression more progressions have been made about the through direct complementarity between their 5' region pathogenesis of asthma in recent years, the increasing and the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs. (cdc.gov)
  • Cas9 nuclease can be converted into an RNA-guided DNA binding protein (dCas9) via inactivation of its two catalytic domains 12 , 13 and then fused to transcription activation domains. (cdc.gov)
  • Jasmonate acid (JA) is a vital endogenous hormone that regulates taxol biosynthesis and other biological processes, especially (a)biotic stress tolerance in various plants ( Roberts, 2001 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • We showed that SF-1 dosage differentially regulates the expression of numerous and distinct genes, involved in a variety of biological processes, suggesting that fine regulation of SF-1 dosage is a critical determinant of its action during adrenal development, function and tumourigenesis. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • GO and pathway analysis revealed differentially expressed mRNAs involved in many critical biological processes and molecular functions. (jcancer.org)
  • The results showed that USF1 significantly regulates 350 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AD were screened in GSE48350 dataset. (nature.com)
  • The differentially expressed oxidative stress genes (DEOSGs) were analyzed by intersection of DEGs and oxidative stress-related genes. (nature.com)
  • A total of 1160 DEGs (259 up-regulated and 901 down-regulated) were screened in GSE48350. (nature.com)
  • By analyzing changes in gene expression following the long-term culturing period, we identify three aging-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in insulin secretion or insulin production. (lu.se)
  • In summary, we investigate the mechanisms regulating insulin production and secretion through Cav channels and DEGs. (lu.se)
  • Hence, the combinatorial use of a subset of the approximately 2000 human transcription factors easily accounts for the unique regulation of each gene in the human genome during development. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a TF, USF1 has a bidirectional regulatory function, being able to regulate gene expression by activating or suppressing the promoter region of target genes ( 5 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • and how iron differentially regulated regulatory T cell survival and function. (umich.edu)
  • The overexpression of VvbZIP observed in 7 transgenic lines positively correlated with the flower content of quercetin, kaempferol and cyanidin in the glycosilated form suggesting a broader regulatory role of this factor.Luciferase reporter-assays carried out by bombardment of Chardonnay suspension cultures (Czemmel et al. (fmach.it)
  • These differences have stimulated the search ing sites for a regulatory transcription factor ApxR, and for molecular markers of strain phenotypes and host tro- an upstream gene known either as p44ESup1 or omp-1n pisms. (cdc.gov)
  • Taxol biosynthesis is significantly regulated by jasmonate acid (JA), one of the most important endogenous hormones in land plants. (frontiersin.org)
  • Hippo signaling regulates gene expression through Tead transcription factors (TFs). (verdontaylorlab.com)
  • Transcription factors are essential for the regulation of gene expression and are, as a consequence, found in all living organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, genes are often flanked by several binding sites for distinct transcription factors, and efficient expression of each of these genes requires the cooperative action of several different transcription factors (see, for example, hepatocyte nuclear factors). (wikipedia.org)
  • Transcription factors use a variety of mechanisms for the regulation of gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other transcription factors differentially regulate the expression of various genes by binding to enhancer regions of DNA adjacent to regulated genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Knowledge of the mechanisms by which fatty acids control specific gene expression may identify important risk factors for cancer and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for a better management of whole body lipid metabolism. (springer.com)
  • They can bind to the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in order to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally with no sequence specificity but by potential electrostatic interactions with the phosphate backbone of RNA 2 , 3 . (nature.com)
  • Nuclear expression of the 50- and 65-kD Rel-related subunits of nuclear factor-kappa B is differentially regulated in human monocytic cells. (jci.org)
  • The Ustilago maydis transcription factor, Zfp1 influences pathogenic development through the control of effector gene expression. (apsnet.org)
  • The sub-cellular location, pattern of transcript level changes and results of complementation experiments support a hypothesis that Zfp1 differentially controls effector gene expression by interacting with distinct binding partners. (apsnet.org)
  • Recently, pol III and core components of the pol III complex such as TFIIIC have been demonstrated to establish boundaries between genomic domains, and regulate gene expression within those domains. (yale.edu)
  • SUMO2 also interfered with the interaction between Sp1 and the coactivator, p300, and recruited a repressor, Sp3 to β-crystallin gene promoters, to negatively regulate their expression. (nebraska.edu)
  • In some cases, Sox17 and β-catenin synergistically activate transcription apparently independent of Tcfs, whereas on other enhancers, Sox17 represses β-catenin/Tcf-mediated transcription to spatially restrict gene expression domains. (xenbase.org)
  • Key genes are color coded based on regional expression from fate map in (E). (E) Enriched expression of Sox17 -regulated transcripts. (xenbase.org)
  • We identified new functional interactions between SF-1 and neuron-restrictive silencer factor/RE1-silencing transcription factor (NRSF/REST) suggesting that SF-1 has a broader role than initially thought in regulating tissue-specific gene expression programs. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • This feedback loop illustrates an unexpected mode of autoregulatory behavior of a transcription factor, is consistent with 'bursts' of DUX4 expression in FSHD muscle, and has implications for FSHD pathogenesis. (elifesciences.org)
  • This enhancement is combined with the activation of Pdx-1, the transcription factor that regulates insulin gene expression. (lu.se)
  • The majority of differentially connected genes (DCGs) were up-regulated in colorectal transcriptome experiments. (ac.ir)
  • Sox17 -regulated endoderm transcriptome. (xenbase.org)
  • The transcriptome analysis of the extreme genotypes of the population has allowed the identification of a set of differentially expressed genes. (fmach.it)
  • The results of the present study indicate that microRNAs play important roles in regulating asthma immune responses. (cdc.gov)
  • The resulting loss of 26 nt from the spliced mRNA causes a frame-shift and an isoform XBP1(S), which is the functionally active transcription factor. (cancerindex.org)
  • Our results illustrate how sequences outside of minimal enhancer regions can evolve functionally through mechanisms other than changes in transcription factor binding sites that drive patterning. (janelia.org)
  • The nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B transcription factor system is composed of at least four inducible nucleoprotein adducts termed p50, p55 (NF-kappa B p50), p75 (NF-kappa B p65), and p85 (c-Rel). (jci.org)
  • Nuclear factor of activated T cells 2 (NFAT2) has been reported to regulate the development and malignancy of few tumors. (researchsquare.com)
  • Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was then used to validate the downstream targets. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Downstream genes, including lncRNA‑NEAT1 and TF‑ETV5, may also have potential functions in the regulated network by USF1 and have potential functions in the progression of HCC. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Among all JA downstream transcription factors, MYC2 is considered as the fatal point of the entire JA signaling pathway ( Kazan and Manners, 2013 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Transcription factors, with specific DNA-binding domains (DBD) and trans -acting functional domains, can combine with specific DNA sequences to activate or inhibit transcription of downstream genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • one considers all pairs of downstream targets, and the other considers only pairs without common transcription factors. (lu.se)
  • The aim of this thesis was to understand how particular factors such as neuronal content, placement and cell source, affect functional outcome after transplantation into the rodent brain. (lu.se)
  • Cancer genomics analysis revealed that 36 of the most differentially expressed mRNAs were involved in a pancreatic cancer network and were associated with many critical mutated genes such as TP53, KRAS, SMAD4, and CDKN2A. (jcancer.org)
  • Aging is a recognized risk factor for T2D development, and the decline in pancreatic β-cell function is linked to genetic changes during aging. (lu.se)
  • To investigate coordinated dynamics of intron-containing transcripts in the study we quantified absolute copy number of isoforms of two conserved transcription factors (TFs) using Droplet Digital PCR. (oregonstate.edu)
  • However, she cautioned that because biological age estimation is "a very recent concept in addiction research and is influenced by many factors, further studies are required to investigate this phenomenon, with larger sample sizes than were possible here. (medscape.com)
  • but how these cell states are regulated in the context of development is not well understood. (elifesciences.org)
  • Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1, NR5A1) is a transcription factor that plays an essential role in the development of adrenal glands and gonads. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • Sample-specific meta-genomic assembled genomes (MAGs) were used as reference genomes to accurately identify the origin of RNA reads, and transcript ratios of genes with opposite transcription responses were compared to eliminate biases related to differences in organismal abundance, an approach hereafter named the "diametric ratio" method. (osti.gov)
  • Interferon-γ resistance and immune evasion in glioma develop via Notch-regulated. (verdontaylorlab.com)
  • A coexpression network was constructed to identify the correlation between differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs and further validated using real-time quantitative PCR in twenty healthy donors. (jcancer.org)
  • We identified 3,227 and 924 differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs, respectively, in PEX-treated DCs. (jcancer.org)
  • LncRNAs such as ENST00000560647 and mRNAs such as legumain (lgmn) were differentially expressed in PEX-treated DCs, and the data were validated using RT-qPCR. (jcancer.org)
  • Many differentially retained introns were regulated in a stress- and/or tissue-specific manner. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Database and Statistical Analyses of Transcription Factor Binding Sites in the Non-Coding Control Region of JC Virus. (cdc.gov)
  • Upstream transcription factor (USF) 1 belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper family and serves as a cellular transcription factor (TF). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Lastly, our mechanistic experiments confirmed that cluster miR-17-92, one of the NSCs-enriched clusters, is directly transcriptionally regulated by transcription factor c-MYC. (muni.cz)
  • Analysis of the samples show fewer than 1% differentially expressed genes in bulk-mRNA sequencing experiments between manufacturing lots. (ddw-online.com)
  • Witt said it was also "fascinating that among those genes that showed the strongest changes in DNA methylation levels in our study, two genes were previously reported to regulate behavioral aspects of cocaine intake in rodent experiments. (medscape.com)
  • Transcription factors bind to either enhancer or promoter regions of DNA adjacent to the genes that they regulate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The preinitiation complex binds to promoter regions of DNA upstream to the gene that they regulate. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2009), revealed that VvbZIP binds to the promoters of VvCHS, VvFLS1, VvANR genes activating their transcription, likely through the interaction with other co-factors such as MYBF1 and MYBPA1. (fmach.it)
  • Many of these GTFs do not actually bind DNA, but rather are part of the large transcription preinitiation complex that interacts with RNA polymerase directly. (wikipedia.org)
  • SNPC-4 is a transcription factor known to stimulate the activity of both RNA polymerase II and III, and we have found that RNA polymerase III (pol III) also exhibits increased occupancy in piRNA clusters. (yale.edu)
  • Additionally, TcERF15, which played the positive role to regulate tasy gene, was up-regulated by TcMYC2a. (frontiersin.org)
  • Upstream transcription factor 1 (USF1) is a canonical transcription factor (TF) and is associated with the pathogenesis of several cancers, but its biological functions and molecular targets in HCC remain unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Transcription of nhr-67 is downregulated following post-translational degradation of its direct upstream regulator, HLH-2 (E/Daughterless) in VU cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
  • Key factors of the pentose phosphate pathway and linoleic acid metabolism, G6PD and CYP2C8/9/18/19, respectively, are related to the survival of PC patients according to our tissue microarray. (aging-us.com)
  • Up-regulated genes included transcription factors and cell signaling-related genes such as kinases and phosphatases, which regulate numerous functions, including metabolic changes and cell defense functions. (fruitandveggie.com)
  • The function of TFs is to regulate-turn on and off-genes in order to make sure that they are expressed in the desired cells at the right time and in the right amount throughout the life of the cell and the organism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Their function is regulated by the activation of a number of activating and inhibitory receptors that bind to specific ligands expressed on the surface of target cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Multiple muscle wasting-related transcription factors are acetylated in dexamethasone-treated muscle cells. (per-olofhasselgren.com)
  • Using patterns of DNA methylation as a measure of the biological age of cells, a total of 20 differentially methylated regions were significantly associated with CUD status after multiple testing correction. (medscape.com)
  • We still do not know what specific factors contribute to the success in transplantation i.e. what cells are responsible for motor recovery? (lu.se)
  • The IRE1 endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor activates natural killer cell immunity in part by regulating c-Myc. (cancerindex.org)
  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates cell migration and sculpts organ shape. (janelia.org)
  • The synthetic biology platform is able to express transcription factor combinations that reprogram human iPSCs into highly defined and mature human cell types. (ddw-online.com)
  • Juz, Bukasov) under field conditions and used microarrays to to identify genes that are up- and down-regulated under drought conditions. (fruitandveggie.com)
  • The number of transcription factors found within an organism increases with genome size, and larger genomes tend to have more transcription factors per gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Six CYP genes (CYP4F3, CYP1A1, CYP27A1, CYP1B1, CYP2B6, and CYP51) were found to be differentially expressed between benzene -exposed patients and controls. (cdc.gov)
  • They bind to the DNA and help initiate a program of increased or decreased gene transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two susceptible HLA-DRB1 alleles for multiple sclerosis differentially regulate anti-JC virus antibody serostatus along with fingolimod. (cdc.gov)
  • All these results revealed that TcMYC2a can regulate taxol biosynthesis either directly or via ERF regulators depending on JA signaling transduction. (frontiersin.org)
  • These study results should be treated with caution, due to the presence of confounding factors that might also distinguish between NEC and control infants. (osti.gov)