• In 2007 Meshorer returned to Israel, and established his 'Epigenetics, Stem Cells & Neurons' lab at the Department of Genetics, the Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ectopic expression of Ngn2 was sufficient to form mature neurons from embryonic stem cells[5]. (bartleby.com)
  • 2012 ) Transgenic enrichment of mouse embryonic stem cell-derived progenitor motor neurons. (neurotree.org)
  • CRT aims to replace neurons that have degenerated in PD, with donor cells that have the potential to functionally re-integrate into the host circuitry. (lu.se)
  • This involves transplantation of developing midbrain cells from aborted fetuses, (the part that form mesDA neurons), into the striatum of a PD patient. (lu.se)
  • A potentially pre-clinical aspect of this thesis is detailed in paper №4 where I describe a robust protocol for the generation of functional mesDA neurons from human embryonic stem cells that are functional in a rat model of PD. (lu.se)
  • BRD4 is a member of the BET (bromodomain and extraterminal domain) family of tandem bromodomain-containing proteins that can bind acetylated histones H3 and H4 and influence transcription (Chiang 2009 BRD4 is an epigenetic reader originally identified as a mitotic chromosome-binding protein that remains associated with acetylated chromatin throughout the entire cell cycle and is thought to provide epigenetic bookmarking after cell division Alosetron Hydrochloride (Dey et?al. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Short-lived proteins control gene expression in cells to carry out a number of vital tasks, from helping the brain form connections to helping the body mount an immune defense. (phys.org)
  • In eukaryotes, DNA is packed inside the cell nucleus in the form of chromatin, which consists of DNA, proteins such as histones, and RNA. (nature.com)
  • Then, genes for multiple transcription factors are delivered into the cells using a viral vector, and the transcription factor proteins are expressed using the cell's machinery. (jove.com)
  • The discovery of the ' Yamanaka factors '-four transcription factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4), ), proteins that can reprogram a fully mature cell into an embryonic-like state-earned Kyoto University researcher Shinya Yamanaka a share of the Nobel prize in 2012. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Rhombotin 1 (RBTN1 or TTG-1) and rhombotin-2 (RBTN2 or TTG-2) are proteins of about 160 amino acids whose genes are disrupted by chromosomal translocations in T-cell leukemia. (embl.de)
  • Cancer stem cell-associated proteins revealed by proteomics. (medscape.com)
  • On the basis of this action, PAX proteins are called transcription factors. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Transcription factor Nrf2 is a key regulator of genes encoding phase II detoxification enzymes and antioxidant proteins in response to environmental chemical insults. (cdc.gov)
  • 2008 At many developmental genes RNAP II stalls or pauses after transcribing a nascent transcript about 20-65 nucleotides in length (Adelman and Lis 2012 Nearly 30% of the genes in human ESCs commence transcription initiation but do not undergo transcriptional elongation (Guenther et?al. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • During the first hours of an embryo's development, specialized molecules called pioneer transcription factors unravel parts of its DNA to activate the encoded genes. (phys.org)
  • Despite significant advances in understanding nephron segment patterning, many questions remain about the underlying genes and signaling pathways that orchestrate renal progenitor cell fate choices and regulate differentiation. (mdpi.com)
  • Although pausing has been connected to extremely rapid and synchronous activation of genes, pausing is also highly associated with constitutively expressed genes that encode signalling and transcription factors. (nature.com)
  • Distinct signals that act through diverse targeted transcription factors can regulate different steps in the transcription pathway and provide a highly modulated transcriptional response at individual genes. (nature.com)
  • An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Activation of muscle-specific genes in pigment, nerve, fat, liver, and fibroblast cell lines by forced expression of MyoD. (springer.com)
  • Then, typically, genes for transcription factors, are delivered by viral vectors into the cell nuclei, where they are incorporated into the genome. (jove.com)
  • The transcription factors then turn on genes that are expressed by embryonic stem cells. (jove.com)
  • The transcription factors then turn on many other genes that are expressed by embryonic stem cells, returning the cells to an undifferentiated, proliferative, and pluripotent state. (jove.com)
  • This system enables simultaneous measurements of the transcriptional activity and nuclear position of endogenous genes using MS2 transcription imaging and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) gene-imaging techniques. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The article's title is "Simultaneous live imaging of the transcription and nuclear position of specific genes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • 2. We recently identified a novel PDX1 stress inducible complex (es) positioned over CARE sites and involving ATF4 and ATF5 that regulates expression of stress and apoptosis genes to govern β cell survival. (upenn.edu)
  • Transcriptional activity is regulated by DNA binding transcription factors, but these typically act in more than one cell lineage activating different subsets of target genes in each. (edu.au)
  • influences which genes are activated and which tend to change as cells age. (scientificamerican.com)
  • maintains HOX genes expression in undifferentiated cells. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • HOX genes belong to a family of transcription factors characterized by a 183 bp DNA sequence called homeobox, which code for a 61-amino-acid domain defined as the homeodomain. (intechopen.com)
  • These genes play a central role during embryonic development by controlling body organization, organogenesis, and stem cell differentiation. (intechopen.com)
  • Since endothelial cell differentiation is one of the main steps to initiate vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, we analyzed the role of several Hox genes in the regulation of these two processes. (intechopen.com)
  • In this chapter, we summarized the evidence to support the function of Hox genes in adult tissues, specifically in endothelial cell differentiation, by studying their mechanism of action and how their target genes regulate vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. (intechopen.com)
  • Background: Bivalent chromatin domains consisting of the activating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) histone modifications are enriched at developmental genes that are repressed in embryonic stem cells but active during differentiation. (researchgate.net)
  • Here we show that bivalent domains and chromosome architecture for bivalent genes are dynamically regulated during the cell cycle in human pluripotent cells. (researchgate.net)
  • Central to this is the transient increase in H3K4-trimethylation at developmental genes during G1, thereby creating a 'window of opportunity' for cell-fate specification. (researchgate.net)
  • Se caracterizan por poseer un dominio de unión al ADN emparejado altamente conservado que se identificó por vez primera en genes de segmentación de DROSOPHILA. (bvsalud.org)
  • The PAX6 gene belongs to a family of genes that play a critical role in the formation of tissues and organs during embryonic development. (medlineplus.gov)
  • During embryonic development, the PAX6 protein is thought to turn on (activate) genes involved in the formation of the eyes, the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system), and the pancreas. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The proposed mechanism is based on the knowledge that transcription of mtDNA is polycistronic, which means that all genes encoded on the heavy and light strands are transcribed as 2 large precursor RNA strands. (medscape.com)
  • A deletion anywhere in the mitochondrial genome may affect transcription or translation of genes that were not affected by the deletion. (medscape.com)
  • The core embryonic stem cell transcription factors (TFs) OCT3/4 (OCT4), NANOG, and SOX2 have shared as well as nonoverlapping roles in stem cell growth and differentiation. (testicularcancersociety.org)
  • SOX2 is necessary for regulating multiple transcription factors that affect Oct 3/4 expression. (thermofisher.com)
  • SOX2 is an intronless gene encoding a member of the SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of embryonic development and in the determination of cell fate. (thermofisher.com)
  • We have also been successful in identifying regions of the genome bound by of histone modifications and transcription factors in hESCs and derived endoderm. (ca.gov)
  • This chromatin signature which consists of Smad transcription factors and both histone repressive and active marks is the most conducive for mediating downstream targets of Nodal, providing inroads into how signaling pathways and chromatin cooperate during fate specification in hESCs. (ca.gov)
  • The discoveries reported in these papers are highlighted below: HEB and E2A function as SMAD/FOXH1 cofactors Nodal signaling, mediated through SMAD transcription factors, is necessary for pluripotency maintenance and endoderm commitment. (ca.gov)
  • Endoderm commitment is controlled by the TGF-β superfamily member, Nodal, which utilizes the transcription factors, SMAD2/3, SMAD4 and FOXH1, to drive target gene expression. (ca.gov)
  • This orderly development is maintained partly by group of bHLH (basic Helix-Loop-Helix) transcription factors. (bartleby.com)
  • Among the bHLH transcription factors, neurogenins (Ngns) play a significant role to regulate neurogenesis and astrogliogenesis. (bartleby.com)
  • Ngns (class II bHLH transcription factors) are known as pro-neural factors as they are necessary to initiate differentiation of NSPCs and are important to specify a neuronal subtype[3]. (bartleby.com)
  • In turn NeuroD1 and NeuroD6 activates Nsc1 which then activated terminal transcription factors and triggers neurogenesis[4]. (bartleby.com)
  • It is dynamically orchestrated by transcription factors (EMT-TFs), including Snail, Zeb, Twist and Prrx, all activated by TGF-β among other signals. (researchgate.net)
  • The stem cell field witnessed a genuine breakthrough when a combination of solely four transcription factors ( Oct3 / 4 , Sox2 , Klf4 and c-Myc, OSKM ) proved enough to revert, in vitro, the differentiated status of a variety of cell types back to pluripotency, giving rise to so-called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (springer.com)
  • 2007 ) The effects of soluble growth factors on embryonic stem cell differentiation inside of fibrin scaffolds. (neurotree.org)
  • Although transcriptional similarities have been found between embryonic and adult endothelial cells, we found some key differences in term of transcription factors expression. (biorxiv.org)
  • The Yamanaka factors that can reprogram cells into their embryonic-like state are at the heart of longevity research. (scientificamerican.com)
  • So-called partial reprogramming consists of applying Yamanaka factors to cells for long enough to roll back cellular aging and repair tissues but without returning to pluripotency in which a cell can specialize into other cell types. (scientificamerican.com)
  • A family of transcription factors that control EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT within a variety of cell lineages. (bvsalud.org)
  • We still do not know what specific factors contribute to the success in transplantation i.e. what cells are responsible for motor recovery? (lu.se)
  • The aim of this thesis was to understand how particular factors such as neuronal content, placement and cell source, affect functional outcome after transplantation into the rodent brain. (lu.se)
  • Pdx1 is mutated in monogenic forms of human diabetes and plays critical roles in early pancreas specification, regulation of organ size, and in beta cell formation, proliferation, and identity. (upenn.edu)
  • DMH-1 suppresses lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion in vitro and reduces tumor growth in a mouse lung cancer xenograft model. (tocris.com)
  • This suggests the possibility that strictly regulated self-renewal mediated by Wnt signaling in cancer cells may be disturbed by the SUMOylation pathway to allow more malignant proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
  • The Notch signaling pathway provides important intercellular signaling mechanisms essential for cell fate specification and it regulates differentiation and proliferation of stem or progenitor cells by para-inducing effects 3-4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • To determine if a panel of embryonic stem cell TFs (NANOG, OCT3/4, and SOX2) can facilitate the identification and distinction of seminomatous from nonseminomatous GCTs, we evaluated their expression by immunohistochemistry in primary testicular (n=41) and metastatic retroperitoneal (n=43) GCTs. (testicularcancersociety.org)
  • In summary, we find that the embryonic stem cell TF signature of seminoma is NANOG+, OCT3/4+, and SOX2-, whereas embryonal carcinoma is NANOG+, OCT3/4+, and SOX2+, and expect these immunohistochemical profiles will facilitate the diagnosis of both primary and metastatic GCTs. (testicularcancersociety.org)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: SOX2 (Embryonic Stem Cell Marker) Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (SOX2/4267R) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 6657-RBM7-P1. (thermofisher.com)
  • Specificity Comments: SOX2 is required for stem cell maintenance in the central nervous system, and it also regulates gene expression in the stomach. (thermofisher.com)
  • An essential function of SOX2 is to stabilize embryonic stem cells in a pluripotent state by maintaining the requisite level of Oct 3/4 expression. (thermofisher.com)
  • However, SOX2 is expressed in a high percentage of lung squamous cell carcinomas and has been shown to be an independent favorable prognostic marker. (thermofisher.com)
  • and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
  • This is intuitively obvious, since the stronger that these complexes bind to OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG, the higher the transcription rate, and hence a smaller threshold of the environmental factor is required to turn the switch on. (lu.se)
  • Novel Roles of Nanog in Cancer Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles. (nih.gov)
  • NANOG regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition via AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway in ovarian cancer SKOV-3 and A2780 cells. (nih.gov)
  • NANOG confers resistance to complement-dependent cytotoxicity in immune-edited tumor cells through up-regulating CD59. (nih.gov)
  • Nanog, as a key cancer stem cell marker in tumor progression. (nih.gov)
  • RNA was reverse-transcribed to obtain the cDNA and then proceeded with PCR using specific primers for the Notch signaling pathway molecules (Notch1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2 and, Hes1) as well as stem cell marker (Nanog). (bvsalud.org)
  • Notch-1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2, and stem cell marker Nanog are expressed in SHED cultured in KGM which may be involved in the differentiation into epithelial-like cells in human dental pulp tissues. (bvsalud.org)
  • The loss of in the mouse results in peri-implantation lethality with an ablation of the inner cell mass the source for ESCs (Houzelstein et?al. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Results The Epigenetic Reader BRD4 Is Expressed during ESC Differentiation and Binds the Pluripotent Factor OCT4 We postulate that a co-activator such as BRD4 might play a role in epigenetic memory for binary cell fate ("stem-ness" versus differentiation) and XCI (active versus inactive X chromosome) status in ESCs. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Here, we show that TBX3 is dynamically expressed during specification of the mesendoderm lineages in differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro and in developing mouse and Xenopus embryos in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • Stauprimide interacts with NME2, a c-Myc-activating transcription factor that is highly expressed in ESCs. (lclabs.com)
  • We report that a broadly used rabbit monoclonal antibody raised against human EZH2, a catalytic subunit of PRC2, cross-reacts with an RNA-binding protein called Scaffold Attachment Factor B (SAFB) in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) under buffer conditions that are commonly used for chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). (bvsalud.org)
  • Conversion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to an epiblast-like state activates blastocyst-specific ERV elements, indicating that their activity dynamically reacts to changes in regulatory networks. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Two of these papers redefine endodermal subtypes derived from hESCs, including new methods to isolate lineage restricted endodermal populations and a means to distinguish between single endodermal cells. (ca.gov)
  • We have identified a new motif, termed SMAD Complex Associated (SCA) that is bound by SMAD2/3/4 and FOXH1 in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and derived endoderm. (ca.gov)
  • Chromatin and Transcriptional Signatures for Nodal Signaling During Endoderm Formation in hESCs The first stages of embryonic differentiation are driven by signaling pathways hardwired to induce particular fates. (ca.gov)
  • To elucidate the Nodal transcriptional network that governs endoderm formation, we used ChIP-seq to identify genomic targets for SMAD2/3, SMAD3, SMAD4, FOXH1 and the active and repressive chromatin marks, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and derived endoderm. (ca.gov)
  • Here we combine chromatin immunoprecipitation with a massively parallel reporter assay to identify functional enhancers in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) genome-wide in a quantitative unbiased manner. (biorxiv.org)
  • Meshorer showed for the first time the epigenetic plasticity of embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • A stochastic epigenetic switch controls the dynamics of T-cell lineage commitment. (crossref.org)
  • Several groups, including those headed by Stanford University's Vittorio Sebastiano, the Salk Institute's Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte and Harvard Medical School's David Sinclair (See Table), have shown that partial reprogramming can dramatically reverse age-related characteristics in the eye, muscle and other tissues in cultured mammalian cells and even rodent models by countering epigenetic changes associated with aging. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Mechanistically, NUP98 binds on chromatin near the transcription start sites of key epigenetic regulators (such as DNMT1, UHRF1 and EZH2) and sustains their expression in progenitors. (bvsalud.org)
  • More so, our results show that the epigenetic regulation of TE transcription is dynamically regulated throughout life (Paper II), upon the beginning of neuroinflammation (Paper III), and in a disease-driving polymorphic TE insertion (Paper IV). (lu.se)
  • Genetic experiments using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells derived from wild type or Nrf2 knockout mice revealed that the cells lacking Nrf2 exhibited markedly increased production of ROS and sensitivity to Cd cytotoxicity. (cdc.gov)
  • beta-Catenin regulates P-cadherin expression in mammary basal epithelial cells. (igbmc.fr)
  • The Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) regulates cell plasticity during embryonic development and in disease. (researchgate.net)
  • In a series of papers, Meshorer discovered the unique epigenetics of embryonic and cancer stem cells, and the mechanisms supporting it, and together with Gil Ast from Tel-Aviv University, they showed the connection between chromatin and splicing. (wikipedia.org)
  • We show that accumulation of RNA induces formation of transcription pockets which displace transcriptionally inactive chromatin. (nature.com)
  • Their cell lineage-specific effects are governed by chromatin structure. (edu.au)
  • We are currently investigating the function of chromatin modifiers during embryonic development, in adult stem cell populations and in cancer, and modelling chromatin-based intellectual disability to discover ameliorating treatments. (edu.au)
  • methylates H3, including histones in the HOX area for allowing chromatin to be open to transcription. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Histone modifications and chromatin-associated protein complexes are crucially involved in the control of gene expression, supervising cell fate decisions and differentiation. (researchgate.net)
  • Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)
  • The homeodomain transcription factor Pdx1 is a critical member of the beta cell transcriptional network during embryonic beta cell formation and in postnatal beta cell function. (upenn.edu)
  • These same TFs are also expressed in various types of human germ cell tumors (GCTs), implicating them in regulation of tumor growth and differentiation. (testicularcancersociety.org)
  • Recent years have witnessed a sea change in our understanding of transcription regulation: whereas traditional models focused solely on the events that brought RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to a gene promoter to initiate RNA synthesis, emerging evidence points to the pausing of Pol II during early elongation as a widespread regulatory mechanism in higher eukaryotes. (nature.com)
  • The nuclear membrane protein SUN1 stabilizes endothelial cell-cell junctions far from the nucleus via regulation of microtubule dynamics and Rho GEF-H1 signaling, revealing long-range cellular communication important for vascular development and function. (elifesciences.org)
  • The ROLEX system is expected to be employed in studies investigating the dynamics of higher-order gene regulation via long-range genomic interactions, and for evaluating whether variability in the genomic organization of cells causes cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Moreover, the molecular signatures of tracheal embryonic E18.5 preBCs and adult TrBCs were generated through high-throughput profiling, which provided hints about the genetic regulation of airway BC maturation process and generated potential molecular landmarks for the in vitro ES/iPS cell differentiation towards airway BCs. (columbia.edu)
  • role in cell cycle regulation. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Studies have shown that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway controls cell fate and function through the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of omics networks. (frontiersin.org)
  • Notch signaling pathway is also involved in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation in various tissues 5-6 . (bvsalud.org)
  • We found that the regulation of TE transcription during brain development is essential for the establishment of long-term transcriptional repression carried to adulthood (Paper I and IV). (lu.se)
  • Gene regulation in developmental biology and the cell cycle. (lu.se)
  • TATA-box binding protein is not required for RNA Polymerase II transcription in mouse embryonic stem cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Consider an example with a single gene that is autoregula- tory, i.e. the transcription rate is enhanced when it is bound by its own protein product, X. There are then four possible states of the system. (lu.se)
  • The ubiquitously expressed E4F protein was originally identified as an E1A-regulated cellular transcription factor required for adenovirus replication. (cnrs.fr)
  • The function of this protein in normal cell physiology remains largely unknown. (cnrs.fr)
  • The encoded protein can block ES cell differentiation and can also autorepress its own expression in differentiating cells. (nih.gov)
  • 1. The Stoffers laboratory recently identified the polyC binding protein (PCBP) family of RBPs as important players in the post-transcriptional regulatory landscape of pancreatic beta cells. (upenn.edu)
  • 3. We hypothesize that PDX1-Onecut1 (OC1) interactions, in part mediated by their intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs), regulate Pdx1 stability, cell cycle progression, and pancreatic endocrine differentiation during development. (upenn.edu)
  • a protein required for the asymmetric division of vulval blast cells. (embl.de)
  • Mammalian LH-2, a transcriptional regulatory protein involved in the control of cell differentiation in developing lymphoid and neural cell types. (embl.de)
  • Signaling is initiated when the Wnt ligand binds to the Frizzled receptor on the cell membrane and the LDL receptor-associated protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) co-receptor. (frontiersin.org)
  • Using a wide range of biochemical and lipidomic analyses, we demonstrated that ABTL0812 increases cellular long-chain dihydroceramides by impairing DEGS1 (delta 4-desaturase, sphingolipid 1) activity, which resulted in sustained ER stress and activated unfolded protein response (UPR) via ATF4-DDIT3-TRIB3 that ultimately promotes cytotoxic autophagy in cancer cells. (nih.gov)
  • Within the brain, the PAX6 protein is involved in the development of a specialized group of brain cells that process smell (the olfactory bulb). (medlineplus.gov)
  • In MEF cells with wild type Nrf2 and mouse hepa 1c1c7 cells, Cd increased the Nrf2 protein level but not the Nrf2 mRNA level dose-dependently. (cdc.gov)
  • We show that human and chimpanzee cells differentiate in a similar man¬ner and that the difference in interspecies protein abundance is higher than transcript-level differences, suggesting that post-transcriptional mechanisms play a role in the difference between human and chim¬panzee brain development. (lu.se)
  • protein sorting and protein maturation by passage through the cytoplasmic organelles of the cell. (lu.se)
  • 2000 2003 BRD4 has a direct role in transcription as it associates with positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to enhance RNA polymerase II Alosetron Hydrochloride (RNAP II) and control productive mRNA synthesis (Yang et?al. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Our studies show that Brd4 interacts with the pluripotent factor OCT4 and is important for maintaining stem cell fate and the expression of the lncRNAs controlling XCI. (cancerrealitycheck.com)
  • Embryonic stem cell transcription factor signatures in the diagnosis of primary and metastatic germ cell tumors .Santagata S, Ligon KL, Hornick JL. (testicularcancersociety.org)
  • Enhancer function requires transcription factor (TF) binding and correlates with histone modifications. (biorxiv.org)
  • unbound, bound by the transcription factor X, bound by the RNAP and bound by both X and RNAP. (lu.se)
  • The T-box transcription factor TBX3 has been implicated in regulating embryonic stem cell self-renewal and cardiogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • Undifferentiated mouse ESC from the ES-E14TG2a cell line stained using the BD Stemflow Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cell Transcription Factor Analysis Kit. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The entire BD Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cell Transcription Factor Analysis Kit must be stored in the dark at 2° to 8°C. Do not freeze. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Okamoto K, Okazawa H, Okuda A, Sakai M, Muramatsu M, Hamada H. A novel octamer binding transcription factor is differentially expressed in mouse embryonic cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • BCs are broadly identified by expression of Krt5, Krt14 and the transcription factor p63. (columbia.edu)
  • they form a multiprotein complex with transcription factor TFIID. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • The mutations that cause Peters anomaly reduce the PAX6 protein's ability to bind to DNA, disrupting its role as a transcription factor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These mutations reduce but do not eliminate the protein's normal function, impairing its role as a transcription factor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • We establish that IGF-II-induced HIF2A/EPAS1 expression during hypoxia is due to de novo transcription and further present the estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) transcription factor as a positive regulator of HIF2A. (lu.se)
  • Surprisingly, lineage analysis showed that early in development these cells were able to generate all epithelial cell types of the airways and alveolar compartment. (columbia.edu)
  • However, as development proceeds, they underwent two sequential lineage segregation events to finally generate two regionally distinct adult stem cell pools. (columbia.edu)
  • In summary, we find that ERV expression is a hallmark of cellular identity and cell potency that characterizes the cell populations in early human embryos. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The intricate interplay of gene expression within living cells is akin to a well-orchestrated symphony, with each gene playing its part in perfect harmony to ensure cells function as they should. (phys.org)
  • Lorberbaum DS, Gottlieb D. ( 2011 ) Regulated expression of transgenes in embryonic stem cell-derived neural cells. (neurotree.org)
  • 2007 ) Polony analysis of gene expression in ES cells and blastocysts. (neurotree.org)
  • There is a deficit of expression of Runx1, Tal1, Lyl1 and Cbfb in adult endothelial cells compared to their embryonic counterparts. (biorxiv.org)
  • Using a combination of gene expression profiling and gene regulatory network analysis, we found that endothelial cells from the pancreas, brain, kidney and liver appear to be the most suitable targets for cellular reprogramming into hematopoietic stem cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • The diverse cell types are genetically identical, but differ in their form and function due to differences in gene expression. (edu.au)
  • As ChIP-seq cannot establish physical co-occurrence of two marks on the same allele, admixture of cells that either express (green) or do not express (red) the gene in focus could explain the occurrence of both marks as well as the low expression level in the overall population. (researchgate.net)
  • In contrast, in the case of ''true'' bivalency, virtually all cells in the population carry both marks simultaneously at the promoter in question, leading to low, if any, expression for that gene in all cells. (researchgate.net)
  • Previously, we showed that ABTL0812 induces TRIB3 pseudokinase expression, resulting in the inhibition of the AKT-MTORC1 axis and macroautophagy/autophagy-mediated cancer cell death. (nih.gov)
  • Aim: To detect the expression of molecules associated with Notch signaling pathway in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) cultured in specific differentiation medium, namely, keratinocyte growth medium (KGM). (bvsalud.org)
  • Knowledge on the expression analysis of Notch signaling pathway molecules in SHED cultured in KGM could highlight its involvement in controlling the biological activity of these stem cells, particularly during odontogenesis and other developmental process. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, expression of IGF-II and HIF-2α correlates in neuroblastoma cell lines, tumors and in sympathetic neuroblasts during embryonic week 6.5, but not later, suggesting that these IGF-II and HIF-2α expressing neuroblastomas originate from sympathetic pre-ganglia at developmental week 6.5 or earlier. (lu.se)
  • Autofluorescence imaging permits label-free cell type identification in live airway tissue and reveals the dynamic formation of airway secretory cell associated antigen passages. (elifesciences.org)
  • 2020 ) Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy after allogeneic stem cell transplant for relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma. (neurotree.org)
  • [ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)
  • The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)
  • The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is brain. (lu.se)
  • A long-term multi-organ co-culture system coupled with quantitative imaging to visualize blood cell cycle progression, analyze polarized blood cell mitosis, and track blood cell differentiation kinetics during Drosophila hematopoiesis in homeostatic condition and following infection. (elifesciences.org)
  • Reduced number and function of insulin-secreting beta cells underlies the progression of all forms of diabetes, underscoring the translational relevance of deciphering molecular pathways regulating the formation, growth, and function of beta cells. (upenn.edu)
  • Furthermore, the Wnt/β-catenin can crosstalk with other signaling pathways including Notch, FGF, Hedgehog, and TGF-β/BMP signaling cascades to form a signaling network to regulate the survival and progression of cancer cells ( 14 - 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Temporal multimodal single-cell profiling of native hematopoiesis illuminates altered differentiation trajectories with age. (lu.se)
  • SHED has the ability to be differentiated to specific cell lineages such as odontoblasts and osteoblasts as well as epithelial like cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • BMP-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) triggers L/R asymmetric cell movements toward the midline, higher from the right, which are crucial for heart laterality in. (researchgate.net)
  • SHED was able to differentiate into epithelial like cells when cultured in keratinocyte growth medium (KGM) 2 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Since the Notch signaling pathway molecules play an important role in differentiation of epithelial cells, it is important to identify the presence of notch signaling molecules in SHED during the process of cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The developmental capacity of nuclei transplanted from keratinized skin cells of adult frogs. (springer.com)
  • Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells. (springer.com)
  • However, the embryonic origin of these adult stem cells remains elusive. (columbia.edu)
  • Previous reports showed that p63+ cells appear early during airway development, but these do not express markers of adult BCs, raising the question whether these cells represent BC precursors. (columbia.edu)
  • Moreover, little was known whether embryonic BCs have an impact in the adult pool of progenitors that mediate responses of the lung to injury or pulmonary diseases. (columbia.edu)
  • In addition, single cell RNA-sequencing analyses revealed heterogeneity of adult BCs in the tracheal and esophageal epithelia. (columbia.edu)
  • Here, we used single-cell transcriptomics analysis to compare embryonic and post-natal endothelial cells to investigate the potential of adult vasculature to be reprogrammed in hematopoietic stem cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • During embryonic development, the unique cellular phenotypes of the adult are established. (edu.au)
  • Therefore, gene activity is an important mechanism in embryonic development and adult stem cell differentiation. (edu.au)
  • Stochastic models of gene transcription with upstream drives: exact solution and sample path characterization. (crossref.org)
  • 2008 ) Embryonic stem cells as a platform for analyzing neural gene transcription. (neurotree.org)
  • Therefore, development of new techniques to analyze the dynamics of gene transcription and spatial organization is required. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Dr. Ochiai further stated, "The ROLEX system will provide unprecedented insight into the relationship between gene transcription and nuclear dynamics in living cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • 1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)
  • Firstly, we present a robust 2-week protocol for the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into forebrain neural progenitor cells. (lu.se)
  • Human pluripotent stem cells, with their ability to proliferate indefinitely and to differentiate into virtually all cell types of the human body, provide a novel resource to study human development and to implement relevant disease models. (mdpi.com)
  • Here, we employed a human pancreatic differentiation platform complemented with an shRNA screen in human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to identify potential drivers of early endoderm and pancreatic development. (mdpi.com)
  • DMH-1 induces intestinal differentiation in human intestinal organoids (hIOs) derived from human pluripotent stems cells (hPSCs). (tocris.com)
  • Abstract:) 'To dissect Pol II dynamics in mouse ES cells, [researchers] inhibited Pol II transcription at either initiation or promoter-proximal pause escape with Triptolide or Flavopiridol, and tracked Pol II kinetically using GRO-seq [global run-on sequencing]. (harvard.edu)
  • Martin GR. Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells. (springer.com)
  • Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos. (springer.com)
  • One option to get hematopoietic stem cells matching perfectly a patient is cellular reprogramming. (biorxiv.org)
  • Thus, it has been argued that the observed bivalency simply reflects cellular heterogeneity arising from the averaging of cells that carry either, but not both, marks at a given locus (Fig. 2). (researchgate.net)
  • Accordingly, pharmacological manipulation to increase cellular dihydroceramides or incubation with exogenous dihydroceramides resulted in ER stress, UPR and autophagy-mediated cancer cell death. (nih.gov)
  • According to the cancer stem cell (CSC) concept, the cellular hierarchy in normal tissues is preserved in a number of hematological and solid malignancies. (medscape.com)
  • Meshorer is the Arthur Gutterman Chair for Stem Cell Research. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evans MD, Kelley J. US attitudes toward human embryonic stem cell research. (springer.com)
  • The finding, described in 2006, transformed stem cell research by providing a new source of cells that resemble embryonic stem cells, which are able to give rise to any type of specialized cell in the body except sex cells. (scientificamerican.com)
  • To circumvent these obstacles, we have developed two methods for the investigation of human neural cells in culture. (lu.se)
  • Hematopoietic stem cells are crucial for the continuous production of blood cells during life. (biorxiv.org)
  • Hematopoietic stem cells emerge from endothelial cells in blood vessels during embryogenesis through the endothelial to hematopoietic transition. (biorxiv.org)
  • Overall, our work provides an important resource for the rational design of a reprogramming strategy for the generation of hematopoietic stem cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) involves the intravenous infusion of hematopoietic stem cells in order to reestablish blood cell production in patients whose bone marrow or immune system is damaged or defective. (medscape.com)
  • However, given that bivalent domains can still be observed-albeit in lower proportion-in unipotent cells such as T cells and MEFs, an admixture of cell populations appears to be an unlikely explanation for the observed coexistence of these marks. (researchgate.net)
  • [ 2 ] In addition, some tumor types do not appear to adhere to the CSC concept at all [ 3 , 4 ] or may have multiple independent tumor-initiating cell populations. (medscape.com)
  • Abnormally activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a crucial role in promoting malignant tumor occurrence, development, recurrence, and metastasis, particularly in cancer stem cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Using the SURVEYOR nuclease assay 13 , we assessed the ability of each Cas9-sgRNA complex to generate indels in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293FT cells through the induction of DNA doublestranded breaks (DSBs) and subsequent nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA damage repair (Online Methods). (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to initiating stage-specific transcription, many ERV families contain preserved splice sites that join the ERV segment with non-ERV exons in their genomic vicinity. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • We have made significant progress during the previous granting period which has resulted in a publication in Genome Research detailing genomic DNA methylation changes in a variety of human embryonic stem cells and their derivatives. (ca.gov)
  • 100 predicted genomic off-target loci in 293T and 293FT cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Here we combine theory and experiment to analyze the dynamics of euchromatin organization as pluripotent zebrafish cells exit mitosis and begin transcription. (nature.com)
  • Our results establish a crucial role for E4F during early embryonic cell cycles and reveal an unexpected function for E4F in mitosis. (cnrs.fr)
  • Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)
  • Specifically, transcription sites establish pockets by displacing nontranscribed euchromatin and act as macromolecular amphiphiles that stabilize these pockets in a microphase-separated configuration. (nature.com)
  • In addition, Wnt/β-catenin has emerged as a critical regulator of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which is considered one of the root causes of cancer recurrence and metastasis because of their heterogeneity and plasticity ( 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)
  • Embryonic stem cells have been identified by scientist as a type of stem cell that can advance regenerative medicine. (bartleby.com)
  • The potential of regenerative medicine ranges from allowing pancreatic cells to produce insulin for diabetics to reconnecting the nerves in severed spinal cords. (bartleby.com)
  • Stem cells and regenerative medicine - future perspectives. (springer.com)
  • Stem cells in regenerative medicine: introduction. (springer.com)
  • N-cadherin-mediated adhesion is essential for maintaining the tissue architecture and stem cell niche in the developing neocortex. (researchgate.net)
  • For example, retinal cells that could be used to replace damaged retinal tissue. (jove.com)
  • Basal cells (BCs) are multipotent tissue-specific stem cells of a variety of organs including the skin, digestive and respiratory tract. (columbia.edu)
  • Normal multipotent tissue stem cells (SCs) are the driving force behind tissue turnover and repair. (medscape.com)
  • Normal proliferative tissues contain multipotent stem cells (SCs) that drive tissue turnover. (medscape.com)
  • By contrast, transit amplifying cells and differentiated cells are incapable of self-renewal and tissue regeneration. (medscape.com)
  • This is not necessarily a problem for the cell or tissue because multiple copies of mtDNA are present in each cell (in oocytes, this is in the region of 100,000 copies per cell), and both wild type and mutated mtDNA can coexist, a situation known as heteroplasmy. (medscape.com)
  • Use of human fetal tissue raises several ethical issues, but are there alternative cell sources that can substitute effectively? (lu.se)
  • Through understanding functional recovery in terms of neuronal subtype and connectivity, the work presented in this thesis aims to bring the prospect of CRT closer to the clinic, I also describe the generation of a very promising alternative cell source that could rival fetal tissue. (lu.se)
  • The thymic selection of the human T-cell receptor repertoire releases polyspecific receptors with the ability to recognize and respond to peptides from unrelated viruses. (elifesciences.org)
  • In vitro, most HRVs and HEVs differ by genotype associated with respiratory symptoms and acute their optimal growth temperature, acid tolerance, receptor otitis media, confi rming the close relationship between rhi- usage, and cell tropism. (cdc.gov)
  • Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)
  • Smart-seq2 for sensitive full-length transcriptome profiling in single cells. (crossref.org)
  • We speculate that by coupling RNA processing to the status and activity of Pol II itself, the cell ensures that nascent RNA is properly protected from degradation and efficiently matures into a functional mRNA. (nature.com)
  • Until recently, it was thought that most Fragile X syndrome patients exhibited complete methylation and thus no FMR1 mRNA transcription. (fraxa.org)
  • 2019 ) Intracellular delivery of mRNA to human primary T cells with microfluidic vortex shedding. (neurotree.org)
  • Meshorer conducts experimental and computational research in the field of epigenetics, molecular biology, pluripotent stem cells, disease models, and epigenetics of ancient DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • He published over a hundred papers in these fields, and edited several books including The Cell Biology of Stem Cells (2010) with Kathrin Plath (UCLA) and Stem Cell Epigenetics (2019) with Giuseppe Testa (IEO). (wikipedia.org)
  • The Cell Biology of Stem Cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nature Cell Biology. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • We believe that the system will become a powerful tool not only in cell biology but also in other fields, including biomedical research and clinical therapy. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals that Differentiation and Spatial Signatures Shape Epidermal and Hair Follicle Heterogeneity. (crossref.org)
  • You erase all of these signatures that look like aging or any abnormal signatures, and [cells are] being reset essentially to the baseline 'perfect' epigenome," Meissner says. (scientificamerican.com)
  • The cancer stem cell theory holds that tumors also contain stem-like cells that drive tumor growth and metastasis formation. (medscape.com)
  • The CSC is defined as a cancer cell with self-renewing capacity that can regenerate the original tumor in all its differentiated heterogeneity. (medscape.com)
  • Establishment of germ-line-competent embryonic stem (ES) cells using differentiation inhibiting activity. (springer.com)
  • These studies revealed a previously unrecognized broader role of embryonic p63+ cells in the establishment of the stem cell pools of the lung pre and postnatally. (columbia.edu)
  • The exploration of PDX1 partners and targets takes us into new areas including mechanistic investigations of beta cell development, metabolism and postnatal cell survival. (upenn.edu)
  • Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are multipotent stem cells derived from the pulp tissues of extracted deciduous teeth 1 . (bvsalud.org)