Transcription binding sites within promoter. Medical search. Frequent questions

We assign transcription initiation sites to 7691 protein-coding genes and find that they display features typical of eukaryotic promoters. (nih.gov)
Inhibition of proprotein convertase SKI-1 blocks transcription of key extracellular matrix genes regulating osteoblastic mineralization. (nih.gov)
For example, steroid and thyroid hormones directly bind to nuclear receptors, which induce expression of specific genes. (intechopen.com)
To isolate possible mechanisms underlying these structural and functional changes, we used whole-genome RNA sequencing and found prominent dopamine-induced enrichment of genes containing the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) motif, suggesting involvement of chromatin restructuring in the nucleus. (jneurosci.org)
We further show that this plasticity depends on activation of genes sensitive to DNA-binding protein CTCF. (jneurosci.org)
Our in silico findings report that there is cross-regulation between both pathways at the level of gene transcription regulation, mediated by the presence of binding sites for both factors in promoters of genes essential for these pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper we examine evidence for a direct crosstalk of the NF-κB and IRF3 signaling pathways at the lowest level, between main transcription factors and genes coding for these transcription factors. (biomedcentral.com)
We analyzed respective gene promoters' sequences using in silico methods for identification of transcription binding sites, mainly in the NF-κB- and IRF-coding genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Conserved transcription factor-binding sites within promoter regions of human RON genes were then searched. (spandidos-publications.com)
This is followed by DNA demethylation of many gene promoters and upregulation of demethylated germline genes. (ca.gov)
Tet1 binding is enriched near the transcription start site of genes affected by vitamin C treatment. (ca.gov)
At high concentration of cI, transcriptions of both genes are repressed. (wikidoc.org)
In particular, mutations in DNA binding sites recognized by transcription factors can alter regulator binding affinities and, consequently, expression of target genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we show through systematic epigenetic studies that the histone acetyltransferase p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) promotes acetylation of histone 3 Lys 9 at the promoters of established key regeneration-associated genes following a peripheral but not a central axonal injury. (nature.com)
We found that p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF)-dependent acetylation of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9ac), paralleled by a reduction in methylation of H3K9 (H3K9me2), occurred at the promoters of select genes only after PNS axonal injury. (nature.com)
Experiments "show that site-specific mutations in either G or I, but not GT boxes, in the context of the full rbcS-IA promoter, drastically affect the rbcS-IA promoter-dependent expression of Adh and [ β -glucuronidas] GUS reporter genes. (wikiversity.org)
Although the RBCS1, RBCS2 and RBCS3A promoters contain closely related cis regulatory sequences, the expression patterns of the genes are different. (wikiversity.org)
Whereas the RBCS1 and RBCS2 genes are expressed in both leaves and young fruit, the RBCS3A promoter is highly active in leaves, but not in young fruit. (wikiversity.org)
With a kinetic modeling approach we ascribe function to the observed OCT4-SOX2-NANOG network by making plausible assumptions about the interactions between the transcription factors at the gene promoter binding sites and RNA polymerase (RNAP), at each of the three genes as well as the target genes. (lu.se)
[ 4 ] The 6 genes involved in WS are PAX3 (encoding the paired box 3 transcription factor), MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor), EDN3 (endothelin 3), EDNRB (endothelin receptor type B), SOX10 (encoding the Sry bOX10 transcription factor), and SNAI2 (snail homolog 2), with different frequencies. (medscape.com)
These dCas9-activator fusions targeted to the promoter region of endogenous genes can then modulate gene expression 7 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Several predicted interacting proteins and functional sites on the protein have been identified. (wikipedia.org)
The others are the site-specific TFs or the DNA sequence-specific binding proteins. (intechopen.com)
Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)
The virus promoter-enhancer DNA sequence was also found to bind some of the proteins that recongnize a consensus estrogen response element (ERE) (Miller et al. (usda.gov)
Electromobility shift assays were done to find if proteins from the nucleus bind to the DNA sequence at the TSP. (usda.gov)
Assays showed that multiple proteins can bind to this sequence and that one of these is the transcription regulator delta-EF1 (dEF1). (usda.gov)
This promoter-enhancer also binds unidentified proteins that recognize a consensus estrogen response element (ERE) (Miller et al. (usda.gov)
Electromobility shift assays showed that the transcription regulator delta-EF1 (dEF1) is one of the proteins that recognize the E box region. (usda.gov)
The process of canonical autophagy follows a hierarchical-ordered recruitment of autophagy-related (ATG) proteins to the phagophore assembly site [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Interestingly, recent data suggest a function for ULK1 not only during autophagy activation but also during elongation and closure of the autophagosomal membrane via binding to ATG8 proteins [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
This increases the transcription of proteins such as CpxP, DegP and CpxR. (igem.org)
IRS proteins bind to the phosphorylated residues on the IR and subsequently recruit the regulatory subunit p85 of PI3K. (jci.org)
LeMYBI is the first isolated I-box binding protein and is a member of a novel class of myb-like proteins which to date is found exclusively in plants. (wikiversity.org)
Members of the recently discovered ARID (AT-rich interaction domain) family of DNA-binding proteins are found in fungi and invertebrate and vertebrate metazoans. (embl.de)
A novel class of DNA-binding domains has been established from at leastsixteen recently identified DNA-binding proteins. (embl.de)
Characterization of the dead ringer gene identifies a novel, highlyconserved family of sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins. (embl.de)
Other proteins containing the conserved motifinclude yeast SWI1, two human retinoblastoma binding proteins, and othermammalian regulatory proteins. (embl.de)
Gelretardation and optimal binding site screens revealed that the in vitrosequence specificity of DRI is strikingly similar to that of manyhomeodomain proteins, although the sequence and predicted secondarystructure do not resemble a homeodomain. (embl.de)
Several skeletal dysplasias in specific dog breeds have been associated with mutations in members of the collagen gene family or its binding proteins ( 8 - 10 ), fibrilin related protein ( 11 ), as well as an altered sulfate transporter protein ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
[ 1 ] Neutrophils move to the site of invasion by means of chemotaxis, which occurs in response to microbial products, activated complement proteins, and cytokines. (medscape.com)
Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
Among the established custom DNA binding domains, Cas9 is most easily scaled to facilitate genome-scale perturbations 3 , 4 due to its simplicity of programming relative to zinc finger proteins and transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs). (cdc.gov)
Using the novel CRISPR/Cas9-based enChIP technology in combination with SILAC-MS, we have isolated and identified potential regulatory proteins bound to the HIF2A promoter at normoxia and hypoxia. (lu.se)

One notable transcription factor is the Retinoblastoma-binding protein with demethylase activity. (wikipedia.org)
These sites include cAMP and cGMP dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites, casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, and a protein kinase C phosphorylation site. (wikipedia.org)
The initial 5' end of most protein-coding transcripts is removed by trans-splicing, and noncoding initiation sites have not been investigated. (nih.gov)
First, the general TFs (GTFs), including preinitiation complex components TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, and THIIH, are the primary protein factors that are required for the initiation of transcription from the TATA box (or TATA element), then elongation is executed by RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
Stimulation of TLRs (Toll-Like Receptors) by a pathogen induces activation of signal transduction cascades, which leads to translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) to the nucleus [ 1 ], activation of interferon regulatory factors 3/7 (IRF3/7) and/or activator protein-1 (AP-1), which cooperate to induce transcription of various cytokines such as alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β) to counteract infection [ 2 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The chicken infectious anemia virus (CAV) gene promoter fused to the gene for enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was used to measure virus activity in response to estrogen. (usda.gov)
Expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under control of the promoter-enhancer of chicken infectious anemia virus (CAV) is increased in an estrogen receptor-enhanced cell line when treated with estrogen. (usda.gov)
The protein kinase B/AKT and phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) bind to PIP 3 via their pleckstrin homology (PH) domains. (jci.org)
Both Int and IHF bind to attP and form an intasome , a DNA-protein-complex designed for site-specific recombination of the phage and host DNA. (wikidoc.org)
It regulates the transcription of the cI protein and the Cro protein. (wikidoc.org)
Results DIM, but not I3C, increased adipocyte differentiation through upregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α. (researchgate.net)
To gain insight into the regulation of this promoter, we analyzed protein-DNA interactions by in vivo DMS and DNasel footprinting during the course of adenovirus infection. (princeton.edu)
Little or no protein interaction at promoter sequences was detected early (5 hr) after infection but strong interactions at the major late transcription factor (MLTF/USF) binding site and at the TATA box were evident late (12 hr) after infection. (princeton.edu)
This lack of transcription could be due to a mutation in the RBCS3A promoter creating the so-called F-box, a protein binding site located between the activating cis elements, the I-box and G-box. (wikiversity.org)
1991), but to date no I-box binding protein has been cloned from plants. (wikiversity.org)
We show that dri encodes a nuclear protein that contains asequence-specific DNA-binding domain that bears no similarity to knownDNA-binding domains. (embl.de)
In line with a more complex picture, multiple isoforms of the protein likely exist and non-centrosomal sites of localisation have been reported. (springer.com)
To demonstrate the flexibility and modular nature of the liposome system, 10 recombinant surface antigens representing distinct influenza virus strains were bound simultaneously to generate a highly multivalent protein particle that with 5 ng individual antigen dosing induced antibodies in mice that specifically recognized the constituent immunogens and conferred protection against heterologous H5N1 influenza virus challenge. (cdc.gov)
The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is a candidate vaccine antigen that binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2), leading to virus entry. (cdc.gov)
Cas9 nuclease can be converted into an RNA-guided DNA binding protein (dCas9) via inactivation of its two catalytic domains 12 , 13 and then fused to transcription activation domains. (cdc.gov)
We have used Southern blot technique to test whether a gene of the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) family, CHOP, which maps to 12q13 and is assumed to be involved in adipocyte differentiation, could be the 12q gene in question. (lu.se)
TCDD for every step of the mechanism described for 2,3,7,8-TCDD carcinogenesis in humans including receptor binding, gene expression, protein activity changes, cellular replication, oxidative stress, promotion in initiation-promotion studies and complete carcinogenesis in laboratory animals. (who.int)
17beta-Estradiol (0.01-10 nmol/l) increased expression of the alpha(2C)-AR protein and the activity of the alpha(2C)-AR gene promoter in human cultured dermal VSMs, which was assessed following transient transfection of the cells with a promoter-reporter construct. (cdc.gov)
The effect of 17beta-estradiol was associated with increased accumulation of cAMP and activation of the cAMP-responsive Rap2 GTP-binding protein. (cdc.gov)
The transcription of COX-1 yields a 2.7-kilobase (kb) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that encodes a 576-residue, 65-kd protein. (medscape.com)
Conversely, the transcription of COX-2 yields a 4.5-kb mRNA that encodes a 70-kd protein with roughly 70-75% homology to the COX-1 protein. (medscape.com)

Classification tasks included the prediction of enhancer and promoter sequences and transcription factor binding sites. (nvidia.com)
The extracellular sequences of RON contain several domains including an N-terminal semaphorin (sema) domain, followed by the plexin, semaphorin, integrin (PSI) domain, and four immunoglobulin, plexin, transcription factor (IPT) domains. (spandidos-publications.com)
A long virus promoter construct that included sequences downstream from the transcription start point (TSP) expressed lower levels of EGFP than a shorter sequence that stopped at the TSP. (usda.gov)

Transcriptional activity of 5-HT 1A receptor promoter containing rs198585630 C/T allele was determined in vitro . (frontiersin.org)
We demonstrated that transcriptional activity of 5-HT 1A receptor promoter containing rs198585630 C allele was higher than that of 5-HT 1A receptor promoter containing T allele. (frontiersin.org)
The transcriptional activity of 5-HT 1A receptor promoter was stimulated by 30 mW/cm 2 microwave exposure, and rs198585630 C allele was more sensitive to microwave exposure, as it showed stronger transcriptional activation. (frontiersin.org)
Its receptor binding site is VEGF-A, which is known to promote vascular generation and leakage and to cause nAMD. (molvis.org)
Cotransfection assays were done, using expression vectors for thyroid receptor (TR) or chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor 1 (COUP-TF1) to increase the levels of these hormone receptors in the cells containing the CAV promoter driving expression of EGFP. (usda.gov)
This tested for transcription regulation by these members of the nuclear receptor family that also recognize a consensus ERE. (usda.gov)
Cotransfection assays, using expression vectors for thyroid receptor (TR) or chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor 1 (COUP-TF1) and the CAV promoter driving expression of EGFP, were used to test for transcription regulation by these members of the nuclear receptor family that also recognize a consensus ERE. (usda.gov)
Insulin binds to its receptor on POMC and AgRP neurons, stimulating receptor autophosphorylation and activating its signal cascade. (jci.org)
Leptin binds to its receptor, leading to recruitment of JAKs, which phosphorylate the receptor. (jci.org)
The STAT3 monomer binds to the activated leptin receptor and is phosphorylated by JAKs. (jci.org)
Bacteriophage Lambda binds to the target E. coli cell, the tail tip binding to a maltose receptor. (wikidoc.org)
Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) belongs to the semaphorin family, which binds to receptors such as Pleixn-B1 (transmembrane structure receptor), CD72 (cluster of differentiation antigen 72, mainly expresses on lymphocyte cells), then activates downstream signaling molecules. (jcancer.org)
80%) against epitopes residing outside the receptor-binding domain (RBD). (cdc.gov)
We establish that IGF-II-induced HIF2A/EPAS1 expression during hypoxia is due to de novo transcription and further present the estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) transcription factor as a positive regulator of HIF2A. (lu.se)

Although "the P3, P6 substitutions alter the conserved 'GATAAG' I box motif, a 'GATA' motif is present in the introduced EcoRV site. (wikiversity.org)
A novel DNA-binding motif shares structural homology to DNA replicationand repair nucleases and polymerases. (embl.de)
This new DNA-binding motif shares structuralhomology with T4 RNase H, E. coli endonuclease III and Bacillus subtilisDNA polymerase I. The structural homology suggests a mechanism forsubstrate recognition by these enzymes. (embl.de)
As a proangiogenic response effecter, the interaction of Sema4D with plexin-B1 is dependent on the COOH-terminal PDZ-binding motif of plexin-B1, which binds two guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho and is mediated by the activation of Rho-initiated (Ras homolog gene family) pathways ( 4 - 8 ). (jcancer.org)
Mutation in a winged-helix DNA-binding motif causes atypical bare lymphocyte syndrome. (lu.se)

Directed elongation from an upstream enhancer toward a downstream gene could potentially deliver RNA polymerase II to a proximal promoter, or alternatively might function directly as a distal promoter. (nih.gov)
These models demonstrate state-of-the-art performance across many prediction tasks, such as promoter and enhancer site predictions. (nvidia.com)

Some of these transcription factors include TFIIB, Mouse Krueppel like factor, and NKX homeodomain factors. (wikipedia.org)
Recent global analyses of gene transcripts revealed that specific transcription factors (TFs) and their networking systems physiologically correspond to the onset of human diseases, including cancer. (intechopen.com)
Transcription factors are divided into two groups. (intechopen.com)
The short length and high degeneracy of sites recognized by DNA-binding transcription factors limit the amount of information they can carry, and individual sites are rarely sufficient to mediate the regulation of specific targets. (nih.gov)
Computational analysis of microbial genomes has suggested that many factors function optimally when in a particular orientation and position with respect to their target promoters. (nih.gov)
We found evidence of non-random organization of sites within promoters, differences in binding site density, or both for thirty-eight transcription factors. (nih.gov)
We show that these signatures allow transcription factors with substantial differences in binding site specificity to share similar promoter specificities. (nih.gov)
We conclude that members of the NF-κB family may directly impact regulation of IRF family, while IRF members impact regulation of NF-κB family rather indirectly, via other transcription factors such as AP-1 and SP1. (biomedcentral.com)
NF-κB also controls expression of the downstream IFN auto-amplification loop through STAT1, IRF-1, −5, and −7 transcription factors. (biomedcentral.com)
Cancer somatic mutations in binding sites of selected transcription factors have been found under positive selection. (biomedcentral.com)
For many transcription factors, including multiple members of FOX, HOX, and NR families, we show that human cancers accumulate fewer mutations than expected by chance that increase or decrease affinity of predicted binding sites. (biomedcentral.com)
Further analysis of transcription factors with conserved binding motifs can reveal cell regulatory pathways crucial for the survivability of various human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent ChIP experiments of human and mouse embryonic stem cells have elucidated the architecture of the transcriptional regulatory circuitry responsible for cell determination, which involves the transcription factors OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG. (lu.se)
Because adaptation may involve the structure of virulence factors (by antigenic variation) and their regulation, we extended our studies on the evolution of B. pertussis by investigating polymorphism in the promoter of Ptx ( ptxP ), a major virulence factor and component of all pertussis vaccines ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)

Remarkably, productive transcription elongation across these enhancers is predominantly in the same orientation as that of the nearest downstream gene. (nih.gov)

Aberrant DNA methylation changes the genomic transcription, representing promising molecular targets for better cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. (selectbiosciences.com)

Chromatin interactions can connect distal transcription factor binding sites with target gene promoters. (selectbiosciences.com)
In this talk, I will introduce Chromatin Interaction Analysis with Paired-End Tag sequencing (ChIA-PET), a next-generation sequencing-based method for identifying chromatin interactions between transcription factor binding sites on a genome-wide scale which was part of the ENCODE consortium. (selectbiosciences.com)
Our results suggest that chromatin interactions may be a major mechanism by which transcription regulation occurs in human cells. (selectbiosciences.com)

Site-1 protease inhibits mitochondrial respiration by controlling the TGF-β target gene Mss51. (nih.gov)
By phosphorylating and excluding FOXO1 from the nucleus, insulin de-inhibits the promoter, thereby increasing POMC expression. (jci.org)
Consequently, insulin de-inhibits and leptin activates the POMC promoter. (jci.org)
Insulin deactivates and leptin inhibits the AgRP promoter. (jci.org)

Molecular mechanisms of the initiation of transcription from TATA box have been well known as the most essential nuclear events in mammalian cells. (intechopen.com)
Promoters were characterized by her describing the molecular process behind transcription activation. (wepapers.com)
The molecular composition and binding epitopes of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies that circulate in blood plasma following SARS-CoV-2 infection are unknown. (cdc.gov)

Our results provide a new resource to investigate transcription regulation in metazoans. (nih.gov)
This page displays every known transcription unit of this operon and their known regulation. (unam.mx)
These results indicate that DNA replication participates in the regulation of adenovirus late gene expression by facilitating the binding of a transcription factor to the major late promoter. (princeton.edu)
In addition, these two binding sites play different roles in the regulation of Sema4D expression in HUVEC and Caco-2 cells. (jcancer.org)
Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

CTCF binding to promoter sites bidirectionally regulates gene transcription and depends on activation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). (jneurosci.org)

Many distal transcription factor binding sites have been observed. (selectbiosciences.com)

Here insulin decreases FOXO1-mediated transcription of AgRP by excluding FOXO1 from the nucleus. (jci.org)
Upon phosphorylation, two STATs homodimerize and translocate to the nucleus, where they activate POMC transcription in POMC neurons and decrease AgRP transcription in AgRP neurons. (jci.org)

The promoter for the tmem242 gene is located upstream, but includes the transcription and translational start sites. (wikipedia.org)
Using PCR generated, site-specific probes corresponding to the non-coding exons 1 and 2 and intron 2 of CHOP, rearrangements in five of seven tumors mapped to the 2.4 and 1.6 kbp PstI fragments that contain the first two exons and introns of the gene and the upstream promoter region. (lu.se)

A number of promoter mutations have been linked with an increased risk of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Analysis of mutations and chromosomal localisation of the gene encoding RFX5, a novel transcription factor affected in major histocompatibility complex class II deficiency. (lu.se)

Hypomorphic mutation in the site-1 protease Mbtps1 endows resistance to persistent viral infection in a cell-specific manner. (nih.gov)
Mutation of an E box-like sequence at the TSP restored expression of this longer promoter to the same level as the short promoter. (usda.gov)

These structures use binding, both traditional and modified, to create stem loop structures in the untranslated regions of the mRNA. (wikipedia.org)
Such stability of binding motifs is even more exhibited in DNase accessible regions. (biomedcentral.com)
RNA polymerase is the enzyme that transcribes RNA from DNA and binds DNA at promoter regions. (wepapers.com)
At the genic level, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in noncoding regions of the human resistin gene were either not significantly associated with insulin resistance ( 4 , 5 ) or associated with an insulin sensitivity index in the case of a different promoter SNP from the one that we present in this article ( 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Various cell types can process and present these antigens to T cells, or antigens may be soluble and bound to B-cell receptors. (medscape.com)
Therefore, 17beta-estradiol increased expression of alpha(2C)-ARs by interacting with cell surface receptors to cause a cAMP/Rap2-dependent increase in alpha(2C)-AR transcription. (cdc.gov)

This promoter has many transcription factor binding sites. (wikipedia.org)
Based on the overlap of transcription initiation clusters with mapped transcription factor binding sites, we define 2361 transcribed intergenic enhancers. (nih.gov)

To investigate this further, we developed and trained spatial models of binding site positioning and applied them to the genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (nih.gov)
For each of the datatypes , Pathway Tools provides querying capabilities, visualization tools (such as for drawing pathways and genome maps), and interactive editing tools to allow users to update data (such as modifying a metabolic pathway or defining a new DNA binding site for a transcription factor). (sri.com)
The integration of phage λ takes place at a special attachment site in the bacterial genome, called att λ . (wikidoc.org)
Tiling a given promoter region with several sgRNAs can produce more robust transcriptional activation 9 - 11 , but this requirement presents enormous challenges for scalability, and in particular for establishing pooled, genome-wide GOF screens. (cdc.gov)

Bidirectional transcription is frequent, with a peak of transcriptional pairing at 120 bp. (nih.gov)

associated Gene Ontology annotation of this binding site. (ugent.be)

binds specifically to the I-box and activates transcription in yeast and plants. (wikiversity.org)

Increasing the binding strength of NANOG to OCT4 and SOX2, or increasing its basal transcriptional rate, leads to an irreversible bistable switch: The switch remains ON even when the activating signal is removed. (lu.se)

Deletions at the 3' end of the long promoter that left the E box intact did not restore promoter activity. (usda.gov)

G promoter SNP and potentially cellular oxidative stress. (diabetesjournals.org)

We present evidence that in the Netherlands the dramatic increase in pertussis is temporally associated with the emergence of Bordetella pertussis strains carrying a novel allele for the pertussis toxin promoter, which confers increased pertussis toxin (Ptx) production. (cdc.gov)

We illustrate how spatial information dictating the positioning and density of binding sites can in principle increase the information available to the organism for differentiating a transcription factor's true targets, and we indicate how this information could potentially be leveraged for the same purpose in bioinformatic analyses. (nih.gov)
These images illustrate the promoters of choice by team Calgary for detection of periplasmic stress. (igem.org)

Binding of complement to a foreign substance, or antigen, amplifies and augments the body's innate immune system by means of its role as an opsonin (a factor that enhances phagocytosis of unwanted particles) and as a chemoattractant (a factor that recruits cells to areas of inflammation). (medscape.com)
After a complex process of education and maturation, a circulating lymphocyte can bind to an antigen. (medscape.com)
Antigen binding via His-tag insertion into the CoPoP bilayer results in a serum-stable and conformationally intact display of the RBD on the liposome surface. (cdc.gov)
They are expressed on endothelial cells and bind to the integrins CD 11a/CD 18 (lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1) and VLA-4, respectively. (medscape.com)

G, had significantly increased basal promoter activity in adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)

Site-1 protease is essential to growth plate maintenance and is a critical regulator of chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation in postnatal mice. (nih.gov)
cIII binds to cII partially preventing protease vulnerability. (wikidoc.org)

Comparison of in vivo and in vitro footprints revealed that the in vivo interaction late after infection results from binding of the cellular transcription factor MLTF/USF. (princeton.edu)

RNA polymerase transcription initiation sites are largely unknown in Caenorhabditis elegans. (nih.gov)
We characterized the landscape of RNA Pol II transcription initiation, identifying 73,500 distinct clusters of initiation. (nih.gov)

A novel DNA-binding regulatory factor is mutated in primary MHC class II deficiency (bare lymphocyte syndrome). (lu.se)

Transcription starts, from the L, R and R' promoters producing the 'immediate early' transcripts. (wikidoc.org)

A mouse B-cell-specific regulator exhibits75% identity with DRI over the 137-amino-acid DNA-binding domains of theseproteins, indicating a high degree of conservation of this domain. (embl.de)

Viral DNA replication was required for MLTF/USF binding at the major late promoter. (princeton.edu)

Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
The activity of the adenovirus major late promoter is substantially Increased as the infection proceeds from the early to late phase. (princeton.edu)
Transient transfection of VSMs with a dominant-negative mutant of Rap2 inhibited the 17beta-estradiol-induced activation of the alpha(2C)-AR gene promoter, whereas a constitutively active mutant of Rap2 increased alpha(2C)-AR promoter activity. (cdc.gov)

ATSDR conducts public health assessments to evaluate possible public health implications of contaminants associated with hazardous waste sites and other environmental releases. (cdc.gov)
ATSDR is currently involved in several site assessments that address the potential for residential and community exposures to persistent fibers from past industrial operations (e.g., vermiculite processing plants across the country), hazardous waste sites, and dust generated from the World Trade Center (WTC) collapses in lower Manhattan. (cdc.gov)
Public health officials and others concerned with appropriate actions to take at hazardous waste sites may want information on levels of exposure associated with more subtle effects in humans or animals (LOAELs) or exposure levels below which no adverse effects (NOAELs) have been observed. (cdc.gov)

Constitutively active RON variants may be generated by alternative splicing (RONΔ165, RONΔ160, and RONΔ155) or by methylation-dependent promoter usage [short form RON (sfRON)] ( 10 , 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Among the epigenetic entities, DNA methylation is the best characterized and contributes to the transmission of the long-lasting transcription memory through cell division and therefore the phenotype. (selectbiosciences.com)

Opsonins are often antibodies or components of the complement pathway that bind to the surface of target organisms to facilitate this phagocytosis. (medscape.com)

Among HRE1-4, HRE2 and HRE4 were functional HIF-1α binding sites. (jcancer.org)

Coexpression with COUP-TF1 but not TR or a control RSV promoter vector was found to decrease expression of EGFP by 50-60% in fibrocytic and liver cell lines. (usda.gov)

Anatomy14

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Chemicals and Drugs118

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