• Staufen is a member of the family of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding proteins involved in the transport and/or localization of mRNAs to different subcellular compartments and/or organelles. (wikipedia.org)
  • These proteins are characterized by the presence of multiple dsRNA-binding domains which are required to bind RNAs having double-stranded secondary structures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Then, motor proteins dynein and kinesin are recruited and actively transport mRNAs to subcellular locations using cytoskeletal networks. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alternative splicing of gene can generate multiple transcripts and proteins to regulate tissue and organ development [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Residues that compose the RNA-binding surface are conserved in a subgroup of SAM domain-containing proteins, suggesting that the function of the domain is conserved from yeast to humans. (embl.de)
  • Finally, we showed that Bonus SUMOylation is mediated by the SUMO E3-ligase Su(var)2-10, revealing that although SUMOylation of TIF1 proteins is conserved between insects and mammals, both the mechanism and specific site of modification is different in the two taxa. (elifesciences.org)
  • During this process, the cER domain with its associated localized transcripts (classified as postplasmic or posterior end mark (PEM) transcripts) and proteins condense into a macroscopic structure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The single-stranded mature miRNA can then associate with an Argonaute protein, which mediates its function of mRNA regulation through direct mRNA target cleavage or interactions with associated RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) proteins [ 24 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This basic two-step process has been confirmed in most mammalian cells, although its regulation and the repertoire of specific accessory proteins are likely to be highly context dependent. (centrodinoferrari.com)
  • RNA is not only a mediator of genomic information encoded in DNA to the final products, proteins. (amegroups.org)
  • Shi D, Cheng X, Saquet A, Grifone R. RNA-Binding Proteins and Inner Ear Hair Cell. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • RNA-Binding Proteins and Inner Ear Hair Cell" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30958 (accessed December 05, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • LIN28 (LIN28A and LIN28B) proteins are highly conserved small cytoplasmic RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that function as pluripotency factors, regulating the transition from self-renewal to a differentiated cell fate [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The EMC facilitates accurate insertion, topology and/or stabilization of specific cellular TM proteins including a subset of tail-anchored proteins and G protein-coupled receptors. (biorxiv.org)
  • Together, our results suggest that the EMC engages with DENV polyproteins to ensure proper biogenesis of the NS4A-NS4B region, and provide further evidence for the cellular function of the EMC in the stable expression of TM proteins. (biorxiv.org)
  • The cell's functional machinery - proteins - need to be present at specific cellular compartments so that cells can function properly. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One approach tries to identify motifs recognized by the sorting proteins and receptors of the protein transport machinery to move protein products from the cytosol to other subcellular locations [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immunohistochemical analyses using an anti-Gau monoclonal antibody revealed strict co-localization of Gau proteins and a mitochondrial marker. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Typical triploblastic animal mtDNAs contain genes that encode the large and small subunit ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and 13 proteins that are all components of the oxidative phosphorylation process: ATPase subunits 6 and 8 (ATP6 and 8), cytochrome b (Cyt b), cytochrome c oxidase subunits 1-3 (Cox1-3) and NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1-6 and 4L (ND1-6 and 4L). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Deep RNA-DNA, RNA-protein interaction studies, and phenotype rescue analyses reveal that LETR1 is a nuclear trans-acting lncRNA modulating, via key epigenetic factors, the expression of essential target genes, including KLF4 and SEMA3C , governing the growth and migratory ability of LECs. (nature.com)
  • Thus, STAU1 expression is associated with proper splicing and expression of neural genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Colonization of the gut starts just after birth when pioneering species interact, through surface receptors, with gut cells to promote the expression of a specific set of host genes and favour the colonization of commensal microorganisms [6]. (deepdyve.com)
  • TDP-43 regulates RNA metabolism, trafficking, and localization of thousands of target genes. (nature.com)
  • Almost half of the genes expressed in adults showed reduced expression, supporting a broad role for the three tested genes in steady-state transcript abundance. (sdbonline.org)
  • In humans, mutations affecting the genes of this family are associated with specific diseases. (sdbonline.org)
  • Moreover we observed ten-fold increased transcripts level for all three genes in the archegonial tissue in comparison to the vegetative parts of the same female thalli grown in natural habitat suggesting their connection to archegonia development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Plant genes also can produce diverse transcripts via alternative splicing on the same gene, so as to regulate a variety of biological processes. (chinbullbotany.com)
  • Taken together, our results indicate that Tzfp recognizes a sequence-specific motif (tbs) and may play a role in the regulation of the genes carrying the tbs. (lookformedical.com)
  • STAU1 plays a significant role in RNA metabolism and affects crucial cellular functions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recent studies have revealed the importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as tissue-specific regulators of gene expression. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, this complex regulatory network requires precise control of gene expression patterns at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in order to ensure proper maturation, differentiation, and formation of blood and lymphatic vessels. (nature.com)
  • In particular, the FANTOM (Functional Annotation of the Mammalian Genome) consortium pioneered the discovery of the noncoding RNA world by providing, through Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE-Seq), the first evidence that large portions of our genome are transcribed, producing a multitude of sense and antisense transcripts 12 . (nature.com)
  • This class of noncoding RNAs is small, single stranded, and 19-25 nucleotide long that act as negative regulators involved in posttranscriptional silencing of the gene expression [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Together, our work identified Bonus as a regulator of tissue-specific gene expression and revealed the importance of SUMOylation as a regulator of complex formation in the context of transcriptional repression. (elifesciences.org)
  • In contrast, the 'facultative' heterochromatin corresponds to the deposition of H3K27me3 on gene-rich regions, whose silencing is transient and dynamic across developmental processes, allowing cell type-specific differentiation and rapid adaptation of gene expression [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Anteroposterior patterning in Drosophila melanogaster is dependent on the sequence-specific RNA-binding protein Smaug, which binds to and regulates the translation of nanos (nos) mRNA. (embl.de)
  • We show here that the SAM domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vts1 binds RNA with the same specificity as Smaug and that Vts1 induces transcript degradation through a mechanism involving the cytoplasmic deadenylase CCR4. (embl.de)
  • The characterization of individual bri1 mutants has shown that both the extracellular and cytoplasmic domains of BRI1 are important to its proper functioning. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the same cytoplasmic compartment, we also identified pum1 transcripts and an epitope recognized by an antibody to histone H3 phosphorylated on serine 28. (biomedcentral.com)
  • STAU1 localization with the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) emphasizes its role in transporting mRNA to the site of translation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Once STAU1 is bound to the target mRNA, an interaction occurs between STAU1 and RNA helicase UPF1, which enhances its helicase activity and promotes SMD. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Nanos protein gradient in Drosophila, required for proper abdominal segmentation, is generated in part via translational repression of its mRNA by Smaug. (embl.de)
  • Alternative splicing is a process in which the mRNA precursor produces a variety of mature transcripts through different splicing mode. (chinbullbotany.com)
  • MicroRNA (miRNA) are a class of functional small RNA that target mRNA to affect their abundance and translational efficiency. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The inability to transcribe mRNA during this stage of development and the probable necessity for post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGR) suggests an important role for non-coding RNA in the maturing oocyte. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These epitranscriptomic enzymes mark all kinds of RNA species, including mRNAs and ncRNAs, such as ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), miRNAs, and lncRNAs ( 11 ). (amegroups.org)
  • In comparison, the exact function of the leucine rich-repeats (LRR) region located before the 70-amino acid island domain in the extracellular cellular portion of BRI1 has not yet been described, due to a lack of specific mutant alleles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • C07K2319/10 - Fusion polypeptide containing a localisation/targetting motif containing a tag for extracellular membrane crossing, e.g. (google.com)
  • In the latest genome annotation, lncRNAs, which are arbitrarily defined as noncoding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides, constitute ~72% of the transcribed genome 13 , whereas mRNAs comprise only 19%, indicating the need for functional annotation of lncRNAs. (nature.com)
  • STAU1 recognizes and associates with cis-acting motifs or localization signals in 3'UTR of target mRNAs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recently, STAU1-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of cell cycle mRNAs showed a proliferation of non-transformed cells as the expression level of 30 cell cycle regulator transcripts was dysregulated in STAU-1 depleted cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some viruses hijack cellular machinery to translate some of their mRNAs through a noncanonical initiation pathway using internal ribosome entry site (IRES), a highly structured RNAs which can directly recruit the ribosome with a restricted set of initiation factors, and in some cases even without cap and initiator tRNA. (cnrs.fr)
  • Following relatively long initiation and promoter clearance, RNA polymerase II can pause and then rapidly elongate following recruitment of positive elongation factors. (sdbonline.org)
  • PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique used to make many copies of a specific DNA region in vitro. (stoodnt.com)
  • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), a variant of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), is a technique commonly used in molecular biology to detect RNA expression. (stoodnt.com)
  • TATA-box binding protein is not required for RNA Polymerase II transcription in mouse embryonic stem cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • RNA-protein multiome approach helps to discover that the posttranscriptional regulation of the translational machinery is crucial for the fidelity of cortical development. (elifesciences.org)
  • TDP-43 is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional nucleic acid-binding protein composed of two RNA recognition motifs (RRM), nuclear localization (NLS) and export signals (NES), and a carboxy-terminal glycine rich region. (nature.com)
  • Five transcript variants resulting from alternative splicing of STAU gene and encoding three isoforms have been described. (wikipedia.org)
  • The main STAU1 variants have double-stranded RNA-binding domains (dsRBD), a microtubule-binding domain (TBD), and a STAU1-swapping motif (SSM). (wikipedia.org)
  • However, only one transcript has been validated in pigs, with several other transcript variants of EZH2 from digital computational analysis in NCBI that have not been empirically validated. (hindawi.com)
  • Moreover, none of the EZH2 transcript variants have yet been identified in porcine fetal tissues. (hindawi.com)
  • As a sub-objective, since PDE10A transcript variants were reported strictly through analyses of bovine genomic sequence, we also wanted to determine the nucleotide and amino acid sequences by experimental evidence. (plos.org)
  • Using RT-PCR, 5'- and 3'-RACE approaches we clearly show that PDE10A transcript variants X3 and X5 are expressed in bovine testis as well as in primary spermatocytes and spermatids. (plos.org)
  • Splicing factor such as Serine Arginine rich splicing factor (SRSF1) [ 16 ] regulate HIV-1 transcription whereas, Small nuclear RNAs [ 17 ] inhibit HIV-1 replication through excessive RNA Splicing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PCR allows the isolation of DNA fragments from genomic DNA by selective amplification of a specific region of DNA. (stoodnt.com)
  • Currently, most protein sequences in databases are the result of translation of hypothetical transcripts derived from genomic sequencing data [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fission is necessary for proper mitochondrial transport, which depends on the specific energy demands of subcellular regions. (centrodinoferrari.com)
  • Embryos lacking maternal lilli expression show specific defects in the establishment of a functional cytoskeleton during cellularization, and exhibit a pair-rule segmentation phenotype. (sdbonline.org)
  • Although RNA modifications have been reported in many tissues and disease contexts, detailed functional studies in the heart and cardiovascular disease are only beginning to be reported. (amegroups.org)
  • We study the role of the lysosome in metabolic adaptation using subcellular omics approaches, functional genomics and innovative biochemical tools. (stanford.edu)
  • We determine a comprehensive map of lineage-specific lncRNAs in human dermal lymphatic and blood vascular endothelial cells (LECs and BECs), combining RNA-Seq and CAGE-Seq. (nature.com)
  • Subsequent antisense oligonucleotide-knockdown transcriptomic profiling of two LEC- and two BEC-specific lncRNAs identifies LETR1 as a critical gatekeeper of the global LEC transcriptome. (nature.com)
  • The emergence of non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and more recent long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), has shed a light on further dissecting the gene regulatory networks of the heart ( 3 , 4 ). (amegroups.org)
  • There were 9 amino acid insertions and an amino acid substitution in this transcript compared with the validated reference sequence in NCBI. (hindawi.com)
  • Here we demonstrate that the sterile-alpha motif (SAM) domain of Smaug functions as an RNA-recognition domain. (embl.de)
  • Multiple elongation complexes exist, but the role of specific components in adult Drosophila is underexplored. (sdbonline.org)
  • The objective of this study was to identify the PDE10A isoforms expressed in the testis and germ cells, and to determine the presence and localization of PDE10A in mature spermatozoa. (plos.org)
  • This process involves the release of a subset of maternal transcripts from the centrosome-attracting body (CAB) in the progenitor cells of the germ line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found no localization of vasa ( vas ) transcripts to any sub-region within the germ-line precursor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In ascidian embryos, vas transcripts are released from the CAB located in the germ line precursor B7.6 blastomeres. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MIR-34A has its own transcript and is expressed at higher levels than MIR-34B/C in most tissues, and this expression could be dysregulated in multiple diseases, especially in cancers [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • These results validated a different transcript in pigs and characterized its expression profile in fetal tissues of different gestation stages, which indicated that EZH2 played important roles during porcine embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
  • Considering the varieties of EZH2 splicing variant, identifying its transcript in porcine fetal tissues is the foundation to study its function. (hindawi.com)
  • In this study, we identified a transcript variant of EZH2 in porcine fetal tissues by cloning and sequencing. (hindawi.com)
  • Of particular interest is understanding the role of non-coding RNA in regulating meiotic checkpoints in the oocyte, particularly that of microRNA-21 (MIR21). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results show that β1 subunits play important roles in the regulation of sodium channel density and localization, are involved in axo-glial communication at nodes of Ranvier, and are required for normal action potential conduction and control of excitability in vivo . (jneurosci.org)
  • We found that the RNA localization pattern of pumilio ( pum1 ) is similar to the pattern described for a subset of maternal transcripts marking the posterior end of ascidian embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Together, these results suggest that Smaug and Vts1 define a larger class of post-transcriptional regulators that act in part through a common transcript-recognition mechanism. (embl.de)
  • RNA recognition via the SAM domain of Smaug. (embl.de)
  • In particular, the computational prediction of subcellular location from protein sequence information has been attempted mainly using three approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The effect on dendritic morphology is dependent on the RNA-binding ability of TDP-43. (nature.com)
  • The dominant-negative Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 profiles showed both overlapping and specific differential expression, suggesting involvement in multiple complexes. (sdbonline.org)
  • Indeed, more than 170 RNA modifications have been identified across species ( 6 ). (amegroups.org)
  • It mediates proper CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION and contractile ring function during CYTOKINESIS. (lookformedical.com)
  • The RNA-binding SAM domain of Smaug defines a new family of post-transcriptional regulators. (embl.de)
  • Diverse KRAB-ZFPs recognize specific DNA sequences with the majority targeting endogenous retroviruses, ensuring their repression. (elifesciences.org)
  • Furthermore, we show that microbat IFITM3 is S-palmitoylated on cysteine residues C71, C72, and C105, mutation of each cysteine individually impairs virus restriction, and a triple C71A-C72A-C105A mutant loses all restriction activity, concomitant with subcellular re-localization of microbat IFITM3 to Golgi-associated sites. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • Expression analysis of mutant XY gonads at the same stage also reveals a dramatic reduction in Sox9 and, crucially, Sry at the transcript and protein levels. (plos.org)
  • For example, in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis, several maternal transcripts are transiently localized to the vegetal pole of fertilized eggs [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As development proceeds, maternal transcripts move to the future posterior pole. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, the decreased expression of the EZH2 gene is crucial for stem cell differentiation into specific cell lineages involved in myogenesis, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, neurogenesis, and haematopoiesis [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Here we identify Heterochromatin Protein 1β (HP1β) as an essential protein for proper differentiation, and, unexpectedly, for the maintenance of pluripotency in ESCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrate an unexpected duality in the role of HP1β: it is essential in ESCs for maintaining pluripotency, while it is required for proper differentiation in differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, the deleterious aftereffect of missense mutations can occur not merely from immediate disruption of CAPN3 function(s), but additionally from disruption from the protein's structural integrity, that could affect its intra or intermolecular protein lead and interactions to decreased stability or altered localization. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Your micro-mechanism of the tension localization inside the disappointment procedure for interface check details while debonding takes place and also the strengthening procedure in the imbedded dietary fiber are talked about. (micrornalibrary.com)
  • Goupil S, Maréchal L, El Hajj H, Tremblay M-È, Richard FJ, Leclerc P (2016) Identification and Localization of the Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 10A in Bovine Testis and Mature Spermatozoa. (plos.org)
  • These potential effects on channel gating and subcellular distribution in vivo may bias neurons toward hyperexcitability and epileptogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
  • Neuronal connections are made with exquisite accuracy between specific types of neurons. (stanford.edu)
  • Together, our study provides several lines of evidence supporting the intriguing concept that every cell type expresses precise lncRNA signatures to control lineage-specific regulatory programs. (nature.com)
  • The proper methylation status of histones is essential for appropriate cell lineage and organogenesis. (hindawi.com)
  • Numerous plant developmental processes, such as germination, cell elongation, photomorphogenic responses, and male fertility are regulated by the plant-specific steroidal hormones, brassinosteroids (BR). (biomedcentral.com)
  • One subset of postplasmic/PEM transcripts, still attached to the CAB, segregate into the endodermal strand cells (B8.11). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our goal is to convey a picture of pattern formation that draws attention to the principles rather than solely to specific molecular mechanisms. (mpi-cbg.de)
  • However, the transcript variant and temporal expression pattern of EZH2 in the middle and late porcine fetus are still unknown. (hindawi.com)
  • However, the transcript and expression status of the EZH2 gene during porcine embryonic development remains unknown. (hindawi.com)
  • They play major roles in the tissue- and stage-specific expression of protein isoforms as well as in the maintenance of protein homeostasis. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • RNA-seq experiments were carried out to analyze the effect of RNAi knockdown of Suppressor of Triplolethal and lilliputian . (sdbonline.org)
  • It really is plausible which the subcellular localization of CAPN3 determines its particular mobile function, which mutations make a difference some of those features straight or indirectly (1). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Human deafness mutation E385D disrupts the mechanochemical coupling and subcellular targeting of myosin-1a. (nih.gov)
  • These results suggest that the SAM domain might have a primary role in RNA binding. (embl.de)
  • The role of PSF was also investigated at early reverse transcript production as well as late stages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • lilli functions as a maternally provided pair-rule gene that is essential for proper cellularization, gastrulation and segmentation during embryogenesis. (sdbonline.org)
  • the characterized mammalian nats are specific for the uptake of l-ascorbic acid. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • One of the challenges in developmental biology is to understand how cells adopt specific characteristics during embryogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)