AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation ScienceHealth Care
Golgi Apparatustrans-Golgi NetworkBrefeldin ASulfuric AcidsEndosomesReceptor, IGF Type 2rab GTP-Binding ProteinsOrganellesBiological TransportProtein TransportMembrane ProteinsCHO CellsMolecular Sequence DataAmino Acid SequenceCell MembraneEndoplasmic ReticulumCell CompartmentationIntracellular MembranesClathrinMonensinGene Regulatory NetworksCricetinaeTrans Fatty AcidsVesicular Transport ProteinsCell LineNeural Networks (Computer)CyclopentanesMicroscopy, FluorescenceMembrane GlycoproteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsHeLa CellsProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalMetabolic Networks and PathwaysMicroscopy, ElectronGlycosylationFluorescent Antibody TechniqueGlycoproteinsProtein Structure, TertiaryOligosaccharidesMutationNerve NetKineticsModels, BiologicalCoatomer ProteinComputer Communication NetworksAlgorithmsComputer SimulationCommunity NetworksProtein Interaction MappingCoat Protein Complex IThiamine PyrophosphataseSystems BiologyComputational BiologyMannosidasesCOP-Coated VesiclesBase SequenceSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSignal TransductionProtein Interaction MapsHydrogenationGalactosyltransferasesADP-Ribosylation Factor 1Wireless TechnologyModels, GeneticGene Expression ProfilingModels, NeurologicalADP-Ribosylation FactorsMicroscopy, ImmunoelectronNeural PathwaysGreen Fluorescent ProteinsCarrier ProteinsProtein BindingCell FractionationNocodazoleSubcellular Fractions
Endoplasmic reticulumApparatusEndosomesEndosomalVesiclesPost-Golgi transportMannose-6-phosphMembrane proteinInteractsSecretory pathwayReceptorsAccumulationVesicle ProteinPathwaysClathrinMembranesReceptorRetrograde transportTransportRecombinant proteinTransmembrane proteinInteractionsCellularLipidSerumBindsSubcellularGeneCellsCompartmentsVacuolarComplexLysosomesFluorescent proteinsMotifFurinMoleculesMutationsHomologyEndomembraneStructuresRab11Newly synthesizedMeSHELISAEncodesCellMechanisms
Endoplasmic reticulum6
  • gN is a resident of the endoplasmic reticulum that in the presence of gM is translocated to the trans Golgi network. (mdpi.com)
  • Secretory proteins exit the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in coat protein complex II (COPII)-coated vesicles and then progress through the Golgi complex before delivery to their final destination. (biologists.com)
  • The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis and may serve as a source of nutrients for both of these pathogens. (usda.gov)
  • ADAM17 is regulated by trafficking steps including control of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit by iRhom1/212-14 proteolytic maturation by removal of the ADAM17 prodomain in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) by furin10 and stimulation of ADAM17 surface translocation by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)15 16 Once at the cell surface ADAM17 can be activated rapidly through conformational alterations17-19. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein complex (EMC) has been shown to be a key factor in the biosynthesis and stable expression of multi-pass transmembrane proteins, and its loss is thought to cause retinal degeneration. (bioquicknews.com)
  • The team has previously shown that the protein Rab1 is involved in the transport of materials from the endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi, that glycosylphoshatidylinositol (GPI) synthesis is necessary for rhodopsin sorting in the trans-Golgi network, and that the Rab11/dRip11/Myo V complex is essential for post-Golgi transport of rhodopsin. (bioquicknews.com)
Apparatus9
Endosomes5
Endosomal6
  • Sorting nexins (SNXs) are phox homology (PX) domain-containing proteins thought to regulate endosomal sorting of internalized receptors. (nih.gov)
  • Moreover, endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-related proteins and their transcripts are most abundant at early and mid-development. (nature.com)
  • The GTPase Rab11 regulates endosomal protein trafficking and previous work has shown that loss of Rab11 caused intestinal inflammation and hyperplasia in mice and flies. (sdbonline.org)
  • Taken together, these experiments revealed that Vapyrin-bodies have an endosomal identity with trans-Golgi features, and that VAPYRIN interacts with a symbiotic R-SNARE of the VAMP721 family, that localizes to the same compartment. (frontiersin.org)
  • Additional work suggests that GGAs direct endosomal proteins, such as epidermal growth factor receptors, to the lysosome, as well. (alzforum.org)
  • The present study presented experimental evidence on illustrating the use of VAEM in tracking and dissecting protein dynamics, dissecting endosomal dynamics, cell structure assembly along with membrane microdomain and protein motility in intact plant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Vesicles4
  • This study found that Parcas (Pcs) , recently shown to have guanine-nucleotide-exchange (GEF) activity toward Rab11, co-localizes with Rab11 on the trans-side of Golgi units and post-Golgi vesicles at the base of the rhabdomeres in pupal photoreceptors. (sdbonline.org)
  • Loss of Pcs impairs Rab11 localization on the trans-side of Golgi units and induces the cytoplasmic accumulation of post-Golgi vesicles bearing rhabdomere proteins, as observed in Rab11-deficiency. (sdbonline.org)
  • These vesicles contain the mannose 6-phosphate receptor involved in targeting proteins to the lysosome, and the actin nucleating Arp2/3 complex. (rupress.org)
  • The plant toxin ricin, however, evades this fate by being sorted into early endosome-derived vesicles destined for fusion with the trans-Golgi network (TGN). (elifesciences.org)
Post-Golgi transport1
  • These results indicated that both TRAPPII and Pcs are required for eye development, but Pcs functions as the predominant Rab11-GEF for post-Golgi transport to photosensitive membrane rhabdomeres. (sdbonline.org)
Mannose-6-phosph1
  • rather it specifically perturbs endosome-to-trans Golgi network (TGN) transport of the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR). (nih.gov)
Membrane protein4
  • These data highlight the importance of membrane protein recycling during development. (sdbonline.org)
  • Sequence Location Cell junction, adherens junction, Cell membrane, Single-pass type I membrane protein. (qedbio.com)
  • This process depends on the general physico-chemical features of the cargo membrane protein and on the interactions of these features with the collective properties of the bilayer, instead of the one-to-one intermolecular interactions that exist between discrete signals and their receptors. (biologists.com)
  • peripheral membrane protein (potential). (lu.se)
Interacts4
  • interacts genetically with the yeast SNARE and functions in retrograde transport from the early endosome to the late Golgi" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
  • It interacts with other proteins and has a crucial role in hepatocarcinogenesis ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • While it was recently demonstrated that the A. phagocytophilum-occupied vacuole (ApV) intercepts membrane traffic from the trans-Golgi network, it is unclear if it or the A. marginale-occupied vacuole (AmV) interacts with other secretory organelles. (usda.gov)
  • Interacts with the snare proteins SNAP-23 and VAMP. (lu.se)
Secretory pathway5
  • In ciliated cells, including bovine and Xenopus laevis rod photoreceptors, P/rds was robustly sensitive to endoglycosidase H, which is consistent with its bypassing the medial Golgi and traversing the unconventional secretory pathway. (jneurosci.org)
  • Most plasma membrane proteins are sorted by the trans -Golgi network (TGN) in the conventional secretory pathway. (jneurosci.org)
  • In this Commentary, I review evidence in favor of the idea that partitioning of TMDs into bilayer domains that are endowed with distinct physico-chemical properties plays a pivotal role in the transport of membrane proteins within the early secretory pathway. (biologists.com)
  • The combination of such self-organizational phenomena with canonical intermolecular interactions is most likely to control the release of membrane proteins from the ER into the secretory pathway. (biologists.com)
  • The focus of research in our laboratory lies primarily with characterizing the mechanisms of protein trafficking to the regulated secretory pathway in endocrine cells. (nih.gov)
Receptors2
  • An abundance of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor adaptor protein receptors. (kegg.jp)
  • In neurons, the retromers containing VPS26a (blue) mainly facilitate trafficking to the trans-Golgi network, while those containing VPS26b (orange) recycle receptors, such as GluA1, back to the cell surface. (alzforum.org)
Accumulation3
  • Cereal endosperm is a short-lived tissue adapted for nutrient storage, containing specialized organelles, such as protein bodies (PBs) and protein storage vacuoles (PSVs), for the accumulation of storage proteins. (nature.com)
  • Together our data identified promising targets to be genetically engineered to modulate seed storage protein accumulation that have a growing role in health and nutritional issues. (nature.com)
  • Silencing of Hip1R expression by RNAi resulted in disruption of Golgi organization and accumulation of F-actin structures associated with CCVs on the TGN. (rupress.org)
Vesicle Protein2
  • Trans-Golgi network vesicle protein 23 A (TVP23A) is a protein coded for the TVP23A gene, formerly known as FAM18A. (wikipedia.org)
  • TVP23A stands for Trans-Golgi network Vesicle Protein 23A TVP23A, is the current name for the protein. (wikipedia.org)
Pathways3
  • They function as carriers to the cell surface in post-golgi recycling pathways. (nih.gov)
  • These findings suggest that these protein family members may function at the same site during vesicular transport rather than in separate pathways. (nih.gov)
  • Description: WIPI1 Antibody: WIPI1 (WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting-1), also known as WIPI1, ATG18 or WIPI49, is thought to play a role in autophagy and may regulate protein trafficking in certain recycling pathways. (bd-ibr.org)
Clathrin5
  • Proteins of the Sla2p/Hip1R family bind to actin and clathrin at endocytic sites in yeast and mammals. (rupress.org)
  • We hypothesized that Hip1R might also coordinate actin assembly with clathrin budding at the trans-Golgi network (TGN). (rupress.org)
  • Our functional study demonstrates the central role of clathrin and its associated proteins in cargo sorting, phospholipid conversion, initiation of autolysosome tubulation, and proto-lysosome budding during ALR. (nature.com)
  • Syntaxin 6 is primarily localized to the trans-Golgi network, and partially co-localizes with AP-1 on clathrin-coated membranes. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • The adaptor protein GULP promotes Jedi-1-mediated phagocytosis through a clathrin-dependent mechanism. (academictree.org)
Membranes1
Receptor1
Retrograde transport1
  • CRISPRi genetic interaction analysis revealed Retro-2 activity resembles disruption of the transmembrane domain recognition complex (TRC) pathway, which mediates post-translational ER-targeting and insertion of tail-anchored (TA) proteins, including SNAREs required for retrograde transport. (elifesciences.org)
Transport7
  • Two of these proteins, YIPF1 and YIPF2, are believed to be Golgi transport proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Co-transport of gN and gM to the trans Golgi network also occurs upon replacement of conserved cysteines in gM and gN, suggesting that their physical interaction is mediated by covalent and non-covalent forces. (mdpi.com)
  • In contrast, loss of the specific subunits of TRAPPII, another known Rab11-GEF, does not cause any defects on the eye development nor the transport of rhabdomere proteins, however, simultaneous loss of TRAPPII and Pcs shows severe defects on eye development. (sdbonline.org)
  • The present study unravels a new molecular system for vesicle-based axonal transport of proteins in male and female flies (Drosophila melanogaster). (sdbonline.org)
  • We also study the NPC1 protein that is essential for cholesterol transport in humans and can lead to Niemann Pick C disease when mutated. (stanford.edu)
  • This gene provides instructions for making a protein that helps transport molecules and other proteins to cells and tissues where they are needed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This and other PACS1 gene mutations are thought to impair the protein's ability to aid in the transport of certain molecules and proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
Recombinant protein2
  • Thus, endomembrane-modifying proteins within the endomembrane system will have an influence on the final grain quality/yield and recombinant protein production. (nature.com)
  • Human recombinant protein fragment corresponding to amino acids 1-210 of human RBFOX1 produced in E.coli. (thermofisher.com)
Transmembrane protein2
  • The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein N (gN/UL49.5) is a type I transmembrane protein conserved throughout the herpesvirus family. (mdpi.com)
  • Aβ is produced through the endoproteolysis of APP, a large type 1 transmembrane protein. (jneurosci.org)
Interactions2
  • They regulate the assembly of multiprotein complexes by presenting a beta-propeller platform for simultaneous and reversible protein-protein interactions. (avivasysbio.com)
  • The PM provides an environment in which macromolecules interact efficiently, including the clustering of proteins in oligomeric complexes via protein-protein or protein-lipid interactions, the docking and anchoring of protein complexes for regulatory reactions and other precisely orchestrated processes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular2
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) modulates cellular apoptosis, which is involved in the occurrence and development of liver cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The findings suggest that while apoptosis sets off a proteolytic cascade that devours many cellular proteins, it somehow spares BACE. (alzforum.org)
Lipid3
  • Our data support an evolutionarily conserved function for SNX1 from yeast to mammals and provide functional insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying lipid-mediated protein targeting and tubular-based protein sorting. (nih.gov)
  • For membrane proteins, a third mechanism, based on the interaction of their transmembrane domain (TMD) with lipid microdomains, must also be considered. (biologists.com)
  • The assembly of protein complexes and compositional lipid patterning act together to endow cells with the plasticity required to maintain compositional heterogeneity with respect to individual proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Serum5
  • This study assessed whether serum Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) could be used as a biomarker for detecting bladder cancer. (medscimonit.com)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Golgi Protein 73 (GP73) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (agctsequencing.com)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Golgi Protein 73 from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (agctsequencing.com)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat Golgi Protein 73 (GP73) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (agctsequencing.com)
  • Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Mouse Golgi Protein 73 (GP73) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids. (agctsequencing.com)
Binds2
  • internalin A (InlA) binds to this protein and promotes uptake of the bacteria. (qedbio.com)
  • This protein binds to the C-terminus of ataxin-2 and may contribute to the restricted pathology of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). (thermofisher.com)
Subcellular2
  • notably, integration of proteomics data with in situ subcellular microscopic analyses showed a high abundance of cytoskeleton proteins associated with acidified PBs at the early development stages. (nature.com)
  • First, we co-expressed fluorescently tagged VAPYRIN with a range of subcellular marker proteins, and secondly, we employed biochemical tools to identify interacting partner proteins of VAPYRIN. (frontiersin.org)
Gene4
  • This gene product belongs to the SCAMP family of proteins, which are secretory carrier membrane proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Beclin l, the mammalian counterpart of the yeast Atg6 gene, is an essential protein in autophagy ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This gene encodes a phosphatase enzyme that is involved in actin polymerization and is found in the trans-Golgi network. (antibodies-online.com)
  • The BBC model can simply handle lacking data via Monte Carlo imputation and gets the potential to end up being extended to integrated study of gene transcription networks. (columbiagypsy.net)
Cells7
  • Systematic analysis of SNARE molecules in Arabidopsis: dissection of the post-Golgi network in plant cells. (kegg.jp)
  • In addition, NS5A significantly increases the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclin D1 and nuclear factor-κB, but decreases p53 protein expression in HepG2 cells ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Intracellular establishment of AM fungi requires the VAPYRIN protein which is induced in colonized cells, and which localizes to numerous small mobile structures of unknown identity (Vapyrin-bodies). (frontiersin.org)
  • In fact, Tesco and colleagues found that BACE protein levels were elevated up to ninefold in cells following apoptosis and that it became more stable. (alzforum.org)
  • We provided experimental data for the applications of Variable-Angle Epifluorescence Microscopy (VAEM) in dissecting protein dynamics in plant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Note that trans‐Golgi cisternae in lactating mammary cells contain large amounts of casein and other milk proteins and are grossly expanded due to the osmolarity of the secreted fluid. (cellimagelibrary.org)
  • In 2013, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Randy W. Schekman, James E. Rothman, and Thomas C. Südhof for their discovery of how cells deliver thousands of membrane proteins to the right place at the right time. (bioquicknews.com)
Compartments1
  • The long term goal of our research is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which proteins are targeted to specific and distinct compartments. (stanford.edu)
Vacuolar2
  • This entry represents a domain, known as SHR-BD, found in vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 13 (VPS13). (embl.de)
  • In one, published December 28 last year, first author Sabrina Simoes and colleagues reported that neurons rely on vacuolar protein sorting ortholog 26b (VPS26b), a retromer component. (alzforum.org)
Complex2
  • In two recent Cell Reports papers, scientists led by Scott Small, Columbia University, New York, detail new insights into the function of the retromer, an endosome protein complex linked to Alzheimer's disease. (alzforum.org)
  • Strumpellin/Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and SCAR homologue (WASH) complex subunit 5 (WASHC5) is a core component of the WASH complex, and its mutations confer pathogenicity for hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) type SPG8, a rare neurodegenerative gait disorder. (bvsalud.org)
Lysosomes1
  • In other proteins the di-leucine motif beckons proteins called GGAs (Golgi-localized γ-ear-containing ARF binding proteins), which are known for shepherding acid hydrolase enzymes through the trans-Golgi network toward lysosomes. (alzforum.org)
Fluorescent proteins2
  • Fluorophores for STORM and SMLM include synthetic dyes, fluorescent proteins (FPs), and even Quantum Dots (QDots). (microscopyu.com)
  • As an important tool for the quantitative analysis of confocal microscopic data sets from co-expression of fluorescent proteins, we developed a semi-automated image analysis pipeline that allows for precise spatio-temporal quantification of protein co-localization and of the dynamics of organelle association from movies. (frontiersin.org)
Motif4
  • Ataxin-2 binding protein 1 has an RNP motif that is highly conserved among RNA-binding proteins. (thermofisher.com)
  • Kang EL, Biscaro B, Piazza F, Tesco G. BACE1 protein endocytosis and trafficking are differentially regulated by ubiquitination at lysine 501 and the Di-leucine motif in the carboxyl terminus. (umassmed.edu)
  • This fate seems to depend on a specific di-leucine motif in the protein (DXXLL), because when those leucines are mutated to alanines, BACE accumulates at the cell membrane. (alzforum.org)
  • It contains three WD repeats and has a 7-bladed propeller structure with a conserved motif that facilitates its interaction with other proteins. (bd-ibr.org)
Furin1
  • Since furin converts many growth-related protein precursors to their bioactive forms, we compared the four pancreatic islet cell lines RINm5F, βTC3, βHC9, and MIN6 with respect to cell growth rate, furin expression, endoprotease activity, and insulin content. (diabetesjournals.org)
Molecules3
  • Cilium trafficking of P/rds was sustained even when the Golgi functions, including trans -Golgi-mediated conventional secretion, were inhibited by the small molecules brefeldin A, 30N12, and monensin. (jneurosci.org)
  • Together, our work explains how Retro-2 prevents retrograde trafficking of toxins by inhibiting TA-protein targeting, describes a general CRISPR strategy for predicting the MOA of small molecules, and paves the way for drugging the TRC pathway to treat broad classes of viruses known to be inhibited by Retro-2. (elifesciences.org)
  • In anabolism, water is removed from molecules (through energy requiring enzymatic chemical reactions) in order to grow larger molecules (e.g. starches, triglycerides and proteins for storage of fuels and information). (hmdb.ca)
Mutations1
  • Familial AD (FAD) cases are caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the genes for amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the presenilins (PS1 and PS2) ( Sisodia and St George-Hyslop, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)
Homology1
  • Based on proteome annotation and a homology search, 94 proteins associated with the endomembrane system were identified that exhibited significant changes in abundance during grain development. (nature.com)
Endomembrane3
  • The present study characterizes an inhibitor of endomembrane protein trafficking, TE1 (trafficking and endocytosis inhibitor 1/TENin1) that reduces gravitropic root bending in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. (portlandpress.com)
  • During development, protein trafficking and storage require an extensive reorganization of the endomembrane system. (nature.com)
  • Consequently, endomembrane-modifying proteins will influence the final grain quality and yield. (nature.com)
Structures1
  • Research suggests that impaired PACS1 protein function disrupts normal development of structures in the face, leading to a distinct facial appearance. (medlineplus.gov)
Rab112
  • To test the idea that loss of Rab11 may promote cancer progression, archival human patient tissues were analyzed and 51 out of 70 colon cancer tissues had lower Rab11 protein staining. (sdbonline.org)
  • Rab11 is essential for polarized post-Golgi vesicle trafficking to photosensitive membrane rhabdomeres in Drosophila photoreceptors. (sdbonline.org)
Newly synthesized1
  • Cell-based and in vitro assays show that Retro-2 blocks delivery of newly-synthesized TA-proteins to the ER-targeting factor ASNA1 (TRC40). (elifesciences.org)
MeSH1
  • trans-Golgi Network" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
ELISA1
  • Find OCRL Proteins validated for a specific application such as ELISA, WB, AP, AA. (antibodies-online.com)
Encodes1
  • It has been determined that VPS13A encodes for a protein called chorein. (medscape.com)
Cell5
  • Biological Function Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins (PubMed:11976333). (qedbio.com)
  • This protein serves as a transcriptional activator of cell growth. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Potolicchio I, Chitta S, Xu X, Fonseca D, Crisi G, Horejsi V, Strominger JL, Stern LJ, Raposo G, Santambrogio L. Conformational variation of surface class II MHC proteins during myeloid dendritic cell differentiation accompanies structural changes in lysosomal MIIC. (umassmed.edu)
  • Transmembrane cell-surface proteins can be regulated by intracellular trafficking including internalization from the cell surface and subsequent degradation or recycling back to the cell surface11. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • In this system PMA-induced shedding is protein kinase C-α (PKCα)-dependent mediated exclusively by ADAM17 and can be measured by loss of AP cell-surface staining26 (Fig. 1a). (bioskinrevive.com)
Mechanisms2
  • It is likely that the development of other body systems are similarly affected by impaired PACS1 protein function, leading to other signs and symptoms of PACS1 syndrome, but more research is needed to understand the mechanisms. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Understanding the mechanisms underlying protein folding and trafficking may contribute to the large-scale, therapy-based production of target proteins. (bioquicknews.com)