Toxicity or exposure tests toxicity tests. Medical search. Frequent questions

A poisonous material (liquid) is defined in § 173.132 as a material, other than a gas, which is presumed to be toxic to humans because it falls within one of the following categories when tested on laboratory animals: oral toxicity, dermal toxicity and inhalation toxicity. (dot.gov)
For acute oral toxicity, there are computational models such as CATMoS (the Collaborative Acute Toxicity Modeling Suite) that can predict toxicity following oral consumption of a substance. (peta.org)
If you look at the GenX guidelines that the EPA just put out, if you look at the GenX guidelines put out by the state Department of Health and Human Services, their data came from these types of 28-day or 90-day oral toxicity studies," DeWitt said. (carolinapublicpress.org)

This review summarizes the literature on mammalian toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) published between 2009 and 2011. (dovepress.com)

If radon concentrations are at 4pCi/L or higher, the physician should recommend that patients take abatement or remediation actions in their homes to lower both radon levels and potential radon exposures. (cdc.gov)
If the tested radon levels equal or exceed 4pCi/L, advise remediation to reduce radon concentrations to safe levels. (cdc.gov)
Several exposures including inhalation and contact were used to determine lethality, as well as the repulsion test was conducted at concentrations of 4, 8, 16, and 32 μ L EO-JC. (hindawi.com)
5.3 Results of toxicity tests on sediments spiked at different concentrations of chemicals can be used to establish cause and effect relationships between chemicals and biological responses. (astm.org)
Results of toxicity tests with test materials spiked into sediments at different concentrations may be reported in terms of a LC50 (median lethal concentration), an EC50 (median effect concentration), an IC50 (inhibition concentration), or as a NOEC (no observed effect concentration) or LOEC (lowest observed effect concentration). (astm.org)
Similar concentrations of a chemical in units of mass of chemical per mass of sediment dry weight often exhibit a range in toxicity in different sediments (Di Toro et al. (astm.org)
Effect concentrations of chemicals in sediment have been correlated to interstitial water concentrations, and effect concentrations in interstitial water are often similar to effect concentrations in water-only exposures. (astm.org)
Whatever the route of exposure, these correlations of effect concentrations to interstitial water concentrations indicate that predicted or measured concentrations in interstitial water can be used to quantify the exposure concentration to an organism. (astm.org)
A 48-h acute toxicity test was conducted exposing the cladoceran, Daphnia magna, to five concentrations of phenanthrene. (wisconsin.edu)
Exposure concentrations were based on a dose range-finding study that demonstrated 25,000 ppm 2H4MBP did not induce excessive maternal toxicity or affect parturition, litter size, or pup viability. (nih.gov)
2H4MBP exposure at the tested concentrations did not induce any effects on mating or pregnancy indices. (nih.gov)
Nominal test concentrations were analytically verified and confirmed. (europa.eu)
Cobalt and copper but not arsenic concentrations in sediment were strongly correlated with Hyalella toxicity. (researchgate.net)
Patients with salicylate concentrations approaching or exceeding 100 mg/dL usually have serious or life-threatening toxicity. (medscape.com)

In addition to acute tests, a fathead minnow embyro-larval exposure was conducted with silver nitrate to estimate chronic toxicity. (epa.gov)
Oseltamivir has moderate chronic toxicity. (janusinfo.se)

For acute inhalation toxicity, three-dimensional models constructed from human cells (such as those from Epithelix Sàrl ) can be used to study the effects of chemicals on specific parts of the lung. (peta.org)

These symptoms are not specific to radon exposure. (cdc.gov)
Long-term occupational exposure to organochlorine pesticides may result in various nonspecific symptoms, including headaches, nausea, fatigue, muscle twitching, and visual disturbances. (medscape.com)
If any signs or symptoms of toxicity develop during that time, admit the patient to the hospital. (medscape.com)
Intensive care unit admission is indicated for patients with significant exposure or with signs and symptoms of intoxication. (medscape.com)
Although children with lead exposure may have no apparent acute symptoms, even low levels of lead have been associated with learning, behavioral, and cognitive deficits. (cdc.gov)
For lead exposure seen today in the United States, more long-term, subclinical CNS symptoms are the most common effects. (aap.org)
What are the symptoms of vitamin D toxicity? (clevelandclinic.org)
The symptoms of vitamin D toxicity are mainly due to hypercalcemia. (clevelandclinic.org)
Although lead can only be diagnosed through clinical testing, signs and symptoms of lead toxicity vary based on exposure. (fda.gov)
Many of the symptoms overlap with Lyme, and many Lyme patients find they are also susceptible to mold toxicity. (latitudes.org)
Signs and symptoms of toxicity begin to appear at levels higher than 30 mg/dL. (medscape.com)

rapid metabolism makes systemic effects unlikely following dermal exposure. (cdc.gov)
Acute systemic toxicity tests are conducted to measure a chemical's capacity to cause harm or death within two weeks of a single, short-term exposure. (peta.org)
Mammalian acute systemic toxicity tests are commonly conducted on rats. (peta.org)
Mammalian acute systemic toxicity can be studied using computer models or human cells that assess the actions of toxic chemicals at the cellular level. (peta.org)
For example, for acute dermal toxicity, three-dimensional reconstructed human skin models can be used first to determine whether a substance will penetrate the skin, which is necessary for a substance to cause systemic (dermal) toxicity. (peta.org)
To assess the acute systemic toxicity of products comprising a number of different ingredients, the GHS additivity equation can be used to consider the individual toxicity values of each ingredient to predict the overall toxicity of the product. (peta.org)
PETA scientists have hosted workshops and webinars, published articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals, and organized funding and testing studies with the goal of developing strategies to replace animal use in acute systemic toxicity testing. (peta.org)
Inhalation or instillation of the NPs results in lung inflammation and systemic toxicity. (dovepress.com)
However, clinical application has been limited due to severe toxicity and the relatively low immune response rate, caused by wide distribution of cytokine receptors, systemic immune activation and short half-life of IL-15. (bvsalud.org)

In the aquatic environment, most anthropogenic chemicals and waste materials including toxic organic and inorganic chemicals can accumulate in sediment, which can in turn serve as a source of exposure for organisms living on or in sediment. (astm.org)
5.2 The objective of a sediment test is to determine whether chemicals in sediment are harmful to or are bioaccumulated by benthic organisms. (astm.org)
Furthermore, knowledge of specific pathways of interactions among sediments and test organisms is not necessary to conduct the tests. (astm.org)
1 ) determine the relationship between toxic effects and bioavailability, ( 2 ) investigate interactions among chemicals, ( 3 ) compare the sensitivities of different organisms, ( 4 ) determine spatial and temporal distribution of contamination, ( 5 ) evaluate hazards of dredged material, ( 6 ) measure toxicity as part of product licensing or safety testing, ( 7 ) rank areas for clean up, and ( 8 ) estimate the effectiveness of remediation or management practices. (astm.org)
Risks to groups of organisms with similar exposures were compared by deriving exposure factors for major exposure pathways. (astm.org)
Acute 96-h flow-through, toxicity tests with lead were conducted using the annelid Lumbriculus variegatus and the bullfrog Rana catesbiana as the test organisms. (wisconsin.edu)
Toxicity of Selected Priority Pollutants to Various Aquatic Organisms. (epa.gov)

Primary health care providers should assist patients in understanding applicable clinical follow-up instructions as well as preventive strategies to identify and abate increased radon gas exposure. (cdc.gov)
However, because no data exist regarding the efficacy of this therapy for persons with nonoccupational HIV exposure, it should be considered an unproven clinical intervention. (cdc.gov)
Health care workers practicing outside the United States face unique health hazards, including exposure to infectious diseases associated with patient contact or handling clinical specimens. (cdc.gov)
The algorithm for assessing radio protective potential of plant extracts and natural products was assessed via some target in vitro and in vivo tests and clinical trials. (europa.eu)
Also, they tend to diagnose based on the clinical picture and use test results only as further proof of a suspected infection. (latitudes.org)
In January, one man died and four others sustained brain injuries in the early clinical test of an experimental pain drug. (npr.org)
In 1889, Charcot, in his Clinical Lectures on Diseases of the Nervous System, attributed some rapid oscillatory tremors to mercury exposure. (medscape.com)
Regular re-testing will more accurately determine worm presence, as will clinical signs. (holistichorse.com)

The tests can be used to measure interactive toxic effects of complex chemical mixtures in sediment. (astm.org)
Includes original data on sediment chemistry and toxicity testing with a benthic invertebrate, the amphipod Hyalella azteca. (researchgate.net)

Give you corticosteroids and bisphosphonates (medications) in cases of severe toxicity to block bone resorption. (clevelandclinic.org)
Moderate or severe hepatic impairment or active liver disease including unexplained persistent abnormal liver function tests ( 4 ). (drugs.com)

Daphnia magna is a common, cosmopolitan freshwater organism sensitive to toxicity tests and represents a likely entry point for nanoparticles into food webs of aquatic ecosystems. (lu.se)

In an acute toxicity study in Daphnia magna, Ro 64-0796/002 was classified as harmful according to the EU Directive 67/548/EEC as amended. (janusinfo.se)
Daphnia mortality was assessed directly after 24 h of exposure and 7 days after exposure. (lu.se)
Translocation of NWs across the intestinal epithelium was investigated using confocal fluorescence microscopy directly after 24 h of exposure and was observed in 89% of Daphnia exposed to 40 nm NWs and in 11% of Daphnia exposed to 80 nm NWs. (lu.se)

Please see the Technical Report: Occupational Exposure Sampling for Engineered Nanomaterials released in July 2022. (cdc.gov)

The legal limit for styrene, established in 1991, was based on a toxicity study in laboratory animals conducted in the 1970s. (ewg.org)
The legal limit for p-dichlorobenzene, established in 1987, was based on toxicity studies conducted in laboratory animals in the 1980s. (ewg.org)

Background: Product safety testing typically involves lethal toxicity assessments, which likely miss long- term health impacts. (nist.gov)
For decades, acute toxicity testing meant poisoning large numbers of animals in Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) tests, which are conducted until at least one half of the test animals die. (aavs.org)
The LD50 test is conducted infrequently now as it is being replaced by several new, but still lethal, options. (aavs.org)

During several tests in the late 1940s, it was found to be the most toxic of several chemicals to whiteflies on vegetables, two-spotted spider mites on roses, and mealybugs on numerous plants. (wikipedia.org)
Other activities carried out by the IPCS include the development of know-how for coping with chemical accidents, coordination of laboratory testing and epidemiological studies, and promotion of research on the mechanisms of the biological action of chemicals. (inchem.org)
For example, a study examining almost 2,500 chemicals showed that, when repeated, the oral animal test failed to produce the same result 40% of the time. (peta.org)
John H. Draize, Ph.D., a scientist at the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), developed the Draize eye test in 1944 to assess eye irritation caused by various chemicals. (aavs.org)
For workers in a variety of industries, exposure to chemicals is commonplace. (cdc.gov)
Drugs and chemicals are breeding stronger enemies and can lead to toxicity. (holistichorse.com)
Raising toxicity levels in wormers hastens the development of worm resistance and exposes horses to unnecessary toxic chemicals. (holistichorse.com)
The Committee identifies and, where possible, quantifies the public health significance of exposure to chemicals in food - in these cases, food additives including flavouring agents - through scientific risk assessment based on international consensus. (who.int)

Regardless of the route of exposure, consider multiple-dose activated charcoal (MDAC) because it may enhance fecal elimination by interrupting the biliary-enterohepatic and enteroenteric recirculation of the toxin. (medscape.com)

ABSTRACT Currently no reports are available from Egypt regarding occupational exposure to nickel and its effects on the liver. (who.int)

Ocular exposure to formaldehyde vapors produces irritation and lacrimation. (cdc.gov)

174) 1.Cyclohexanones 2.Environmental exposure 3.Occupational exposure 4.Solvents I.Series ISBN 92 4 157174 8 (NLM Classification: QV 633) ISSN 0250-863X The World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. (inchem.org)
CDC guidelines for occupational HIV exposures are summarized in HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis, Occupational . (medscape.com)

Vitamin D toxicity typically only happens from taking too much of a vitamin D supplement or prescription medication. (clevelandclinic.org)
Other tests include the acute toxic class method and the up-and-down procedure, which typically involve the use of a smaller number of animals. (aavs.org)
These exposures are typically measured by monitoring workplace air. (cdc.gov)

In this study, a compact exposure system, utilizing commercially available inserts with 3D in-vitro model of human lung cells, has been designed and fabricated in-house with the vision of mobile use, minimizing size and power consumption. (sae.org)
There are sufficient existing safety data as well as in vitro alternatives to make animal testing for cosmetic and household products obsolete. (aavs.org)
In vitro exposure of BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells and A549 alveolar adenocarcinoma cells results in cytotoxicity, increased oxidative stress, increased intracellular [Ca2 + ], decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and interleukin (IL)-8 production. (dovepress.com)
In vitro the Comet assay and the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay show genotoxicity, whereas the Ames test does not. (dovepress.com)

Contaminants were screened as ecological COPCs by comparing toxicity, mobility, and persistence thresholds to values for contaminants obtained from reference texts and electronic databases. (astm.org)

Managing acute lead poisoning includes eliminating the exposure, providing supportive and symptomatic care, and quantifying lead exposure by checking BLLs. (cdc.gov)
The FDA was recently made aware of a developing investigation by the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS) and the North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services (NCDA&CS) regarding four children with elevated blood lead levels, indicating potential acute lead toxicity. (fda.gov)

Minamata disease is an example of organic toxicity. (medscape.com)

Cobalt and copper but not arsenic were readily released from sediments in leaching tests. (researchgate.net)
Toxicity of metals in Panther Creek sediments was estimated through laboratory growth and survival testing with the amphipod Hyalella azteca. (researchgate.net)

Nonoccupational HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis (nPEP) refers to the delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to persons who have experienced a nonoccupational exposure that represents a substantial risk for HIV transmission within the past 72 hours, in order to decrease the risk for HIV acquisition. (medscape.com)

Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxicity to human reproduction or development. (ilo.org)
Additionally, the cell-based neutral red uptake cytotoxicity test and the human cell-based AcutoX test can help predict if a substance is not toxic. (peta.org)
In the test, a substance is placed in one eye, with the other eye serving as a control. (aavs.org)
Exposure to the substance may increase noise-induced hearing loss. (lookchem.com)
Toxicity tests on soil dwelling invertebrates are not available for the test substance. (europa.eu)

Providing existing, authoritative EPA or public health radon remediation resources may help patients take the necessary steps to minimize their radon exposure. (cdc.gov)
If you work with lead, your employer is required to minimize your exposure. (cdc.gov)
Air monitoring can also be helpful to determine the effectiveness of controls that are used to minimize worker exposures. (cdc.gov)

The mechanism of citrinin toxicity is not fully understood, especially not whether citrinin toxicity and genotoxicity are the consequence of oxidative stress or of increased permeability of mitochondrial membranes. (researchgate.net)

Symptomatic lead toxicity must be treated as an emergency. (aap.org)

Long-term exposure can cause liver damage and kidney problems. (ewg.org)
Short-term exposure of skin cells results in apoptosis but not in an inflammatory response, while long-term exposure leads to increased ROS generation, decreased mitochondrial activity, and formation of tubular intercellular structures. (dovepress.com)
Long-term exposure to these toxins can actually shut down organs! (holistichorse.com)
The toxicity of salicylates does not always correlate well with serum levels, and the levels are often less helpful in patients with long term exposure. (medscape.com)

Initial and serial salicylate levels are important in the evaluation of salicylate toxicity. (medscape.com)

Obtain reliable negative pregnancy test within 2wks before initiating therapy. (empr.com)

People who take prescription-strength vitamin D are at risk for vitamin D toxicity due to the high dose of the medication unless they check their levels periodically. (clevelandclinic.org)
A reference dose - the level of daily oral exposure considered unlikely to affect a person's health over a period of time - is an interim step from the results of toxicity studies to a standard such as the state's GenX advisory. (carolinapublicpress.org)

Discontinue JUXTAPID for clinically significant liver toxicity ( 2.4 , 5.1 ). (drugs.com)
Catalase, Glutathione Reductase, Glutathione Peroxidase and Superoxide dismutase, etc at liver and intestine tissues revealed the protective effects of some target herbs against mycotoxin-induced toxicity. (europa.eu)
Standard liver function tests were applied to blood samples from 25 nickel-plating workers in Damietta, Egypt and 30 administrative workers as a reference group. (who.int)

Radon Toxicity: What Instructions Should Be Given to Patients to Reduce Potential Health Risks from Exposure to Radon? (cdc.gov)
Provide instructions on preventive measures patients can take to reduce potential radon exposure and health risks. (cdc.gov)
The physician should discuss with the patient exposure risks (i.e., a hazard source that presents an opportunity for uptake into the body) and a completed exposure pathway (i.e., the route between the hazard source and actual uptake into the body). (cdc.gov)
Health-care providers and their patients may opt to consider using antiretroviral drugs after nonoccupational HIV exposures that carry a high risk for infection, but only after careful consideration of the potential risks and benefits and with a full awareness of the gaps in current knowledge. (cdc.gov)
Workers in various industries and occupations can face health risks from exposure to airborne chemical and biological agents. (cdc.gov)
Can Workplace Exposures Increase Risks of Birth Defects? (cdc.gov)

The patient should be counseled about other risk factors such as smoking that increase the risk of developing lung cancer from radon exposure. (cdc.gov)
The combination of smoking and radon exposure results in a higher lung cancer risk. (cdc.gov)
Health-care providers may want to provide their patients with a system for promptly initiating evaluation, counseling, and follow-up services after a reported sexual, injecting-drug-use, or other nonoccupational HIV exposure that might put a patient at high risk for acquiring infection. (cdc.gov)
Sexual exposure also can put a patient at risk for other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Injecting-drug-use exposure through shared injection equipment can put a patient at risk for acquiring other viral infections (e.g., hepatitis B and hepatitis C). All persons evaluated for possible nonoccupational HIV exposure should be counseled to initiate, resume, or improve risk-reduction behaviors to avoid future exposure and to prevent possible secondary transmission until their current HIV infection status is determined. (cdc.gov)
As pediatricians know, however, the risk of exposure continues, particularly in older homes and communities. (aap.org)
Of note, health care workers working abroad can be at increased risk for exposure to patients with emerging, highly pathogenic, or uncommon, infectious diseases (e.g. (cdc.gov)
What are the risk factors for vitamin D toxicity? (clevelandclinic.org)
These factors multiplied by the contaminant concentration in the soil and divided by the appropriate toxicity threshold give risk quotients. (astm.org)
This limit may not fully protect against the risk of cancer due to styrene exposure. (ewg.org)
Several of these PAHs are known or suspected to cause, or increase the risk of developing cancer, but to date there has been no published research on workplace exposures to coal-tar-based sealant. (cdc.gov)
The greater the toxicity levels of chemical wormers, the greater the risk of overdosing. (holistichorse.com)
The assessments, recommendations and comments by the Committee will be discussed by the Codex Committee on Food Additives in order to generate recommendations to national authorities on the safe use of these food additives and to identify and recommend appropriate risk management and risk-mitigation measures to reduce human exposure, where necessary. (who.int)
Major risk factors for childhood initiation of smoking include smoking among family members and peers as well as exposure to tobacco advertising and marketing in print, online, and at the point of sale in stores, along with tobacco use scenes in movies and video games. (msdmanuals.com)
Exposures constituting a substantial risk for HIV transmission include condomless intercourse (receptive or insertive anal or vaginal) or a percutaneous exposure to blood (or body fluids contaminated with blood) when the source has known HIV or is at high-risk of having HIV (eg, man who has sex with men [MSM], injection drug user, sex worker). (medscape.com)
Patients presenting to a healthcare setting within 72 hours of an exposure constituting a substantial risk for HIV transmission should be considered for nPEP. (medscape.com)
A case-by-case determination about nPEP is recommended when the HIV infection status or HIV risk status of the source is unknown, and the reported exposure presents a substantial risk for transmission if the source is HIV-positive. (medscape.com)
Receptive anal intercourse constitutes the highest risk exposure (1 in 72 risk for infection per act), followed by insertive anal intercourse (1 in 900 risk of infection per act), receptive penile-vaginal intercourse (1 in 1250 risk of infection per act), and insertive penile-vaginal intercourse (1 in 2500 risk of infection per act). (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Of note, oral intercourse alone is not considered a high-risk exposure warranting the use of nPEP. (medscape.com)
Percutaneous exposure to blood (or body fluids contaminated with blood) often occurs through the sharing of needles during IV drug use and entails a 1 in 150 risk for HIV acquisition per exposure. (medscape.com)

exposure results in cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, intracellular Ca2 + flux, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and production of IL-1β and chemokine CXCL9. (dovepress.com)

Toxicity tests were conducted with selected compounds listed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as priority pollutants. (epa.gov)

Medical treatment after sexual, injecting-drug-use, or other nonoccupational HIV exposure * is likely to be a relatively ineffective method for preventing HIV infection compared with preventing exposure in the first place. (cdc.gov)

State partners tested multiple lots of the reported products, and test results indicated the products contained extremely high levels of lead. (cdc.gov)
Capillary lead levels ≥3.5 µg/dL require confirmatory testing with a venous blood level to rule out contamination. (cdc.gov)
There is no safe level of lead exposure in children, with lasting decreases in cognition documented in children with blood levels as low as 5 micrograms per deciliter of lead in blood. (aap.org)
Some studies have measured tooth or bone lead levels, thought to represent integrated, possibly lifetime, exposure. (aap.org)
Assessors evaluate exposure to stressors and the relationship between stressor levels and ecological effects. (slideserve.com)
Published "no effect levels", chronic, and acute test endpoints were used to establish conservative toxicity thresholds. (astm.org)
In a presentation to outside investigators, Biotrial called the reaction an "explosive and delayed toxicity not simply related to exposure levels. (npr.org)
Of the 549 products tested, 6% contained mercury levels above 1000 ppm, and 45% contained mercury levels that exceeded 10,000 ppm. (medscape.com)
Exposure at high levels could cause cardiac dysrhythmia and unconsciousness. (lookchem.com)
Therefore, we hypothesized the hearing loss observed in welders and miners exposed to high levels of Mn or Mn plus noise was due to Mn exposure in the workplace. (cdc.gov)
Considering ecotoxicological properties,use pattern, dosage and maximal estimated amounts of oseltamivir to be placed on the market, no exposure levels of concern to the environment are to be expected. (janusinfo.se)
Toxicity: There are data for 3 trophic levels, most sensitive crustacean and fish NOEC 1000 microg/L. (janusinfo.se)
Patients with chronic poisoning who have levels of 60 mg/dL or greater often have serious toxicity. (medscape.com)

Acute values from these tests ranged from a silver nitrate 96-hr LC50 of 6.7 microgram/liter for fathead minnows to an arsenic trioxide 48-hr LC50 of 97,000 microgram/liter for chironomids. (epa.gov)

2016. Prevention of Childhood Lead Toxicity. (cdc.gov)

Vitamin D toxicity most often results from taking too much prescription-strength vitamin D or too much of an over-the-counter vitamin D supplement. (clevelandclinic.org)
After adjusting the four-hour exposure data in accordance with § 173.132(b)(3)(i) you indicate the one-hour exposure results as LC50 Rat (male) 1.18 mg/L/1hr and LC50 Rat (female) 1.228 mg/L/1hr. (dot.gov)
Specifically, you seek clarification on the suitability of test result data as the exposure was to an aerosol and not to either a dust or mist as prescribed in §§ 173.132 and 173.133 and if these results should be applied when classifying your material. (dot.gov)
The test results would be applicable when exposure is administered as a liquid aerosol that emerges as a mist, if a mist is likely to be generated in a leakage of the transport containment as prescribed in § 173.132(b)(3)(iii). (dot.gov)
The FDA has reviewed and supports NCDHHS's analytical findings and found that analytical results at this level could result in acute toxicity. (fda.gov)
On the basis of the above results 7 herbs were further screened in order to test their efficacy against targeted mycotoxins: Glycyrrhiza glabra, Tinospora cordifolia, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Centella asiatica, Silybum marianum, Withania somnifera. (europa.eu)
The results of these studies show a diverse range of responses to Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb amongst the tested plant species. (unboundmedicine.com)

The most effective methods for preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are those that protect against exposure to HIV. (cdc.gov)
WHO is not responsible, and does not accept any liability, for the testing of pesticides for compliance with the specifications, nor for any methods recommended and/or used for testing compliance. (who.int)
As a result, animal-based testing methods continue to fail legitimate human needs, while new discoveries in the field of alternatives have led to new and improved techniques that do not involve live animals. (aavs.org)
Unfortunately, many companies remain resistant to changing their testing techniques and U.S. agencies, like the FDA, continue to endorse animal testing methods as the gold standard. (aavs.org)

This study demonstrated that the toxicity and bioactivity of MWCNT were diminished by removal of the Ni contamination and/or addition of -COOH groups to the sidewalls. (cdc.gov)
Healthy volunteers were recruited to test preliminary doses for the drug and its safety in a so-called phase 1 study . (npr.org)
A relevant supporting study investigating the effect of chloroethane to terrestrial plants due to exposure via the gas phase is available. (europa.eu)
The study was performed according to OECD 208 (Terrestrial Plant Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test) modified for atmospheric exposure. (europa.eu)
A study involving the use of antiretrovirals (ARVs) in macaques for post-exposure prophylaxis demonstrated 100% efficacy when therapy was delivered within 24 hours, with decreased efficacy when therapy was delayed to 48 hours and 72 hours from exposure. (medscape.com)

1995. Treatment guidelines for lead exposure in children. (cdc.gov)
2005. Lead Exposure in Children: Prevention, Detection, and Management. (cdc.gov)
Low Level Lead Exposure Harms Children: A Renewed Call for Primary Prevention. (cdc.gov)
Secondhand tobacco smoke: a source of lead exposure in US children and adolescents. (cdc.gov)
Pre-and Postnatal Lead Exposure and Behavior Problems in School-Aged Children. (cdc.gov)
Neurological and Behavioral Consequences of Childhood Lead Exposure. (cdc.gov)
Very Low Lead Exposures and Children's Neurodevelopment. (cdc.gov)
2013. Heavy metal lead exposure, osteoporotic-like phenotype in an animal model, and depression of Wnt signaling. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is issuing this Health Alert Network (HAN) Health Advisory to advise clinicians and health departments to consider the possibility of illness due to lead exposure and report cases to their local health authorities. (cdc.gov)
Children who have eaten the recalled products or have other suspected sources of lead exposure should be tested. (cdc.gov)
Lead toxicity primarily targets the central nervous system. (cdc.gov)
More information about adverse effects of lead exposure can be found in the ATSDR Lead Toxicological Profile . (cdc.gov)
Healthcare providers can find recommendations on management of childhood lead exposure and other resources on the Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Units website. (cdc.gov)
Educate patients or their caregivers and guardians about the health effects of lead exposure in children and the importance of seeking medical care. (cdc.gov)
this means lead fumes can penetrate deeper into your lungs, resulting in higher exposure. (cdc.gov)
It's possible that lead exposure at that time interferes with a critical development process in the CNS, but what that specific process is has not been clearly identified. (aap.org)
Due to adverse effects on both quality and quantity, exposure of plants and preserve seeds to fungal pathogens can lead to considerable economic losses. (hindawi.com)
If you take too much supplemental or prescription vitamin D, it can lead to vitamin D toxicity. (clevelandclinic.org)
Protecting children from exposure to lead is important to lifelong good health. (fda.gov)
Lead exposure in children is often difficult to see. (fda.gov)
If there's suspicion that a child may have been exposed to lead, parents should talk to their child's healthcare provider about getting a blood test. (fda.gov)
The addition of a new indication for Tamiflu as treatment of influenza in infants below 1 year of age is not expected to lead to a significant increase in environmental exposure even following widespread use of oseltamivir in the newly indicated population. (janusinfo.se)

Preventive messages that allow patients to take action to avoid increased radon exposure are important in lung cancer prevention. (cdc.gov)

Mercury in any form is poisonous, with mercury toxicity most commonly affecting the neurologic, gastrointestinal (GI) and renal organ systems. (medscape.com)

Although health-care providers and others have proposed offering antiretroviral drugs to persons with unanticipated sexual or injecting-drug-use HIV exposures (3,4), no data exist regarding the effectiveness of such therapy for these types of exposures. (cdc.gov)
According to the information in your letter, you have classified your material Methylene-bis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate) or synonym Cyclohexane,1,1'-methylenebis[4-isocyanato- (CAS# 5124-30-1) using publicly available test data as UN2206, Isocyanates, toxic, n.o.s., 6.1, PG II. (dot.gov)
The following are the toxicity data which has been tested. (guidechem.com)
Several toxicity tests are needed to complete data sets for the numerical national water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic life. (wisconsin.edu)
The Environmental Health Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin-Superior (UW-S) conducted tests to complete the data set necessary to derive national water quality criteria for nonylphenol. (wisconsin.edu)
Reactions to the exposure of these products vary among species, making it difficult to extract data from animal tests and apply them to situations in which humans are exposed. (aavs.org)

Treatment for vitamin D toxicity mainly involves lowering the level of calcium in your blood. (clevelandclinic.org)

In conclusion, there is no need to conduct any terrestrial toxicity testing. (europa.eu)

This research has pointed towards the use of natural compounds in herbs as universal protectors or mitigators against toxicity of some deleterious agents such as mycotoxins and/or radiation. (europa.eu)
Studies into the potential toxicity of five additional fluorochemicals that Fayetteville-area chemical maker has been releasing could result in additional state health advisories, similar to the one in place for the same company's release of GenX, according to a scientist who researches such compounds. (carolinapublicpress.org)

Organisms4

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs5

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes5

Disciplines and Occupations1

Health Care1

Oral toxicity3

Mammalian toxicity1

Concentrations14

Chronic toxicity2

Inhalation toxicity1

Symptoms11

Systemic9

Organisms7

Clinical8

Sediment2

Severe2

Nanoparticles1

Daphnia3

20221

Laboratory animals2

Lethal3

Chemicals8

Route of exposure1

Abstract1

Ocular1

Occupational2

Typically3

Vitro4

Persistence1

Acute lead2

Organic1

Sediments2

Nonoccupational Exposure1

Substance5

Minimize3

Genotoxicity1

Symptomatic1

Long Term Exposure4

Salicylate levels1

Negative pregnancy test1

Dose2

Liver3

Risks6

Risk20

Oxidative stress1

Pollutants1

Ineffective1

Levels13

Arsenic1

20161

Results7

Methods4

Study5

Lead22

Prevention1

Commonly1

Data6

Involves1

Conduct1

Compounds2