Toxicity by intravenous administration. Medical search. Frequent questions

They can produce systemic toxicity due to their curare-like properties. (inchem.org)
No abnormalities in clinical signs, terminal body and organ weights, or hematologic and serum chemistry were noted, and no gross or histopathologic lesions of systemic tissue toxicity were found in any treatment group at any time point studied. (hindawi.com)
In conclusion, a single intramuscular dose of C4 produced no acute or chronic systemic toxicity or inflammation in rats, suggesting that C4 may be toxicologically safe for clinical use in cancer brachytherapy. (hindawi.com)
Further, whether leakage of the C4 solution from the capsules after prostate brachytherapy would potentiate systemic inflammatory effects or produce acute or chronic toxicity is unknown. (hindawi.com)
Conventional drugs pose limitations ranging from low efficacy and high cost to systemic toxicity. (intechopen.com)
There is a growing body of literature describing the incidence, causes, treatment, and outcomes of common causes of PPCA (eg, malignant hyperthermia, massive trauma, and local anesthetic systemic toxicity) and the need for a better awareness of these topics within the anesthesiology community at large. (medscape.com)
3. Subject has received systemic glucocorticoids (prednisone >10 mg/day or equivalent doses of similar drugs) or other immunosuppressive agents within 14 days prior to first administration of IMP. (who.int)

The routes of amphetamine administration may be oral (ingestion), inhalation (smoke), or injection (intravenous). (medscape.com)
Vibramycin ( doxycycline hyclate for injection) Intravenous is an antibacterial drug synthetically derived from oxytetracycline, and is available as Vibramycin Hyclate (doxycycline hydrochloride hemiethanolate hemihydrate). (rxlist.com)
Primary: Use undiluted drug and administer by slow intravenous injection at a rate not exceeding 50 mg per minute. (globalrph.com)
For infusion administration, parenteral Phenytoin Sodium Injection should be diluted in normal saline with the final concentration of phenytoin sodium in the solution no less than 5 mg/mL. (globalrph.com)
Because adverse cardiovascular reactions have occurred during and after infusions, careful cardiac monitoring is needed during and after the administration of intravenous Phenytoin Sodium Injection. (globalrph.com)
Because of the risk of local toxicity, intravenous Phenytoin Sodium Injection should be administered directly into a large peripheral or central vein through a large-gauge catheter. (globalrph.com)
A study of the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and acute toxicity of C4 demonstrated rapid, dual-route elimination and lack of toxicity after injection of the C4 solution into the prostate and periprostatic tissues [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Comprehensive instructions for the preparation and administration of the reconstituted Enbrel vial are given in the package leaflet, section 7, "Instructions for preparation and giving an injection of Enbrel. (medicines.org.uk)
Chloroquine diphosphate (3 mg base kg-1) was given by constant rate intravenous injection over 10 min to 12 healthy adult male volunteers. (ox.ac.uk)
Diuresis may be initiated by the parenteral administration of Furosemide Injection and then maintained by oral administration. (medi-vet.com)
Ethylene-oxide was shown to be teratogenic in mice when given by intravenous injection, but not in rats exposed by inhalation. (cdc.gov)
Propylene-oxide produced tumors at the site of injection following subcutaneous administration. (cdc.gov)
The collagen-induced platelet aggregation of platelet-rich plasma samples from 14 healthy rabbits was measured turbidometrically using a platelet aggregometer, before and 1 hour after intravenous injection of alum. (who.int)
Bleeding time from an ear puncture in 8 rabbits was also significantly prolonged after intravenous alum injection. (who.int)
L'agrégation plaquettaire induite par le collagène dans des échantillons de plasma riche en plaquettes de 14 lapins sains a été mesurée par turbidimétrie en utilisant un agrégomètre, avant et une heure après une injection intra- veineuse d'alun. (who.int)

Because of the risks of cardiac and local toxicity associated with intravenous phenytoin, oral phenytoin should be used whenever possible. (globalrph.com)

However, the acute toxicity of Δ 9 -THC, especially when administered intravenously is much greater. (unodc.org)
Acute toxicity of magnetic nanopartic les in mice. (nel.edu)
The acute toxicity of magnetic nanopartic les was effectively lowered by their encapsulation with poly(D,L lactide). (nel.edu)
The acute toxicity testing was performed according to OECD Test Guideline 425. (nel.edu)

The route of administration is the most important determinant of toxicity. (medscape.com)
Rate of administration is therefore a major determinant of toxicity. (ox.ac.uk)

Signs and symptoms of phenytoin toxicity typically correspond to the serum level, and progress from occasional mild nystagmus at 10-20 mcg/mL (the therapeutic range) to coma and seizures at levels above 50 mcg/mL (see Presentation and Workup ). (medscape.com)
Oral use is associated with an approximate 1-hour lag time before onset of symptoms, whereas inhaled and intravenous methods yield effects within a few minutes. (medscape.com)
The most common symptoms of aspirin toxicity are the gastrointestinal effects such as loss of appetite, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, black stools and lethargy. (petplace.com)
Aspirin toxicity can cause acute kidney failure with symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, lethargy, extreme thirst, and dilute urine. (petplace.com)
The symptoms of acute kidney failure are almost identical to the gastrointestinal symptoms of aspirin toxicity. (petplace.com)
Other diseases can have symptoms that appear similar to aspirin toxicity. (petplace.com)
Administration of other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications such as Rimadyl®, Etogesic®, phenylbutazone, flurbiprofen, and ibuprofen may cause identical symptoms as those caused by aspirin toxicity. (petplace.com)
Gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and intestines) of any cause can mimic the gastrointestinal symptoms of aspirin toxicity. (petplace.com)
Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) can cause all of the symptoms associated with aspirin toxicity. (petplace.com)
Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning can cause symptoms similar to those of aspirin toxicity. (petplace.com)
This blood test also indicates evaluation of the liver and pancreas values, which is important because diseases of the liver or pancreas could produce symptoms similar to those of aspirin toxicity. (petplace.com)
Aetna considers laboratory testing medically necessary for heavy metal poisoning (e.g., arsenic, cadmium, copper, gold, iron, mercury) for members with specific signs and symptoms of heavy metal toxicity and/or a history of likely exposure to heavy metals. (aetna.com)
Aetna considers laboratory testing for manganese medically necessary for persons with specific signs and symptoms of manganese toxicity (dyscoordination, loss of balance, confusion) who have a history of likely exposure to high levels of manganese (e.g., occupational exposures to manganese aerosols or dust in the welding or steel industries, exposure to high levels of manganese in contaminated drinking water, suspected manganese toxicity in persons on chronic total parenteral nutrition). (aetna.com)
Dosage and duration of calcium folinate rescue primarily depend on the type and dosage of methotrexate therapy, the occurrence of toxicity symptoms, and the individual excretion capacity for methotrexate. (janusinfo.se)

However, its usage has been decreasing owing to awareness about its level of toxicity. (clickpress.com)
Depending on the level of toxicity, patients with a VPA overdose usually require admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) for continuous monitoring. (medscape.com)

The results of this study could lead to a change to oral therapy as the standard of care for metastatic colorectal cancer, providing the efficacy and toxicity of UFT/leucovorin are at least equivalent due to the ease of administration and patient preference for oral regimens. (cancernetwork.com)

The toxicity of these carbon nanoparticles varies with dose, duration, type (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
No evidence of toxicity was found and the mice tolerated a dose of 5 g/kg of body weight. (wikipedia.org)
2006) could not find toxicity in rodents for C60 and C70 mixtures after oral administration of a dose of 2 g/kg body weight and did not observe evidence of genotoxic or mutagenic potential in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
2005) suggested that aqueous C60 suspensions failing to produce acute or subacute toxicity in rodents could also protect their livers in a dose-dependent manner against free-radical damage. (wikipedia.org)
After administration by inhalation, approximately 8% of the total cromolyn sodium dose administered is absorbed and rapidly excreted unchanged, approximately equally divided between urine and bile. (nih.gov)
This effect may represent an early sign of dose-limiting toxicity following intravenous administration. (nih.gov)
Aspirin toxicity usually occurs because of the ingestion of improperly stored drugs or the administration of the incorrect dose of aspirin. (petplace.com)
He prescribed the dose of intravenous turmeric that killed Jade Erick. (scienceblogs.com)
After baseline evaluation, monthly intravenous boluses of cyclophosphamide (15mg/kg) along with daily oral prednisolone (starting dose 1mg/kg/day, tapered according to clinical response) were administered. (cdlib.org)
High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (250-1000 mg a day for 4-5 consecutive days) [ 4 , 5 ], or dexamethasone (100 mg a day for 3 consecutive days) with cyclophosphamide (500 mg on 1 day) [ 6 ] pulses (DCPs) have been found to be effective in achieving long-term remission, the latter regimen being widely used in centers in India. (cdlib.org)
Since the calcium folinate rescue dosage regimen depends heavily on the posology and method of the intermediate- or high-dose methotrexate administration, the methotrexate protocol will dictate the dosage regimen of calcium folinate rescue. (janusinfo.se)
refer to the applied intermediate or high dose methotrexate protocol for posology and method of administration of calcium folinate. (janusinfo.se)
Calcium folinate can be administered either by the intravenous route at a dose of 20 mg/m2 for 5 to 10 minutes every 6 hours for a total daily dose of 80 mg/m2 or by oral route with four doses of 20 mg/m2 administered at equal time intervals. (janusinfo.se)
Conduct a dose extension study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of intravenous administration of M1-c6v1 at maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) levels. (who.int)
Evaluate dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and determine the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of single-agent intravenous administration of M1-c6v1. (who.int)

Do NOT administer by intravenous or intramuscular routes. (drugs.com)
Besides cell membranes, appropriate drug nanostructuring may allow tissue barrier penetration and drug administration through higher compliance routes such as skin and intestine, in contrast to the usual intravenous and intramuscular routes. (intechopen.com)

However, cardiac toxicity was reported even after rapid administration of fosphenytoin that does not contain propylene glycol, suggesting intrinsic phenytoin cardiac toxicity. (medscape.com)
Orally administered phenytoin is rarely, if ever, associated with cardiac toxicity. (medscape.com)
Other than the direct effects of the beta-adrenoreceptor blockade, toxicity may result from other mechanisms, including sodium and calcium channel blockade, centrally mediated cardiac depression, and alteration of cardiac myocyte energy metabolism. (medscape.com)
3. Side effects: The most clinically important toxicoses include bone marrow suppression, alopecia, and gastrointestinal (BAG adverse effects), perivascular slough (extravasation), cystitis, hypersensitivity and cardiac toxicity. (vin.com)
Nearly five months ago, a 30 year old woman named Jade Erick suffered a cardiac arrest , most likely due to anaphylactic shock, during the infusion of intravenous curcumin ordered by a California naturopath named Kim Kelly, ND (for Not-a-Doctor). (scienceblogs.com)
The American Heart Association (AHA) has released a focused update on managing patients with cardiac arrest or life-threatening toxicity due to poisoning. (medscape.com)
First and foremost, the group recommends timely consultation with a medical toxicologist, a clinical toxicologist, or a regional poison center to facilitate rapid, effective therapy, since treatment of cardiac arrest and toxicity from poisoning often requires treatments that most clinicians don't use frequently. (medscape.com)
Naloxone administration may reverse respiratory arrest due to opioid overdose, preventing progression to cardiac arrest. (medscape.com)

The intravenous LD 50 in rats and mice is in the vicinity of 30 and 40 mg/kg respectively with death occurring in 15 minutes. (unodc.org)
Diarrhea in mice, with in addition, tremor and lacrimation in rats were observed after intraperitoneal or intragastric administration. (unodc.org)
In a 2012 primary study of an olive oil / C60 suspension administered to rats by intra-peritoneal administration or oral gavage, a prolonged lifespan to almost double the normal lifespan of the rats was seen and significant toxicity was not observed. (wikipedia.org)
The median lethal toxicity value in rats for these compounds ranged from 232mg/kg for glycidyl-acrylate to 17100mg/kg for n-alkyl-glycidyl. (cdc.gov)

Administration should commence immediately after the mixture has been prepared and must be completed within 1 to 4 hours (the infusion mixture should not be refrigerated). (globalrph.com)
Prolonged oral administration may replicate a continuous infusion schedule of 5-FU, but with improved efficacy. (cancernetwork.com)

The acute oral toxicity of the cannabis derivatives used as intoxicants (marihuana, kif, hashish) is low. (unodc.org)
CIPRO XR (ciprofloxacin * extended-release tablets) contains ciprofloxacin, a synthetic broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent for oral administration. (theodora.com)
Studies with the oral and intravenous forms of ciprofloxacin have demonstrated penetration of ciprofloxacin into a variety of tissues. (theodora.com)
Pre-hospital therapy may include oral administration of activated charcoal or Fuller's earth in order to bind ingested paraquat. (cdc.gov)
Phase II trials of the oral regimen, UFT (tegafur and uracil) plus leucovorin, have demonstrated that this combination has antitumor activity similar to intravenous regimens of fluorouracil (5-FU) plus leucovorin. (cancernetwork.com)
1,2] In addition, the toxicity of this oral regimen appears favorable in comparison to intravenous 5-FU regimens, with few patients demonstrating severe neutropenia or oral mucositis. (cancernetwork.com)
Additional study objectives included evaluation and comparison of the qualitative and quantitative toxicity and reversibility of toxicity of the oral (UFT/leucovorin) and intravenous (IV) (5-FU/leucovorin) regimens. (cancernetwork.com)
An open labeled clinical trial aimed at assessing the efficacy and safety of pulse intravenous cyclophosphamide with daily oral prednisolone in the treatment of pemphigus was carried out. (cdlib.org)
This chapter will review and discuss studies with nanomedicines that have reached the market such as liposomal amphotericin B for intravenous administration, and innovative preclinical studies aiming at developing effective cutaneous and oral drugs with focus on CL. (intechopen.com)
Ces résultats semblent indiquer que l'utilisation de l'alun en tant qu'antiplaquettaire oral pourrait faire l'objet d'études complémentaires, en tenant compte des effets secondaires éventuels notamment chez les patients dont la fonction rénale est altérée. (who.int)

Genetic polymorphism in the cytochrome enzymes that metabolize phenytoin may be responsible for variable rates of metabolism and thus susceptibility to toxicity, even in individuals taking appropriate doses. (medscape.com)
1996-97) studied the in vivo toxicity of C60 after intra-peritoneal administration of large doses. (wikipedia.org)
Intravenous Curcumin is absorbed better, faster and can be given in much higher doses compared to taking it orally. (scienceblogs.com)
Daily doses of calcium folinate should be adjusted depending on the hematological toxicity of trimetrexate. (janusinfo.se)
Overdosage (possibly occurring with trimetrexate doses above 90 mg/m2 without concomitant administration of calcium folinate): after stopping trimetrexate, calcium folinate 40 mg/m2 IV every 6 hours for 3 days. (janusinfo.se)

Aspirin toxicity can lead to ulceration of the stomach or intestine and, in extreme cases, stomach or bowel perforation that causes a severe, life threatening, bacterial infection of the abdomen. (petplace.com)
UFT plus leucovorin is administered orally with continuous administration over 28 days, with interruptions if moderate or severe toxicity occurs. (cancernetwork.com)

In addition to the Δ 9 -THC content of smoke, therefore, all of these by-products of smoking should also be considered in toxicity studies, especially chronic ones. (unodc.org)
It's also been found that intravenous curcumin in combination with vitamin C and glutathione (I call it the "Mother of All Antioxidants") has a potentiating effecting in helping people with chronic health conditions e.g. hepatitis C, liver fibrosis. (scienceblogs.com)
The reinforcing effects of cocaine were not altered by chronic MDMA self-administration, nor was the VMAT binding potential as assessed by PET. (erowid.org)

Pulse cyclophosphamide has fewer side effects than traditional cyclophosphamide administration with regard to urinary bladder malignancies and gonadal toxicity [ 9 , 10 ]. (cdlib.org)

The use of intravenous lipid emulsions as an antidote in toxicology: a review. (petpoisonhelpline.com)
Use of 20% intravenous lipid emulsion can be efficacious in the resuscitation of life-threatening local anesthetic toxicity , especially from bupivacaine, Lavonas indicated. (medscape.com)

If allopurinol toxicity occurs, options include other xanthine oxidase inhibitors, allopurinol desensitisation, or a uricosuric. (bmj.com)
Aspirin toxicity (salicylate toxicity) is poisoning that occurs following the ingestion of aspirin or aspirin-containing products. (petplace.com)

In relation to the idea to use magnetic nanopartic les in development of new delivery systems suitable for targeted drug administration, the toxicological profile of five types of magnetic fluids was assessed in mice. (nel.edu)

These patients may exhibit signs of toxicity when drug levels are within the therapeutic range (see Lab Studies). (medscape.com)
At times, patients who develop bronchospasm may not be able to continue cromolyn sodium administration despite prior bronchodilator administration. (nih.gov)
Patients with acute myocardial infarction need to be treated with intravenous esmolol. (clickpress.com)
Side effects of treatment included amenorrhea (3 patients), microscopic hematuria (3) which cleared with co-administration of mesna, vomiting (1), weight gain (10), gastritis (1), and cataract (2). (cdlib.org)
Calcium folinate rescue has to be performed by parenteral administration in patients with malabsorption syndromes or other gastrointestinal disorders where enteral absorption is not assured. (janusinfo.se)

Historically, phenytoin was used as an antidysrhythmic agent, especially in the treatment of dysrhythmias due to digoxin toxicity. (medscape.com)

A little over a week ago, a number of readers sent me a link to an FDA safety alert and report of its investigation into Erick's death and another case of a serious hypersensitivity reaction due to intravenous curcumin. (scienceblogs.com)

Phenytoin administration has been associated with toxic effects. (medscape.com)

Although childhood fevers can be lowered by antipyretics (Wong 2014), several randomised clinical trials have shown no evidence that antipyretic administration reduces the incidence of seizures in susceptible children (Offringa and Newton 2013). (cebm.net)

Verdict the current evidence does not support routine antipyretic administration to treat fever in acute respiratory infections and COVID-19. (cebm.net)

Because of the increased risk of adverse cardiovascular reactions associated with rapid administration, intravenous administration should not exceed 50 mg per minute in adults. (globalrph.com)
Cardiovascular toxicity and distribution kinetics of intravenous chloroquine. (ox.ac.uk)
These findings suggest that the cardiovascular toxicity of parenteral chloroquine is related to transiently high plasma concentrations occurring early in the distribution phase. (ox.ac.uk)

Hence the purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential inflammatory toxicity of C4 in the target organs and systemically. (hindawi.com)
10,000/ µ L) persisted despite a collaboration among multiple agencies was required to identify platelet transfusion and administration of intravenous immune the extent of mercury contamination, evaluate and treat the globulin (IVIG). (cdc.gov)

Most commonly, gastrointestinal side effects are delayed, usually 2-5 days following chemotherapy administration. (vin.com)

Furthermore, because of the insolubility of pure cannabinoid compounds in water, their intravenous administration in animals requires the addition of solvents such as tween, alcohol, ethylene glycol, which have to be taken into account. (unodc.org)

Understanding the direct and indirect effects of beta-receptor blockade is crucial to rapid identification and appropriate treatment of beta-blocker toxicity. (medscape.com)
Inappropriate advertisement of laetrile as a cancer treatment resulted in a U.S. Food and Drug Administration investigation that culminated in charges and conviction of one distributor. (cancer.gov)
Intravenous fluid therapy and intravenous antibiotic treatment are the treatment of choice for these animals. (vin.com)
For whatever reason, however she found him, she sought out treatment from a naturopath named Kim Kelly, who, as it turns out, has been a vocal advocate of intravenous curcumin to treat…just about everything. (scienceblogs.com)
In addition to calcium folinate administration, measures to ensure the prompt excretion of methotrexate (maintenance of high urine output and alkalinisation of urine) are integral parts of the calcium folinate rescue treatment. (janusinfo.se)

Liposomal formulations have therefore been developed, but the toxicity of these preparations is not yet established. (nih.gov)

2001. -Tocopherol modulates liver toxicity of the pyrethroid cypermethrin. (cdc.gov)

In the United States, researchers must file an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to conduct drug research in human subjects. (cancer.gov)
[ 4 ] can lead to escalating use of the drug and increased toxicity. (medscape.com)
A specific cream containing 0.075% capsaicin (Zostrix-HP, Link Medical Products Pty Ltd.) is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating this condition. (medicinenet.com)
This capsaicin patch is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for this use. (medicinenet.com)
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. (globalrph.com)
The intravenous route of drug administration is the most common form of administration for several drugs because of its rapid effect. (clickpress.com)
After approximately 18 months of MDMA self-administration, drug exposure was halted and after at least 2 months drug abstinence, animals were scanned using positron emission tomography (PET) with the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) ligand dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ). (erowid.org)
It is likely that smoking as a route of administration is being more frequently chosen by drug abusers as a "safer" route because of the dangers of intravenous (IV) transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. (erowid.org)
1 The use of goggles, gloves, and protective gowns is recommended during preparation and administration of the drug. (drugs.com)
Until now, the drug has only been available through intravenous administration and has faced challenges due to toxicity. (icotherapeutics.com)

Beta-blocker toxicity in adults usually results from a suicide attempt or an accidental overdose of a routine medication. (medscape.com)
A history of administration or accidental ingestion of aspirin is helpful to your veterinarian in determining the cause of your dog's illness. (petplace.com)
Acute neurotoxicity due to accidental intravenous procaine penicillin G administration in 1 cat and 2 dogs. (petpoisonhelpline.com)

Pulse intravenous cyclophosphamide without a concomitant corticosteroid pulse has also been used in recalcitrant cases of pemphigus with encouraging results [ 7 , 8 ]. (cdlib.org)

Beta-blocker toxicity in children usually results from exposure to an adult's unattended medications. (medscape.com)

Anaphylactic reactions with cromolyn sodium administration have been reported rarely. (nih.gov)

A neutrophil nadir in dogs is most commonly seen 5-10 days (14 days for carboplatin) after the administration of most chemotherapeutic agents. (vin.com)

However, the use of these drugs may come with toxicities that are distinct from the side effects of immunochemotherapy. (haematologica.org)

Additionally, we describe how neuropathology can negatively influence these pathways, and conclude by discussing opportunities to optimize the intramuscular administration route to maximize gene delivery and thus therapeutic potential. (frontiersin.org)
Furosemide is a chemically distinct diuretic and saluretic pharmacodynamically characterized by a high degree of efficacy, low-inherent toxicity and a high therapeutic index. (medi-vet.com)

method to introduce genetic material into select neuronal populations is by virus administration into muscle, which is the focus of this review. (frontiersin.org)

Zinc phosphide rodenticide toxicity in dogs: 362 cases (2004-2009). (petpoisonhelpline.com)

Peak plasma concentrations occur in 5 minutes with intravenous use, 30 minutes with nasal or intramuscular use, and 2-3 hours postingestion. (medscape.com)

To understand the particular toxicity associated with smoking, it is necessary to integrate research findings in several areas. (erowid.org)
Abdominal ultrasound treated with platelet transfusions, intravenous immune globu- findings demonstrated splenomegaly. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy20

Organisms21

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs96

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment73

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes37

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Health Care13

Systemic7

Injection15

Local toxicity1

Acute toxicity4

Determinant of toxicity2

Symptoms14

Level of toxicity2

Efficacy and Toxicity1

Dose15

Intramuscular routes2

Cardiac8

Rats4

Infusion2

Oral10

Doses5

Severe2

Chronic3

Urinary1

Lipid2

Occurs2

Mice1

Patients5

Dysrhythmias1

Hypersensitivity1

Phenytoin1

Seizures1

Respiratory1

Cardiovascular3

Evaluate2

Gastrointestinal1

Compounds1

Treatment5

Liposomal1

Liver1

Drug10

Accidental3

Concomitant1

Medications1

Rarely1

Commonly1

Side effects1

Therapeutic2

Genetic1

Dogs1

Plasma concentrations1

Findings2