• Here, the notion of "natural capital" was viewed in terms of the stock of physical properties and natural-material use values constituting real wealth and was seen as opposed to the growing "sense of capitalism" as a system of mere exchange value or cash nexus. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Capitalism, that sustains on the maximisation of profits and surplus production in the system, drives this blind race for productivity which is not for the society or the people, but for the accumulation of profits in its guise. (newsclick.in)
  • The problem she saw in Volume Two of Capital revolved around a central question for all socialists - can capitalism go on forever? (marxists.org)
  • Like Marx, Luxemburg understood that capitalism was not the end of human development, but a historical system that would give way to change sooner or later. (marxists.org)
  • Capitalism is the stage in the development of human society characterised by class monopoly of the means of production, with wage-labour and commodity-production. (worldsocialism.org)
  • Global responsible investing totaled $23 trillion in 2017, a rise of 25 percent since 2014. (dlacalle.com)
  • The substantial resurgence of monkeypox in Nigeria in 2017 appears to have been driven by a combination of population growth, accumulation of unvaccinated cohorts, and decline in smallpox vaccine immunity. (cdc.gov)
  • Did Trade Openness Affect Income Distribution in Latin America? (repec.org)
  • Rather than a series of isolated incidents carried out by a few bad apples," they write, "the extraordinary violence and social injustice accompanying the activities of Canadian capital in Latin America are systemic features of Canadian imperialism in the twenty-first century. (minesandcommunities.org)
  • Gordon and Webber take a moment to spell out which "Canadian interests" are really at stake in Latin America-the principal region for Canadian direct investment abroad (CDIA) in the mining sector-and what it has looked like for at least two decades: "liberalization of capital flows, the rewriting of natural resource and financial sector rules, the privatization of public assets, and so on. (minesandcommunities.org)
  • While US markets were relatively unscathed, markets in East Asia and Latin America were harshly affected, and European bond markets were so weakened that some dealings in French government bonds were temporarily suspended. (nybooks.com)
  • Against the background of inconclusive evidence about the inequality-growth relation, this paper suggests that the level of inequality increases via the human capital channel with credit market imperfections and that this increasing inequality negatively affects economic growth. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • This column exploits US data to argue that inequality affects negatively the future income growth of the poor and positively that of the rich. (cepr.org)
  • In two separate applications, one to the EU member countries and one to the American states, they find that inequality of opportunity is negatively correlated with growth while the residual ("good inequality") tends to help growth. (cepr.org)
  • Cancers also negatively affect countries' economic growth. (bvsalud.org)
  • Economic growth, skill-biased technical change and wage inequality: A model and estimations for the US and Europe. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The presented empirical results, using Korean data from 1998 to 2008, imply that education plays a significant role in the divergence of household wealth over time and that the government's financial aid package in the form of the new student loans program positively influences equality and short-run economic growth by promoting the number of skilled workers. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The Accumulation of Capital , first published in 1915, was both a major theoretical work and a political intervention, part of her ongoing battle to reassert the validity of revolutionary Marxism. (marxists.org)
  • Karl Marx developed the original insights of Quesnay to model the circulation of capital, money, and commodities in the second volume of Das Kapital to show how the reproduction process that must occur in any type of society can take place in capitalist society by means of the circulation of capital. (wikipedia.org)
  • In capitalist society, Marx said, wealth takes the form of an immense accumulation of commodities. (worldsocialism.org)
  • As articles of wealth all commodities share two characteristics: they are useful and they are products of human labour. (worldsocialism.org)
  • Commodities and means of production may be transformed into money and vice versa, so that possession of capital is expressed as possession of money. (libcom.org)
  • Although through market competition commodity values take on the form of production prices, i.e., capitalist cost prices plus the average social profit, a commodity's value in terms of the labor time required to produce it still remains, since the average rate of profit is determined by the size of surplus value in relation to the total value of all commodities produced. (libcom.org)
  • From Physical to Human Capital Accumulation: Inequality and the Process of Development. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • This nineteenth-century notion of "natural capital," conceived in physical, use-value terms, was to be revived in the 1970s and '80s as part of an emerging ecological critique. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Defining objective to be anything beyond the human mind and not just related to matter in the physical form, he argued that human perception correctly and accurately reflect an objective external world. (newsclick.in)
  • The model accounted for (1) the effect of COPD mortality and morbidity on labour supply, (2) age and sex specific differences in education and work experience among those affected by COPD, and (3) the impact of COPD treatment costs on physical capital accumulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Ultimately, obesity results from a long-standing imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, including energy utilization for basic metabolic processes and energy expenditure from physical activity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Marx viewed reproduction as the process by which society re-created itself, both materially and socially. (wikipedia.org)
  • In order to develop a critical analysis of the current capitalist expropriation of world ecology, it is necessary to explore the concept of natural capital in the work of Marx and other early radical critics within classical political economy. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Today, over a hundred years after the publication of the first volume of Capital, the interest in the ideas of Karl Marx is wider than ever. (worldsocialism.org)
  • As the IEG told its investors, while the asset value of the world economy is $512 trillion, the asset value of the earth's natural capital is estimated at $4 quadrillion ($4,000 trillion), all potentially for the taking. (monthlyreview.org)
  • By November 2011, 14.6 million borrowers were underwater on their mortgages, the total amount of negative equity in America pegged at $1.15 trillion . (tomdispatch.com)
  • According to Galor and Moav (2006), the key to fast growth in modern societies is not capital accumulation but improvements in human capital. (cepr.org)
  • Specifically, we construct a life cycle model that features some key determinants of wages--most notably, human capital accumulation and idiosyncratic shocks. (federalreserve.gov)
  • Economic Growth and Income Inequality. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Kaldor (1956), for example, considers income inequality as necessary for the provision of savings (the rich save more than the poor), and thus key for capital accumulation and economic growth. (cepr.org)
  • This represents the culmination of a theoretical shift in the dominant economic paradigm aimed at the unlimited accumulation of total capital, now seen as including "natural capital. (monthlyreview.org)
  • the struggle against inequality and for the destruction of capital is innately linked with the struggle for man-nature dialectics of the higher order, where the earth does not remain a commodity to be exploited. (newsclick.in)
  • The purchaser of this special commodity uses it to enlarge his capital, measured in money terms. (libcom.org)
  • In the circulation process capital alternately assumes commodity form and money form as it accumulates. (libcom.org)
  • Control of anthrax among humans depends on the integration of veterinary and human health surveillance and control programmes. (who.int)
  • But is it, in fact, inevitable that new phases of accumulation will emerge from the aftermath of what now promises to be an enormous and protracted shake-out? (newleftreview.org)
  • By using a statistical model to account for declining individual-level immunity, this study aimed to quantify the fraction of the population that is susceptible to monkeypox and plot the growth of this population during 1970-2018. (cdc.gov)
  • Chart 1 describes the flows and relationships between different plan/policy processes in Uganda. (imf.org)
  • Updated every three years with annual progress reports, they describe the country's macroeconomic, structural, and social policies in support of growth and poverty reduction, as well as associated external financing needs and major sources of financing. (imf.org)
  • After a period of economic growth, which brought millions of people from dire poverty up to the consumption levels of a poor version of "middle class," Brazil entered a phase of recession, with austerity policies and cuts in social benefits-an emerging country with the symptoms of a rich country's disease. (crimethinc.com)
  • We aimed to examine the potential role of declining population immunity and how it interacts with the country's rapid urbanization to affect the reemergence of monkeypox in Nigeria. (cdc.gov)
  • Policy interventions targeting Schumpeterian entrepreneurship objectives-e.g., innovative entrepreneurship and the development of new technologies-are conducive to technical change by promoting upward shifts in the countries' production function and, consequently, productivity growth. (springer.com)
  • Echoing the seminal work by Solow ( 1957 ), economists have devoted a great deal of effort to evaluating the sources of productivity growth between and within countries over time. (springer.com)
  • More concretely, we evaluate if the national system of entrepreneurship is conducive to productivity growth by enabling and enhancing different types of entrepreneurship which we link to different sources of productivity growth. (springer.com)
  • More unequal societies may then be more prone to wasting human resources, which would lead to lower growth. (cepr.org)
  • Perceptions of unequal opportunities, by affecting individual aspirations, may also reduce investments in human capital. (cepr.org)
  • Their development mainly depends on the exploitation and processing of nonrenewable resources such as minerals, forests, and oil in the region. (frontiersin.org)
  • Generally, the formation of human capital mainly depends on the input of education, health and income, and so forth [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • It usually depends on what solidarity networks and under-resourced support groups can sustain in their attempts to raise the issues and amplify the voices of those affected by one of Canada's most globalized industries. (minesandcommunities.org)
  • If our strategies are premised on endless growth, we are setting ourselves up for inevitable failure. (crimethinc.com)
  • Smith answers that the individual, in the process of providing for personal interests, unintentionally contributes to the economic wellbeing of society. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • The resulting hypoalbuminemia contributes to extravascular fluid accumulation. (medscape.com)
  • The profit in Marx's theory is not an "input" (it is not part of the capital advanced), but a business result, the yield of capital on an investment. (wikipedia.org)
  • She wrote, 'If we should ask why Marx's Capital affords no solution to this important problem of the accumulation of capital, we must bear in mind above all that this second volume is not a finished whole but a manuscript that stops half way through. (marxists.org)
  • In Marxian economics, economic reproduction refers to recurrent (or cyclical) processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • What critical theory can add(among other things) is a delineation of the social force that acts as a singular and potent determination of the material environment on a global scale, and which can consequently be legitimately considered a key catalyst both of macro-historical processes, like climate change,and short-term yet recurrent phenomena like epidemics;and this social force is none other than capital. (theanarchistlibrary.org)
  • Inequality, Human Capital Formation and the Process of Development (NBER Working Paper No. 17058). (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Endochondral bone formation seems to be affected in MPS IV. (medscape.com)
  • Since American economist Schultz put forward Human Capital Theory in 1960s, the Human Capital Theory and its impact on social and economic development are one of the hot research issues for specialists and scholars at home and aboard. (hindawi.com)
  • However, existing societies, economies and cultures incite consumption expansion and the structural imperative for growth in competitive market economies inhibits necessary societal change. (nature.com)
  • From Adam Smith to John Stuart Mill, early theorists of the wealth of nations were pessimistic about their societies' long-term prospects for growth, and assumed that the productivity gains from specialization and the division of labour would be thwarted after a certain point by the exhaustion of the soil and population increase. (newleftreview.org)
  • It is hardly surprising in this context that the first references to "natural capital" and to the "earth's capital stock" arose in this same period in the work of radical and socialist political economists, who sought to defend nature and the commons against the intrusions of the market. (monthlyreview.org)
  • The ecology of the earth stabilized following the total freezing of the earth's surface 700 or 800 million years ago, stabilized following the great Permian extinction and will stabilize after the human industrial extinction to which we presently contribute. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • Countries where businesses, governments and other institutions have engendered more trust experience stronger per capita real GDP growth, a standard measure of economic prosperity. (deloitte.com)
  • Uganda is a landlocked country in East Africa with a total population of 34.1 million which is growing at a rate of 3.3% (World Bank, 2007a). (grin.com)
  • The expansion of the scale of education, development of healthy environment, growth of GDP, development of skill training, and population migration could reduce the input of creative human capital and promote the technical efficiency, while development of trade and institutional change, on the contrary, would block the input of creative human capital and the promotion the technical efficiency. (hindawi.com)
  • Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have increased since the pre-industrial era, driven largely by economic and population growth, and are now higher than ever. (newsclick.in)
  • The derangement of the natural balance of rainforests for example, caused by logging, mining, construction of roads, urbanisation and consequent rise of population, brings humans to closer contact with animals, from which they were isolated in the past years. (nka.gr)
  • demographical changes including high rates of fertility and population growth, and epidemiological changes such as the substantial increase in prevalence of chronic diseases are among the major challenges facing the Palestinian health system. (who.int)
  • Food is a basic human need and plays a crucial role in the agro-based economy of Bangladesh, where a large proportion of the income of the population is allocated to food. (who.int)
  • Obesity, a disease characterized by the accumulation of excess body fats deleterious to health, is growing in prevalence worldwide and also affecting the pediatric population 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The expanding unvaccinated population means that entire households, not just children, are now more susceptible to monkeypox, increasing risk of human-to-human transmission. (cdc.gov)
  • Preliminary genetic analysis suggests multiple zoonotic introductions from animal reservoirs into the human population ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The rationale is that inequality of opportunity may harm economic growth because it favours human capital accumulation by individuals with better social origins, rather than by those with more talent. (cepr.org)
  • To study how inequality of opportunity affects the income growth of individuals at different steps of the socio-economic ladder, one must also understand growth. (cepr.org)
  • Individuals enter the economy with an initial stock of human capital and are able to accumulate more human capital over the life cycle using a Ben-Porath (1967) style technology (which essentially combines learning ability, time, and existing human capital for production). (federalreserve.gov)
  • Individuals can choose to either invest in human capital on the job up to a certain fraction of their time or enroll in school where they can invest full time. (federalreserve.gov)
  • We review and summarise those studies that holistically assess the impact of human activities, in the sense that impacts are not restricted to the home, city, or territory of the individuals, but instead are counted irrespective of where they occur. (nature.com)
  • 1 In the process, the entire human relation to nature was alienated and upended. (monthlyreview.org)
  • the basis of production, then, is the social relation between wage labor and capital. (libcom.org)
  • We expand the model presented by Galor and Zeira (1993) to represent the fact that the economy benefits from endogenous technological progress and that the government provides financial aid to reduce the financial hurdles for human capital accumulation. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Humanity, therefore, is facing issues of ecological survival on two levels: (1) a still reversible but rapidly worsening Earth System crisis, threatening to undermine civilization as a whole and make the planet uninhabitable for the human species, and (2) accelerating extreme weather and other ecological disasters associated with climate change that are now unavoidable in the coming decades, affecting localities and regions throughout the globe. (transcend.org)
  • They find that the new technology changed the returns to fertilizers, irrigated land, and capital, all of which proved scarce to varying degrees, Complementing technology-related changes in factor use were investments - public and private - driven in part by policy. (worldbank.org)
  • The authors find that factor accumulation played an important role in output growth, and that accumulations from policy-driven investments in human capital, and public infrastructure, were important sources of productivity gains. (worldbank.org)
  • This relationship is largely driven by inequality of opportunity, which limits the growth prospects at the bottom of the income distribution. (cepr.org)
  • The most basic conflict of our time, that of economic growth vs. ecological integrity, is driven by a common desire and demand to maintain the safety and comfort of our home. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • Inequality, Human Capital and Development: Making the Theory Face the Facts (MPRA Paper No. 18973). (uni-muenchen.de)
  • According to the National Sustainable Development Plan for Resource-Based Cities (2013-2020) issued by the State Council in 2013, 262 resource-based cities were identified, accounting for 40% of the total number of cities in China, including 126 prefecture-level administrative regions. (frontiersin.org)
  • The lock-in and crowding-out effect caused by such an industrial structure not only excludes the expansion of the manufacturing industry but also restricts the development of primary and tertiary industries ( Fan and Zhang, 2021 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Moreover, he points out that an increase in women's participation does not only generate results for women in general-a reward on its own merit-but it also provides social benefits as women are a major influence on social change, innovation and the development process (pp. 201-2). (mdpi.com)
  • [2] Karamoja remains the least developed part of the country with lower human development indicators due to limited access to school, poor infrastructure resulting in abject poverty and regional inequality. (grin.com)
  • Given the importance of human capital in the process of economic development, the results presented here suggest that natural disasters represent a significant threat to the development prospects of relatively poor countries. (repec.org)
  • Previous researches have proved the positive effect of creative human capital and its development on the development of economy. (hindawi.com)
  • Human capital usually has greater appreciation of space than material capital and other production factors, especially in the postindustry era and in the stage of rapid economic knowledge development. (hindawi.com)
  • As a "live" capital form, human capital, with its creativity and innovation, has greater value and development potential in the aspects of optimizing allocation of resources or speeding up the economic development and promoting the social progress. (hindawi.com)
  • A lot of researches show that human capital is playing a more and more significant role in the development of national culture or society or economy or employment or income and so on [ 5 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The activities of constant deforestation, systematic destruction of many wildlife natural habitats, land clearance, unlimited agricultural development as well as of frenzy urbanisation processes which have brought people and agricultural lands close to wildlife, force the animals to abandon their habitats. (nka.gr)
  • According to the WHO, transport policies, urban planning, marketing, heath, agriculture, distribution of processed foods and education all comprise socioeconomic characteristics which exert an influence on the development of obesity 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Ironically, these are the kinds of things that human beings can do rather well. (beagleresearch.com)
  • challenges for the survival of the planet and also of its living species, including human beings. (newsclick.in)
  • It is the dialectical relationship between the two that has - with centuries of the evolutionary process and the active role of ma - posed a serious threat to the earth and its living beings. (newsclick.in)
  • However, the most important challenge facing the health sector in the occupied Palestinian territories is the Israeli occupation itself, its continued savage aggression against Palestinians as human beings, the construction of military barriers and of the apartheid wall which separate different parts of Palestinian lands, also separating those lands from the rest of the world through the closure of crossing points and frontiers. (who.int)
  • In more recent decades, however, mainstream neoclassical economics (sometimes with the help of ecological economists), together with corporate finance, have completely separated the concept of natural capital from its original use-value-based critique, the memory of which has long receded, conceiving natural capital instead entirely in exchange-value terms, as just another form of financialized capital. (monthlyreview.org)
  • a world where all that one has seems to come from economic activity and not from the ecological processes which underlie and sustain all living existence. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • Prior studies have documented significant differences in total factor productivity (TFP) across economies (e.g. (springer.com)
  • The differences among education investment, health investment, and family economic income invariably tend to raise up the differences of human capital stock directly [ 12 , 13 ], while the differences of human capital will lead to the differences of their effects. (hindawi.com)
  • According to the differences of human capital stock, human capital can be divided into general human capital, professional human capital, and creative human capital. (hindawi.com)
  • Bradbury and Triest (2016), using measures of absolute and relative inter-generational mobility as proxies for equality of opportunity, find that mobility has a positive effect on future economic growth. (cepr.org)
  • In a new working paper (Marrero et al 2016), we try to answer this question by "unpacking" both inequality and growth. (cepr.org)
  • Routine cross-notification between the veterinary and human health surveillance systems should be part of any zoonotic disease prevention and control programme, and close collaboration between the two health sectors is particularly important during epidemiological and outbreak investigations. (who.int)
  • Fig 1: Total primary school enrollment 1990 to 2009 in Million. (grin.com)
  • This paper seeks to apply Human Capital Theory and Human Rights approach to critically analyse benefits of basic education in poverty reduction and realisation of regional equality in Northern Uganda. (grin.com)
  • In simpler terms, it means that a degree rise in temperature will not just severely affect biodiversity, but will also spell doom for island nations and habitations at sea level. (newsclick.in)
  • Together these developments represent a sea change in the capitalization of nature, such that all natural processes that involve ecosystem services to the economy are now increasingly seen to be subject to exchange on the market for profit-all in the name of conservation and climate change. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Human emissions of Carbon dioxide and other GHGs are a primary driver of climate change, and present one of the world's most pressing challenges. (newsclick.in)
  • The findings of the report indicate that each year climate change leaves over 3,00,000 people dead, 325 million people seriously affected, and causes economic losses worth US$125 billion. (newsclick.in)
  • Nevertheless, while it is still possible to avoid irreversible climate change through a massive transformation in the mode of production, it is no longer feasible to circumvent accelerating environmental disasters in the present century on a scale never seen before in human history, endangering the lives and living conditions of billions of people. (transcend.org)
  • It is concerned with all the conditions for that, including the social and technical conditions necessary for the economic process. (wikipedia.org)
  • On the basis of recent work (Bell 2003), these readily obtained observations about the management of fertility enable us to explain the fact of socially amorphous and flexible organization among the structurally simplest of contemporary hunter-gatherers and with similar immediacy recognize that a very different form of social organization had to predominate among early humans. (socionauki.ru)
  • The general human capital contains social average knowledge stock and the ability of analysis, computing ability, learning ability, and adaptability, and the corresponding social role is the division of ordinary workers. (hindawi.com)
  • In effect, State bodies are impenetrable, the legal issues are mired in confusion, and public policies, constitutional reforms and laws are confected to abrogate collective rights, infringe on the commons and weaken the social pact. (grain.org)
  • Since capital expansion determines the course of social production, if the latter is to proceed smoothly it must be profitable enough to permit accumulation. (libcom.org)
  • They conclude that policies that ease constraints on factor markets, and promote public investment in people, and infrastructure, provide the best opportunities for agricultural growth. (worldbank.org)
  • The purpose of this paper is to show that band organization was not the prevailing form among early humans . (socionauki.ru)
  • In their totality, these ideas provide a fully worked-out theoretical basis for the struggle of the working class to attain a higher form of human society - socialism. (socialist.net)
  • We are rapidly approaching a planetary tipping point in the form of a climate Armageddon, threatening to make the earth unlivable for the human species, as well as innumerable other species. (transcend.org)
  • To be sure, "Capital"(especially when writ large) can be used in an entirely abstract manner, explaining everything and nothing, which can be at the same time a pretty vulgar and moralistic manner, which turns a complex process into the grand villain of history. (theanarchistlibrary.org)
  • Studies have shown that the effects of human capital that received higher education, on individual performance, total productivity, technological progress, economic growth, and international trade, are significantly greater than the human capital which received secondary education and basic education [ 14 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In the former case, no economic growth occurs, while in the latter case, more is produced than is needed to maintain the economy at the given level, making economic growth possible. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has existed for hundreds of years and still occurs naturally in both animals and humans in many parts of the world, including Asia, southern Europe, sub-Sahelian Africa and parts of Australia. (who.int)
  • Since it was first reported in Vietnam in 2003, the disease has been responsible for human outbreaks and deaths in 15 countries in Asia, Europe, Middle East and Africa resulting in 603 human cases including 356 deaths. (who.int)
  • Egypt has been the most affected country in the EMR where the disease has remained endemic, with frequent epizootic and 167 human cases that include 60 deaths. (who.int)
  • While lineages, tribes and states are the most sophisticated forms of such aggregations, the author suggests the likelihood that early humans might have possessed other forms that are ethnographically unknown. (socionauki.ru)
  • That is a substantial gain given that annual global per capita real GDP growth averaged about 2.2% between 2015 and 2019. (deloitte.com)
  • 4 For a country such as Brazil, raising trust to attainable levels seen in other countries would ensure that its per capita real GDP growth rate was at least that of the global average, adding more than US$40 billion to its 2019 output (figure 1). (deloitte.com)
  • Almost all the global warming since 1850 can be attributed to human emissions! (newsclick.in)
  • The fifth scenario (SSP5-8.5) points to an increase in the global average temperature of 4.4°C (best estimate)-spelling the collapse of civilization and absolute disaster for the human species. (transcend.org)
  • This economic effect is equivalent to a yearly tax of 0·111% (0·085-0·141) on global GDP. (bvsalud.org)
  • Based on an extensive analysis of many access to information requests and other sources, Jen says this is a worthwhile read for anyone interested in getting a deeper understanding of the role of the Canadian state in promoting, enabling and defending Canadian economic interests throughout the region at great cost to affected peoples. (minesandcommunities.org)
  • Progressive taxation compresses the (after-tax) wage structure, thereby distorting the incentives to accumulate human capital, in turn reducing the cross-sectional dispersion of (before-tax) wages. (federalreserve.gov)
  • As a result of the cointegration analysis, it has been determined that the variables are related in the long run, exports have a positive effect on innovation, whereas imports and foreign direct investments adversely affect innovation. (9lib.net)
  • According to Freeman (1982), innovation refers to all design, manufacturing, management, and commercial activities performed in the marketing of a new product or for the first commercial use of a new process or equipment. (9lib.net)
  • At the same time, improving, developing, and differentiating an existing product or a process is also innovation. (9lib.net)
  • An invention is the transformation of an idea with a dimension of innovation into a product or process. (9lib.net)
  • On the contrary, all activities and processes should be carried out as intertwined with innovation. (9lib.net)
  • The companies that made innovation their corporate culture and integrated it with their processes are those with a high level of innovation performance. (9lib.net)
  • It means that these processes tend to be increasingly reorganized to bring them in line with the requirements of the accumulation of capital. (wikipedia.org)
  • as a result of the 2008-9 slump, the unemployed labour force increased by about 30 million workers (a number approximately equal to the total workforce of France, or Britain). (wikipedia.org)
  • Wealth is anything useful produced by human labour from materials found in nature. (worldsocialism.org)
  • thus it indirectly promotes economic growth. (hindawi.com)
  • Humans generally acquire the disease directly or indirectly from infected animals, or through occupational exposure to infected or contaminated animal products. (who.int)
  • The highly pathogenic avian influenza is a highly contagious disease affecting wild birds and poultry with occasional infections in human. (who.int)