• Posterior to the tip lies the body of the tongue, which has dorsal (superior) and ventral (inferior) surfaces. (medscape.com)
  • For most small T1 and T2 lesions confined to the tongue, peroral horizontal wedge excision with primary anterior-to-posterior closure may be achieved quite easily. (medscape.com)
  • Rather than leave the skull with the facial nerve, the chorda tympani travels through the middle ear , where it runs from posterior to anterior across the tympanic membrane . (wikidoc.org)
  • the lateral aspect of the spinal medulla, between the anterior and posterior roots of the spinal nerves, its origin extending from the level of the accessory portion as low as the origin of the sixth cervical nerve (for the deep origin, see p. 596). (co.ma)
  • After crossing the posterior triangle the nerve ends by supplying the trapezius muscle on its deep surface. (co.ma)
  • Small branches supply the stylo-hyoid and the posterior belly of the digastric, the latter nerve sometimes communicating with the glossopharyngeal. (co.ma)
  • The posterior auricular nerve bends backwards and upwards over the anterior border of the mastoid pro*cess along with the posterior auricular artery. (co.ma)
  • The posterior auricular nerve, in its course, communicates with the great auricular, lesser occipital, and auricular branch of the vagus nerves. (co.ma)
  • The dorsal lingual vein drains the dorsum and lateral aspects of the tongue and joins the lingual vein along side the lingual artery and finally drains into the internal jugular vein at or near the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. (ispub.com)
  • We believe that in our case the laryngeal mask airway was occluding the patients' lingual artery bilaterally. (ispub.com)
  • The cause of compression of the lingual artery may be due to malpositioning, size of LMA it self, or the cuff may also be a factor. (ispub.com)
  • Uncontrolledbleeding from the lingual artery,if left unchecked, may cause anexpanding ecchymosis that could compromisethe airway and/or blood volumeand may result in fatality.REVIEW OF THE ANATOMYLingual arteryThe lingual artery arises from the externalcarotid artery between the superiorthyroid and facial arteries (Figures1, 2, and 3). (allenpress.com)
  • The spinal portion of the nerve, or external ramus, extends into the neck, where at first it lies along with other nerves, in the interval between the internal carotid artery and the internal jugular vein. (co.ma)
  • 3) The external superficial petrosal nerve is a minute inconstant branch which joins the sympathetic plexus on the middle meningeal artery. (co.ma)
  • The lingual artery from the external carotid artery in the neck goes inside the tongue deep in the direction of the hyoglossus, among the hyoglossus and genioglossus. (earthslab.com)
  • The lingual and hypoglossal nerves have been elevated. (stanford.edu)
  • The cause of neck-tongue syndrome is thought to be relationship of the C1-2 joint , aka AA joint, to the C2 nerve, the lingual or hypoglossal nerves. (newleafphysio.ca)
  • The tongue hypertrophies to rebulk itself in a period of 6 months, so even loss of lateral tongue and tip often produces no permanent deficit. (medscape.com)
  • Clinical appearance of a lateral tongue squamous cell carcinoma in an 80-year-old man with a previous history of smoking and regular alcoholic beverage consumption. (medscape.com)
  • An inferior alveolar nerve block, the most common dental nerve block, anesthetizes the ipsilateral hemi-mandible (including teeth and bone), as well as the lateral (buccal) mucosa over the lower incisors, canine, and first premolar, and, cutaneously, the ipsilateral lower lip and chin. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A buccal block (of the long buccal nerve) is often done as part of the inferior alveolar nerve block procedure, if anesthetization of the lateral (buccal) gingiva and mucosa of the lower molars and second premolar is needed. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The muscle travels superiorly as well as anteriorly via the oropharyngeal triangle in the middle of the superior constrictor, middle constrictor, along with mylohyoid in order to insert within the tongue lateral towards the genioglossus and medial towards the styloglossus. (earthslab.com)
  • Management of hemorrhage from a branch of the lingual or facial arteries may require an extraoral approach for ligation, because the mylohyoid, sublingual, and submental arteries can anastomose and be anatomically variable as well. (allenpress.com)
  • Chorda tympani is a branch of the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve) that serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue , runs through the middle ear , and carries taste messages to the brain. (wikidoc.org)
  • It soon combines with the larger lingual nerve , a branch of the mandibular nerve (cranial nerve V 3 ). (wikidoc.org)
  • 1. Anterior 2/3- Lingual nerve branch of mandibular division sensory- for general sensation (V3). (medicoapps.org)
  • In the jugular foramen the accessory portion of the nerve or internal ramus (after furnishing a small branch to the jugular ganglion of the vagus) applies itself to the ganglion nodosum, and in part joins the ganglion, in part the trunk of the nerve beyond the ganglion. (co.ma)
  • The lingual nerve (who is a branch of the trigeminal V3 nerve, but carries taste sensation back to the chorda tympani nerve to the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve) can also be damaged during otologic surgery giving place to a feeling of metal taste. (wikidoc.org)
  • The lingual nerve is a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. (providence.org)
  • Medial to the external pterygoid muscle it becomes incorporated with the lingual branch of the mandibular nerve, and in its further course is inseparable from that nerve. (co.ma)
  • 3) Before it leaves the canalis facialis a fine communicating branch arises from the facial nerve to join the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. (co.ma)
  • across the zygomatic bone, they supply the orbicularis oculi and zygomatic muscle, and communicate with the zygomatico-facial branch of the maxillary nerve. (co.ma)
  • The infra-orbital plexus is formed by the union of these nerves with the infra-orbital branch of the maxillary nerve below the lower eyelid. (co.ma)
  • This article discusses what procedures to perform to obtund bleeding from1 of these arteries and the technique of performing an emergency tracheotomy.INTRODUCTIONhree arteries that providethe major blood supply tothe mandible are importantfor dental implantology.These are the lingual, facial,and inferior alveolararteries. (allenpress.com)
  • This then joins the sublingual vein and passes with the hypoglossal nerve between hypoglossus and mylohyoid muscles to drain into the internal jugular, facial, or lingual vein. (ispub.com)
  • Disorders affecting the function of the hypoglossal nerve lead to imbalanced action of the genioglossus muscles, causing tongue deviation toward the weak side. (medicoapps.org)
  • In the neck the nerve arches downwards and forwards towards the hyoid bone, and then turns medially among the supra-hyoid muscles to the tongue. (co.ma)
  • and it then disappears between the mylo-hyoid and hyoglossus muscles to reach the tongue, in the muscular substance of which it terminates. (co.ma)
  • The muscles that hold the tongue in place while resting relax and the tongue falls out of the mouth. (truth4pets.org)
  • This abnormality may be caused by pinching or damage to the nerve endings that innervate the lingual muscles. (truth4pets.org)
  • The tongue can play a major role in obstructive sleep apnea because during sleep, when the muscles in the body relax, the tongue can fall back to block breathing in the throat. (sleep-doctor.com)
  • The deep lingual vein commences at the tip of the tongue passes along the ventral surface just beneath the mucosa. (ispub.com)
  • articaine showed a greater anesthetic effect in vestibular mucosa (88.9%) and tip of tongue (55.6%), compared with lidocaine. (bvsalud.org)
  • la articaína mostró mayor efecto anestésico en mucosa vestibular (88,9%) y punta de lengua (55,6%), en comparación con la lidocaína. (bvsalud.org)
  • It descends medial and anterior to the inferior alveolar nerve through the pterygomandibular space, runs by the lingual plate and lingual crest at the lower third molar closely, and supplies sensory fibers to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. (providence.org)
  • The lingual nerve lies nearby and is usually blocked incidentally, anesthetizing the ipsilateral floor of the mouth, medial (lingual) gingiva, and anterior two thirds of the tongue. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The palatoglossus is supplied by the cranial root of the ACCESSORY NERVE through the pharyngeal plexus. (medicoapps.org)
  • Jenny, The lingual nerve, which is the nerve that goes to your tongue, runs along the inside of your jaw close to your wisdom tooth. (mynewsmile.com)
  • Lingual nerve damage after the extraction of a wisdom tooth can be either because the nerve is severed by the incision of the dentist, or because it is compressed and traumatized either during the surgery or as a result of the swelling afterward. (mynewsmile.com)
  • These nerves may be injured during surgical procedures such as wisdom tooth removal or corrective jaw surgery. (sheffield.ac.uk)
  • The case I worked on at the ATLA Damages seminar was a dental malpractice case where an oral surgeon severed my client's lingual nerve while extracting a lower wisdom tooth, leaving half of his tongue permanently numb. (trialguides.com)
  • Dental Nerve Injury - Severed Lingual Nerve during lower wisdom tooth extraction-Permanent neuropathic pain, numbness and loss of taste-Jury Verdict $2,300,035.00 - Hudson County New Jersey (Highest known jury verdict at the time in the United States for this type of case). (richandrich.com)
  • So if a wisdom tooth is very deep and lying horizontal, there is a very increased risk of the dentist causing nerve damage during it's extraction. (drmuzzafarzaman.co.uk)
  • It is also not uncommon that during a wisdom tooth extraction the nerve is bruised but not actually severed. (drmuzzafarzaman.co.uk)
  • Because the removal of wisdom teeth often requires surgery, oral surgeons must navigate the complex system of nerves in the jaw. (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • Unfortunately, this leads wisdom tooth removal to be one of the most common reasons for lingual nerve damage, with up to 2% of wisdom tooth surgeries resulting in long-term or permanent damage. (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • While less common than damage due to wisdom tooth removal, anesthetic injections can also injure the nerves of the lower jaw. (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • Therefore, injury of this nerve is occasionally induced by wisdom tooth extraction and could lead to paralysis of the tongue. (providence.org)
  • There the two portions unite into a single trunk, which leaves the cranial cavity through the jugular foramen in the same compartment of dura mater as the vagus nerve (Fig. 647, p. 771). (co.ma)
  • The deep part extends forwards for a variable distance between the mylohyoid and hyoglosus, below the lingual nerve and above the hypoglossal nerve. (oganatomy.org)
  • Nerve to mylohyoid branched from the lingual nerve: previously undescr" by Joe Iwanaga, Shogo Kikuta et al. (providence.org)
  • Nerve to mylohyoid branched from the lingual nerve: previously undescribed case. (providence.org)
  • The inferior alveolar nerve gives rise to the nerve to mylohyoid just before entering the mandibular foramen, which supplies the mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric muscle. (providence.org)
  • We present an extremely rare anatomical variation where the nerve to mylohyoid arose from the lingual nerve near the submandibular duct during routine oral dissection. (providence.org)
  • and Tubbs, R Shane, "Nerve to mylohyoid branched from the lingual nerve: previously undescribed case. (providence.org)
  • Neck-tongue syndrome (NTS), which was first recorded in 1980, is a rare disorder characterized by neck pain with or without tingling and numbness of the tongue on the same side as the neck pain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Subsequently, numbness of the tongue is due to either subluxation of the atlantoaxial joint or restriction of the second cervical nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • The numbness of the tongue ± loss of taste can last from weeks to months though it does have a low incidence. (hegabacademy.com)
  • Supranuclear disease affecting the nerve results in paralysis of the tongue contralateral to the side of the lesion. (medicoapps.org)
  • Dear Doctor Hall, I had a root canal treatment which I was given anesthetic that caused me lingual nerve damage 2 months ago , my nerve is healing but now I am suffering from dry mouth feeling especially my tongue with no other symptoms at all , I did test for diabetes and thyroid and all came out normal, so please can you tell what is happening? (mynewsmile.com)
  • My name is Mary too and I am suffering exactly like you, my tongue is healing after nerve damage during root canal treatment but I have dry mouth especially my tongue and no one is understanding what is going on. (mynewsmile.com)
  • Damage to the trigeminal nerve can be distressing and in some cases extremely painful. (sheffield.ac.uk)
  • The patient did not suffer paraesthesia or any permanent motor or sensory damage of the tongue. (ispub.com)
  • However, a literature review of complication following the use of LMA's found reports of damage not only to recurrent laryngeal nerve but also to other adjacent nerves namely the hypoglossal and lingual nerve 3 . (ispub.com)
  • The symptoms can vary and change depending on which nerve is injured, and the amount of damage to that nerve. (newyorkdentalmalpractice.com)
  • If you have suffered dental nerve damage due to negligence, you may well be entitled to substantial compensation. (dentalandpodiatricmalpractice.com)
  • Nerve damage during dental procedures is not as rare an occurrence as one might hope, and can negatively impact patients for the rest of their lives. (dentalandpodiatricmalpractice.com)
  • While some types of minor nerve damage may heal within weeks or months, others result in permanent damage. (dentalandpodiatricmalpractice.com)
  • Because dental nerve damage causes the sensation of an electrical shock, as well as numbness and pain, such nerve damage requires immediate treatment. (dentalandpodiatricmalpractice.com)
  • Though in most cases these symptoms will gradually subside, if they do not, you may well be a victim of nerve damage caused by a negligent dentist. (dentalandpodiatricmalpractice.com)
  • If you believe this may be true, get in touch with Lance Ehrenberg promptly to find out whether you are entitled to compensation for medical costs, lost income, pain and suffering, and other costs related to your nerve damage. (dentalandpodiatricmalpractice.com)
  • Can You Sue a Dentist for Nerve Damage? (richandrich.com)
  • Damage to the tongue and lower jaw or teeth is often temporary, but damage lasting longer than six months is usually permanent. (richandrich.com)
  • Damage to the lingual nerve causes a disturbance to the sensations in the tongue so that taste may be altered or damaged temporarily or permanently. (drmuzzafarzaman.co.uk)
  • If there is damage to the inferior alveolar nerve, this will cause temporary or permanent altered sensation to the lower lip and the skin on that side of the face right up to the ear. (drmuzzafarzaman.co.uk)
  • Depending on the amount of damage, it is rare that the nerve recovers because nerve cells do not regenerate. (drmuzzafarzaman.co.uk)
  • Tissue damage to the nerves that support the tongue can cause ageusia, especially damage to the lingual nerve and the glossopharyngeal nerve. (wikidoc.org)
  • Neurological disorders such as Bell's Palsy , Familial Dysautonomia , and Multiple Sclerosis will cause similar problems to nerve damage, as will certain infectious conditions like primary amoeboid meningoencephalopathy . (wikidoc.org)
  • How can a visit to the dentist lead to lingual nerve damage? (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • In some cases, this could be a sign that your dental visit did serious damage to the nerves in your jaw. (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • What commonly causes lingual nerve damage? (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • The needles used for anesthesia can, in some cases, do damage to the nerves and cause bleeding, scarring or inflammation . (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • How can lingual nerve damage impact your life? (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • Nerve damage can limit patients' sense of taste or make it difficult for them to eat or speak. (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • If you experienced lingual nerve damage, you may want to consider your legal options. (ctdentalmalpractice.com)
  • In the early to mid-twentieth century, a number of laboratories began to observe cold-induced electrical impulses when recording from mammalian sensory nerves. (nih.gov)
  • The chorda tympani is a nerve that branches from the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) inside the facial canal , just before the facial nerve exits the skull via the stylomastoid foramen . (wikidoc.org)
  • The course and connections of the facial nerve in the temporal bone. (wikidoc.org)
  • In the course of the facial nerve in the lower part of the canalis facialis, behind the tympanum, three branches arise-(1) N. Stapedius. (co.ma)
  • In the parotid gland the facial nerve spreads out in an irregular series of branches (plexus parotideus), indefinitely divided into a temporo-facial and a cervicofacial division. (co.ma)
  • The cervico-facial division of the facial nerve supplies three series of secondary branches. (co.ma)
  • The function of the trigeminal nerve is to provide sensation and motor functions to the mouth and face. (sheffield.ac.uk)
  • Reactivation of herpes zoster involving the trigeminal nerve may mimic odontogenic pain during the prodromal stage of the disease. (drjack.world)
  • My most significant settlements and awards have involved cases involving injuries to the Trigeminal nerve. (frankjriccio.com)
  • The temporal branches communicate in their course with the auriculo-temporal, zygomaticotemporal, lacrimal, and supra-orbital branches of the trigeminal nerve. (co.ma)
  • In another case, laryngeal nerve injury caused by LMA has been reported 2 . (ispub.com)
  • Unilateral injury to the nerve marked by a red arrow in the picture below leads to all, EXCEPT? (medicoapps.org)
  • Any alteration to feeling, sensation, taste or function in your mouth in the weeks and months following a dental procedure can be the result of a dental nerve injury . (richandrich.com)
  • Lingual nerve - Trauma to the lingual nerve , which runs across the tongue, is a common dental nerve injury. (richandrich.com)
  • For root canals, implants, and extractions involving lower molars, injury may occur to these nerves. (richandrich.com)
  • Deviation of the tongue will occur away from the side of the lesion. (medicoapps.org)
  • Communications occur in the substance of the gland between the main trunks and the great auricular and auriculo-temporal nerves. (co.ma)
  • Smaller communications occur with the infra-trochlear and nasal nerves on the side of the nose. (co.ma)
  • It originates from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerves and may occur at any site where there are nerves with Schwann cells 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Uncomplicated neck-tongue syndrome seems to start idiopathically or associated with some sort of trauma. (newleafphysio.ca)
  • The chorda tympani is part of one of three cranial nerves that are involved in taste. (wikidoc.org)
  • The courses of the inferior alveolar, facial, and lingual arteries and their branches are reviewed. (allenpress.com)
  • The inferior alveolar nerve runs alongside the outside of the mouth. (dentalandpodiatricmalpractice.com)
  • Inferior alveolar nerve - The inferior alveolar nerve runs in a bony canal below the bottom teeth and controls sensation in the lower teeth, gums, chin, and lower lip. (richandrich.com)
  • The two nerves that can be affected are the lingual nerve and the inferior alveolar nerve. (drmuzzafarzaman.co.uk)
  • the inferior alveolar dental nerve block is the method most commonly used by endodontists to achieve local anesthesia during treatments. (bvsalud.org)
  • Examination of the resected nerve fibers showed loss of both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers, this is a possible explanation for the symptoms associated with NTS, however, further study is needed for a definitive answer. (wikipedia.org)
  • These peripheral cold receptors, both Aδ- and C-fibers, have thermal thresholds (i.e., the temperature at which nerve impulses are generated) for cold activation between 30-20°C, temperatures considered to be innocuously cool [ 4 , 6 ]. (nih.gov)
  • The chorda tympani appears to exert a particularly strong inhibitory influence on other taste nerves, as well as on pain fibers in the tongue. (wikidoc.org)
  • Special sensory fibers providing taste sensation from the anterior two-third of the tongue . (wikidoc.org)
  • Special sensory (taste) fibers also extend from the chorda tympani to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue via the lingual nerve. (wikidoc.org)
  • Depending which part of the C2 nerve, can cause numbness from the proprioceptive (body awareness, basically) nerve fibers from the lingual nerve to the hypoglossal nerve. (newleafphysio.ca)
  • We present a case report of a patient who developed cyanosis of the tongue during anesthesia using the laryngeal mask airway. (ispub.com)
  • Mary - Your lingual nerve would have been scratched by the needle that was used for your local anesthetic injection. (mynewsmile.com)
  • A nerve block may be preferred to local anesthetic infiltration when accurate approximation of wound edges is important (eg, skin or lip repair), because a nerve block does not distort the tissue as does local infiltration. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Because of their location, routine detection of tongue malignancies is possible early in their presentation, but because, early on, they can mimic the common presentation of benign oral cavity pathology, delay in diagnosis is all too frequent. (medscape.com)
  • Neurilemmomas arising from Schwann cells, rarely found in oral cavity, are characterized by solitary occurrence, slow growth and smooth surface with variable clinical aspects, depending on the nerve origin. (bvsalud.org)
  • When the neurilemmoma appears in the oral cavity, this lesion is most frequently found in the tongue 5 , particularly in individuals in the second through to the fourth decades of life 6-7 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The chorda tympani nerve (probably associated with the nervus intermedius), which enters the tympanic cavity through the tympanic aperture of the canaliculus chorda, passes over the membrana tympani and the handle of the malleus, and leaves the cavity through the medial end of the petro-tympanic fissure to reach the infra-temporal fossa. (co.ma)
  • The chorda tympani nerve receives, under cover of the external pterygoid muscle, a fine communication from the otic ganglion. (co.ma)
  • Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion. (wikidoc.org)
  • It supplies a root to the submaxillary ganglion, and is finally distributed to the side and dorsum of the tongue in its anterior two-thirds. (co.ma)
  • The small nerve to the stapedius muscle, which passes forwards to the tympanum. (co.ma)
  • Hypoglossal nerve traverses the lower portion of muscle from behind forwards. (earthslab.com)
  • Lingual nerve goes across the upper portion of muscle from behind forwards. (earthslab.com)
  • One case report of a 54 year old woman with persistent symptoms, who did not respond to use of a cervical collar or pharmacological pain management treatments, underwent a bilateral C2 spinal nerve resection. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3) beneath the trapezius, with the branches for the muscle derived from the third and fourth cervical nerves. (co.ma)
  • An oral nerve block is a simple and effective way to manage orofacial pain without distorting the anatomy of a wound and without the use of narcotics. (medscape.com)
  • Tongue anatomy in cross-section. (medscape.com)
  • For more information about the relevant anatomy, see Tongue Anatomy . (medscape.com)
  • However, radiation therapy has the advantage of preserving normal anatomy and tongue function. (medscape.com)
  • Before discussing this case it is mandatory to know the anatomy of the blood supply of the tongue. (ispub.com)
  • Radiation therapy may be used as a single-modality treatment for small or superficial tongue lesions. (medscape.com)
  • By their union the lesser superficial petrosal nerve is formed, which pierces the temporal bone and ends in the otic ganglion. (co.ma)
  • The ideal surgical approach to oral tongue tumors depends on the tumor size and the involvement of adjacent structures. (medscape.com)
  • A case of tongue swelling and cyanosis associated with use of LMA was described in another case report in which they noted this problem towards the end of the surgical procedure 1 . (ispub.com)
  • The venous drainage of the tongue is via two main routes - dorsal lingual and deep lingual vein. (ispub.com)
  • When disease affects the hypoglossal nerve at the nuclear or infranuclear level, the clinical signs and symptoms are ipsilateral. (medicoapps.org)
  • Neck-tongue syndrome is when someone rotates their head to one side, usually associated with neck pain, and the ipsilateral (same) side of the tongue becomes numb. (newleafphysio.ca)
  • This article highlights the indications, equipment, contraindications, complications, and approach to performing the more commonly used oral nerve blocks. (medscape.com)
  • Lingual nerve are most commonly caused by the following treatments. (newyorkdentalmalpractice.com)
  • A tongue laceration is often the result of a fall, seizure, psychogenic nonepileptic seizure, or other blunt or penetrating force mechanism. (medscape.com)
  • The goals of laceration repair of the tongue are to attain adequate closure, stop bleeding, minimize complications, preserve mobility, and optimize articulation and deglutition. (medscape.com)
  • A case report has demostrated the efficacy of using 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (Dermabond) for a pediatric tongue laceration. (medscape.com)
  • The major difficulty in closing a tongue laceration is maintaining control of the area being sutured. (medscape.com)
  • Cyanosis was thought to be due to compression and occlusion of both lingual vessels. (ispub.com)
  • One goes to each side of your tongue. (mynewsmile.com)
  • B. Deviation of tongue towards the same side. (medicoapps.org)
  • There is dcviation of the tongue toward the side of the lesion, with associated atrophy of the intrinsic and extrinsic tongue musculature and fasciculation of the tongue. (medicoapps.org)
  • The Lingual Nerve may be damaged during the procedure resulting in numbness (the "numbness" can range from "blunted sensation" to a burning sensation) affecting the tongue ± loss of taste to that side of the tongue. (hegabacademy.com)
  • For example, if I turned my head to the left, I would get a pain in the left side of the my neck and the left side of my tongue would go numb or the sensation of my tongue would change. (newleafphysio.ca)
  • For a couple of weeks though I've had what I thought were problems with my lingual nerve - a burning tongue (only on the left side) and small irritable tongue bumps. (simplynorma.com)
  • The twelfth or hypoglossal nerve arises by numerous fila radicularia from the front of the medulla oblongata between the pyramid and the olive (Fig. 643, p. 768) (for the deep origin, see p. 594). (co.ma)