AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
Toll-Like Receptor 4Toll-Like ReceptorsToll-Like Receptor 6Toll-Like Receptor 9Toll-Like Receptor 2Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88CytokinesImmunity, InnateSignal TransductionLipopolysaccharidesReceptors, Dopamine D1Receptors, Dopamine D2Dopamine AgonistsDopamine AntagonistsQuinpiroleBenzazepines2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepineMethiothepinSumatriptanFenoldopamReceptors, Dopamine D5Receptors, Dopamine D3DopamineNF-kappa BDomperidoneSalicylamidesReceptors, SerotoninMetergolineSulpirideKetanserinReceptors, DopamineSpiperoneReceptors, Dopamine D4RemoxiprideApomorphineSerotonin AntagonistsBenperidolArteriovenous AnastomosisReceptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2Serotonin Receptor AgonistsDopamine AgentsRacloprideDrosophila ProteinsBromocriptineDose-Response Relationship, DrugReceptors, Interleukin-1Nod Signaling Adaptor ProteinsTropanesHaloperidolSerotoninCorpus StriatumPiribedilRats, Sprague-DawleyMolecular Sequence DataNeostriatumErgotamineReceptors, Cell SurfaceBehavior, AnimalDrosophilaNucleus AccumbensInsect ProteinsMethysergideCocaineRenal Plasma FlowReceptors, Pattern RecognitionKidney Tubules, ProximalAmino Acid SequenceSerotonin 5-HT2 Receptor AgonistsTetrahydronaphthalenesCells, CulturedSulfonamidesIndolesBeauveriaClozapineRadioligand AssayInsect HormonesCell LineMotor ActivityDopamine Uptake InhibitorsMembrane GlycoproteinsTegmentum MesencephaliTenebrioOpossumsMice, Inbred C57BL8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralinMice, KnockoutSynaptic TransmissionReceptors, ImmunologicSensory GatingReceptors, Purinergic P2Rats, WistarAdaptor Proteins, Vesicular TransportDEAD-box RNA HelicasesDrosophila melanogasterCyclic AMPBenzamidesSequence Homology, Amino AcidNod1 Signaling Adaptor ProteinPhenanthridinesDrug Interactions
TLR7AgonistTLRsSingle-strandedTlr3GeneStimulationPolymorphismsSystemic Lupus ErythemGenomicImmunologyImmunityIntracellularInduceProteinSignaling pathwayTLR8InterferonAbstractCell surfaceImmunolCytosolicInnate immune r2022Immune responseTLR9SevereAgonistsGenotypeMutationsPathogenInhibitoryBacteriaCytokineActivatesMicrobialInflammatoryResponsesMicrobesClinicalDiseasesExpressionSpecificityMouseCells
TLR710
  • Toll-like receptor 7, also known as TLR7, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR7 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although not yet fully elucidated, using an unbiased genome-scale screen with short hairpin RNA (shRNA), it has been demonstrated that the receptor TREML4 acts as an essential positive regulator of TLR7 signaling. (wikipedia.org)
  • Identification and characterization of a functional, alternatively spliced Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and genomic disruption of TLR8 in chickens. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Based upon the recognition of antiviral compounds and single stranded viral RNA the Toll-like receptors TLR7 and TLR8 are suggested to play a significant role in initiating antiviral immune responses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These effects were strictly dependent on a functional Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), a sensor of single-stranded RNA located in the endosome of these cells. (nature.com)
  • These are directly related to the body recognizing mRNA therapeutics through the immune sensor Toll-like Receptor 7 (TLR7). (businesswire.com)
  • The TLRs comprise cell-surface (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6) and endosomal (TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9 and TLR13) receptors, each of which responds to cognate DAMPs and PAMPs of self, pathogenic or tumoral origin. (invivogen.com)
  • We have shown that chronic liver injury involves the activation of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR9. (sbir.gov)
  • Mutations in toll-like receptor 7 ( TLR7 ), which are responsible for X-linked recessive toll-like receptor 7 deficiency (XR TLR7 deficiency), were also associated with severe COVID-19 . (cdc.gov)
  • The higher risk of SLE in women and men with Klinefelter syndrome may be associated with enhanced expression of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), a key pathogenic factor in SLE that is encoded on an X chromosome locus. (medscape.com)
Agonist2
  • The mechanisms of action of the Toll Like Receptor 8 pipeline market are Toll Like Receptor 8 Agonist and Toll Like Receptor 8 Antagonist. (globaldata.com)
  • Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist R848 alters the immune tumor microenvironment and enhances SBRT-induced antitumor efficacy in murine models of pancreatic cancer. (rochester.edu)
TLRs8
  • Since the induction of IL-12 during type II infection was Myd88-dependent, the involvement of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immunity against these strains was suggested. (springer.com)
  • Immune cells in our bodies use toll-like receptors (TLRs) to recognize bits and pieces of invading pathogens. (acs.org)
  • As products of cholesterol oxidation (oxysterols) accumulate within atherosclerotic plaque and have been proposed to contribute to inflammatory signalling in the diseased artery, we investigated the potential of 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC), 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-HC) and 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) to stimulate inflammatory signalling via the lipid-recognising TLRs 1, 2, 4 and 6. (aston.ac.uk)
  • Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the mammalian ortholog of Drosophila melanogaster protein Toll, originally identified for its involvement in embryonic development. (acbjournal.org)
  • TLRs make up a family of pattern recognition receptors that play important roles in the innate immune response. (rndsystems.com)
  • Structurally, TLRs are type I transmembrane receptors that possess varying numbers of extracellular N-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motifs, followed by a cysteine-rich region, a TM domain, and an intracellular Toll/IL-1 R (TIR) motif. (rndsystems.com)
  • In fact, autophagy regulates, and is regulated by, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), Nod-like receptors (NLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), cytosolic DNA sensors (CDS) and Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) as well as inflammasomes . (invivogen.com)
  • These detection mechanisms typically involve pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), and Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) like receptors (ALRs), to name a few [2]. (immunochemistry.com)
Single-stranded1
  • It is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family and detects single stranded RNA. (wikipedia.org)
Tlr33
  • Orthologous to human TLR3 (toll like receptor 3). (nih.gov)
  • Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) potentiates immune responses against viral pathogens that induce toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) activation but evokes severe major depressive disorder in humans by mechanisms that remain insufficiently described. (uni-koeln.de)
  • The type I IFN signaling pathway includes toll-like receptor 3 ( TLR3 ) and interferon regulator factor 7 ( IRF7 ). (cdc.gov)
Gene4
  • TLR1-GFP fusion gene was generated by fusing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene to the C terminus of human Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) gene. (invivogen.com)
  • Toll-like receptor 8 is a protein encoded by the TLR8 gene. (globaldata.com)
  • A missense mutation of the Toll-like receptor 3 gene in a patient with influenza-associated encephalopathy. (lu.se)
  • Sepsis is defined as a host's response to been a candidate gene for investigation into blood culture bottles (Egyptian infection resulting from an imbalance in inflammatory disease, and studies Diagnostic Media) then incubated at between systemic pro-inflammatory focusing on elucidation of MIF gene 37 °C for 7-14 days. (who.int)
Stimulation3
  • However, in 82As2 cells, LIF production was significantly increased by stimulation with TLR5, which was suppressed by an inhibitor of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1/4, which are important factors in the TLR5 signaling pathway. (oncotarget.com)
  • Here, decreasing stimulation via the B-cell receptor by aging T-lymphocytes makes a difference. (medscape.com)
  • Persistent Toll-like receptor 7 stimulation induces behavioral and molecular innate immune tolerance. (harvard.edu)
Polymorphisms4
  • Do the placental barrier, parasite genotype and Toll-like receptor polymorphisms contribute to the course of primary infection with various Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in pregnant women? (springer.com)
  • Human polymorphisms of Toll-like receptor genes have been discovered and are associated with hyporesponsiveness to bacterial components. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Publications regarding the associations of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) G2258A and T597C polymorphisms with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) susceptibility are inconsistent. (cdc.gov)
  • Toll-like receptor polymorphisms are associated with increased neurosyphilis risk. (cdc.gov)
Systemic Lupus Erythem2
  • Our group has investigated the involvement of gut microbiota in hypertension in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus induced by Toll-like receptor (TLR)-7 activation. (ugr.es)
  • Because a major function of Toll-like receptor 7 is to induce type I interferons (IFNs), our goal was to determine whether IFNalpha can induce or accelerate the manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in female (NZW x BXSB)F(1) mice. (nih.gov)
Genomic1
  • The duck toll like receptor 7: genomic organization, expression and function. (ox.ac.uk)
Immunology1
  • Human immunology 2015 Jul 76 (7): 469-72. (cdc.gov)
Immunity1
Intracellular2
  • Recently, intracellular microbial sensors have also been identified, including NOD-like receptors and the helicase-domain-containing antiviral proteins RIG-I and MDA5. (nature.com)
  • In fact, these peptides produced by keratinocytes were found to form complexes with extracellular self-nucleic acids, allowing transport into intracellular compartments of pDC where they efficiently activate nucleic acid-sensing Toll-like receptors ( Lande et al . (chuv.ch)
Induce1
  • Toll-like receptors are a family of receptors that recognize components of bacteria and induce a proinflammatory response by cells, including macrophages and endothelial cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Protein5
  • The levels of presynaptic protein vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT)-1 and postsynaptic protein postsynaptic density-95 (PSD95) were specifically decreased, whereas the expression of both synaptic and extrasynaptic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor 1 (AMPAR1) was increased by IFN-alpha and poly(I:C) delivery. (uni-koeln.de)
  • The molecule types in the Toll Like Receptor 8 pipeline market are small molecule, monoclonal antibody conjugated, fusion protein, monoclonal antibody, mRNA vaccine, subunit vaccine, and synthetic peptide. (globaldata.com)
  • We demonstrate here that ILT7 protein associates with the signal adapter protein Fc ε RIγ to form a receptor complex. (rupress.org)
  • Some Toll-like receptors require the cooperation of an adapter protein. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Toll-like receptor 4 function requires the presence of the protein MD2. (ox.ac.uk)
Signaling pathway1
  • Leukemia inhibitory factor via the Toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway involves aggravation of cachexia induced by human gastric cancer-derived 85As2. (oncotarget.com)
TLR87
  • The Toll Like Receptor 8 (CD288 or TLR8) Development market research report provides an in-depth analysis of Toll Like Receptor 8 (CD288 or TLR8) targeted pipeline therapeutics. (globaldata.com)
  • The report provides comprehensive information on the Toll Like Receptor 8 (CD288 or TLR8) targeted therapeutics, complete with analysis by indications, stage of development, mechanism of action (MoA), route of administration (RoA) and molecule type. (globaldata.com)
  • Additionally, the report provides an overview of key players involved in Toll Like Receptor 8 (CD288 or TLR8) targeted therapeutics development with respective active and dormant or discontinued projects. (globaldata.com)
  • A snapshot of the global therapeutic landscape of Toll Like Receptor 8 (CD288 or TLR8). (globaldata.com)
  • Reviews of key players involved in Toll Like Receptor 8 (CD288 or TLR8) therapeutics and enlists all their major and minor projects. (globaldata.com)
  • Assessment of Toll Like Receptor 8 (CD288 or TLR8) targeted therapeutics based on drug target, mechanism of action (MoA), route of administration (RoA), and molecule type. (globaldata.com)
  • Reviews of the latest news and deals related to pipeline therapeutics for Toll Like Receptor 8 (CD288 or TLR8). (globaldata.com)
Interferon1
  • A genome-wide study in a northern European population replicated the association of SLE with susceptibility genes related to B-cell receptor pathway signaling, as well as confirmed the association of SLE with genes at the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5)-TNPO3 locus. (medscape.com)
Abstract1
  • Science 2007(5844): 1522-7 [ PubMed abstract ]. (lu.se)
Cell surface1
  • Immunoglobulin-like transcripts are a family of inhibitory and stimulatory cell surface immune receptors. (rupress.org)
Immunol1
Cytosolic1
  • The cytosolic pathogen recognition receptors capable of forming inflammasome complexes include NLRs, ALRs, and the tripartite motif (TRIM) family member Pyrin [3, 11]. (immunochemistry.com)
Innate immune r1
20221
Immune response2
  • 2002). Cutting edge: role of Toll-like receptor 1 in mediating immune response to microbial lipoproteins. (invivogen.com)
  • Factors considered in determining the Toll-like receptor 9 to stimulate a directed immune response recommendation included benefits and harms and evidence to HBsAg ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
TLR91
  • Although still early in clinical development, agonists of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) have demonstrated potential for the treatment of cancer. (nih.gov)
Severe2
  • T. gondii type II strains, identified predominantly in the populations of some European countries and the United States, were reported to generate congenital toxoplasmosis, including lethal infection, severe neuro-ocular involvement, isolated chorioretinitis, and/or latent toxoplasmosis [ 7 ]. (springer.com)
  • Toll-like diseases and causes severe and long-lasting health problems in the case of chronifi- receptor. (cdc.gov)
Agonists1
  • Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are considered adjuvants in clinical trials of cancer immunotherapy. (aacrjournals.org)
Genotype2
  • In contrast, genotype II causes non-fatal infection with much less tachyzoite dissemination [ 7 ]. (springer.com)
  • A set of mice from each sex/genotype combination was euthanized 1, 7, 14, or 28 d post-exposure. (cdc.gov)
Mutations1
  • 7] Some patients with AR HIES have mutations in DOCK8. (medscape.com)
Pathogen3
  • Unfortunately, these receptors can get overactive and trigger inflammation when a pathogen isn't present. (acs.org)
  • Scientists generally believed that the receptors start out as monomers and dimerize only after they bind a pathogen molecule. (acs.org)
  • Indeed, Toll-like receptors are a class of membrane receptors that sense extracellular microbes and trigger anti-pathogen signalling cascades. (nature.com)
Inhibitory1
  • Moreover, treatment with imiquimod downregulated MHC class I molecules on tumor cells possibly resulting in a reduced binding affinity for inhibitory receptor NKG2A expressed on γδ T cells. (aacrjournals.org)
Bacteria1
  • Mortality rates related to we aimed to evaluate the association biochemical reactions for either Gram- sepsis and its complications are high: of plasma level of MIF and -173 G/C positive or -negative bacteria ( 7 ). (who.int)
Cytokine1
  • As Dörner emphasized, these cells are not under the command of the B-cell receptor and are independent of the cytokine BAFF (B-cell activating factor). (medscape.com)
Activates1
  • Camphor activates and strongly desensitizes the transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 channel in a vanilloid-independent mechanism. (harvard.edu)
Microbial1
  • Ten human Toll receptors differing in their specificity for microbial components have been cloned. (ox.ac.uk)
Inflammatory1
  • Recent studies have shown that Toll-like receptor (TLR)- signalling contributes significantly to the inflammatory events of atherosclerosis. (aston.ac.uk)
Responses2
  • Local and systemic immune responses following aspiration of nickel oxide nanoparticle s in a humanized Toll-like receptor-4 mouse model. (cdc.gov)
  • In males, lymph node cellularity increases were evident by 7 d, though responses were not as pronounced as those observed in females. (cdc.gov)
Microbes1
  • Phagocytosis is a term coined from the Greek to describe the receptor-mediated engulfment and degradation of dead cells and microbes. (frontiersin.org)
Clinical1
  • Patients with receptor defects of IFN-γ or IL-12 have disseminated atypical mycobacterial infections with incomplete granuloma formation and do not exhibit clinical features of HIES. (medscape.com)
Diseases1
  • Sexually transmitted diseases 2014 Jul 41 (7): 440-6. (cdc.gov)
Expression1
  • We discuss the importance of the receptors expression, function and modulation in this disease. (scielo.cl)
Specificity1
  • Recently, it has been shown that Toll-like receptors function cooperatively to increase the specificity of response to a given microbe. (ox.ac.uk)
Mouse1
  • Early activation of Toll-like receptor-3 reduces the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease in APP/PS1 mouse. (nih.gov)
Cells1
  • 85As2 cells displayed more genetic changes compared to MKN45cl85 cells, which were related to Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4/5 signaling. (oncotarget.com)