• The research team at the Kennedy Institute used an in vivo technique called pulsed SILAC labelling in healthy mice to show changes in the synthesis of proteins of the matrisome over three stages of life: during maximum skeletal growth, and at young, and older adulthood. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In response to the recent realization of the importance of quantitation in proteomics, mass spectrometric techniques based on stable isotope quantitation, such as stable isotope labeling in cell culture (SILAC), were developed. (zeemly.com)
  • Given that the expression of genes and gene products can differ between tissues and that this expression can be influenced by a variety of physiological signals, both stimulatory and inhibitory, SILAC can be a useful tool for monitoring protein synthesis, turnover, and degradation under various physiological and experimental circumstances. (zeemly.com)
  • However, the biochemical properties of 211 At and 211 At-labeled compounds have not been clarified owing to the absence of stable astatine isotopes. (springeropen.com)
  • Their tiny size, rapid growth by clonal propagation, and facile uptake of labeled compounds from the media were attractive features that made them a well-known model for plant biology from 1950 to 1990. (osti.gov)
  • Because PET incorporates positron-emitting radionuclides into metabolically active compounds, it can provide information about tissue function. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Optimized stabilization protocols are used in combination with qMSI methodology for the absolute quantitation of lactate and glutamate in tumors, incorporating the use of two different stable-isotope-labeled versions of each analyte and spectral-clustering performed on each tissue section using k-means clustering to allow region-specific, pixel-by-pixel quantitation. (scilifelab.se)
  • We conclude that using optimized qMSI protocols, it is possible to quantify endogenous metabolites within tumors, and region-specific quantitation can provide valuable insight into tissue heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment. (scilifelab.se)
  • Here we presented a strategy by integration of the stable isotope dimethyl labeling with variation-associated database search to globally quantify the SAAVs at the first time. (nih.gov)
  • By using our newly developed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantification method, we were able to measure the absolute amount of MRP2/Mrp2 in liver tissues and isolated hepatocytes across species. (aspetjournals.org)
  • However, highly sensitive, precise and high-throughput methods for quantification of these phytohormones in small samples of plant tissues are still missing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Quantitative proteomic methods fall into two general categories: label-based or label-free quantification. (openaccesspub.org)
  • 2021) coupled to isotope-ratio mass spectrometers.Empty cells = not determined. (openaire.eu)
  • Metabolite labeling is simulated for the metabolic network based on the initial guesses, which is then compared to the measured enrichment patterns. (unl.edu)
  • Metabolic labelling with stable isotopes in combination with quantitative proteomics were used to estimate the rates of incorporation of new proteins into cartilage, bone and skin. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These MS-based quantitative approaches using label-free, tags, or stable isotope labeling have their own strengths and limitations. (openaccesspub.org)
  • She has also implemented new proteomics techniques to perform quantitative analysis on complex biological samples such as tissues from transgenic disease models and human tissues for biomarker discovery. (openaccesspub.org)
  • Chemical isotope labelling LC-MS analysis methods have been developed for most other phytohormones, enhancing their LC separations and quantitative sensitivity. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • We evaluate and report on preanalysis-stabilization methods aimed at improving the reproducibility and efficiency of quantitative assessments of endogenous molecules in tissues. (scilifelab.se)
  • As a new quantitative method, heavy water-labeled single-cell Raman microspectroscopy can reduce damage to cells and human interference factors. (medsci.org)
  • Histological, RT-qPCR, western blot analyses and steroid hormone measurements were performed on in vitro cultured mouse prepubertal testicular tissues and age-matched in vivo controls. (elifesciences.org)
  • Several fertility restoration approaches, whose aim is to mature cryopreserved tissues in vivo or in vitro in order to produce spermatozoa, are being developed. (elifesciences.org)
  • Samples are collected, typically cells and media from an in vitro system or plasma and tissues from an in vivo system. (unl.edu)
  • Unlike the case with drugs, the initial amount of tissue or tissue protein is not zero because daily synthesis offsets daily elimination. (wikipedia.org)
  • Freshly isolated hepatocytes conserved MRP2/Mrp2 protein levels that are comparable with those in the liver tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
  • A multitracer stable isotope study of lysine kinetics was carried out in fasted adult female volunteers to determine whether a multicompartmental model that partitions protein synthesis and breakdown into at least two types of tissue components can be constructed from plasma and breath data. (jci.org)
  • The measurements indicated that it will be possible to detect changes in amino acid pool sizes and protein synthesis and breakdown associated with the mobilization of protein stores from plasma and breath measurements in multitracer stable isotope experiments. (jci.org)
  • It enables scientists for the first time to detect and compare the whole protein inventory of cells simultaneously - prerequisite is, that the proteins are first labelled with stable isotopes and then detected by mass spectrometry (MS). As a result of the MS analysis of the proteins present in cells or tissues, researchers often get several hundred thousands of peaks which then have to be attributed to certain proteins. (mpg.de)
  • Using the cutting-edge mass spectrometry-based proteomic techniques, she has been focused on elucidating mechanisms of tissue-specific breast cancer metastasis and identifying protein targets to eradicate the growth of distal breast cancer metastasis. (openaccesspub.org)
  • Protein studies have previously indicated levels of protein in a tissue at any given time, but are unable to provide information on how much is being newly synthesised and incorporated into the tissue. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A new study, published in ELife , uses a new methodology that gives researchers the ability to examine protein synthesis in situ, providing details of activity in the tissues under normal physiological conditions at different ages. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The study found that comparing young adult with older adult mice, new protein incorporation was reduced in all tissues and this was particularly marked in cartilage and bone. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Tonia Vincent, Professor of Musculoskeletal Biology said: "Although new protein incorporation changes significantly in all tissues after skeletal maturity, it displays distinct temporal and molecular tissue signatures. (ox.ac.uk)
  • After labelling, equal amounts of protein extracts were mixed using a label-swap replication strategy and treated with dithiothreitol (DTT) to reduce reversibly oxidised thiols, which were subsequently blocked with n-ethylmaleimide (NEM). (filekav.com)
  • Whereas changes in the levels of reduced cysteine between samples undergoing a short-term treatment can be compared immediately (Fig. 1a ), different cell lines or tissues derived from different mice have distinct proteomes and require normalisation for protein levels. (filekav.com)
  • The protein complement expressed by an organism's genome, or in the case of multicellular organisms, the protein complement produced by tissue or differentiated cells, has been characterized as the proteome. (zeemly.com)
  • We use state-of-the-art genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and stable isotope tracer methods to establish mechanisms of DC pathogenesis. (unl.edu)
  • Stable isotope values for organisms collected in the Rowley River tidal creeks associated with long term fertilization experiments, Rowley, MA. (mbl.edu)
  • A cheminformatics approach to characterize metabolomes in stable-isotope-labeled organisms. (isolife.nl)
  • Therefore, we analyzed a series of glycoproteomes in several mouse tissues to identify glycosylated proteins and their glycosylation sites. (nih.gov)
  • A new study, published in eLife, uses advanced tissue analysis technology to show how the incorporation of new proteins changes in bone and cartilage with age. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The tissues in the cartilage, bone and skin are made up of an extracellular matrix (ECM), which is a dynamic network composed of collagens and proteins, and collectively known as the matrisome. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Subdivision based on the novel use of multiple stable isotopic labels. (jci.org)
  • After 1 week and 2 weeks, the leaves were collected, ground to powder and sent to the University of British Columbia (UBC) Stable Isotope Facility for isotopic analysis. (elementar.com)
  • This method was developed for quantifying the six DAP urinary metabolites of at least 28 organophosphorus pesticides using lyophilization and chemical derivatization followed by analysis using isotope-dilution gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Urine samples were spiked with stable isotope analogues of the DAPs and the water was removed from the samples using a lyophilizer. (cdc.gov)
  • The use of stable isotope analogues as internal standards for each of these metabolites allows for sample-specific adjustment for recovery and thus permits a high degree of accuracy and precision. (cdc.gov)
  • Gas chromatography (GC) coupled on-line to mass spectrometry (MS) is routinely applied for the simultaneous analysis of multiple hormones in plant tissues [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, the in situ extraction/derivatization/desorption method coupled with UPLC-MS was established for the fast, sensitive and selective detection of BRs in plant tissues. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Stability experiments demonstrate that optimum stabilization protocols consist of frozen-tissue embedding, post-tissue-sectioning desiccation, and storage at -80 °C of tissue sections sealed in vacuum-tight containers. (scilifelab.se)
  • The study aims to demonstrate nutrient uptake of T. occidentalis from 15 N labelled insects. (elementar.com)
  • A complete in vitro spermatogenesis has been obtained from mouse prepubertal testicular tissue, although with low efficiency. (elifesciences.org)
  • In vitro spermatogenesis could indeed be proposed to patients with testicular localization of residual tumor cells, for whom testicular tissue autografting is not indicated (about 30% of patients with acute leukemia). (elifesciences.org)
  • It has been previously shown that supplementing organotypic culture media with retinol improves the in vitro production of spermatids and spermatozoa in prepubertal mouse testicular tissues cultured at a gas-liquid interphase ( 5 , 7 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • Consistent with recent reports indicating that neurons differentiated in vitro from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are immature relative to those in the human brain, gene expression comparisons of our hiPSC-derived neurons to the Allen BrainSpan Atlas indicate that they most resemble fetal brain tissue. (ca.gov)
  • By measuring the fraction of the isotope carbon-14 in a tissue it is possible to infer the year in which the DNA was replicated as depicted in Figure 1. (bionumbers.org)
  • The N content and δ 15 N were analyzed using a vario EL cube elemental analyzer (Elementar) interfaced with an IsoPrime isotope ratio mass spectrometer. (elementar.com)
  • Expression of Annexin A2 and S100A10 was evaluated in EOC tissue samples (n=303) by immunohistochemistry. (cancerindex.org)
  • This strategy resulted in dramatic increase in overall sensitivity, allowing successful determination of phytohormones in small (less than 50 mg of fresh weight) tissue samples. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The method can be applied for the analyses of target phytohormones in small tissue samples obtained from any plant species and/or plant part relying on any commercially available (even less sensitive) tandem mass spectrometry instrumentation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Control and oxidatively stressed cells or tissue samples were extracted separately in the presence of either light ( 12 C 2 H 4 INO) or stable isotope-labelled heavy ( 1step three C 2 D 2 H 2 INO) IAM to alkylate reduced cysteine thiols (SH), coupling a carbamidomethyl (CAM) group to the cysteine residue. (filekav.com)
  • As shown in Fig. 1b , a fraction of the lysates used to prepare IAM-labelled samples are digested and dimethylated with either light (H 12 CHO/NaBH 3 CN) or heavy (D 13 CDO/NaBD 3 CN) formaldehyde/sodium cyanoborohydride, mixed in equal ratios using a label-swap replication strategy for independent replicates, and subjected to high pH reversed phase chromatography fractionation before UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. (filekav.com)
  • Plasma tracer lysine levels were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry isotope ratiometry, and breath 13CO2 levels were measured by mass spectrometric gas isotope ratiometry. (jci.org)
  • A stable isotope or radioactive tracer is introduced into the system being studied. (unl.edu)
  • During ageing, cellular and physiological processes naturally decline and this is a particular problem in collagen-rich tissues such as the articular cartilage and bone, where tissue turnover is low and repair of the tissue is reduced with age. (ox.ac.uk)
  • C 60 -COOH was absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract following gavage exposure and distributed into the heart, liver, spleen, stomach, lungs, intestine and bone tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After 24 h, 192Ir fractions in the range between 0.001 and 0.01 were found in liver, spleen, kidneys, heart, and brain, and an even higher fraction (between 0.01 and 0.05) in the remaining carcass consisting of soft tissue and bone. (cdc.gov)
  • The dermis offers low resistance, as do almost all internal tissues except bone, which is a poor conductor of electricity. (medscape.com)
  • For patients with bone or soft-tissue sarcoma, malignant melanoma, and head and neck carcinoma, CT scanning of the chest should be performed as an initial evaluation. (medscape.com)
  • Here, we report a new chemical isotope labelling LC-MS analytical method for one-pot derivatization of CK bases and their glycoconjugates, based on differential benzylation labelling of the adenine skeleton of CKs with benzyl bromide and its deuterium isotope-labelled reagent. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • ProteomeHD differs from other drafts of the human proteome in that it does not catalogue the proteome of specific tissues or subcellular compartments. (proteomehd.net)
  • To fill this gap, highly-sensitive analytical approaches providing hormone content information for small (≤ 50 mg) tissue amounts are required. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Labels such as isobaric chemical tags with different masses can be introduced through covalent modification to peptides. (openaccesspub.org)
  • However, there are currently no reports for chemical-labelled CKs. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Comprehensive analysis was performed by lectin- or HILIC-capture of glycopeptide subsets followed by enzymatic deglycosylation in stable isotope-labeled water (H₂¹⁸O, IGOT) and finally LC-MS analyses. (nih.gov)
  • Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that Annexin A2 and S100A10 in stromal tissue correlated with shorter overall survival (OS). (cancerindex.org)
  • Dry sediments @ 50o C. After the sample is dried, use a dissecting microscope and check sediment for carbonates using a few drops of 10% HCl on a small subsample, if bubbling occurs then a larger subsample should be acidified and redried for isotope analysis. (mbl.edu)
  • Grind a subsample of the sediments (Wig-L-Bug) for stable isotope analysis and place in a clean scint vial. (mbl.edu)
  • Dry the worms @ 50o C and then grind the worms (Wig-L-Bug) for stable isotope analysis and place back in the labeled (date, station, sample type) scint vial. (mbl.edu)
  • This technique allows non-destructive, label-free spectral imaging and analysis of cells, tissues, and nanoparticles [ 5 - 7 ]. (medsci.org)
  • These studies show that both NP characteristics--the material and the size of the chain-type aggregates--determine translocation and accumulation in STOs, skeleton, and soft tissue. (cdc.gov)
  • Among these, Raman spectroscopy has attracted increasing attention as a highly sensitive molecular imaging technique for studying complex biological systems, including cells, tissues, and various biological materials [ 4 ]. (medsci.org)
  • It was widely expressed in examined tissues with a significantly higher level in hemolymph, intestine, mantle, and gonad than others. (bvsalud.org)
  • 13 C skeleton-labeled fullerene C 60 ( 13 C-C 60 ) was functionalized with carboxyl groups ( 13 C-C 60 -COOH) or hydroxyl groups ( 13 C-C 60 -OH). (biomedcentral.com)
  • skeleton, and soft tissue were significantly lower than with NP made from pure Ir. (cdc.gov)
  • An especially important use of the plateau principle is to study the renewal of tissue constituents in the human and animal body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many of our inquiries are initiated by multilevel examinations of explanted human heart tissues obtained at the time of transplantation or organ donation to permit insights into both the heterogeneity of myocardial adaptations to disease and identification of dominant mechanisms and responses. (upenn.edu)
  • Table 1: Cell renewal rates in different tissues of the human body. (bionumbers.org)
  • The measured dynamics of the atmospheric carbon-14 content is the basis for inferring the rates of tissue renewal in the human body and yielded insights into other obscure questions such as how long sea urchins live and the origins of coral reefs. (bionumbers.org)
  • Extracellular vesicle DNA from human melanoma tissues contains cancer-specific mutations. (gu.se)
  • 10 9 apoptotic events occurring per day in human adult tissues, it is surprisingly difficult to histologically detect apoptotic cells due to the rapid recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells. (nature.com)
  • Compared with target proteomics in which only a few sites could be quantified, as many as 282 unique SAAVs sites were quantified between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and normal human liver tissues by our strategy. (nih.gov)
  • Pesticide residues and their metabolites in human tissues and fluids can be indicative of pesticide exposure and the total body burden of these pesticides. (cdc.gov)
  • As a new type of probe, the heavy isotope of water has been widely used in the study of cell development, metabolism, tissue homeostasis, aging, and tumor heterogeneity. (medsci.org)
  • Replacement of our cells also occurs in most of the other tissues in our body, though the cells in the lenses of our eyes and most neurons of our central nervous system are thought to be special counterexamples. (bionumbers.org)
  • How can the replacement rates of the cells in various tissues in our body be measured? (bionumbers.org)
  • This paradigm was in line with the implications of heart attacks where scar tissue is formed instead of healthy muscle cells. (bionumbers.org)
  • The organotypic culture procedure, which preserves testicular tissue architecture, microenvironment and cell interactions, has been used successfully to obtain spermatozoa from fresh or frozen/thawed mouse prepubertal testicular tissues ( 3 - 6 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • At the lab transfer the worms to another jar and put clean ambient water in the jar, let the worms sit overnight to purge their guts, then count and record the lengths of worms, towel blot and place worms in a labeled (date, station, sample type) glass scint vial and freeze. (mbl.edu)
  • Internal water temperature, pH and H/D isotope composition. (lu.se)
  • Information about the source of the water and type of treatment is listed on the label. (cdc.gov)
  • As some of these changes affect pathways implicated in age-related disease, the study may be identifying tissue changes that predispose to subsequent osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In adults, daily synthesis of tissue constituents is nearly constant, and most constituents are removed with a first-order reaction rate. (wikipedia.org)
  • A stable isotope labelled (N-15)-IGF-I was used as internal standard to control all sample preparation steps. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Apoptosis is a fundamental homeostatic mechanism essential for the normal growth, development and maintenance of every tissue and organ. (nature.com)
  • Absorption Ratio, Differential-- Ratio of concentration of a nuclide in a given organ or tissue to the concentration that would be obtained if the same administered quantity of this nuclide were uniformly distributed throughout the body. (cdc.gov)
  • Grade I (minor hepatic injury): AAST-OIS (Organ Injury Scale) grade I-II, hemodynamically stable. (medscape.com)
  • More importantly, the HD group exhibited significantly lower expression levels of CnMyD88 in their examined tissues than the ND group. (bvsalud.org)
  • The microscopic spread of metastasis through lymphatics and perilymphatic connective tissue is seen histopathologically in 56% of patients with pulmonary metastasis. (medscape.com)
  • Stable isotopes have frequently been used to investigate plant carnivory since significant accumulation of a heavier or lighter isotope in plant tissue provides clear evidence of nutrient transfer from dead animals to plants. (elementar.com)
  • In conclusion, this study reports the failure of adult Leydig cell development and altered steroid production and signaling in tissue cultures. (elifesciences.org)
  • This study reports useful information on the limits of the organotypic culture of neonatal mouse testes, which has been regarded as an experimental strategy that can be extended to humans in the clinical setting for the conservation and subsequent re-use of testicular tissue. (elifesciences.org)
  • In order to study the question, a novel MyD88 was first cloned using adult noble scallops Chlamys nobilis (CnMyD88), and its tissue distribution was investigated. (bvsalud.org)
  • The values of natural abundance of stable isotopes were measured in 22 species of macrophytes (18 macroalgae and 4 vascular plants) collected from the intertidal domain in NW Spain (NE Atlantic). (openaire.eu)
  • Here we established stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N) values for the endangered green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) population found within the boundaries of Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO), south Florida, USA. (usgs.gov)
  • Such studies involve analyzing differences in glycan structure on cell type (tissue), sex, and age, as well as changes associated with perturbations as a result of gene knockout of glycan biosynthesis-related enzyme, disease and drug treatment. (nih.gov)
  • Collect 5 surface (2cm) cores using 60 ml syringe, place cores in a labeled (date, station, sample type) 4 oz Qorpack jar and in a cooler for transport back to the lab. (mbl.edu)
  • Using a seine collect 15 to 20 mummichogs, 35-50 mm lengths and place in a labeled (date, station, sample type) ziplock bag and place in cooler for transport back to the lab. (mbl.edu)
  • At the lab, count and record the lengths of the mummichogs, fillet and save tissue in a labeled (date, station, sample type) glass scint vial and freeze. (mbl.edu)
  • Collect 15 to 20 ribbed mussels from below the Spartina alterniflora channel bank edge and place in a labeled (date, station, sample type) ziplock bag and place in cooler for transport back to the lab. (mbl.edu)
  • Save muscle tissue in a labeled (date, station, sample type) glass scint vial and freeze. (mbl.edu)
  • Using a seine collect 45 to 60 silversides, 30 - 70 mm lengths and place in a labeled (date, station, sample type) ziplock bag and place in cooler for transport back to the lab. (mbl.edu)
  • At the lab separate the silversides into 3 subsamples, then count and record the lengths of the silversides for each subsample, then fillet and save the tissue in three separately labeled (date, station, sample type) glass scint vials and freeze. (mbl.edu)