• Cellular senescence is a phenomenon characterized by the cessation of cell division. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hayflick's discovery of mortal cells paved the path for the discovery and understanding of cellular aging molecular pathways. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cellular senescence can be initiated by a wide variety of stress inducing factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Depletion of NAD+ can lead to DNA damage and cellular senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two proteins, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase and p16Ink4A, are regarded as biomarkers of cellular senescence. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recently, the role of telomeres in cellular senescence has aroused general interest, especially with a view to the possible genetically adverse effects of cloning. (wikipedia.org)
  • BRAFV600E and Ras are two oncogenes implicated in cellular senescence. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is the multihit theory of tumorigenesis, in which a series of multiple triggering events in the genetic and cellular makeup of a cell ultimately cause cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Aging kidney and CKD share many common characteristic features with increased cellular senescence, a conserved program characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review, we discuss current understanding of the role and mechanism of cellular senescence in kidney fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cellular senescence is characterized by an irreversible and permanent cell cycle arrest coupled with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review, we summarize the evidence linking cellular senescence to the pathogenesis of CKD and discuss current understanding of the mechanism and regulators controlling senescence. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review presents a complex summary of GVHD pathogenesis with focus on references considering basic biological processes such as DNA damage response and cellular senescence. (hindawi.com)
  • This review summarizes the updated GVHD pathogenesis linking GVHD with biological processes such as DNA damage response (DDR) and cellular senescence (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • Cytotoxic T lymphocytes were determined as the cellular effectors of GVHD, and the key role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in T-lymphocyte activation was established during the following years [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The current understanding of aGVHD pathogenesis can be summarized as (1) initial tissue damage induced by the conditioning regimen followed by the denudation of auto- and alloantigens accompanied by massive inflammatory cytokine secretion ("cytokine storm") activating APCs, (2) auto- and alloantigen presentation mediated by APCs together with the costimulatory signaling prime donor's cytotoxic T lymphocytes and their proliferation, and (3) the migration of activated cellular effectors toward GVHD target tissues. (hindawi.com)
  • Tissue exhibits unique mechanical, biochemical and structural properties, with discrete and continuous changes in cellular and extracellular composition that defines intricate channels, chambers and interfaces. (edu.au)
  • Because age-related cellular senescence and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been recognised as risk factors for CRC development, the recent finding that type 2 diabetic patients present an elevated circulating volume of senescent cells raises the question whether type 2 diabetes facilitates the process of CRC tumorigenesis by inducing premature cell senescence. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms according to which T2D induces cellular senescence and the role of type 2 diabetes-induced cellular senescence in the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer. (frontiersin.org)
  • More recently, cellular senescence has been considered as an additional cause of age-related tumorigenesis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Senescence is a stress-response cellular state characterised by proliferative arrest but active metabolism ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This age-related inflammation, also referred to as inflammaging, increases the risk for tissue damage and genetic aberrations that cause cellular transformation and cancer development ( 8 , 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • However, cellular senescence is not exclusive to ageing. (frontiersin.org)
  • Age-related and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) represent a source of cellular stress due to their disruptive effect on normal physiological processes and, therefore, can induce premature senescence ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Those groups are not specifically targeting cellular senescence, but can hardly avoid having senescent cells taking up their therapeutic mitochondria. (fightaging.org)
  • Exogenous mitochondrial transplantation improved mitochondrial dysfunction and alleviated cellular senescence hallmarks, such as increased cell size, increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, augmented NF-κB activity, increased inflammatory cytokines , and upregulated the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p16 . (fightaging.org)
  • Further, cellular senescence properties were improved by exogenous mitochondrial transplantation in oxidative stress -induced senescent ARPE-19 cells. (fightaging.org)
  • These results indicate that exogenous mitochondrial transplantation modulates cellular senescence and may be considered a novel therapeutic strategy for AMD. (fightaging.org)
  • Tumor suppressor genes can promote cellular senescence, a state in which cells stop dividing, preventing the replication of damaged DNA. (pharmiweb.com)
  • They are involved in various cellular processes, including tissue development, immune responses, and maintenance of tissue integrity. (pharmiweb.com)
  • They play a vital role in tissue development, maintaining tissue integrity, and organizing complex cellular structures. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Background: Cellular senescence, cell growth cycle arrest, is a marker of cellular aging. (concordia.ca)
  • Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible growth arrest. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Abstract Cellular senescence is a stress response that imposes stable cell-cycle arrest in damaged cells, preventing their propagation in tissues. (biotech2012.org)
  • Several hallmarks of cellular senescence, such as cell cycle arrest, expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, DNA damages, and senescence-associated secretory profile were evaluated. (aging-us.com)
  • Etoposide-induced senescence model may help investigate the initiation of cellular senescence in chondrocytes, and provide a useful model to develop therapeutic approaches to target senescence in OA. (aging-us.com)
  • Cellular senescence has been described as one of the major drivers of aging [ 6 ] and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases [ 7 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Recently, cellular senescence has emerged as a new target to treat OA [ 8 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Because a specific marker for cellular senescence has yet to be identified, a combination of markers should be used to identify SnCs [ 14 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Considering the role of cellular senescence in age-related diseases including OA, the therapeutic potential of senolytic (drugs that induced SnCs death) and senomorphic (drugs that modulate the SASP) compounds have been contemplated with growing interest [ 15 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Although cellular senescence plays an important role in tissue homeostasis, the dramatic accumulation of senescent cells in old age has deleterious effects on damage repair and systemic inflammation [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Each mechanism can induce a separate, but overlapping, pattern of cellular responses, making the interpretation of tissue culture data very complex. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Tau protein aggregation is associated with cellular senescence in the brain. (uthscsa.edu)
  • The aim of the present investigation was to elucidate the cellular mechanisms whereby Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro in keratinocytes, the target cells in psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
  • Prof. Valery Krizhanovsky's research is focused on understanding of the role of cellular senescence in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. (longevitynation.org)
  • Cellular senescence, a permanent state of cell cycle arrest accompanied by a complex phenotype that affects the microenvironment, is an essential mechanism that limits tumorigenesis and tissue damage. (longevitynation.org)
  • Prof. Krizhanovsky was one of the pioneers to study the role of cellular senescence in tissue damage and repair and the interaction of senescent cells with the immune system. (longevitynation.org)
  • Cellular senescence in premalignant lesions and cancer. (longevitynation.org)
  • Additional processes in which mitochondria are involved include heat production, storage of calcium ions, calcium signaling, programmed cell death (apoptosis) and cellular proliferation. (justia.com)
  • The three main pathways used to generate energy in eukaryotic organisms are glycolysis and the citric acid cycle/oxidative phosphorylation, both components of cellular respiration, and beta-oxidation. (justia.com)
  • Over recent decades, the field of cellular senescence has attracted considerable attention due to its association with aging, the development of age-related diseases and cancer. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • In this study, we investigated how higher-order chromatin structure modulates differential expression of the human INK4b-ARF-INK4a locus during progenitor cell differentiation, cellular ageing and senescence of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is the first demonstration that moderation of splicing factor levels is associated with reversal of cellular senescence in human primary fibroblasts. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Thus, the loss of fine-tuning of gene expression in ageing tissues and the resulting failure to respond appropriately to intrinsic and extrinsic cellular stressors has the potential to be a major contributor to the increased physiological frailty seen in aging organisms [ 8 ]. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Cellular senescence-the permanent arrest of cycling in normally proliferating cells such as fibroblasts-contributes both to age-related loss of mammalian tissue homeostasis and acts as a tumour suppressor mechanism. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Combining in-silico interactome analysis and functional target gene inhibition, stochastic modelling and live cell microscopy, we show here that there exists a dynamic feedback loop that is triggered by a DNA damage response (DDR) and, which after a delay of several days, locks the cell into an actively maintained state of 'deep' cellular senescence. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Changes in cortical neurones included alterations in insulin and other signalling pathways, cell cycle, cellular senescence, inflammatory mediators, and components of the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lille, France, Febuary 12, 2022 - StarkAge Therapeutics (SATX), a pioneering discovery-stage biotechnology company focusing on cellular senescence-related diseases, announced today it has established its Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) comprised of leading international independent experts. (starkagetx.com)
  • Dr. David Bernard is a cell and molecular biologist by training with strong expertise in cellular senescence. (starkagetx.com)
  • Currently heading up the Cellular Senescence, Cancer and Aging team at The Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL) , Dr. Bernard's team is developing several research projects focused on new mechanisms and actors of cellular senescence they have identified in regulating cancer, age-related alterations, for example, fibrosis and inflammation, and aging. (starkagetx.com)
  • Dr. D'Adda di Fagagna discovered the engagement of DDR factors in the maintenance of telomeres and demonstrated that cellular senescence, a form of cell aging, is the outcome of DDR activation caused by the direct recognition of critically short or damaged telomeres. (starkagetx.com)
  • Dr. Ana O'Loghlen is an expert in cellular senescence in a variety of contexts such as aging, cancer, and age-related diseases. (starkagetx.com)
  • The focus of her Epigenetics & Cellular Senescence lab at the Blizard Institute of the Queen Mary University of London is understanding the basic mechanisms regulating cellular senescence and its influence on the microenvironment, and the understanding and identification of new components of the Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) and investigating their role with the microenvironment in the context of aging and cancer. (starkagetx.com)
  • Taking advantage of the developmental gradient in the bread wheat leaf, we provide a simultaneous quantitative analysis for the development of mesophyll cells and of chloroplasts as a cellular compartment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Differentiation subsequently occurs in leaf primordia basipetally, resulting in a gradient of easily distinguishable cellular morphologies of distal differentiated cells towards the tip of the leaf, basal progenitor proliferating cells adjacent to the shoot apical meristem, and all possible intermediate stages in between. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • the adaptive nature of individual cellular aging/death programs can only be appreciated when these cellular programs are interpreted within the context of functioning of the whole community of cells. (atlasofscience.org)
  • Finally, we discuss how certain hallmarks of ageing (epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, telomere attrition, cellular senescence, and altered intercellular communication) predispose the ageing population to severe COVID-19. (ersjournals.com)
  • Loss of epigenetic information is a characteristic of cellular aging in eukaryotes, resulting in changes in gene expression, loss of cellular identity, mitochondrial malfunction, inflammation, and cellular senescence, which contribute to aging and age-related illnesses. (news-medical.net)
  • In the present study, researchers devised high-throughput cellular assays that can differentiate between young, older, and aged cells of the body, including transcriptomic aging clocks and real-time quantitative nucleocytoplasmic compartmentalization (NCC) assays, to identify compounds that can reverse the aging process without genomic alterations. (news-medical.net)
  • This process is known as "replicative senescence", or the Hayflick limit. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mechanistically, replicative senescence can be triggered by a DNA damage response due to the shortening of telomeres. (wikipedia.org)
  • This induces replicative senescence. (wikipedia.org)
  • We demonstrated mitochondrial dysfunction in replicative senescence -induced ARPE-19 cells after repeated passage . (fightaging.org)
  • Accordingly we developed a novel panel of small molecules based on resveratrol, previously suggested to alter mRNA splicing, to determine whether altered splicing factor expression had potential to influence features of replicative senescence. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Persistent DDR induces a permanent proliferation arrest known as replicative senescence, which is thought to function as a tumor suppressor [ 6 - 8 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • The primary manifestation of aging in unicellular organisms is replicative senescence. (atlasofscience.org)
  • Depending on the severity of the DNA damage, the cells may no longer be able to undergo repair and either go through apoptosis or cell senescence. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although the conventional activities of p53 such as cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis are well accepted as the major checkpoints in stress responses, accumulating evidence implicates the importance of other tumor suppression mechanisms. (nature.com)
  • Is p53-dependent ferroptosis sufficient for tumor suppression in the absence of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis? (nature.com)
  • To date, various mechanisms have been suggested to explain the powerful tumor-suppressive effect of p53, including the induction of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • Unlike apoptosis, senescence is a state of which cells are still alive and metabolically active. (frontiersin.org)
  • They can trigger apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death, when a cell becomes irreparably damaged or poses a risk of becoming cancerous. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Senescent cells continue to survive and resist apoptosis, yet the cell cycle is arrested to prevent further proliferation [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, Tan IIA-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential changes were also further demonstrated by DNA fragmentation, single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE), and flow cytometry methods. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, based on clinical experience as well as cytotoxic activity against multiple human cancer cells, we hypothesized that induction of apoptosis is the underlying mechanism for the treatment of psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
  • Aging/death programs such as senescence, apoptosis and autophagy are not adaptive to the affected cells, but these cells, while aging, give directions to nearby cells and thereby modify their behavior. (atlasofscience.org)
  • Next generation sequencing and bio-informatic analyses were conducted to investigate the mechanism of reactivation of p53 and induction of tumor cell apoptosis (RITA)-enhancing X-ray susceptibility in FaDu cells. (sagepub.com)
  • For example, panitumumab has been discovered to have an enhanced effect on radiation in the preclinical setting of upper aerodigestive tract cancer.8 Moreover, it has been found that the p53reactivating small-molecule RITA (reactivation of p53 and induction of tumor cell apoptosis), alone or in combination with cisplatin, can induce the reactivation of p53 in many HNSCC cell lines.9,10 However, this effect is not universal. (sagepub.com)
  • The HNSCC cell line JHU-028 can express wild type (wt) p53, but the cells do not undergo apoptosis in response to RITA treatment.10 Previously, we used RITA combined with X-ray to investigate the effect of RITA on X-ray susceptibility for the treatment of HSCC cell line FaDu (which is HPV-negative cell line) and found that RITA could enhance the radiation response of HSCC (data not shown). (sagepub.com)
  • This programmed death, called apoptosis, is a kind of cell suicide. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In our new paper we have already shown that they are easily targeted with a mitochondrial inhibitor or a cell cycle inhibitor such as Ribociclib , an FDA-approved drug in the US which would prevent their proliferation. (theconversation.com)
  • Cancer cells mechanosense CAF compression, resulting in an altered localization of the transcriptional regulator YAP and a decrease in proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
  • In CIBSS, we specifically investigate how stress signals drive gene expression programs during wound healing, and how these in turn facilitate crucial cell behaviors, such as resistance to ROS stress, metabolic reprogramming, and ultimately, regenerative proliferation. (uni-freiburg.de)
  • With its absence, the human body will be functioning without its "brake" of cell proliferation. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Tumor suppressor genes code for proteins that inhibit cell division and growth, acting as a control mechanism to prevent excessive cell proliferation. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Further analysis revealed two clusters related to cell proliferation and the tumor microenvironment. (molcells.org)
  • Taken together, these results imply that TJP1 contributes to the development of sarcoma by proliferation through modulating cell-cell aggregation and communication through cytokines in the tumor microenvironment and might be a beneficial therapeutic target. (molcells.org)
  • CCK-8, plate colony formation and EdU assays were performed to assess the cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, SNHG4 or RRM2 knockdown significantly induced cell cycle arrest and cell senescence, and inhibited DNA damage repair and cell proliferation, and the effects can be partially reversed by let-7a knockdown or RRM2 reoverexpression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Developmentally regulated EZH2 levels are one of the factors that can determine the higher order chromatin structure and expression pattern of the INK4b-ARF-INK4a locus, coupling human progenitor cell differentiation to proliferation control. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Development and homeostasis require the coordinate regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Under growth permissive conditions, cells demonstrating restored splicing factor expression also demonstrated increased telomere length, re-entered cell cycle and resumed proliferation. (beds.ac.uk)
  • We show that the first phase of plastid development begins with organelle proliferation, which extends well beyond cell proliferation, and continues with the establishment and then the build-up of the plastid genetic machinery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Monocot leaves, where cell proliferation and differentiation are displayed along a linear developmental gradient, provide an ideally suited experimental system to study these processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Primordium cells, in contrast to stem cells, are already specified, have entered a period of maximal proliferation, but for a limited number of times, and can thus be considered the plant equivalent of progenitor cells in animal organs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
  • H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)
  • The phosphorylation cascade initiated by these two kinases causes the eventual arrest of the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • SnCs exhibit irreversible growth arrest accompanied by increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) such as p16 INK4a , and p21 Cip1 , accumulation of DNA damages, and secretion of diverse bioactive molecules known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (aging-us.com)
  • Downregulation of UCK2 induced cell cycle arrest and activated the TNFα/NFκB signalling pathway-related senescence-associated secretory phenotype to modify the tumour microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the present study, we found that knockdown of UCK2 induced cell cycle arrest through dual mechanisms in HCC and that targeting UCK2 promoted the secretory features involved in the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and inflammasomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Senescent cells elicit their fibrogenic actions primarily by secreting an assortment of inflammatory and profibrotic factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (frontiersin.org)
  • Increasing evidence indicates that senescent cells could be a promising new target for therapeutic intervention known as senotherapy, which includes depleting senescent cells, modulating SASP and restoration of senescence inhibitors. (frontiersin.org)
  • On the other hand, etoposide treatment reliably induces DNA damage-related senescence in human articular chondrocytes evidenced by loss of proliferative capacity, DNA damage accumulation, and expression of some SASP components. (aging-us.com)
  • Senescent cells take on a senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP), in which production of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and proteases are increased by selective chromatin alterations [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nevertheless, senescent cells accumulate in tissues and develop a pro-inflammatory secretome, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which can have serious deleterious effects if not properly regulated. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • There is increasing evidence suggesting senescent cells contribute to different stages of carcinogenesis in different anatomical sites, mainly due to the paracrine effects of the SASP. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • This rescue was independent of cell cycle traverse and also independent of SIRT1, SASP modulation or senolysis. (beds.ac.uk)
  • these cells can remain metabolically active, resulting in the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors to result in SASP [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Downregulated UCK2 induced a secretory phenotype, which could improve the microenvironment, and decreased UCK2 remodelling metabolism could lower the resistance of tumour cells to T-cell-mediated killing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Senescent cells contribute to the aging phenotype, including frailty syndrome, sarcopenia, and aging-associated diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although senescent cells can no longer replicate, they remain metabolically active and commonly adopt an immunogenic phenotype consisting of a pro-inflammatory secretome, the up-regulation of immune ligands, a pro-survival response, promiscuous gene expression (pGE), and stain positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Senescent cells can undergo conversion to an immunogenic phenotype that enables them to be eliminated by the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • This phenotype consists of a pro-inflammatory secretome, the up-regulation of immune ligands, a pro-survival response, promiscuous gene expression (pGE) and stain positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Once activated, p53 coordinates multiple downstream pathways, thereby maintaining the homeostasis of the host cell or organism (if the stress is mild, transient, and repairable) or eliminating damaged cells (if the stress is acute, prolonged, and difficult to resist). (nature.com)
  • some of the signaling pathways involved in renal senescence differ between male and female marmosets. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Inhibition of these pathways allowed elimination of senescent cells in vivo. (longevitynation.org)
  • Senescent cells are unable to proliferate, as the pathways responsible for initiating the cell cycle are irreversibly inhibited. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • The pathways leading to establishment of senescence are proving to be more complex than was previously envisaged. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Dr. Fabrizio d'Adda di Fagagna is a cell and molecular biologist at IFOM in Milan and CNR in Pavia (Italy) who studies the involvement of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathways in physiologically relevant processes such as aging and cancer. (starkagetx.com)
  • The ageing process is thought to contribute to tumorigenesis via aberrant genome maintenance and systemic inflammation that result in tissue damage and occurrence of unfavourable genome modifications ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Over lifetime, due to the action of several stressors such as DNA damage and telomere shortening, senescent cells accumulate in the organism and release a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines responsible for low-grade inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
  • They facilitate adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells, enabling leukocyte extravasation into tissues during inflammation. (pharmiweb.com)
  • VCAMs are involved in mediating the adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelial cells, facilitating the recruitment of immune cells during inflammation. (pharmiweb.com)
  • This study used etoposide, to induce DNA damage-related senescence or chronic exposure to IL-1β to entail inflammation-related senescence in human OA chondrocytes. (aging-us.com)
  • As current COPD treatments only focus on symptomatic relief such as reducing inflammation and bronchial dilation, there is no fundamental treatment that can regenerate and restore damaged pulmonary tissue. (haplnscience.com)
  • Strong efficacy in inhibiting chronic inflammation and reversing aging-associated degeneration through amplification of the communication and crosstalk between ECM and cell. (haplnscience.com)
  • Among our cohort at baseline, we found few differences in either basic morphology or hematological markers of blood cell counts, metabolism or inflammation between male and female marmosets. (uthscsa.edu)
  • In this review, we aim to discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the senescence response and its relationship with cancer development, focusing on the link between senescence-related inflammation and cancer. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Molecular 'switch' reverses chronic inflammation and aging - Science Daily, 2/6/20 - 'By studying mice and immune cells called macrophages, the team found that a protein called SIRT2 is responsible for deacetylating the NLRP3 inflammasome. (qualitycounts.com)
  • Another consequence of aging is the accumulation of so-called senescent cells, normal cells that stop dividing, contribute to tissue aging and secrete substances like cytokines that induce inflammation. (qualitycounts.com)
  • Elimination of senescent cells can counter chronic inflammation, said Steven N. Austad, director of aging studies at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. (qualitycounts.com)
  • US 20130022666 provides compositions comprising a lipid carrier and mitochondria as well as methods of delivering exogenous mitochondria to a cell and methods of treating or reversing progression of a disorder associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in a mammalian subject in need thereof. (justia.com)
  • However, senescent cells accumulate in tissues in advanced age, where they might promote tissue degeneration and Kaempferol inhibition malignant transformation. (biotech2012.org)
  • During tumor progression, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) accumulate in tumors and produce an excessive extracellular matrix (ECM), forming a capsule that enwraps cancer cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Senescent cells (SnCs) have been described to accumulate in osteoarthritis (OA) joint tissues in response to injury, thereby participating in OA development and progression. (aging-us.com)
  • Indeed, senescent cells (SnCs) are described to accumulate in joint tissues in response to injury and during aging, thereby participating in its development and progression [ 8 - 10 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • However, senescent cells accumulate in premalignant lesions, sites of tissue damage and in normal tissues during aging. (longevitynation.org)
  • If senescent cells are not cleared by the immune system, persist and accumulate in tissues, they have the potential to promote pathological conditions. (longevitynation.org)
  • Senescent cells accumulate progressively through life in a variety of mammalian species [ 15 ], and premature senescence is a hallmark of many human progeroid syndromes. (beds.ac.uk)
  • In fact, several studies have shown that T2D induces senescence in multiple types of cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells ( 11 , 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Chronic exposure to IL-1β induces only partial expression of senescence markers and does not allow us to conclude on its ability to induce senescence in chondrocytes. (aging-us.com)
  • Such senescent cells in mammalian culture and tissues retain DSBs and DDR markers. (wikipedia.org)
  • WO 2016/135723 to the present inventors discloses mammalian bone marrow cells enriched with mitochondria for treatment of mitochondrial diseases. (justia.com)
  • [ 6 ] These events lead the cancer cell to escape normal cell growth and control mechanisms, to avoid system control mechanisms (ie, immunologic surveillance), and to establish a nutrient supply. (medscape.com)
  • This pitfall may be due to the lack of understanding of the mechanisms underlying chondrocyte senescence. (aging-us.com)
  • Hence, it is of great importance to investigate the mechanisms that induce enzalutamide resistance in prostate cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent studies at the laboratory discovered mechanisms that regulate the viability of senescent cells. (longevitynation.org)
  • Skin fibroblasts in WS patients demonstrate characteristics of cells in conditions of stress with slow growth rates, an elongated cell cycle, and an altered morphology that suggests stress-induced premature senescence transduced in part by the p38α MAP kinase signaling pathway. (medscape.com)
  • This pressing need has led to the rise of 'tissue engineering and regenerative medicine', a multidisclinary field which aims to induce the body's natural regenerative abilities and produce functional substitutes of biological tissue for clinical use. (edu.au)
  • In their experiments during the early 1960s, Leonard Hayflick and Paul Moorhead found that normal human fetal fibroblasts in culture reach a maximum of approximately 50 cell population doublings before becoming senescent. (wikipedia.org)
  • We found that INK4b and INK4a , but not ARF , are upregulated following the differentiation of haematopoietic progenitor cells, in ageing fibroblasts and in senescing malignant rhabdoid tumour cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Passaging 40.0 times resulted in senescent fibroblasts with no growth over 14 days, morphological alterations typical of aged cells, and a rise in cell-cycle regulator p21 (CDKN1A) transcripts. (news-medical.net)
  • The researchers discovered that OSK expression in cells, such as murine and human fibroblasts, may significantly repair the epigenetic environment and patterns of gene expression of aged cells. (news-medical.net)
  • The physiological importance for cell senescence has been attributed to prevention of carcinogenesis, and more recently, aging, development, and tissue repair. (wikipedia.org)
  • These molecules are essential for embryonic development, wound healing, immune cell recognition, and many other physiological functions. (pharmiweb.com)
  • However, this results in a false positive for cells that naturally have these two proteins such as maturing tissue macrophages with senescence-associated beta-galactosidase and T-cells with p16Ink4A. (wikipedia.org)
  • Besides the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6), the increased expression of receptor repertoire (pattern recognition receptors, PRR) on APCs, mostly macrophages and dendritic cells, occurs as a result of the release of endogenous and exogenous antigens (damage-associated molecular patterns, DAMPs, and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs). (hindawi.com)
  • Visceral adipose tissue produces excess inflammatory molecules including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF and contains a high number of resident macrophages [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, immune infiltrations analysis showed that transcriptional levels and somatic copy number alterations (SCNA) in E2F family were significantly correlated with several immune cell recruitments, including B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. (fortunepublish.com)
  • In vivo and in organized cells, and proper symmetry are healthy individuals, macrophages can characteristics of higher-quality embryos, which phagocytize DNA that has been passively point to healthy development and higher rates of released into the blood from apoptotic or necrotic implantation. (who.int)
  • The nucleus of senescent cells is characterized by senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) and DNA segments with chromatin alterations reinforcing senescence (DNA-SCARS). (wikipedia.org)
  • The CDKN2A/B locus contains genes encoding cell cycle inhibitors, including p16 Ink4a , which have not yet been implicated in the control of hepatic glucose homeostasis. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Can ferroptosis be specifically induced in tumors but not in normal tissues? (nature.com)
  • We observed a statistically significant increased messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in E2F1/3/5/7 compared with matched normal tissues. (fortunepublish.com)
  • We aim to gain a better understanding of the relationship between T cell functions and their physical microenvironment by 3D printing hydrogels as a model for the soft tissues and organs in our bodies. (edu.au)
  • However, acute senescence in living organisms is not well understood. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The top 10% of highly expressed genes in LMS tissues were obtained from public databases. (molcells.org)
  • Bioinformatic analyzing approaches were used to identified the over-expressed genes in prostate cancer tumor tissues from three GEO datasets. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, using RNA sequencing data from the HSCC cell line FaDu, we aimed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 8 Gy X-ray-treated FaDu cells and 0 Gy X-ray-treated FaDu cells, as well as those between 8 Gy X-ray + RITA treated FaDu cells and 8 Gy X-ray treated FaDu cells. (sagepub.com)
  • telomere shortening activates extensive alterations in alternative RNA splicing that produce senescent toxins such as progerin, which degrades tissue and makes it more prone to failure. (wikipedia.org)
  • At 7wk, HF-fed animals exhibited several immune alterations (blood leukocyte/neutrophil number, lymph node B-cell proportionality)-effects which were more pronounced in SD rats. (cdc.gov)
  • However, dysregulation of the DDR pathway allows cells to proliferate beyond senescence limits. (oncotarget.com)
  • Senescent cells affect tumour suppression, wound healing and possibly embryonic/placental development and a pathological role in age-related diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this review, we discuss some aspects of early embryonic development in mammals, namely the fidelity of chromosome segregation and occurrence of aneuploidy, as well as the clinical applications of cell cycle monitoring in human embryos. (ehu.eus)
  • Short-term programmed senescence such as in embryonic development and slowly progressing senescence as in aging are both well described. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Krizhanovsky lab studies how senescent cells affect cancer, aging and age-related diseases as well as embryonic development. (longevitynation.org)
  • thus providing, together with other laboratories, the first evidence that senescence can play a role in embryonic development. (longevitynation.org)
  • The method involves microinjecting heterologous mitochondria into an oocyte or embryonic cell wherein the heterologous mitochondria are capable of achieving at least normal levels of mitochondrial membrane potential in the oocyte or embryonic cell. (justia.com)
  • WO 2001/046401 discloses embryonic or stem-like cells produced by cross species nuclear transplantation. (justia.com)
  • Combining genetic and physical manipulations in vivo with microfabrication and force measurements in vitro, we found that the CAFs capsule is not a passive barrier but instead actively compresses cancer cells using actomyosin contractility. (bvsalud.org)
  • Response of Drosophila epithelial cell and tissue shape to external forces in vivo. (uni-freiburg.de)
  • We hypothesized that hemorrhagic shock injury (HI) caused by whole body hypoxia and nutrient deprivation, resulting in organ dysfunction due to severe blood loss, could lead to acute senescence in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that SNHG4 overexpression markedly enhanced cell resistance to enzalutamide. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The accumulation of senescent cells also occurs in vivo with advancing age and causes much degenerative age-related pathology. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Mutations in genes relating to genome maintenance has been linked with premature aging diseases, supporting the role of cell senescence in aging (see DNA damage theory of aging). (wikipedia.org)
  • The successive shortening of the chromosomal telomeres with each cell cycle is also believed to limit the number of divisions of the cell, contributing to aging. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the world of anti-aging research, a key fundamental aspect to aging is cell division. (globalcitizencap.com)
  • This process, called senescence, is believed to underlie the aging process in many tissues. (globalcitizencap.com)
  • According to West, treating these diseases with regenerative cell therapy is akin to treating the aging process itself, like replacing old parts with new. (globalcitizencap.com)
  • Some of the big objections put forward are that the aging process is incredibly complex, and that senescence is an unavoidable consequence of cells doing their diverse jobs around the body. (globalcitizencap.com)
  • Aging Cell , 19 (9), Article e13201. (elsevierpure.com)
  • As skin aging and degeneration progresses, the content of collagen and hyaluronic acid, which are major components of the extracellular matrix, is decreased, and the need for rejuvenation of the skin tissues that lost elasticity and wrinkled is increased. (haplnscience.com)
  • The present invention provides stem cells enriched with healthy functional mitochondria, and therapeutic methods utilizing such cells for the alleviation of debilitating conditions, including aging, and age-related diseases as well as the debilitating effects of anti-cancer therapies in subjects in need thereof. (justia.com)
  • The present invention relates to stem cells enriched with functional mitochondria, and therapeutic methods utilizing such cells to diminish the debilitating effects of various conditions, including aging and age-related diseases as well as the debilitating effects of anti-cancer therapy treatments. (justia.com)
  • In essence within the context of the whole animal, the aging and death of individual cells makes possible essential whole animal functions i.e. the aging/death of individual cells is beneficial to the functioning of the whole animal. (atlasofscience.org)
  • The authors of the present study previously demonstrated that ectopically induced transcription factors, Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4), sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), and Kruppel-like factor 4 ( KLF-4) (collectively known as OSK factors) among mammals can reverse aging by restoring youthful patterns of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, transcriptomic profiles, and tissue functioning without cell identity loss. (news-medical.net)
  • The NCC system was developed to identify small molecules that reverse the effects of aging and senescence. (news-medical.net)
  • The body changes with aging because changes occur in individual cells and in whole organs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The aging of a cell is one trigger. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a respiratory disease that causes obstructed airflow, accompanying pulmonary tissue damage and abnormal inflammatory response. (haplnscience.com)
  • Our tissue engineering research focuses on repairing diseased or damaged tissues, incorporating the areas of biomaterials, stem cells, computer modelling and molecular biology. (edu.au)
  • Cancer stem cells, also known as "tumour-initiating cells", are the only cells in the tumour that can make a new tumour . (theconversation.com)
  • New therapies that specifically target and eradicate these cancer stem cells are needed to prevent tumours growing and spreading, but for that there needs to be more clarity around the target. (theconversation.com)
  • Our experiments on cancer cells derived from a human breast tumour found that stem cells - representing 0.2% of the cancer cell population - have special characteristics. (theconversation.com)
  • These cancer stem cells undergo anchorage-independent growth, also known as growth in suspension, without any tissue attachment. (theconversation.com)
  • Cancer stem cells grow in suspension in the bloodstream and spread throughout the body. (theconversation.com)
  • With astonishing luck, these energetic cancer stem cells are colour-coded which means they have a natural phosphorescent glow, making them easy to identify and target. (theconversation.com)
  • Now that we have found them and we know how they behave, it should be relatively simple to find drugs to target cancer stem cells. (theconversation.com)
  • Ultimately, this means that if we focus on energetic cancer stem cells, we may be able to directly hit the target. (theconversation.com)
  • As a consequence, "big pharma" drug screening should actually focus on cancer stem cells and their relevant targets. (theconversation.com)
  • further, stem cells have low immunogenicity because of lower levels of surface antigens . (fightaging.org)
  • But there is a certain type of cells, known as pluripotent stem cells, that can theoretically divide forever . (globalcitizencap.com)
  • AgeX develops stem cells as therapies for age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. (globalcitizencap.com)
  • The company keeps 'progenitor' stem cells that can transform into specific cell types that replace lost tissue. (globalcitizencap.com)
  • WO 2013/002880 describes compositions and methods comprising bio-energetic agents for restoring the quality of aged oocytes, enhancing oogonial stem cells or improving derivatives thereof (e.g., cytoplasm or isolated mitochondria) for use in fertility-enhancing procedures. (justia.com)
  • The team compiled a list of compounds that effectively converted human and mouse somatic cells into chemically induced pluripotent stem cells (CiPSCs) and assessed them using the NCC assay. (news-medical.net)
  • Recent news of an impending clinical cell transplantation trial in Parkinson's disease using parthenogenetic stem cells as a source of donor tissue have raised hopes in the patient community and sparked discussion in the research community. (lu.se)
  • Graft versus host disease (GVHD), a severe immunogenic complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), represents the most frequent cause of transplant-related mortality (TRM). (hindawi.com)
  • Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers the only curative modality for many hematological disorders. (hindawi.com)
  • Mitochondrial transplantation into damaged cells or injured tissues is considered a novel cell-based therapeutic strategy. (fightaging.org)
  • Here, we investigated the effects of extrinsic mitochondrial transplantation on senescence-induced ARPE-19 cells, an RPE cell line. (fightaging.org)
  • Based on discussions held by a global collaborative initiative on translation of stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease, we have identified a set of key questions that we believe should be addressed ahead of every clinical stem cell-based transplantation trial in this disorder. (lu.se)
  • PECAM-1 is expressed on the surface of platelets and endothelial cells and is involved in cell adhesion and signaling during immune responses. (pharmiweb.com)
  • In this study, we investigated the transcriptomic changes in cortical neurones, and associated astrocytes and endothelial cells of the neurovascular unit, in the ageing brain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neurone, astrocyte, and endothelial cell-enriched mRNA, obtained by immuno-laser capture microdissection of temporal cortex (Brodmann area 21/22) from 6 cases with self-reported T2D in the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study neuropathology cohort, and an equal number of age and sex-matched controls, was assessed by microarray analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 912, 2202, and 1227 genes were significantly differentially expressed between cases with self-reported T2D and controls in neurones, astrocytes, and endothelial cells respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Impaired insulin signalling was shared by neurovascular unit cells with, additionally, apoptotic pathway changes in astrocytes and dysregulation of advanced glycation end-product signalling in endothelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also consider important differences between COVID-19 and influenza, mainly the protean clinical presentation and associated lymphopenia of COVID-19, the contrasting role of interferon-γ in mediating the host immune response to these viruses, and the tropism for vascular endothelial cells of SARS-CoV-2, commenting on the potential limitations of influenza as a model for COVID-19. (ersjournals.com)
  • Specifically, we argue that the hypercoagulable and hyperinflammatory state of severe COVID-19 is a consequence of the expanded tropism of SARS-CoV-2, which allows it to infect vascular endothelial cells, and that cytokine storm physiology contributes to a lesser degree. (ersjournals.com)
  • conditioned moderate, irritation, senescence, chondrocytes Launch Osteoarthritis (OA) may be the most common joint disorder impacting maturing people [1]. (biotech2012.org)
  • The Combination of Resveratrol and Quercetin Attenuates Metabolic Syndrome in Rats by Modifying the Serum Fatty Acid Composition and by Upregulating SIRT 1 and SIRT 2 Expression in White Adipose Tissue - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. (qualitycounts.com)
  • The analysis of the Hif1α pathway in SDHD-ESR tissues and in two newly derived cell lines after complete SdhD loss -a requirement for hereditary paraganglioma type-1 tumor formation in humans- partially recapitulated the "pseudo-hypoxic" response and rendered inconsistent results. (ed.ac.uk)
  • This transcription factor is involved in the Wnt signaling pathway, and it may function in hair cell differentiation and follicle morphogenesis. (cancer-genetics.org)
  • The function of differentially expressed E2Fs and their neighboring genes were mainly linked to P53 signaling pathway, cell cycle, and oocyte meiosis. (fortunepublish.com)
  • Some fraction of senescent cells become senescent for good reasons, such as potentially cancerous mutations or other forms of damage that produce dysfunction. (fightaging.org)
  • Theoretically, it is possible upon the discovery of the exact mechanism of biological immortality to genetically engineer cells with the same capability. (wikipedia.org)
  • We describe a mathematical model of cell growth and death and explain how it can be used to integrate data from classic tissue culture experiments on antitumour agents and thus aid the identification of their mechanism of action. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Recently Krizhanovsky's laboratory discovered a novel mechanism of interaction of senescent cells with other cells that regulates the immune surveillance of senescent cells. (longevitynation.org)
  • The mechanism that limits cell division involves a structure called a telomere. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Our results revealed that each mutant tissue displayed different variations in their gene expression profiles affecting to different biological processes. (ed.ac.uk)
  • However, we found that the Cdkn1a gene was up-regulated in both tissues. (ed.ac.uk)
  • This gene encodes the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1), a factor implicated in cell cycle, senescence, and cancer. (ed.ac.uk)
  • The protein encoded by this gene can bind to a functionally important site in the T-cell receptor-alpha enhancer, thereby conferring maximal enhancer activity. (cancer-genetics.org)
  • This allows us to generate the first biologically-informed gene expression map of this leaf, with the entire developmental gradient from meristematic to fully differentiated cells captured. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The INK4b-ARF-INK4a tumour suppressor locus controls the balance between progenitor cell renewal and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immune cell infiltration level and immune-related functional scores were evaluated to assess the link between tumour microenvironment and UCK2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The two SDHD-ESR cell lines also showed accumulation of this protein. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Tau‐containing neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) accumulation is the closest correlate with cognitive decline and cell loss (Arriagada et al. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Splicing factor expression is known to be dysregulated in senescent cells of multiple lineages [ 2 ] and it is now well established that the accumulation of senescent cells is a direct cause of multiple aspects of both ageing and age-related disease in mammals [ 18 ]. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Alzheimer Disease Alzheimer disease is a progressive loss of mental function, characterized by degeneration of brain tissue, including loss of nerve cells, the accumulation of an abnormal protein called beta-amyloid. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In this review we connect the current understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle and host response to the clinical presentation of COVID-19, borrowing concepts from influenza A virus-induced ARDS pathogenesis and discussing how these ideas inform our evolving understanding of COVID-19-induced ARDS. (ersjournals.com)
  • After fertilization, blastomeres of the newly created embryo undergo global epigenetic changes and simultaneously initiate transcription from the zygotic genome and differentiation forming separate cell lineages. (ehu.eus)
  • During progenitor cell differentiation and ageing, PcG silencer EZH2 attenuates, causing loss of PRC binding and transcriptional activation of INK4b and INK4a . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Differentiation involves morphogenesis but also cell-appropriate organelle biogenesis programs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We conclude that the senescence, or pseudosenescence, observed is necessary to maintain tissue homeostasis following the injury. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Moreover, the biological factors that determine the tissue-specificity of these tumors have not been identified. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Ig-superfamily CADMs are involved in a wide range of biological processes and are critical for the development and functioning of various tissues and organs in the body. (pharmiweb.com)
  • An integrative biological approach to the analysis of tissue culture data: application to the antitumour agent RHPS4. (ox.ac.uk)
  • It is well known that telomere length in white blood cells is inversely correlated with age, implying that telomere length may serve as a biological clock to determine the lifespan of a cell and an organism [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • We speculate that the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to affect T-lymphocyte and myeloid cell physiology coupled with age-related maladaptive biological phenomena explain the strong association between advanced age and increased risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality. (ersjournals.com)
  • The cell forms the fundamental basis of all the biological sciences and life. (kopykitab.com)
  • Embryo morphology al ows options, the discovery of cell-free DNA in the evaluation of its growth, viability, and biological fluids has led to major advances in implantation capacity. (who.int)
  • While developmental senescence and acute senescence may positively contribute to the fine-tuning of embryogenesis and injury repair, chronic senescence, when unresolved promptly, plays a crucial role in kidney fibrogenesis and CKD progression. (frontiersin.org)
  • Excessive telomere shortening is observed in breast cancer lesions when compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues, suggesting that telomere length may represent a key biomarker for early cancer detection. (oncotarget.com)
  • This disease impacts all joint tissues and is characterized by progressive cartilage degradation, synovitis, abnormal subchondral bone remodeling, and osteophyte formation [ 2 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • UCK2 promoted cell cycle progression of HCC by preventing the degradation of mTOR protein and maintaining the stability of PDPK1 mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The worldwide shortage of donor organs and drawbacks of surgical methods have created significant challenges in repairing and replacing diseased or damaged tissues and organs. (edu.au)
  • Ig-superfamily CADMs are involved in mediating cell-to-cell adhesion, helping cells stick together and form tissues and organs. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Leaves are the primary photosynthetic organs, within which mesophyll cells differentiate to become chloroplast-filled. (biomedcentral.com)
  • How well organs function depends on how well the cells within them function. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Also, in some organs, cells die and are not replaced, so the number of cells decreases. (msdmanuals.com)
  • However, not all organs lose a large number of cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We integrate spatial information of wound field patterning with a temporal analysis of tissue damage on transient and chronic time scales. (uni-freiburg.de)
  • Background: During atherosclerotic plaque development, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) undergo dedifferentiation, resulting in a synthetic, les. (concordia.ca)
  • For example, AgeX is developing a therapy intended to treat type 2 diabetes by replacing lost brown fat cells . (globalcitizencap.com)
  • Lastly, we will explore the current therapeutic approaches and challenges in targeting senescence. (frontiersin.org)
  • These effects on brain cells potentially contribute to a diabetic dementia, and may provide novel approaches for therapeutic intervention. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With this background information as a foundation, we then discuss each of the key questions in relation to the upcoming therapeutic trial and critically assess if the time is ripe for clinical translation of parthenogenetic stem cell technology in Parkinson's disease. (lu.se)
  • Cells can also be induced to senesce by DNA damage in response to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of oncogenes, and cell-cell fusion. (wikipedia.org)
  • The DNA damage response (DDR) arrests cell cycle progression until DNA damage, such as double-strand breaks (DSBs), are repaired. (wikipedia.org)
  • The initiation and development of tumor cell is accompanied by elevated stresses, such as oncogene activation, DNA damage, genome instability, and reprogrammed tumor metabolism. (nature.com)
  • The conditioning-induced damage of recipients' tissues leads to danger signal secretion [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are broad-based treatments which attack the bulk of cancer cells but also damage healthy tissue. (theconversation.com)
  • This study determines the profile of amino acids from fibroblast cells exposed to PM2.5, providing new insight into the damage to skin cells from atmospheric pollution. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition to its contribution to small and large vessel disease, T2D may directly damage cells of the brain neurovascular unit. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Other triggers include an excess number of cells and possibly damage to a cell. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sometimes damage to a cell directly causes its death. (msdmanuals.com)