Tissue homeostasis stem cell differentiation. Medical search. Frequent questions

The proliferation and differentiation of adult stem cells must be tightly balanced to avoid excessive proliferation or premature differentiation. (sdbonline.org)
performed in vivo lineage tracing studies to determine that expression of the keratin 15 promoter distinguishes a distinct basal stem cell population that is capable of self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation into squamous-lineage cells. (jci.org)
Local factors, including transcription factors such as SRY-box 9 protein (SOX9), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), along with signaling pathways such as the Wnt pathway, play critical roles in chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. (pfmjournal.org)
In terms of homeostasis, cell division, proliferation and differentiation are strictly controlled and a balance exists between normal cell birth and the natural cell death. (vin.com)

The project will focus on investigating through which mechanisms senescent cells induce pluripotency (I), how such a persistent lock of stemness can impair tissue regeneration (II) and how this may affect tumor therapy resistance (III). (uu.nl)
Tissue regeneration relies on faithful differentiation of stem cells. (uu.nl)
In healthy cells, we hypothesize that SASP factors prevent differentiation of tissue stem cells and thereby impair tissue rejuvenation (de Keizer Trend Mol Med 2017) Together, this calls for investigation on how senescent and stem cells interact and how mitigation of their negative interplay may improve tissue regeneration during aging and affect migration of therapy-resistant cancer. (uu.nl)
Consequently, PLDL and PDL seemed to be promising scaffold candidates for odontogenic regeneration at least as HA-TCP, when they were applied with the DPSC induced for odontogenic differentiation. (scielo.br)
Although different stem cells, morphogens and scaffolds can be combined to simulate natural odontogenic regeneration, it is crucial to determine which options most closely replicate the characteristics of human dental tissues. (scielo.br)
Cell transplantation studies were performed in mice with drug-induced acute liver failure to elicit benefits in hepatic support and tissue regeneration. (elsevierpure.com)
During this rescue, paracrine factors from transplanted cells contributed in stimulating liver regeneration. (elsevierpure.com)
The Hilgendorf Lab studies how molecular mechanisms regulate adult stem cell expansion and differentiation to ensure proper tissue homeostasis, expansion, and regeneration. (utah.edu)
The esophageal epithelium experiences a high rate of cellular renewal that supports rapid tissue regeneration in response to injury. (jci.org)
Although wild-type mice displayed normal morphology 15 days after injury, tissue regeneration remained incomplete in mice lacking keratin 15 + cells. (jci.org)
Further, Krt15 + cells were radioresistant and contributed to esophageal epithelial regeneration following radiation-induced injury. (jci.org)
Following the expansion of stem cell therapy using autologous MSC for tissue regeneration [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Likewise, the knowledge of stem cell biology is crucial to the development of stem cell therapies, based on tissue engineering applied to dentistry, seeking the regeneration of dental tissues damaged or lost by caries, trauma or genetic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Therapies based on the application of stem cells have great potential in the prevention and treatment of several diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, spinal cord injuries, neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and in the regeneration of various tissues and organs. (bvsalud.org)
To address this and to also study the oncogenic potential of unregulated function of dominant regulators of epithelial homeostasis noted above, we developed Multi-Functional Human Tissue Genetics noted above which, when combined with skin tissue regeneration on immune deficient mice, has permitted the molecular reconstruction of events sufficient to trigger human cancer. (stanford.edu)
The course begins with perspectives on cell plasticity and re-programming, and how regeneration functions. (lu.se)

First identified in embryonic stem cells, SEs mediate pluripotent state maintenance by promoting the expression of pluripotent identity genes, including Oct4 , Sox2 , Nanog and Klf4 . (nature.com)
MSCs have limited pluripotency and capacity for cell differentiation compared to embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (biomedcentral.com)
According to their potentiality, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are classified as totipotent and pluripotent, both of them can differentiate into the three germ lines. (biomedcentral.com)

The differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to committed fates such as neurons, muscle and liver is a powerful approach for understanding key parameters of human development and disease. (nih.gov)
To determine mechanisms in these stage-specific lineage interactions, we modeled potential effects of soluble signals derived from immortalized human fetal liver parenchymal cells on stem cells, including embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. (elsevierpure.com)
We concluded that hepatic differentiation of pluripotent stem cells with metabolomics products will be significant for developing therapies. (elsevierpure.com)
Bandi, S , Tchaikovskaya, T & Gupta, S 2019, ' Hepatic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells by developmental stage-related metabolomics products ', Differentiation , vol. 105, pp. 54-70. (elsevierpure.com)
1994). Furthermore, LOX participates in the dedication of pluripotent stem cells towards the adipocyte lineage (Huang et al. (exposed-skin-care.net)
In this research, we generate differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) from mouse pluripotent stem cells (mPSCs) analyzing their morphological, genetic, phenotypic, and spectroscopic characteristics along differentiation, highlighting that there are no reports of the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize the directed differentiation of mPSCs to DKCs. (biomedcentral.com)
StemJournal and StemBook collaborate with Stem Cell COREdinates to validate new and current protocols encompassing various methods to generate, edit and differentiate induced pluripotent stem cells into various lineages. (stemjnl.org)

CD44, a cell surface glycoprotein, plays a crucial role in the adhesion, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
The Hippo kinase pathway is emerging as a conserved signaling pathway that controls cell proliferation, apoptosis, contact inhibition, cell migration, cell differentiation, stem cell self-renewal, genetic stability, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (oncotarget.com)
were the first to assess nanoparticle-like exosomes released from trophoblasts and determine the functional activity of trophoblast exosomes in human uterine spiral artery remodeling by inducing vascular smooth muscle cell migration for successful pregnancy [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to their efficient lipid-lowering effects, statins exhibit independent so called pleiotropic effects potentially affecting several immune response properties including immune cell activation, migration, cytokine generation, immune metabolism, and survival. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
In stratified epithelia proliferative basal cells adherent to the underlying basement membrane undergo cell cycle arrest then outward migration and terminal differentiation. (stanford.edu)
Normal colonic epithelium is organized in crypts where cell proliferation, migration, differentiation and apoptosis are topographically organized in a linear fashion along the crypt axis. (academicconcepts.net)
Normal colonic crypts are composed of stem cells at the base, a proliferation and a differentiation zone in the lower third of the crypt, a migration zone in the upper two-thirds , and the surface epithelium where senescent cells are eliminated by apoptosis. (academicconcepts.net)
We will further ask whether tension across cadherin complexes regulate epidermal adhesive and tensile strength and drive epidermal self-renewal, differentiation and intercellular migration. (spp1782.de)

Mesenchymal stem cell medium was used in the control groups. (scielo.br)
Human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hDP-MSCs), which include human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), are promising cell sources for regenerative therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are stromal cells that have two key features, self-renewal and the ability to differentiate along different lineages [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In stem cells exposed to signals from fetal cells, mechanistic gene networks of upstream regulators decreased pluripotency, while simultaneously inducing mesenchymal and epithelial properties. (elsevierpure.com)
Researchers from the West Virginia University School of Medicine demonstrate that osteoblasts-derived (Os-Exo) and adipocytes-derived (Ad-Exo) exosomes contain instructive factors that regulate the lineage specification of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). (exosome-rna.com)
As the major cell precursors in osteogenesis, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are indispensable for bone homeostasis and development. (nature.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show trilineage differentiation because these cells differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. (nature.com)
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are therapeutic for clinical applications because of their excellent immunomodulatory and multiple lineage differentiation abilities at tissue injury sites. (biomedcentral.com)

While reduced ROS Level promotes radioresistance and EMT phenotype of cancer stem cells, Notch signaling interacts with cellular metabolism to promote breast cancer stem cell. (wikipedia.org)
microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory molecules in cellular processes including cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Oxford has over 150 research groups across the city specialising in molecular, cellular, tissue and tissue-level processes that underpin health, disease and all life as we know it. (ox.ac.uk)
The field of cell biology & tissue physiology is the study of how different molecules, cells and extra-cellular components contribute to the behaviour of cells and tissues. (ox.ac.uk)
The population of MSC in human tissues is insufficient, and obtaining a high cellular yield and maintaining biological capacity during in vitro expansion remains challenging [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we describe a cellular microbiaxial stretching (CμBS) method that modifies this tissue-scale approach to measure the anisotropic elastic behavior of individual vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with nativelike cytoarchitecture. (asme.org)
Normal killer T-cell cytotoxicity ENMD-2076 t Of breast cancer targets is by two unique mechanisms surveilance old K Entire body surveilance-Dependent cytotoxicity t Re Improves cellular communication LFA towards t 3 and HER2/neu. (mirnamimics.com)
Growth, metabolism, and differentiation of chondrocytes, which are the key cellular players in this process, are regulated by systemic hormones, local factors, and cellular signaling pathways. (pfmjournal.org)
If we consider the body as a multi-cellular unit, then cells within this unit form part of a specialized society that cooperates to promote survival of the organism. (vin.com)
In simple terms, cancer can be considered as a breakdown in cellular homeostasis leading to uncontrolled cell division and proliferation, which ultimately leads to a disease state. (vin.com)
Tissue formation requires the coordination of forces across cells and tissue boundaries to drive cellular rearrangements. (spp1782.de)
These newly available materials led to compelling evidence that the physical cellular environment is far from inert, but acts as a biological and mechanical signal to regulate cell-type specific function, differentiation, and morphology 1 . (mimetas.com)

This microenvironment provides these cells with a physical anchoring site, a process mediated by adhesion molecules, components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and factors secreted by stromal cells. (wikipedia.org)
Microenvironmental milieu consists of two essential components, one being extracellular matrix (ECM) as the substratum, while the other being cell secreted exosomes and growth factors. (exosome-rna.com)
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) activity, which governs extracellular matrix maturation, is vital for cells fibrosis. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Here, we demonstrated a preconditioning strategy with trophoblast stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (TSC-EVs) to boost the proliferation and regenerative capacity of MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
A recent study supports the pivotal role of trophoblast exosomes in that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from TSCs promote fertility by regulating endometrial cell receptivity [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
At these sites, which are a compound of stromal cells, extracellular matrix and soluble factors, complex molecular interactions that maintain the essential properties of stem cells occur, such as self-renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages, according to the organism's needs. (bvsalud.org)
The stress in a cell due to extracellular mechanical stimulus is determined by its mechanical properties, and the structural organization of many adherent cells suggests that their properties are anisotropic. (asme.org)
These factors regulate gene expression, cell differentiation, and extracellular matrix synthesis. (pfmjournal.org)
Cells in vivo experience a complex, three-dimensional environment that exposes them to circulating molecules, neighboring cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). (mimetas.com)
Amyloidosis is a clinical disorder caused by extracellular and/or intracellular deposition of insoluble abnormal amyloid fibrils that alter the normal function of tissues. (medscape.com)

To that end, novel engineering and systems biology approaches have allowed for the investigation of the biological and mechanical stimuli that govern stem cell fate. (ca.gov)
These results establish the presence of a long-lived and indispensable Krt15 + progenitor cell population that provides additional perspective on esophageal epithelial biology and the widely prevalent diseases that afflict this epithelium. (jci.org)
This requires a detailed understanding of genetics, epigenetics, genome integrity, metabolism, exosomes, stem cells, tissue physiology and early-stage cancer biology, how these features relate to each other and their contribution to healthy and diseased states. (ox.ac.uk)
With this information, novel single-cell technologies and chemical biology can be applied to the development of new treatments in a way that targets epigenetic mechanisms. (ox.ac.uk)
This highlights the crucial choice of cell model systems when studying epigenetic control in cancer biology and stem cell biology. (biomedcentral.com)
However, further studies are required to gain complete understanding of stem cell biology, which is fundamental for the development of successful cell-based therapies 1-3 . (bvsalud.org)
StemJournal is an international, multidisciplinary, open access forum for communicating outstanding stem cell research, including basic biology, clinical applications, disease modeling, computational and systems biology, and data science. (stemjnl.org)
Welcome to the website of StemJournal , a vehicle for communicating outstanding stem cell research, including basic biology, clinical applications, disease modeling, computational and systems biology, and data science. (stemjnl.org)
I am currently a Senior Scientist for Stem Cell Biology and Gene Engineering at the Coriell Institute for Medical Research. (coriell.org)
The course covers stem cell biology and regenerative medicine with a focus on the stem cell research areas that are particularly strong at Lund University. (lu.se)

The findings of this systematic review support the potential application of the specific miRNAs to regulate the directed differentiation of hDP-MSCs in the field of regenerative therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
Differences in metabolic processes in normal and cancer cells (e.g. hypoxia - low oxygen) present opportunities for targeted therapies, but can also interfere with standard treatments such as radiotherapy. (ox.ac.uk)
However, insufficient number of cells and lack of regenerative properties during in vitro expansion still limit the clinical applicability of MSC therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
The course covers complications from dysfunctional stem cells in connection with stem cell therapies and tissue engineering, and highlights the legal and ethical issues surrounding stem cell research. (lu.se)

Breast cancer stem cells establish their cell identity by expressing unique pattern of proteins and surface markers as fingerprints. (wikipedia.org)
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), known as active components of odontogenic differentiation and tooth development, have been used as a growth factor in an appropriate medium. (scielo.br)
Disrupting any component in this pathway led to disrupted SD on the cell surface and intracellular accumulation of mislocalized SD proteins. (sdbonline.org)
Activation domains influence the way proteins interact with the trancription apparatus of the cell (Dawson, 1995). (sdbonline.org)
Unexpectedly, differentiation-inducing soluble signals constituted metabolomics products and not proteins. (elsevierpure.com)
ECM of differentiated cells modulates phenotypic expression of stem cells, while their exosomes contain phenotype specific instructive factors (miRNA, RNA and proteins) that control stem cell differentiation. (exosome-rna.com)
Oxford research strives to understand how epigenetic information in a cell is stored in the form of chemical modifications within its DNA, RNA and histone proteins, as well as how modifications can ultimately impact biological processes and lead to cancer. (ox.ac.uk)
In fact, by mass, the most abundant proteins in our bodies are ECM proteins - the nonliving material outside of our cells that provides a physical scaffold, barrier, and mechanical and biological signaling. (mimetas.com)
These proteins either arise from proteins expressed by cells at the deposition site (localized), or they precipitate systemically after production at a local site (systemic). (medscape.com)

Her research identified conserved mechanisms of cell fate determination in mammalian brain progenitors and led to a paradigm shift in understanding how brain progenitor cells self-renew and differentiate. (stanford.edu)
The mechanisms for cell fate decisions in the human brain are largely unknown. (stanford.edu)
By using patient-derived cells from brain surgeries, we investigate cell fate decision mechanisms in the normal brain and in brain malignancies. (stanford.edu)
Nevertheless, a lack of knowledge relating to the mechanisms regulating their differentiation has limited their clinical application. (biomedcentral.com)
The differentiation mechanisms involving metabolomics products could have an impact on advancing recruitment of stem/progenitor cells during tissue homeostasis. (elsevierpure.com)
A major focus of the lab is studying the molecular mechanisms regulating fat tissue, and how obesity-driven changes lead to co-morbidities, such as diabetes and cancer. (utah.edu)
There are a multitude of mechanisms in place to maintain the controlled cell division which underpin healthy multicellular life. (ox.ac.uk)
In contrast, regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a cardinal role in protecting against autoimmune diseases, inflammation and tissue damage 13 through secretion of IL-10 (ref. 14 ) and other mechanisms. (nature.com)
This study reported that Nam reduced CD4 + T cell infiltration and demyelination 24 , but failed to identify the protective mechanisms of action. (nature.com)
However, the primary mechanisms regulating osteogenic differentiation are controversial. (nature.com)
Although many related studies have been performed, differences in cell lines, experimental conditions and downstream mechanisms have generally resulted in contradictory findings. (nature.com)
To understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms of this fundamental process, we investigated how the tissue-specific transcription factors, CEBPA and CEBPE, coordinate cell cycle exit and lineage-specification in vivo during granulocytic differentiation. (regionh.dk)
Research in G&E labs is broadly focused on the fundamental genetic, epigenetic, and genomic mechanisms that control cell growth and differentiation, and that cause cancer and other human diseases. (uth.edu)
Epigenetic control of gene expression lasts through multiple cell divisions without alterations in primary DNA sequence and can occur via mechanisms that include histone modification and DNA methylation. (stanford.edu)
This is because evolution has allowed the development of many fail-safe mechanisms within the cell that react to DNA damage by arresting the cell cycle (to allow repair) or allowing the cell to die naturally. (vin.com)
Together, the experiments proposed will likely contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which cadherin/catenin mechanosensing control the morphogenesis and homeostasis of stratifying epithelia. (spp1782.de)

Many cell fate decisions in higher animals are based on intercellular communication governed by the Notch signaling pathway. (sdbonline.org)

Pathways that play key roles in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis have also been implicated in driving the phenotype of BCSCs. (wikipedia.org)
Dysregulation of the Notch and Hedgehog pathways, which regulate normal stem cell differentiation and self-renewal, is one such example. (wikipedia.org)
KEGG pathway analysis revealed MAPK, PI3K-Akt and FoxO as key signaling pathways involved in the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes of the E(spl)-C and AS-C regulate neurogenesis and related differentiation pathways. (sdbonline.org)
We are very interested in how the primary cilium senses and organizes signal transduction pathways to regulate stem cell fate. (utah.edu)
My laboratory studies signal transduction pathways regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and differentiation as well as drug resistance of hematological malignancies. (coriell.org)
Although HSCs are the most well-characterized tissue-specific stem cells, our understanding of the molecular pathways that control HSC maintenance and function is still limited. (coriell.org)

abstract = "Instructive materials are expected to revolutionize stem cell based tissue engineering. (abo.fi)

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving procedure for treatment of malignant and non-malignant disorders and is usually a last resort for those with no other treatment options available. (coriell.org)

During liver development, cytokines released from various cell types are critical for stem/progenitor cell differentiation and lineage expansions. (elsevierpure.com)
Herein, we have described a long-lived progenitor cell population in the mouse esophageal epithelium that is characterized by expression of keratin 15 ( Krt15 ). (jci.org)
Conclusions, Our findings of differential follicular localization of stem cells underscore follicular progenitor cell heterogeneity and suggest the target in scarring alopecia is not merely follicular bulge stem cells but involves stem cells in the inner and outer aspect of the ORS. (academicconcepts.net)

In addition, in vitro assays validated that these cells displayed increased motility and invasiveness. (wikipedia.org)
Dr. Petritsch is an expert in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and cancer stem cells, and her team's emphasis is on intra-tumoral heterogeneity, in vitro and in vivo cancer model development, and tumor-immune interactions. (stanford.edu)
The odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells on nanofibrous poly(L-lactic acid) scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. (scielo.br)
The in vitro replication of these in vivo microenvironments will be necessary for the application of stem cells for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine purposes. (ca.gov)
Moreover, the use of these engineering approaches to construct in vitro stem cell microenvironments that precisely control stem cell fate and function will be reviewed. (ca.gov)
Understanding how stem cells behave in the niche is extremely important in order to extract these cells from their natural habitat, expand them in vitro and transplant the stem cells back to the patient, to repair and/or regenerate tissues and organs, with no risks to the individual's integrity. (bvsalud.org)
The latter encompass human skin regenerated on immune deficient mice as well as organotypic constructs with epithelial and stromal cells embedded within architecturally faithful mesenchyma in vitro. (stanford.edu)
Along with microfluidic or organ-on-a-chip systems , 3D cell culture offers researchers an unparalleled ability to recreate physiological compositions and spatial arrangements of cells in vitro . (mimetas.com)

Proper cell fate decisions by neuroglia stem cells are critical for growing the cell lineages that form the brain during development and to maintain adult brain homeostasis. (stanford.edu)
Cell fate decisions within these hierarchical brain cell lineages are tightly controlled and irreversible: e.g. cells in the state of differentiation will not turn into progenitor cells or stem cells. (stanford.edu)
This is especially true for malignant glioma cells, which simultaneously express markers of different lineages and states exhibiting incomplete differentiation. (stanford.edu)
Defects in cell fate control could explain many key defects present in brain tumors Of special emphasis, we study the establishment of cell fates within normal hierarchical brain lineages for comparison to the dysregulated cell-fate hierarchies seen in brain tumors. (stanford.edu)
hsa-miR-221 and hsa-miR-124 promoted and hsa-miR-140-5p inhibited neuronal differentiation, hsa-miR-26a-5p promoted and hsa-miR-424 suppressed angiogenic differentiation, and hsa-miR-135 and hsa-miR-143 inhibited differentiation within myogenic lineages. (biomedcentral.com)
Regarding vibrational spectroscopy analysis by FTIR, bands related with biomolecules were shown on mPSCs and DKCs spectra, observing distinct differences between cell lineages and maturation stages. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic or adult SCs by definition are characterized by their self-renewal and potentiality, peculiarities that allow them to give rise to more SCs and differentiate into various cell lineages under appropriate conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
HSCs are able to self-renew and differentiate into all blood cell lineages. (coriell.org)

miRNAs involved in odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation were then included in a bioinformatic analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
Thirteen miRNAs promoted and 17 suppressed odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
hsa-miR-140-5p, hsa-miR-218 and hsa-miR-143 were more frequently reported suppressing the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)

Sonoyama W, Yamaza T, Gronthos S, Shi S. Multipotent stem cells in dental pulp. (scielo.br)
Differentiation of multipotent stem cells into mature cells is fundamental for development and homeostasis of mammalian tissues, and requires the coordinated induction of lineage-specific transcriptional programs and cell cycle withdrawal. (regionh.dk)

We have observed that senescent cells are often flanked by cells that are in a state of pluripotency. (uu.nl)

Our research focuses on characterising the stem and progenitor cells that build the hypothalamus and characterising the molecular networks that direct hypothalamic morphogenesis, growth and differentiation. (sheffield.ac.uk)
Fu T, Towers M & Placzek M (2017) Fgf10(+) progenitors give rise to the chick hypothalamus by rostral and caudal growth and differentiation. . (sheffield.ac.uk)

For identifying lineage conversion and maturation, we utilized conventional assays of cell morphology, gene expression analysis and lineage markers. (elsevierpure.com)
Lineage specification is an essential process in stem cell fate, tissue homeostasis and development. (exosome-rna.com)
Microenvironmental cues provide direct and selective extrinsic signals to regulate lineage specification of stem cells. (exosome-rna.com)
Kinetic and differentiation analyses indicate that both osteoblast and adipocyte exosomes augment ECM-mediated differentiation of hMSCs into the respective lineage. (exosome-rna.com)
The combination of osteoblast/adipocyte ECM and exosomes turned-on the lineage specific gene expressions at earlier time points of differentiation compared to the respective ECM or exosomes administered individually. (exosome-rna.com)
Genetic in vivo lineage tracing revealed that the Krt15 promoter marks a long-lived basal cell population able to self-renew, proliferate, and generate differentiated cells, consistent with a progenitor/stem cell population. (jci.org)
Likewise, these cells give rise to progenitor cells committed to a particular cell lineage, and play a crucial role in tissue repair and homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)
We demonstrate that CEBPA promotes lineage-specification by launching an enhancer-primed differentiation program and direct activation of CEBPE expression. (regionh.dk)

The stratified organization of the epithelium restricts proliferative cells to the basal layer, and these cells must migrate toward the lumen as they differentiate. (jci.org)
The esophageal lumen is lined by a stratified squamous epithelium comprised of proliferative basal cells that differentiate while migrating toward the luminal surface and eventually desquamate. (jci.org)
Dental pulp stem cells have been isolated from deciduous and permanent teeth and have the potential to self-renew and differentiate. (bvsalud.org)
ESCs are obtained from inner cell mass, characterized by unlimited self-renewal and pluripotentiality, which allow them to differentiate into various specialized cells types in a morphologically and functionally way, characteristics that make them attractive for developing differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
EPCs are primarily identified by the expression of cell-surface antigenic markers, including CD133, CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), and have the ability to differentiate into mature cells with an endothelial phenotype [2]. (nutriforce.cn)
In response to tumor-secreted cytokines, EPCs mobilize from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood, home to the tumor site, and differentiate to mature endothelial cells and secrete proangiogenic factors to facilitate vascularization of tumors. (nutriforce.cn)

The aggressive progression and recurrence of this disease has been attributed the presence of a subset of tumor cells known as breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). (wikipedia.org)
These cells possess the abilities of self-renewal and tumor initiation, allowing them to be drivers of metastases and tumor growth. (wikipedia.org)
The production of cytokines allows these cells to escape from the primary tumor and travel through the circulation to distant organs, commencing the process of metastasis. (wikipedia.org)
For example, it has been shown that CD44+/CD24- tumor cells in the breast primary tumors associated with the presence of distance metastases. (wikipedia.org)
We therefore work to gain an understanding of how brain cells control the fate of their progeny, whereby we unravel novel points of vulnerabilities in brain tumor cells, that could be exploited therapeutically. (stanford.edu)
It is known that brain tumor cells, on the other hand, defy many general principles of neurobiology. (stanford.edu)
Tumor cell hierarchies are poorly understood, providing no explanation for why tumor cells with stem-like, progenitor-like, and differentiated features co-exist and interact with normal brain cells and immune-infiltrating cells within a single tumor entity, and how this heterogeneity relates to the lack of active immune infiltration. (stanford.edu)
However, tumor cells have capacity of developing resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. (drtaheriazam.com)
SOX2 promotes stemness of tumor cells and increases the number of cancer stem cells. (drtaheriazam.com)
Autophagy is a molecular "self-digestion" mechanism its function can be pro-survival or pro-death in tumor cells. (drtaheriazam.com)
The treatment of HCC depends on the identification of oncogenic factors that lead tumor cells to develop resistance to therapy. (drtaheriazam.com)
Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling promotes glucose uptake, favors glycolysis and increases tumor cell proliferation. (drtaheriazam.com)
Furthermore, while overexpression of ITCH expression in breast cells is associated with increased incidence of mammary tumor formation and progression, its knockdown inhibited breast cancer cell tumorigenicity and metastasis. (oncotarget.com)
Blood vessel formation plays an essential role in many physiologic and pathologic processes, including normal tissue growth and healing, as well as tumor progression. (nutriforce.cn)
It regulates HLA class I and induces apoptosis in HER2/neu beneficial tumor cell lines. (mirnamimics.com)
Notch signaling cascades crosstalk with fibroblast growth factor and WNT signaling cascades in the tumor microenvironment to maintain cancer stem cells and remodel the tumor microenvironment. (spandidos-publications.com)
Up regulation of endoglin expression has been demonstrated in tumor vasculature and proliferating cells, suggesting that it is a proliferation associated endothelial marker. (thermofisher.com)

This process, known as Notch signaling, is crucial for maintaining the balance between cell proliferation, differentiation, and normal cell death. (case.edu)
The normal architecture of the crypt is maintained by a balance between cell proliferation at the base and apoptosis at the top of the crypt and surface epithelium. (academicconcepts.net)

A thicker vascular intima is a telltale sign of vascular atheroma formation, which is still at a sub-clinical stage of development, and involves the trans-differentiation of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and stem cells and the net uptake of large amounts of cholesterol by smooth muscle-like cells and macrophages. (fatsoflife.com)
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are a subtype of stem cells with high proliferative potential that are capable of differentiating into mature endothelial cells, thus contributing to neovascularization in tumors. (nutriforce.cn)
This 90 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer is expressed by vascular endothelial cells. (thermofisher.com)
CD105 or Endoglin is a Type I transmembrane protein, which is highly expressed on human vascular endothelial cells. (thermofisher.com)

hDP-MSCs includes human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) which are isolated from the pulp tissue of permanent and deciduous teeth, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)

The microenvironment in which these cells reside is filled with residential inflammatory cells that provide the needed signaling cues for BCSC-mediated self-renewal and survival. (wikipedia.org)
However, traditional reductionist approaches have only led to the generation of cell culture methods that poorly recapitulate the in vivo microenvironment. (ca.gov)
At the end of this study, we will gain a deeper and broader understanding of the mechanism by which epithelial HES1-loss disrupts epithelial homeostasis and orchestrates a pro-inflammatory and pro-carcinogenic microenvironment," said Zhou. (case.edu)

Under the grant, Zhou and her collaborating team will use a combination of approaches in mouse models and human tissue to study the carcinogenic transformation of colon epithelium (tissue that lines bodily organs) characterized by the loss of HES1, an important signaling molecule that regulates cell homeostasis and the differentiation of stem cells into specialized cells. (case.edu)
Recently, we reported that the ubiquitin E3 ligase ITCH negatively regulates LATS1, thereby increasing YAP activity, which leads to increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis. (oncotarget.com)
Exposure of macrophages to RvD1 switches their activity towards a less inflammatory state that is characteristic of a cell type that regulates a variety of processes necessary for orderly resolution. (fatsoflife.com)
We show that NAD + regulates CD4 + T-cell differentiation through tryptophan hydroxylase-1 ( Tph1 ), independently of well-established transcription factors. (nature.com)

Discovery and characterisation of a range of key epigenetic regulators of cell function (Yang Shi, Neil Brockdorff, Rob Klose). (ox.ac.uk)
Epigenetic changes in cells is one of the hallmarks of cancer. (ox.ac.uk)
Epigenetic control is essential for maintenance of tissue hierarchy and correct differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study we investigated the role of epigenetic regulation of CD133 in epithelial differentiation and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is a dynamic mechanism, which permits precise regulation throughout differentiation [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
3. Investigating the role of epigenetic regulation especially DNA methylation in HSC function and homeostasis. (coriell.org)
The function of histone modifying epigenetic regulators and noncoding RNA as central mediators of epithelial stem cell renewal and differentiation represent major emerging areas of study in the lab. (stanford.edu)

Our experimental focus is on the mammalian setting using multiomics, informatics, mouse genetics, human genetics, single cell studies, and new human tissue platforms. (stanford.edu)
Fundamental to our basic understanding of mammalian physiology is the concept of homeostasis. (vin.com)
The sphingomyelin that accumulates in the lysosomes of Niemann-Pick disease-affected cells is thought to arise from the degradation of the cells and their organelles because it is a major component of all mammalian cell membranes. (medscape.com)

Odontogenic capability: bone marrow stromal stem cells versus dental pulp stem cells. (scielo.br)
Hard tissue formation in a porous HA/TCP ceramic scaffold loaded with stromal cells derived from dental pulp and bone marrow. (scielo.br)

Our hypothesis is that HES1-loss disrupts epithelial homeostasis and causes increased inflammation that promotes transformation of serrated adenocarcinoma," said Zhou. (case.edu)

Dyskeratosis congenita is characterized by defective maintenance of blood, pulmonary tissue and epidermal tissues and is caused by mutations in genes controlling telomere homeostasis. (nih.gov)
The control of this transition from epithelial stem cell to differentiated corneocyte, which is abnormal in epidermal cancers, is not well understood. (stanford.edu)
We are currently pursuing studies of the dominant signaling and gene regulatory networks that control this process, including the Ras/MAPK cascade, which is required for stem cell-mediated self-renewal and the p53 transcription factor family member, p63, which is required for epidermal differentiation. (stanford.edu)
Skin malignancies, including epidermal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), alone account for nearly as many cancers as all other tissues combined. (stanford.edu)
In the present proposal we ask how cadherins control coordinated by cadherins and whether this is important for epidermal morphogenesis and homeostasis. (spp1782.de)

Transcriptional profiling demonstrated that Krt15 + basal cells are molecularly distinct from Krt15 - basal cells. (jci.org)
Moreover, differential methylation of CD133 was absent from both benign or malignant CD133 + /α 2 β 1 integrin hi prostate (stem) cells, when compared to CD133 - /α 2 β 1 integrin hi (transit amplifying) cells or CD133 - /α 2 β 1 integrin low (basal committed) cells, selected from primary epithelial cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
Indeed, CD133 + cells from human primary tissues represent a very small subpopulation (0.1-3.0% of the total prostatic epithelium) located in the basal compartment. (biomedcentral.com)
This process is mediated by 2 mutually exclusive programs of gene expression: 1) an undifferentiated program supporting proliferation by stem cells within the basal layer and 2) a differentiation program instructing growth arrest and differentiation-associated programmed cell death in suprabasal layers. (stanford.edu)
Self-renewal of basal stem cells is balanced with a spatiotemporal controlled differentiation program of their progeny. (spp1782.de)

Downregulated adipose tissue expression of browning genes with increased environmental temperatures. (medscape.com)

Unlike the other E(spl)-C genes, the gene is expressed within neuronal cells in the embryo. (sdbonline.org)
Gene expression profiling and comparison of regulatory networks in immature and mature hepatocytes revealed stem cell-derived hepatocytes represented early fetal-like stage. (elsevierpure.com)
CD133 is tightly regulated by DNA methylation only in cell lines, where promoter methylation and gene expression inversely correlate. (biomedcentral.com)
Subsequently, CEBPE confers promoter-driven cell cycle exit by sequential repression of MYC target gene expression at the G1/S transition and E2F-meditated G2/M gene expression, as well as by the up-regulation of Cdk1/2/4 inhibitors. (regionh.dk)
These findings highlight how tissue-specific transcription factors coordinate cell cycle exit with differentiation through the use of distinct gene regulatory elements. (regionh.dk)

This study was designed to determine the in vivo performance of three different materials as scaffolds for dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) undergoing induced odontogenic differentiation. (scielo.br)
Tissue stem cells are restricted to the α 2 β 1 integrin hi population, have a high colony-forming ability and proliferative potential, and are able to regenerate fully differentiated prostate epithelium in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
The scaffold is biocompatible, supports muscle stem cell differentiation and cell-seeded scaffolds are vascularized in vivo upon transplantation on the chorioallantoic membrane of chicken embryos. (abo.fi)
Enhanced expression of nestin in the infundibular region in scarring alopecia indicates availability of an accessible, in vivo niche of potential utility as an autologous source of stem cells for therapeutic application. (academicconcepts.net)
Meanwhile, 3D cell culture systems feature increased complexity for increased faithfulness to the in vivo environment. (mimetas.com)

Her postdoctoral studies on neural stem cells and asymmetric cell division in the Lab of Dr. Yuh Nung Jan at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and University of San Francisco, California implied for the first time a minus-end directed myosin in the process of cell fate determination. (stanford.edu)
During two years as an instructor and head of a research group in Munich, Germany, Dr. Petritsch and her team showed that cell fate determinants use a bimodal mechanism (diffusion and active capturing) for proper intracellular location. (stanford.edu)
We think that defective cell fate decisions fuel the intra-humoral heterogeneity and plasticity that makes treatment of human brain tumors so challenging. (stanford.edu)
Within each of these microenvironments, a myriad of chemical and physical stimuli interact in a complex (synergistic or antagonistic) manner to tightly regulate stem cell fate. (ca.gov)
Endogenous cell signals regulate tissue homeostasis and are significant for directing the fate of stem cells. (elsevierpure.com)
WNT signals are transduced to the canonical pathway for cell fate determination, and to the noncanonical pathway for control of cell movement and tissue polarity. (aacrjournals.org)
It plays a crucial role in preserving the hierarchical structure of tissues and is involved in maintaining stemness and fate determination of adult stem cells [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Proper regulation of this balance is instrumental to tissue repair and homeostasis, and any imbalance can potentially lead to diseases such as cancer. (ca.gov)

These new models, which we term Multi-Functional Human Tissue Genetics, allow up to 10 alleles or more to be altered simultaneously, permitting genetic experiments with an unprecedented degree of rapidity and complexity. (stanford.edu)

and regulation of stem cell differentiation. (nih.gov)
Stem cell specificity is maintained by tight regulation of CD133 expression at both transcriptional and post-translational levels. (biomedcentral.com)
Significantly, in both benign and malignant prostate primary tissues, regulation of CD133 is independent of DNA methylation, but is under the dynamic control of chromatin condensation. (biomedcentral.com)

There is mounting evidence to support the hypothesis that cancers can retain the hierarchical structure present in normal tissues, but that homeostasis is disrupted, leading to aberrant replication and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
As in normal tissues, a small percentage of cancer cells can persist and initiate new tumour growth (tumour-initiating cells or cancer stem cells - CSCs), while most cells proceed to terminal differentiation [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

As many stem cell cues have adverse effects on normal tissue homeostasis, there is a need to develop bioactive scaffolds which offer locally retained and cell-targeted drug delivery for intracellular release in targeted cell populations. (abo.fi)
The scaffold is a step towards instructive biomaterials for local control of stem cell differentiation, and tissue formation supported by vascularization and without adverse effects on the homeostasis of adjacent tissues due to diffusion of biological cues. (abo.fi)
With these environmental cues in mind, biologists have developed more physiologically accurate methods for culturing cells and tissues, including new media formulations and co-culture techniques. (mimetas.com)
Additional advances in technology, including microfluidics and engineered synthetic ECM hydrogels, have furthered our understanding of the mechanical and microenvironmental cues that govern cell behavior 2,3 . (mimetas.com)

Recent evidence indicates that circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), a population of bone marrow-derived cells, have an important role in the process of vascular repair, by promoting re-endothelialization following vascular injury [1]. (nutriforce.cn)
Circulating, bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were first described 8 years ago, yet the exact nature of these endothelial precursor cells remains unclear. (nutriforce.cn)
Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to tumour angiogenesis. (nutriforce.cn)
Endothelial progenitor cells (purple circles) arise in the bone marrow as CD34+CD133+VEGFR2+ cells. (nutriforce.cn)
These cells are induced to leave the bone marrow and enter the vasculature by circulating angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). (nutriforce.cn)
Circulating bone-marrow-derived cells, named endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), are capable of maintaining, generating, and replacing terminally differentiated cells within their own specific tissue as a consequence of physiological cell turnover or tissue damage due to injury. (nutriforce.cn)

Using the Drosophila nephrocyte as a genetic screen platform, most genes involved in endocytosis and cell trafficking were screened, and the key components were identified of the cell trafficking pathway required for SD protein endocytosis and recycling. (sdbonline.org)
The expression patterns suggest that both genes are under the same regulatory control as are the E(spl) bHLH genes and thus, might play a part in Notch mediated cell differentiation. (sdbonline.org)
Composed of multiple constituent enhancers, super enhancers (SEs) are powerful cis-regulatory elements that identify genes that ensure sequential differentiation. (nature.com)
By contrast, somatic alterations in the genes encoding Notch signaling components drive various types of human cancer, such as breast cancer, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) ( 6 - 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

As many as 15 percent of all colorectal cancers start from serrated adenoma polyps with dysplasia (cells that look distinctively abnormal under the microscope). (case.edu)
As cancer is a disease driven by abnormal cell division, expertise in this field is crucial in understanding tumour initiation, development and response to therapy. (ox.ac.uk)
Today cancer can be defined as any malignant growth or tumour caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division, able to invade tissues locally and have the ability to spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream. (vin.com)

The inflammatory response may be unrestrained and too intense, with neutrophils damaging the inflamed tissue, or even triggering a systemic overactivation, with multiple organs being compromised in their function. (fatsoflife.com)
This is particularly important in organs where cells are in a constant rate of renewal during the entire lifespan. (academicconcepts.net)
In these organs, cell number homeostasis is the direct consequence of a bal-ance between cell proliferation and apoptosis. (academicconcepts.net)
During the following weeks, stem cells are studied from different perspectives i.e. focusing on different stem cell niches and their organs. (lu.se)

CD133 is a marker for adult stem cells in various tissues and tumour types. (biomedcentral.com)

Short telomeres, a hallmark of dyskeratosis congenita, impair tissue stem cell function in mouse models, indicating that a tissue stem cell defect may underlie the pathophysiology of dyskeratosis congenita. (nih.gov)

aux depletion leads to excessive ISC proliferation and midgut homeostasis disruption, which is unlikely caused by defective Notch signaling. (sdbonline.org)
Inflammation is the organ and system response that puts tissues in a state of alert, in order to defend their integrity against infection and physical disruption. (fatsoflife.com)
and ii) pro-resolving mediators that limit the extent of the activity of the pro-inflammatory mediators and actively shut down inflammatory responses when metabolic and physical disruption has abated, and there is no more infectious material present anymore, and thus allow and actively promote tissue repair. (fatsoflife.com)

This systematic review aims to provide a panel of miRNAs that regulate the differentiation of hDP-MSCs including hDPSCs and SHEDs. (biomedcentral.com)
Experimental studies assessing the promotive/suppressive effect of miRNAs on the differentiation of hDP-MSCs and studies evaluating changes to the expression of miRNAs during the differentiation of hDP-MSCs were included. (biomedcentral.com)
Gronthos and co-workers were the first to report the isolation and characterization of MSCs from the pulp tissue of third molar teeth [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
As primary sources of osteoblasts, MSCs show osteogenic functions that are closely associated with bone homeostasis and development. (nature.com)
We employed cell proliferation analyses such as CCK8 and BrdU assays to determine the proliferation-promoting role of TSC-EVs on MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)

WNT, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), Notch, Hedgehog, and transforming growth factor β/bone morphogenetic protein signaling network are implicated in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis by regulating self-renewal of normal stem cells as well as proliferation or differentiation of progenitor (transit-amplifying) cells. (aacrjournals.org)
Notch signaling is aberrantly activated in breast cancer, non‑small‑cell lung cancer and hematological malignancies, such as T‑cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, Notch signaling is inactivated in small‑cell lung cancer and squamous cell carcinomas. (spandidos-publications.com)
NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3 and NOTCH4 are cell surface receptors that transduce juxtacrine signals of delta-like canonical Notch ligand (DLL)1, DLL3, DLL4, jagged canonical Notch ligand (JAG)1 and JAG2 from adjacent cells ( 1 - 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Small-molecule inhibitors, antagonistic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), bispecific antibodies or biologics (bsAbs) and chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-Ts) targeting Notch signaling components have been developed as investigational anti-cancer drugs ( 10 - 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

This week in the JCI , a study led by Anil Rustgi at the University of Pennsylvania identifies keratin 15 as a marker for a subpopulation of proliferative stem cells in the esophagus that are indispensible for maintaining homeostasis as well as regenerating tissue following injury. (jci.org)
Rapid epithelial renewal occurs, but the specific cell of origin that supports this high proliferative demand remains unknown. (jci.org)
After implantation, self-renewal and proliferative cytotrophoblasts appear in the early first trimester (6-9 weeks) and can help identify trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The resting zone, a source of stemlike progenitor cells that restores the reservoir of proliferative chondrocytes, is located farthest from the primary ossification center and assumes responsibility for preserving the architectural integrity of the growth plate [ 4 ]. (pfmjournal.org)

However during aging the regenerative capacity of tissues is impaired and the inhibitory mechanism on tissue stem cells are largely unknown When healthy cells are irreparably damaged, they can enter a state called senescence (White et al. (uu.nl)

The corneal epithelium is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells on the outer surface of the eye, which acts as a protective barrier and is critical for clear and stable vision. (wjgnet.com)

An odontogenic medium modified by the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 was used in the experimental groups to induce differentiation. (scielo.br)
They have a higher odontogenic differentiation capacity compared to other cell groups due to their content of specific progenitor cells. (scielo.br)

In the healthy brain, neuroglia stem cells generate progenitors, which in turn give rise to differentiating cells that will eventually acquire their final functional state. (stanford.edu)
that is, they have the ability to generate other stem cells and perpetuate themselves. (bvsalud.org)
Following cell cycle exit, CEBPE unleashes the CEBPA-primed differentiation program to generate mature granulocytes. (regionh.dk)

Depletion of Krt15 -derived cells resulted in decreased proliferation, thereby leading to atrophy of the esophageal epithelium. (jci.org)
The colonic epithelium is an example of such a site and the high prevalence of colon cancer makes the understanding of cell number homeostasis more important to define. (academicconcepts.net)
Colonic epithelial cells migrate from the base of the crypt to the surface epithelium in 6,7 days. (academicconcepts.net)

However, they are easy to obtain from human adult tissues without ethical issues and play an essential role in tissue repair and organ homeostasis [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Once in the circulation, these cells can arrest at sites of ischaemia or growth factor release (such as VEGF release), such as in the tumour periphery. (nutriforce.cn)

Cancer stem cells in breast tumors were first discovered in 2003. (wikipedia.org)
Accordingly, breast cancer stem cells have distinctive metabolic properties to sustain their stemness and promote cancer progression. (wikipedia.org)
Pleural metastases from breast cancer patients were enriched with CD44+/CD24- cells, indicative of a higher enrichment of BCSCs in these resistant tumors. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, we have found that SASP factors can trigger stemness in healthy and cancer cells. (uu.nl)
In cancer cells, this makes them more resistant to treatment. (uu.nl)
Ovarian cancer immuno-reactive antigen domain containing 1 (OCIAD1), a key player in ovarian cancer cell adhesion. (nih.gov)
Zhou previously reported that expression of HES1 is lost in 92 percent of serrated pre-cancer lesions (as well as being a prominent feature of irritable bowel disease-associated serrated lesions), whereas its expression in normal colon tissue and in benign polyps remains intact. (case.edu)
SOX2 has capacity of increasing growth and metastasis of cancer cells. (drtaheriazam.com)
We found that CD133 expression is repressed by DNA methylation in the majority of prostate epithelial cell lines examined, where the promoter is heavily CpG hypermethylated, whereas in primary prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia, low levels of DNA methylation, accompanied by low levels of mRNA, were found. (biomedcentral.com)
This indicates that CD133 expression is not altered in prostate cancer and it is consistent with an important role for CD133 in the maintenance of the hierarchical cell differentiation patterns in cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
erbB 2 antisense oligonucleotides inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cells with erbB oncogene amplification rkungsfaktorsteuerung second Br J Cancer. (mirnamimics.com)
Phase III clinical trials of Rova‑T for patients with small‑cell lung cancer and a phase III clinical trial of nirogacestat for patients with desmoid tumors are ongoing. (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present work, we found that 5-ALA, a natural precursor of heme, can hinder cell glycolysis, which is the main path of energy production for most cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
The Greek physician, Galen is accredited with describing human tumours of having the shape of a crab, with leg like tendrils invading deep in to surrounding tissues, hence the term cancer. (vin.com)
This review attempts to condense our understanding of cancer and offer insights into an alternative theory regarding the existence of true cancer stem cells and how this will inform the development of new therapeutics. (vin.com)
However, despite the fact that cancer is a common disease and considering the number of cells making up an organism, the change from normal cell to cancer cell is actually a very rare event. (vin.com)
Further, we will consider the role of Stem Cells in cancer and how they are challenging conventional wisdom. (vin.com)

LTB 4 promotes the recruitment of additional phagocytes and activates local tissues to produce various cytokines that act in concert to optimize microbial clearance and thus initiate the process for tissue healing. (fatsoflife.com)
MS is an inflammatory-mediated demyelinating disease that has been associated with production of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17, two cytokines that are produced by Th1 and Th17 cells, respectively 12 . (nature.com)

These findings in iPSCs from dyskeratosis congenita patients reveal that undifferentiated iPSCs accurately recapitulate features of a human stem cell disease and may serve as a cell-culture-based system for the development of targeted therapeutics. (nih.gov)
The development of atherosclerosis is a good example of a chronically activated inflammatory response that over the course of many years leads to profound remodeling of sub-endothelial vascular tissue, leading to vascular changes and the formation of hardened plaques that can rupture and form dangerous emboli. (fatsoflife.com)
CD4 + T cells are involved in the development of autoimmunity, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we show that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) blocks experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS, by inducing immune homeostasis through CD4 + IFNγ + IL-10 + T cells and reverses disease progression by restoring tissue integrity via remyelination and neuroregeneration. (nature.com)
Research in the lab focus on the development of a fascinating part of the brain - the hypothalamus - the master-controller of physical, behavioural and emotional homeostasis. (sheffield.ac.uk)
This anisotropy may significantly influence the cells' mechanotransductive response to complex loads, and has important implications for development of accurate models of tissue biomechanics. (asme.org)
Globally, apoptosis can be defined as a normal process of cell suicide, critical for development and tissue homeostasis. (academicconcepts.net)

There are findings that indicates that normal cells undergo mutations which result in their transformation into BCSCs, while there are also studies which concluded that these cells come from the misplacement of somatic stem cells de novo. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy64

Organisms13

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs69

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment37

Phenomena and Processes63

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science3

Proliferation and differentiation4

Regeneration16

Embryonic stem3

Pluripotent Stem7

Migration8

Mesenchymal8

Cellular13

Extracellular10

Biology10

Therapies4

Proteins9

Mechanisms16

Signaling pathway1

Pathways7

Abstract1

Hematopoietic1

Progenitor cell3

Vitro8

Lineages8

Osteogenic differentiation3

Multipotent2

Pluripotency1

Growth and differentiation2

Lineage8

Differentiate6

Tumor17

Balance between cell proliferation2

Endothelial cells4

Human dental pulp stem cells1

Microenvironment3

Regulates4

Epigenetic7

Mammalian3

Stromal2

Epithelial homeostasis1

Epidermal5

Basal5

Adipose tissue1

Gene5

Vivo5

Fate7

Repair and homeostasis1

Genetics1

Regulation3

Normal tissues2

Cues4

Bone marrow6

Genes4

Abnormal3

Organs4

Adult stem1

Impair tissue1

Disruption3

MSCs5

Notch5

Proliferative4

Regenerative capacity1

Stratified squamous1

Odontogenic2

Generate3

Epithelium3

Role in tissue repair1

Tumour1

Cancer17

Cytokines2

Development6

Somatic stem1